AI -TCR TEXT BOOK artfeeaty © Biologyiare Mobile : 01711 - 57 32 09wire “HTS Human Physiology Staite ore WR Primates 4AM (Order) Saeth = Chordata (Garearn TEETER aH) A 1 ets ce crus, roma ana, Barid—Vertebrata (OTHE CHePHS fren aie —) , ten, Frente aaRece cara | ewe CAA Mammalia (tence fern waahy ere) FrOMTeR ASA HAG eae | rhe 4 Primates (Sicy +a Berar Zs) Read er eearb ens | aT 4 Borat Hi a (RARE; THOMA DOG © BGT HIM) Wee aa Aes cat BB a C- Hominidae (ai af&%) ortorba wet Serer Aaa ett | aT 1! Homo (34h ¢ Tore TATA SA STL) 4 cabies Gre anf cere acae 1 Homo sapiens ‘wtacaa SerfS (Origin of Man) Restor tact, waren eeeat fer coca fH (tree shrew)-8 WCET HATS CRB FetoR ana |e ara aii Beaten a6 fren ow ex aos Ret | GePromeIOTTEREMNONTCT ae ‘Soracfa TENA Nae AGA A TAT (New World Monkey) %e garat yfetta aI (Old World Monkey) ai (Gea « afire Sreniter Tees AUST TEA AeA ac 1 oeafice, Beat, Pr 6 wire acre APProSs aaa fA FT A) ATTA BTA CeeTe corotew | aos OS AACR , GRY SRE Het Geer Oo TRA | 2, Giamemyiaieerry Te Frawa a ora yfoait Frafire , CSA TIN VO enPaicos oT CoAT aA CtecrA Ta PAA 1 Ta Ae OTT APBIR Homo sapiens-CF MAE ALA MATS WATE | TAG WARS MEAG VIN AA THATS FAY ART SI A > wrdrorat en | ace fafSa aera HTS eters Bars Uae, ATT @ wh We ACT TR CS ates | Calbarra THES wR eT eTaTE cay wt CaP ifs Gatos ¢ “tea ATS BA | 50, catamaran tas annie Ger wre Ravane ary ae AV are Fears STO TA AS 1WAS Haw : AAS 6 CHAT Human Physiology : Digestion & Absorption samecrcet fafeq torah = are tan, af ‘ ‘ae PATA (Key words) tafe o are af was o afer oo Srnfer at eae cain@baiqa eranact | PrewT oes cae cree owe wae [FO BMI ORT grefire eqcarelta “1 Bog fF (nutrition) | SAT (food)-& aITACHTR fa carey ont | etre afer eA etc Fae BATT ATE YABAT LeU ACA ICY AACA Bch VA | FATA AS o aATeGS aCe “AAT ci Fafa RICA AAATy Be | aero Tbe Ace AT AT PT 18 AAT OO Witeca ar aiterces ae © aaa firm | MED TMNT FNS aes ota oO sexta fis ort abe ais cae | os | srergtioe aay afers a oT ww arrraie ozone acy THE oe Rea sat o Sree re abe i ain = pilaf | 915 ance ARISE 6 RACAICAT SHTST antes ga Rem ayes aa fie eacatera efit Se aT ITEC afore Oo wma afene "aces afer aca TT 54 Baca aay Someicra carat OR IE HE TURP aa FONE AIS Curie war seer @ a8 ofeafe| 1G fae FS ROTA CTR ANS TRACE TE Oo Fras we NS S0 | WARS AES, Sar, sre O arate : afaere ARE were HPP 6 Raa SRA TN AS warTeeat 6 fo TE RICE EI e HATTA O Bre Mac, sat @ afer 539 BTS ‘PRT (Digestion) @ tee arate eferata eiber etaray fafSqy . rift fT (Mechanical Digestion) : ea FAT feu JVs atoaTa aseTSTCTAT wet Para, reseat @ Tem wfoarcrs sr aa RAS eta comma este we TOPE WIVTAA (physical breakdown) HOTA BAS FA Fra fers wa aaorte ferwecrs gfe wore (increases the surface area for the action of the digestive enzymes) OC# Wifwe AAT A |&. APTA Aes (Chemical Digestion) : AMCs AA Ys ato AATEC GOT ats Reet ae ae, wee @ CCE UE, FA 6 aREor FeO afte SECT (chemical breakdown) WOH CRATE Aa GeuraTearl fate Lawes AAAS MARTE ATA | are chews / aftetsocar Ffsy Met (Ditferent Parts of Human Digestive System) ee arate wry CITA FAAS Maa aT ate AT | TATE sleet wa fee AT CAT, aA, RET) eS a ey Fes Be eA AT TON BC FALE dle tes aT Rem ES CATR CTA Be MAT AT aT afore Soca soon ose af AEA IA CHtewE ae | at CATE 6 cea TIT AS | CAFU (Digestive Tract) : FX Us Ay 1s Few coifhaeer arora aaatos ArT CATT te a, afer, CATA, TRL, RATE, Fe ay ace 1 TUTE feats eet Rew, Ta-SereA, GRETA @ Bray | qeras fea act ow, we-Frem, CA e TAT | CABEAY (Digestive Glands) : TIT FATA ayorncs cNBaavy wr | wACTT ATE cara Haale ace, zat-renafy, APS, wap, MPRA @ wrth | ard CHReecad ifSa wet feos ee fooma NTE Bee Sat BeTine tahoe : ieee 6 Cat 38 TER onenties fafey acta afb aca afere Progr wf «tet Ay eA I . STAT 6 tft AeiIdea4 (Ingestion of food & water) 2 Aiea acAys Aa (Movement of food along the alimentary canal) ©, UTA Us AATF (Mechanical digestion of food) 8. aeaa ata fae (Chemical digestion of food) ¢. afierege tay © nf fACTRt (Absorption of digested food & water) FFePA (Elimination of undigested materials) TR AAEF (omnivorus) att 1 Biss o ene Vor ears MTS aT axel wea ATH | OTA THT eater EAB ares GoATAy ACHR | SCA ARINC NAT CASAL AT oTAD ota y Wise afore a1, SIR, Grae, FoI, Fre at « the Fee @ io cont afer weiss af 6 erarertia “fe waeate Sea, WITS BTA AMAT (balanced dict) qe | ie caer sears yy wIqCas Sfehicaa BAM AICATA SITs CTA VAT | arg Sar frat SATA ATH, 3. "FI (Carbohydrate)| — 83¢-voo at | rate Beery @ ore HATS gH | 2. STR (Protein) 300-3¢0 a Crea Bi, CORT, FUT, A, BS 6 RET 6 fee tons Sams aaars sae AT | ACO as Barmera A, ARTES aTeTaA s Seq ag ee area Barats aT | sonra Caray ete TRIER Ber ao (Carbohydrate) HUTRTTAES iar aorta Stay ain aReeteetd fate wreteaern feral ace 1 CO wits racer, coutis esis afrmreatece ome? a WE, ETAT 7a Coaifin Berg aH 3, coREA + 1,0 SERS acre, weitere, ya COREA | @ Verte as sRomTte aly “aa eEf Rese HibeE CTE e sae Bee Se | BROCE + H0 ERE. arate 4 year We mMTeN WIECH AA wea rere CofA eA | WCU + HO Baars + yaTE Geers GAS aT FINS CLO UHAAUTS Core 4H BY GST 9s GY BIG HE wea | FEES + 0S acer + TT | A) ee sre ea IES eR RTT ous HE ST 11 | Sree Oey areas TETRA aifta afta agra aor Sas crrenea writes asta aca Seta PrcRera fermi ee pe Behr ores Fite Bfrrceracs ete ar foererraa freer RoyS acter STR FAITE . waren caer GaP Berg =A coretfirn Beet BE 2. Cir areas Frye a1 2. afin guicad feecorra Ree a 0. af aac Fifea circ Ror sys BH aa ea ATREAATT HCI aa Fees Hee caster facts ©. of aca Ria fice fora faze Z| GR AA PESTRAUETA OATHS GARTROTA aemiel after Gerina “fits ea 1 8. af tegtre caifiace cies w ctetcbiA~ sAfaTS 8, af ference canes © creRbrTe afercrbRce fats Fe GR aoe GR oRere Pram ergyd pire am aa | react ar aratas ane aT Greene GaUFOCHOLAte) FR ARSTHT AAILAH CHG LE RA ATT AAS ATA ARRAN! AAT AT TMA emusinieationy sey STM aor Aetela any asters arise ewe afore Prater feraer eA 1 >. MRCS ATTA ACTER HEATH VG APTS we APTA AACS Bea | et ES, a afte + ts | TRO rer Pers ae ois, frie ewes are aAITS er | exces ZACee Ute fire + farsa + wach Pre 1 ©, PTA GTTAR ATA IAB AAT er icara Beta Ferre Ro MTT PIE @ CHTCTFB TT A PH | CRETE abr ACE PTA an ats + CATED | erfire aor PRS ce aero arerey feral eH 1 >. aRete ares Preece cere aera afits Rem Pere we aca aT TARS Un afr Berg Fea 1 oes ST UT afre ¢ firma weTEATS a | eet EES erafiparares +e ae 1 2 Cee arty aPRacs ene atts, frre, Pica are e cafera afte ea | crn SORES, ents fie + era + ETC aS + CTWire “irate : afar @ carat 3e9 Se ratte opie Oe alhittore iP hre ees ee aerate AEROS eG fe + fear | aye wes afk AlcEE, Ftettcog « Keontiws aor heirs afie e ga CoTOTHTICe PACH oh, CACTI OPA we ARG CA-9 FAB Fas | afaarte afte ShTst (Role of Digestive Glands) CHRewcaa ied HAE core af| care fAfey wT FS wa aT ate FETT TT recerics CRATE aT errs AFR eT | TATSTATTR ATO ATT Cea aR AAI- MoT, APS, AP, TRGS ay o wife ay errs afer ae NS fy reer eTbtca aae fers fy OCHA athe SER ea wy afer CHRent art wahye ox woR ARE | fee faieA Afaatke mee a TM VAT | >. atatt alf& (Salivary Glands) TREE ere Sacer Reman et ayer Prana OTGS comenres forera waeTe Srey a Rea ASS vafemenbecrcH INS MERCER ATER | ATS ef cate aft an cas aca AT ofa aa Ce Be | AERA eas Dorel Fie ats feacetet Hil 4 SAAS | MOLT HR — MAT ID—ID =, Leife wrera Free acy ef eet aie yf sptcatibe athe tem 2, aRepfSgere af (Submandibular sand) : efersfaer at Ft corareern cE ie waceTt sremfegera af safes 1 a aif ater (ere FH eT (Hrenulumy AM ACT Worst et BS A | 9, aTafergrret af% (Sublingual gland) : of | af aim fre free aR Bye mu ‘FTT (Saliva) rien af cares Risqs ace water ate Tw! ‘Ge (Composition of saliva) AIA: Be.e% — vd.C% | . S Borny : 8, recht, carcbiesrm, fBcernes, aPrcaferret cae Teste 1 ©. TPT: SS Soo fifa Tera » Fifer wha, xo Fifer TEER ae co fifa ads CRIT BASE GTS Is |3e8 Siafaeig — 8H 8. Stay Mid : a 0.2%; CSI Grats, Aim GAs, onfSa wre, sa waND, Srna ead, AHFNy ercMPTEMTAT Vert | @. Tas tad: a 0.0%; errEReT (OMMER, ee, aie oT, PRS, Hehe eniSafs Bont 1 “Aleta FTE (Functions of saliva) i, arena fore’ ifs | aca TA BATSS ae Rotter Fal ABTA eG APT ATCA BT Reon amice fetta aaa ara 1 nf Ze BopaaTe Pre aa, Te SATE aT fan ¢ Freres afte ar) Rea aMgiGocn SHAT toy ewifte ea aT | era fea ATEN TS BI ST care ~amesiberet IETS aera TTT srerTa aM Cori AES A GR, Ben 6 Bi opens Fre arora we ew TORT cate BA | OT, Bowe, VewaT Bons AT feel OCA FAN AIPA SCL A | Ue Seal ww we an a wags carateoifen (xerostomia) 77 | GQ ERR aire arcana ero cr fied Fiber ance WaT ARTS eee | ATA ATA OSA STMT ATF 1 OPE 6 COTE SHIA (ARMA) FATES fo RTA sa | GW GARG (Chloride) Pref ooMAPRCTETE AIA, pT +9 |-22., g0-21 qpntrers ome at brite rata s (Salivary ee ‘or Ptyaline) @ql Fal 7164 A PTOAUTS COLA TTBS ae COREA ANTS operate fas Fea | GBALAAG (Bicarbonate) ATA GAS pH 6.2- 7.4 GF AEG FH ATS AKG Fea | af TATA (buffer) Rerrca wre Bea ETA ast Preen Ste iter ais ord ken CRY A AA | walt a 75-18. enzyme) {2S ATT DRAB OT TET HST TT ATA | viii, PTT RoR SHIPS TTC Raa FOBT Be | ix. PET AMISH YM ISSA ae TS cas CHAT @ ATA TAOS fae SCH | &. AFG (Liver) STR : APS Bracers Soren Ures APTI Get EUG RATURAT A iateICas fe Fw fSOowAN © UF Tar Braihes eee GA ANN Oaks | UiasiaReemETRGR GATOPTEOATA ACCA OF: RYOMATOT ATO APNG AT afty elena qrremTRNANEETT eT 8= Die oe MAT SIMD AES Cas SPT OR @ ay AGS ATH Arce 20-AN ie fey AEE AM A wea | aeeATara alreg : are @ CTT oe@ ARS AC CHS APLC THVT OTT Ha UGS CAAT [ge (hepatic lobule) THF SI FY TE frow was Hy cnftsrern ¢ aly weft, qegerem | afieiet cea 5 RRB aM RRB) ae onfaters OS OT TITTTA VMS caTE a RMTOPTAG are | cnkeBert core weit aca crete Frat (central Be vein) MC | MRE ATA A VeTTO CTA GAT MTIPATCTS (sinusoid) AH® SO BM ACF | MAPS Gard Te cheS ‘after, crs star, agate ae . CHRICHAARA SORECONGIVEOHNG TATE CAH Ronee cor Fara MMT OL HTET VETS tee wea | AR FCAAS geste MECCA (elycogenesis) eEPAMT MACATTEA~A YACHTS A wg cos Hee OTE TT AACE | RAHANGNSULiN) AMAA MATA ATTACH TACTIC COCR ACS CHCA Tra ASS ACA | 3. FS ASA (Blood Reservoir) : Ht 6 Ta aces cafe ara Few ze RMB cone Pat saa eer 1 agTeR foe fren ae afte wrRAS ee BI IAMS aa TETAS 6 Fa Repr AFOUE ICHT STS (reservoir) RETA FF Wa | TFS AIA ¢o0 WA GLA, AA aw vided WA arte atc a crea Fafey aerrateire HATA ye TeMerCTT ATee few RCN TOA ATH BOTT | ‘©, FBorfRA HeeH (Storage of Vitamins) : FPS CAR (fat) 4A ASIA (A, D, E, K), CS we pote Beane! (By2) 438 FRE ARTE Fe Ba | By. ae VS OPTS BRST cries Tre CORTE ercaTET eA 8. forear VeAtT7A (Production of Bile) : TFS Cats Very Prey (bile) WHTSA GI WErecrA Fe FrreefAcs (gall bladder) BT AIC |ey ‘Shafter - fe8tr om @. DAS 6 BTCA TG AeA (Storage of Fat & Amino acid) : UTE (ACHR) HR TRE VS tA et secercer Ferre Sal ace a, WES OZ Boies gears dics ARTS Fea ET ATCA | TFS Pres ea aed | CTCRT eICHTETTA OL eae Cite aPrS eR ew TASS we | \, RRTEHeT HeT (Storage of Mineral) : FPS NR e ASFA Aa wea | CIs aw Sea SISTA aa TTS A (Kupffer) ICRA WITH CBA FRA (haem) @ CATA (globin)-9 FATS ST 1 Gilg el CRPRTEA [ferritin orcs AgTS TAT AMTs | ETTS Ber, fers, Cora Font Heres ag aes area PAT: 21-22, 14-18, 16-1 K wgced Rata BAF (Metabolic functions of Liver) EAA ATA ATARI TAAL AM ICS AT MAA Cee ATT FASE AOS aT ores Rene fae orgys Sitar a wea AGE Se, IRE ¢ GRAS Rencea aa BI age Fo ails Ronse area Featbo a | >, “aT FAs (Carbohydrate Metabolism) : “tat fans TESA SM LT | APTS *RAA ft Free afte Soren art Sat VE atRcetceaPrA Glycogenesis) : 1H cae RMD cordter Fata meses ABA (MA-aeaTeI) TAS er wea 1a Pad Fafoa ware BA ere come awaiRer | ~aI Rome TPST RE ITS USA AAS 00 HH APERITIA do feat georer Rew Free wer | Cl ETT TRA LR TH I A CH HO CHL TTS CUA AT ATG A VCH, APS WI aeforay Wa Bia Cre Ty cote wa ef aI Ferra SIME MRC we Langerhans) cate Berg Bacar | ms acetates (Gluconeogenesis) : 1 RAPA aftrae ott wea aw cae dearer =a Sem a, ore gaa TA | af =a Betifeaere fee | AP SES TPS CHICA MIRCHI ATT ARTS A | ATA DITA cafecS AoE Ace ATT STwThee Fl Ce TPS UMA aE, Tabs oe, Tess afty, fire Bens wre aE we CATH ACTS CO Bes ACS colt A, A ALS ICTS HT AICS 14 STE ater ACTA Um Bile er | Gord UGE AS YsTE WEIS wa do fifFATH/S00 WA CAPRI FerT Ae omget Efrat eR Sea ae | ARcaTCRAMAA (Glycogenolysis) + TR YAS Aa FA coe aA RCeTCECATTAA efara APTS ARS SRC COLT LATE VORA Ba a aCe Fates Ue 19 eee APICAL 8 API VACA TT HAAS ZA | ARRIETA (Lipogenesis) = Her Yea Mra UA am ART CATE AT Ta Beers 6 Meer Fen TOM Tae wear A wea BP GCI een WPS ates eaters HP TARS (triglyceride = TG)-4 NEA Wat | 4 HAAPMAS cares oe feos afee SH | aery SSE “rear STS ay cic ITE Tea (TG) Aa aE aT a BACH © GRICE QTR FTA |ace “sata Td FAM A ST TOT aH 2. C@tfea FTF (Protein Metabolism) : fey Rone AGS BETS ewHqyd Bre A sta | org piers rn afte Rear Saics afar at SCT NTs | PEAT (Deamination) + GM Stet ars at say Sams cece SARC aPC SATA ohrace Reamer Te | a Ae Fle SAe apical are oy fic TAS ACA 7 rece eA fread Sao: xroa net @ Renda ghee Baedee Shafgears - fasta ta FEE (-NH2) Cela Sea | FCT BTS =e eorers GT CaRPT DOR eters wea | UTA ETE (-NH2) BRHIE OTA (Ht) at AN TE VA STATA (NH) Bert Fea | OO Beha wh (Urea Formation) + Wau oe fears mid a ATE Ass Ger ARLE TST ABCE AA 1 TGTS BAPAVA BCEF (Ornithine cycle) *Fal Faattcs FZ CO, aa Aiea HrcA TS ae ROAR He ea | BEART aerate we aH come TARLAC FAS LL ers -D O AeA cenfea *eCIe (Synthesis of Plasma Proteins) : WPS fy ¢ JRIGT errs eT CaS rem ona nee Fal TCS CoM [et AP] reste eI crac wR PTAA, fromentoa, Feces, craraatr, confetier,|a, fecirenita ase ae way WHET I, II, V, VIL, IX, X, XI, XU. MAT: 19-20 AGATA HECHT (Synthesis of Hormone) : APS wptaferecda PCAC (angiotensinogen) AE ACH Bea UI Ge ppS APA (renin) arenas wat HAEA AeA CATR AHI BPH HLA | vw, fare (wriB) fete (Lipid Metabolism) : RECNPUaICEReCEAM TICE Mfc Reonece Fes affe Corey ater a aa: a care cate GAR id AGS Caley DRcs AfeTw =A Tae CHITA AARSE BA 1 ARS Trea Bom Fea RT PCO EA ATP HC MAS Berry BA 1 arte, erate, ements es aErS HesfTS VT © We Fries 6 Ut ofirea ara WE, Te FecoIraAfa TWeTATTA (Ketone bodies) BerfS G1 gts “dal cafe care wid ACS GL (Ha Gora Flee HIE cars grote Ber V1 8. Cnigs aSeiteI Sorte @ SIA (Production and Destruction of Red Blood Cells) : FCoE eitestatsmaagERcnie en reslos aferenta corer a wary eR eH | eferaT eats ASS Bar CN AGS Bee fae Phi Neca Te ea ey Bale UPS WAR ETS Tee “SISTA HEC! BCA | ¢, facaedifacrs GIey (Breakdown of Haemoglobin) : CNRS Teeter GY 20 fA (8 AP) 1 a MOTT APS, ae a WAPTAS WTC corcTT EA cove A wae ETA RR TEM ae TS zr fie | aes we UTE, Ae e APH afk WaT (macrophage) ATS FAC CAG THM VY SA | ASCOA WITCH FIA CATE (Kupffer cell) LoraprRces wrerera FecarcanieR coca Fea e cane stom weal canta ewe ee cenioA eM, fe Frere wpificn afice FRB er fer cae ORR Get oe oT Sy ae Get Pretaiea (biliverdin) WOM ger Aare Berry wea | aes Bae PAPA (bilirubin) *raSe er 1 ora AAS At 1a Remain Berg wheres I TTS BI | 1, Pre Seosa (Bile Production) : UPS cers (CAAMNBPTAS) Gfarm Fre wast sea ae Praares Al TFS a GoacHE care fiw a, caTA-cnfourT aeceTcaIB (sodium glycocholate) @ caftura Bratceiceis (sodium taurocholate) AOHa Fe | tare ore Reorea VETEd fre Very @ A orgy we | 49, BACT ACLS (Synthesis of Hormone) : TFS WHAEcoAP CATCH (angiotensinogen) ARF ACA HLTH A A Tw METS GAA (renin) aTeTRN fea Afra eH CATR THI Bf SEA