Activities done in ARAC.

Hatchery management.

Hatchery management involves selecting male and female brood stock, administering homone, and
returning the fish to the holding tank. Fish stripping and collection of milt/Eggs is done by holding head
of male with damp towel, opening belly with blade, punching testes with razor blade, mixing eggs in
saline solution, and returning spent female to holding tank for 4-5 days. Weighing of eggs involves
scooping a portion of the total stripped egg, weighing and counting it, fertilization and hatching is done
by pouring fertilised eggs on a submerged net, and transportation of sold fingerlings is done using a keg.

Tillapia (oreochromis niloticus) is one of the most farmed fish globally. It is cultured in an earthen pond
and harvested with a Seine net. Tillapia guenesis is a brackish water species that produces in June.
Shrimp (macrobrachuim vouenhoveni) are harvested at the EEC (European Economic Tidal Community)
pond. Traps are set using non return valve traps, bamboo, stone, ropes, and palm fronds. The shrimp are
placed inside a netlone cage and kept in the earthen pond.

Poultry.

Poultry are domesticated birds, including layers, noilers, and broilers. Stocking preparation is essential to
minimize microorganisms in the cage. Food, water, and antiviral medication must be provided. Brooding
is the application of heat to the birds at early stage of their lives. Equipment must be kept at the wall
end and the cage must be well covered.

Birds must be checked every two hours. The vaccination process takes 2-3 weeks and involves
administering gumboro, lasota vaccine, anidone and royal solution. To prepare the feed, all necessary
ingredients must be obtained and mixed thoroughly. After 2 weeks of brooding, birds should be
transferred to different cages. Daily activities include washing drinkers and feeders, and administration
of antiviral and organic boosters.

Piggery

Pigs were domesticated at 8000Bc and are monosaccharides, monogastric and high in feed efficiency.
They are fed twice a day on grasses, cassava Peel, and concentrate feed. Young piglets are vaccinated by
deworming and castration is carried out on the male pig. The sow will come into heat every 3 weeks
throughout the year if she is not mated, and should not be used for breeding when she comes into heat
for the first time. The female pig in heat is restless and may not eat, and the vulva becomes pink and
swollen.

Pregnancy lasts for 3 months 3 weeks and 3 days, and the sow needs plenty of feed high in nutrients.
Farrowing is a natural process, and signs include restlessness, milk production, blood stained fluid
passing from the vagina, and gentle rubbing of the udder. If water is not available, they wallow in the
mud to cool their temperature
Fish smoking technology.

Fish smoking is an ancient food preservation method used to flavor and preserve fish, slow down or
prevent enzymatic bacteria and chemical deterioration, and maintain the fish flesh in a condition as
close to fresh as possible. It involves harvesting, cooking, preservatives, and drying

Utilizing fish of the same size will enable equal smoking and drying, which is the most crucial concept. All
fish harvested must be weighed in a bowl, stunning and gus removal must be done humanely, clean
water must be used for washing, salt and pepper must be used for brining, the fish must be shaped by
turning it in a circle, and smoking is done in a smoking kiln.

It also include, chambers, racks, chimney, oil collector, smoke generator chamber.

Materials use includes: Charcoal,Banga shaft ,match stick.

FOOD SAFETY MEASURES wearing hangloves, clean equipment, hazard analysis.

PACKAGING AND LABELLINGFunctions includes: provide information to the consumer,it makes it

presentable, protects fish from harsh condition, reduce bacteria spoilage.ackage and label.

Netlone cage

Netlone cage construction is used to culture shrimp. Materials used include netlone material, measuring
tape, elbow pipe, scissors/razor blade, T-Junction pipe, 11.34pvc blue pipe, PVC gum, twine, saw, gill
net, needles, empty plastic bottles, and fine mesh. Steps in making netlone cage construction include
constructing the frame using 34 PVC pipe, elbow pipe, T-junction pipe, using pvc gum to keep the
structure in place, cutting the netlone material and fine mesh net for the base, rounding the frame cage
with netlone material, attaching the top of the frame cage with a gillnet, and attaching two plastic
empty bottles as a floater

Feed production.

Feed is any substance given to an animal, which produces energy and promotes growth. Ingredients are
brought together to formulate for farm animals in the right proportion. Animal protein concentrates
include fish meal, blood meal, cray fish dust, tadpole meal, toad meal, maggot meal, feather meal,
poultry by products meal, and plant protein concentrates. Procedures for feed preparation include
identifying, weighing, grinding, mixing, adding oil and water, pouring, and storing.
Buguma is a Mariculture department under NIOMR, where brackish water organisms such as oyster,
shrimps, mudskipper, Crab’s Gobi, mullets, tarpon, Acatia, Sarotherodon melanotheron (Black Chain
Tilapia), periwinkle are naturally found. The characteristics of the brackish water environment include
red mangrove, black mangrove, white mangrove, nIPA palm, golden leatherfern, and tidal flow. Red
mangrove is distributed in estuaries ecosystem, black mangrove is distributed in estuaries ecosystem,
white mangrove is distributed in estuaries ecosystem, nIPA palm is native to the coastline and estuaries
habitat, and golden leatherfern is grown in swamp and mangrove forests and on river bank’s. Tidal flow
is the water current caused by tides. Tides are caused by the gravitational attraction of the moon and
sun, which creates regular changes in coastal water depth.

High tides bring different species to feed on them, and high tides bring fish closer to the shore. Salinity is
a measure of the amount of dissolved salts in water, which changes from time to time. Soil helps crabs
burrow, and sluice gates regulate the flow of water. Tarpon (magalops cypinoides) are both marine and
fresh water habitat species, able to survive in brackish water due to their swim bladder. They consume
insects, fish, crabs and shrimps, and are canivorous and swallow their food whole.

Onion/cassava/pineapple Exercise.

The Queen pineapple is cultivated using the sucker and crown, which take 9 months to grow and 18
months to mature. Cassava cultivation involves clearing land, cutting cassava stems, tiling the soil,
burying cassava stems, and watering the bed. Onions Till soil, mix manure, scatter onion seeds, mulch,
water bed using a hose, take 3 months to mature.