MONNET D.A.V.

PUBLIC SCHOOL
* INFORMATICS PRACTICES *
* ART INTEGRATED PROJECT *
* EFFORTS BY:- MEDHA DANSENA
* CLASS :- XIITH “COMMERCE”
* TOPIC :- COMPUTER MEMORY(RAM , ROM)
* ROLL NO :- 1251
GUIDED BY :- P. K. DASH SIR,
 CONTENT
1 ) PARTS OF MAIN MEMORY(PRIMARY MEMORY)
-RAM , ROM
2 ) WHAT IS RAM ?
3 ) TYPES OF RAM ?
-Dynamic RAM (DRAM) , Static RAM

4 ) WHAT IS ROM ?
5 ) TYPES OF ROM ?
MROM (Masked ROM) , PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory)
PARTS OF MAIN MEMORY(PRIMARY MEMORY)

1.RAM(Random Access Memory)

2.ROM(Read Only memory)

 WHAT IS RAM

Random-access memory (RAM)- is a form of computer

memory that can be read and changed in any order, typically
used to store working data and machine code. A random-
access memory device allows data items to be read or written in
almost the same amount of time irrespective of the physical
location of data inside the memory. In contrast, with other direct-
access data storage media such as hard disks, CD-RWs, DVD-
RWs and the older magnetic tapes and drum memory, the time
required to read and write data items varies significantly
depending on their physical locations on the recording medium,
due to mechanical limitations such as media rotation speeds
and arm movement.
 TYPES OF RAM

1.Dynamic RAM (DRAM) 2.Static RAM

EXPLANATION …
 1.DYNAMIC RAM (DRAM)

Dynamic RAM consists of a transistor and capacitor that capable of storing an

electric charge. Depend on the switching of t capacitor contains no charge(0 bit).

DRAM typically takes the form of an integrated circuit chip, which can consist of dozens to billions of
DRAM memory cells. DRAM chips are widely used in digital electronics where low-cost and high-
capacity computer memory is required. One of the largest applications for DRAM is the main
memory (colloquially called the "RAM") in modern computers and graphics cards (where the "main
memory" is called the graphics memory). It is also used in many portable devices and video
game consoles. In contrast, SRAM, which is faster and more expensive than DRAM, is typically used
where speed is of greater concern than cost and size, such as the cache memories in processors.
 2. STATICS RAM

A fast memory technology that requires power to hold its

content. Static RAM (SRAM, S-RAM) is used for high-
speed registers, caches and relatively small memory
banks such as a frame buffer on a graphics card.
In contrast, the main memory in a computer is typically dynamic RAM
(DRAM). Static RAM chips have access times in the 10 to 30-nanosecond
range, while dynamic RAM is usually above 50 ns.
 WHAT IS ROM

Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of non-

volatile memory used in computers and
other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM
cannot be electronically modified after the
manufacture of the memory device. Read-
only memory is useful for storing software that
is rarely changed during the life of the system,
also known as firmware. Software applications
(like video games) for programmable devices
can be distributed as plug-in cartridges
containing ROM.
 TYPES OF ROM

1.MROM (Masked ROM) PROM (Programmable Read Only Memory)

 1.MROM (Masked ROM)
1.MROM (Masked ROM)

In the case of a MaskROM, the ROM is programmed at the

manufacturer‘s site according to the specifications of the
customer. A photographic negative, called a mask, is used to store
the required data on the ROM chip. A different mask would be
needed for storing each different set Typical timing diagram a
ROM read operation of information. As preparation of a mask is an
expensive proposition, mask-programmed ROM is economical only
when manufactured in large quantities.
2. PROM (Programmable Read
Only Memory)

A programmable read-only memory (PROM) is a form of digital memory where

the setting of each bit is locked by a fuse . (eFUSEs can also be used) It is one type
of ROM (read-only memory). The data in them are permanent and cannot be
changed. PROMs are used in digital electronic devices to store permanent data,
usually low level programs such as firmware or microcode. The key difference
from a standard ROM is that the data is written into a ROM during manufacture,
while with a PROM the data is programmed into them after manufacture. Thus,
ROMs tend to be used only for large production runs with well-verified data, while
PROMs are used to allow companies to test on a subset of the devices in an order
before burning data into all of them.