Newsletter Article Outline (30 marks)

INSTRUCTIONS:

• You can use the same topic you chose for your social media assignment or a new topic,

just keep it related to your field of study

• Download this file and type directly in this document.

• Before submission save the file with your Last name-first name-asst name.

• Write your points in as much detail as possible. The more details would be added here

the closer you’ll get to your Final Draft.

• You are encouraged to write long sentences and short paragraphs to elaborate your

ideas.

• You can use headings, subheadings, bullet points, etc., to organize the details

effectively.

• You must choose at least 3 references to provide research-based support to your

points.

• Wikipedia, open web sources, and encyclopedia must not be chosen as primary sources

because they are not research-based. You can use them to define a concept, but

elaboration must comprise research-based evidence to elaborate your idea.

• References can be selected only from the following sources:

• College Library.
• Website- regulated by the Govt., organization, company, or any credible publishing
source.
• Website of any News agency or research-based agency/organization
 How climate change could make our food less nutritious

Introduction

Background:"This review, “Hows Climate Change Could Make our Food Less Nutritious,” will explore the

relationship between climate change and food nutrition. We will first discuss how climate change impacts agricultural

production, altering the conditions under which our food is grown and potentially threatening food security (EPA

2023). Next, we will examine how rising carbon dioxide levels can decrease the nutritional value of staple crops like

rice and wheat. Finally, we will delve into adaptation strategies to mitigate the impact of climate change on food

security."

Thesis statement: Climate change significantly threatens our food system, impacting global food security and

public health by altering agricultural production and the nutritional content of our food. It is imperative to implement

adaptation strategies to counteract these effects and ensure food security. These strategies are key to navigating the

challenges climate change presents to food production systems and to bolstering the resilience of agricultural

systems amidst evolving climate and environmental conditions

First Main Point

Topic Sentence: Climate change poses a significant threat to global food security and food production, it can

and is currently leading to reduced agricultural productivity and disrupting food availability.

Explanation or analysis of your point of view

Climate change is a big problem for our food. It's making it harder to grow crops and get enough food. The changing

weather is causing problems on farms, like making it too hot or too dry. This means we might not have as much food

as we need, and it's already happening. So, it's a big threat to the food we eat every day.

Supporting Detail 1: (Survey, Facts, statistics, real-life examples- Experts)

The impact of climate change on food security and food production is supported by various sources. The Food and

Agriculture Organization (FAO) emphasizes that climate change can affect food availability, access, utilization, and
the stability of each of these over time, ultimately leading to food insecurity (FAO, 2015). Additionally, the FAO

highlights the need to invest in systems to assess risks, vulnerabilities, and adaptation options to address the impact

of climate change on food security (FAO, 2015) . These findings underscore the urgency of addressing climate

change to safeguard food security and agricultural sustainability.

Supporting Detail 2

According to the World Bank, the number of people suffering acute food insecurity increased from 135 million in 2019

to 345 million in 82 countries by June 2022 or even around 820 million globally (TED ,Kristie Ebi, 2019), largely due

to climate phenomena. Global warming is influencing weather patterns, causing heat waves, heavy rainfall, and

droughts, which in turn lead to rising food commodity prices and acute food insecurity. About 80% of the global

population most at risk from crop failures and hunger from climate change are in Sub Saharan Africa, South Asia, and

Southeast Asia, where farming families are disproportionately poor and vulnerable (The World Bank, 2022) . This

evidence further supports the assertion that climate change poses a significant threat to global food security and food

production by leading to reduced agricultural productivity and disrupting food availability.

Closing: climate change is making it harder to grow food. Organizations like the Food and Agriculture

Organization and the World Bank show that it's already causing problems, leading to more people not having

enough to eat. The changing climate affects crops, raises food prices, and hits vulnerable regions the hardest.

It's not just a future worry it's a serious issue we're facing right now. We need to act fast to protect our food

supply and make sure everyone has enough to eat.

Second Main Point

Topic Sentence: the rise in atmospheric carbon levels, driven by global warming, is impacting the nutritional

quality of our food, posing a threat to human health and well being.

Explanation or analysis of your point of view

The more carbon in the air from global warming is making our food less nutritious. Important things we need, like

zinc, iron, and protein in crops such as rice and wheat, are decreasing. This can be bad for our health, especially in
places where these foods are a big part of what we eat. It's crucial to figure out how to keep our food healthy despite

the changing climate.

Supporting Detail 1

Research conducted by Samuel Myers and colleagues showed that when staple crops like wheat, soybeans, and

field peas were exposed to high levels of carbon dioxide, there were declines in protein, iron, and zinc (NPR, 2018) .

These declines could be problematic for populations who rely on these crops for a significant portion of their nutrients

and may already be at risk of nutrient insufficiencies (NPR, 2018) .

Supporting Detail 2

In the presentation done by Kristie ebi during her ted talk, shows that when plants have a increased intake of carbon

dioxide, it increases their synthesis of carbohydrates (sugars and starches) and reduces the concentrations of

important nutrients such as vitamins minerals and protein in ours plants (TED ,Kristie Ebi, 2019). Supporting this

information war research done by the National Institute of Health (NIH, 2018) where they did this experiment where

rice was divided into different plots where everything is the same but fed different levels of CO2 and evidence showed

that the rice crops which absorbed the most of the carbon showed consistent declines in protein, iron zinc, and

vitamin B1, B2, B5 and B9, which proves that the elevated concentration of CO2 will slowly take away the nutritional

value us Humans need in food (NIH, 2018)

Closing: the more carbon in the air is making our food less healthy. Research shows that important nutrients like

protein, iron, and zinc in crops are decreasing because of higher carbon levels. This can be bad for our health,

especially where these foods are a big part of our diet. We need to find ways to keep our food nutritious despite the

changing climate
 Third Main Point

Topic Sentence:Adapting to climate change is vital for our future, requiring a range of strategies such as early

warning systems, ecosystem restoration, resilient infrastructure, and long term planning. By incorporating these

measures into our policies and communities, we can effectively tackle climate challenges and create a more resilient,

sustainable world

Explanation or analysis of your point of view

I believe we need to do something about climate change by using strategies like early warning systems, restoring

nature, and building strong infrastructure. By planning for the long term and protecting places like coastal wetlands,

we can make our communities and the world stronger and better able to handle the challenges of climate change.

Supporting Detail 1

In a TED talk by Kristie Ebi, she discusses how rising carbon levels in the atmosphere can rob plants of the nutrients

and vitamins we need to survive, leading to a potential global nutrition crisis (TED ,Kristie Ebi, 2019). This

underscores the importance of reducing greenhouse gas emissions to maintain the nutritional value of our food and

ensure global food security. Moreover, a study by NASA, Duke University, and Columbia University shows that

reducing global emissions over the next 50 years to meet the goal of the Paris Agreement would prevent about 4.5

million premature deaths, 1.4 million hospitalizations and emergency room visits, and 440 million tons of crop losses

in the United States (NASA, 2021) . This evidence highlights the significant health and economic benefits of reducing

greenhouse gas emissions, reinforcing the importance of this strategy in tackling climate change.

Supporting Detail 2

Countries have adopted a revised greenhouse gas (GHG) strategy for shipping that sets a net zero emissions target

by around the middle of the century (Reuters, 2023). This is a significant step towards reducing global GHG

emissions, as shipping accounts for nearly 3% of the world's carbon dioxide emissions (Reuters, 2023). However,

achieving this target requires a concerted and comprehensive effort to transform the energy system (UNFCCC,

2023). The United States, for instance, has set a goal to reduce GHG emissions by 80% below 2005 levels by 2050

(UNFCCC, 2023). This involves various strategies such as improving energy efficiency, investing in renewable

energy, and managing supply chain greenhouse gas emissions (EPA 2023).
 Closing: adapting to climate change through strategies such as early warning systems, ecosystem

restoration, resilient infrastructure, and long term planning, coupled with efforts to reduce greenhouse gas

emissions, is vital for our future. These measures not only help us tackle climate challenges but also create a

more resilient, sustainable world.

CONCLUSION:

Climate change significantly threatens our global food system, impacting food security and public health by altering

agricultural production and the nutritional content of our food. It's already leading to reduced agricultural productivity

and disrupting food availability, while rising carbon dioxide levels are decreasing the nutritional value of staple crops

like rice and wheat. However, the implementation of adaptation strategies, such as early warning systems, ecosystem

restoration, resilient infrastructure, and long-term planning, along with efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions,

can help ensure food security and public health. As we move forward, it is imperative that these strategies and efforts

are prioritized and integrated into our policies and communities to create a more resilient, sustainable world

References (APA Format Only)

Candanosa, R. M. (2021, December 1). Reducing emissions to lessen climate change

would yield dramatic health benefits by 2030. Climate Change: Vital Signs of the

Planet.

https://climate.nasa.gov/news/3134/reducing-emissions-to-lessen-climate-chang

e-would-yield-dramatic-health-benefits-by-2030/

Ebi, K. (n.d.). How climate change could make our food less nutritious [Video].

TED Talks.

https://www.ted.com/talks/kristie_ebi_how_climate_change_could_make_our_foo

d_less_nutritious/transcript?subtitle=en
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. (2015). Climate-smart

agriculture sourcebook (Vol. 3). https://www.fao.org/3/i5188e/I5188E.pdf

GHG Reduction Programs & Strategies | US EPA. (2023, November 1). US EPA.

https://www.epa.gov/climateleadership/ghg-reduction-programs-strategies

Kennedy, M. (2018, June 19). As carbon dioxide levels rise, major crops are

losing nutrients. NPR.

https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/06/19/616098095/as-carbon-dioxide-le

vels-rise-major-crops-are-losing-nutrients

Major crops lose nutrients when grown in elevated carbon dioxide levels. (2018,

June 22).

https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/hsph-in-the-news/crops-nutrients-carbon-dio

xide/

Saul, J. (2023, July 7). Countries adopt mid-century greenhouse gas emissions

goal for shipping. Reuters.

https://www.reuters.com/sustainability/countries-adopt-new-shipping-greenhouse

-gas-emissions-target-2023-07-07/

United States. (2023, November 7). The United States Mid-Century Strategy.

https://unfccc.int/files/focus/long-term_strategies/application/pdf/mid_century_str

ategy_report-final_red.pdf

World Bank Group. (2022, October 19). What you need to know about food

security and climate change. World Bank.

https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2022/10/17/what-you-need-to-know-a

bout-food-security-and-climate-change
Zhu, C., Kobayashi, K., Loladze, I., Zhu, J., Jiang, Q., Xu, X., Lei, G.,

Seneweera, S., Ebi, K. L., Drewnowski, A., Fukagawa, N. K., & Ziska, L. H.

(2018). Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) levels this century will alter the protein,

micronutrients, and vitamin content of rice grains with potential health

consequences for the poorest rice-dependent countries. Science Advances.

https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaq1012