z Basket composting is the process by which your decomposable fl gnome garbage, garden and farm waste and leguminous leaves like ! ‘lipii-ipil are ‘allowed to rot in baskets half— buried in garden plots. Basket composting has always been part of the FAITH (Food Always in the Home) Garden developed by the Mindanao Baptist | Rural Life Center and for many years was proven to give the following E _ benefits: es aaa re ae J. © You can immediately use the basket compost without waiting for | the usual 3-4-month period as is necessary in other methods of | composting. : © Your basket holds the composting materials in place, therefore it will minimize nutrient depletion by run-off. © Stray animals dnd fowls are prevented from scattering the compost materials. * Your home and its surroundings will become cleaner because garbage and wastes are collected ‘and utilized. @ It Serves as reservoir and collector of the muth-needed- moisture and'nutrients for your ‘plants. : '@ You can produce more nutritious vegetables at less cost.PREPARE MATERIALS orn © long bamboo strips, 2-3 cm width @ bamboo stakes at least’ 30 cm length home organic garbage, farm’ and garden wastes, ipf-ipil” ang kakawate leaves, if available © manure PREPARE fbarven PLOTS ‘@ Clean garden site. © Save weeds and grasses for q Eqmposting materials. *) Prepare garden plots thoroughly, MAKE HOLES @ Dig holes along the center of the plots| at least 12 cm in depth and 30 cm diameter @ Space them 1 m apart MAKE THE BASKETS - © Drive 7 stakes around the oles; uneven number of stakes (5,7 or 9) makes perfect brace for weaving. @ Weave the long strips of bamboo around the stakes to form a basket, Without bamboo strips, closely space the stakes (about 1 cm apart). The basket serves as erosion control’ and as container: that Prevents the chicken from scattering the compost. ialTECHNOLOGICAL PROFILE 1. PLOT SIZE: Only 200-300 sq. feet of “Growing bed” area. 2. BED PREPARATION: ) Raised, narrow, deep-dus (12"-24") beds a : 1) Use of compost or other alternatives such as mudpress (8-2 00'sq feet bed). iii) High labour usage initially (26 hours/100 sq. feet bed). We 1+) Imhumid-tropies: Possibility of eliminating subsequent digging of beds. ” The use of narrow beds restricts compaction to the pathways only. TD Continuous sop cover & mulch reduces compaction (within beds) {rom rainfall. 2 3. BED FERTILIZATION: 1) Bcubic feet of compost or mudpress (by produet of sugar mills), egg shells, bone-meal, wood or cane-trash ash, ipil-ipil leaves/fish meal . i) Use of liquid manures or manure teas (fermented water-manure mixtures). iif) Inclusion of nitrogen-fixing crops into the annual erop cycle. CROP PLANNING: i) crop rotation (root, leaf, legume and fruit erops) aimed at regenerating soils & breaking pest life cycles. ii) ~ Inter-cropping (long and short duration crops). i) Conservation of genetic resources through the promotion of local varieties (backyard curators). ix) Inclusion of culturally acceptable nutritionally important vegetable (amaranth, rice bean, winged bean, etc.) ¥) _Diversifiation of diet through cultivation of a wide range of vegetables or through use of plants with multi-purpose uses. vi) Inclusion of short duration crops to deal with wet season and/or dry season food deficiencies. Vil) Cultivation of trelliscrops along side the growing beds. Vil) Perennial, polycultural, multistoried fence crops (“edible fences”) . 5. WATER CONSERVATION: §) Close spacing of crops reduces evaporation from the soil. i) Mulching: Lowers soil temperature and reduces evaporation. iii) ~ Deep tillage & organic matter in the soil encourages water entry and conservation within bed (reduces run off). iv) Overall 2 30-50% reduction of water needs can be expected. 6. WEEDING: ee : et §) ‘Significant reduction of weeding time (70% of weeding time is eliminated). ~ #8) Significant reduction of the growth of weeds due to deep tillage, mulching and close spacing of crops 7. PEST CONTROL: ) Soil improvement, good drainage, balanced soil nutritional status, presence of beneficial fungi (mychoriza) is the basis for pest-reduction. : #) Growing a diversity of crops reduces insects, fi) Inclusion of sccimatized, hardy, pest tolerant indigenous varieties. iy) Use of medicinal plants iat also have insect repellant properties (as interctops) » ‘Use of botanical formulations as pest control sprays. +i) Encouragement of predatory species of insects, 6. 8-1 CURRENT OUTPUT: Village Level 0.6 kgs/100 sq. ft./day Z * (Cavite) Campus Plot 0.75 kgs/100 sq. f/day (Cavite) 3 8-2 POTENTIAL OUTPUT: 9) 200 sq. feet of growing bed aren 1.3 2.7 kgs. per day Perennial, fence crops (90 feet long) 1.5 — 2.5 kgs. per day Prepared by:isa wc PROCEDURE B10-1F FRNSIVE-GA YDENING WITH AGROFORESTRY aye Nitrogen-fixi ‘trees. "9 FIRST PLANTING SEASON S.. Select a relatively flat and sunny area of the farm. ‘sow tree seeds in double rows to provide the required quantity of green-leaf fertilizers. Dig the plots at least 12 inches deep and shape them into raised beds. 2 ; Apply ‘the ‘necessary soil supplements: 1-2 1bs wood ash, 1-2 lbs eggshells and 1-2 1bs crushed bones (where there are available). The rates mentioned are for a 100 sq. ft. bed area. Shape the bed and plant. SUCCEEDING PLANTING SEASONS a Note: In sloping areas, the beds and hedgerows must be When the trees are about 12 months old, trim the hedgerows. Subsequent trimming is done whenever leaves are needed or the trees begin to shade the garden plots. Flemingia congesta and Desmodium rensonii are excellent hedgerows for gardens since they can:be cut low (0.25 meters). Place cut branches (with leaves) over the vegetable beds. Leave them in place for 2 days. This will allow the leaves to wilt and hasten defoliation. Shake branches or use hand to remove remaining leaves. There should be at least 2 inches of leaves covering the entire bed. Incorporate leaves into the soil to a depth of 6 inches. Allow them to decompose for 10-14 days before planting. aligned along the contour. "4 “PUT ORGANIC WASTES @ Place the most decomposed garbage and manure into the basket first. e Place the undecomposed materials like ipil-ipil leaves, grasses and weeds next. @ Fill to the brim with other organic wastes. Fresh manure can be filled in immediately. PLANT SEEDLINGS Plant seedlings 6-8 inches around the basket. The distance prevents the decomposing materials from “burning the plants. @ Water the seedlings while young. “Eventually, just water. the basket. The .piant roots will later move toward it. The basket serves as moisture as well) as nutrient reservoir for ‘the plants. wy, er renin 4 sie a ras fer INCORPORATE DECOMPOSED MATERIALS “@ After ‘harvesting your “Vegetables ~ and your compost ame used up, remove the decomposed materials and incorporate them into the soil while cultivating. © Add new composting materials to the basket for next plants. . Do not try; to compost diseased Plants. Use the basket. while still intact, ¥ NOTE: Basket composting is compatible with and can be, integrated with the bio-intensive gardening technology.shop 00g 40} Aop aed (‘64 2°2 -¢'1)sqi9-e 2 1NdLNO (‘ubs Of-1¢)}J-bs 00G- OOF : VauV TVLOL LOTd NOILONGOYd AIGVL3AOSA ‘13SA31 QIOH3SSNOH ‘31V9S-TIWWS VW YOs LNOAVTBED PREPARATION FOR A BIO- INTENSIVE GARDEN. (OPTION NO.3) < nig oe soi] to a deptn of 1 ft. (Bed should het no more om ft. . Place banana trunks or split coconut trunks.or planks of wood on all four sides (1 ft. high). . FATT up the enclosed area with good garden soi] brought fray another site, S = & z z Apply the fol 2 Tbs. wood Leucaena/ipt crushed egg This is the required quantity for every 100 sq. ft. bed area, . Mix these plant foods thoroughly into the top 6" layer of the soil. Level “bed, It is then ready for pi :€: BED PREPARATION FOR A BIO-INTENSIVE GARDEN (OPTION NO. 2 ) 1 =< 2. Measure the recommended bed area and‘logsen the soil to a depth of 1 ft. - Get some soil from the pathways and around the bed area and put {t on top of the bed to further raise its hefght. Add to the bed the nutrients which the plants are going to need. Apply the following in layers: 1" compost or decomposed manure or mid press, 2 Ibs. wood ash, 2 Ibs. bone meal, 1 - 3 Ibs, fish meal or Leucaena/ipil-ipil leaves, and 2 Ibs. of any of the following -- crushed egg shells, mussle shells, snail shells, etc. This is the required quantity; for every 100 sq. ft. bed area. Mix these plant foods thoroughly {nto the top 6" layer of the soil, Level the bed.i.It is then ready foriplanting.SSS LZ BED PaePA@ATION FOR A BIO- -WfeNsivE 6 GARDI i (OPTION Ng. Vis ; 25' “long f co # & : | eee a i some pishintsiste eb etaatece tel thjjyy) a cro hot. remove a 6 Lybamlsiaalaentssonba tert etapralyh Zee 10, , The double digging process 4s complete. The i bed is now levelled using a rake. (Never step i | over the bed!) joosen the bottom of this seco =r f Coa”. ZZ "11." Add to the bed the nutrients which the plants. ~ are going to need. Apply the following in: layers: 1" compost or decomposed manure, 2 8. The.process of second diaging 1s continued, - : : "Tbs, wood ash, 2 Ibs. bone meal, 1-3 Ibs, “fish meal or Leucaena/iptl~iptl leaves, and 2 Ibs. of any of the following == crushed egg » Mussle shells, snail shells, etc. s the required duane ty for every 100 » bed area, ra 7 ; 12." Mix these plant foods thoroughly into the: top ‘9, This leaves an open trench at the other side . q 6" layer of. the soil, Level the:bed.: It is of.the bed. Fill this with the soi? eh then veady for planting. 4 viously dug out from the first trend : -i (See sige 4 4. d. $$$ $$ 4Naquv9 SAISNZ.LNI-OIG SHL NI SINW1d INV114d34 LOASNI por SAYTH AVNIOIGSN > -1,000 sq.m. Fduclot Module ° PROPOSED COMPONENTS: ‘ % ¢ ¥ Ee SBiRe i © 120 square meter _ ae ae ; Market Garden (BIG) © 25 square meter Backyard Garden (BIG) © 100 square meter Woodlot \e@ 100 square meter Homestead/House Site integrated alley Cropping | Cif upland © 50 square meter Mini-Fish Pond @ 500 square meter - If rainfed/irrigated rice-fish culture - If upland, 2 crops upland rice or corn followed by sorghum (Integrated Alley Cropping) *® 5 square meter Broiler Production based on farm by- products and sorghum (30. birds) or gaat project sorghum (30 birds) = 100 square ~— meter Camote (2 crops followed by legume cover crop)2,500 sq. m. Food%o. Module ‘ COMPONENTS: © 1,500 square-meter - if rainfed/irrigated rice land ~ if upland, upla p in between rows of tre cropping) followed by corn and ly cowpea or rice bean relayed into corn (3 weeks before corn harvest) weTe/ NETS Wy 5 hedgerow * © 50 square-meter Mini-Fish Pond © 100 square-meter House Site |e 30. square-meter Backyard Garden (BIG) © 200 square-meter Intensive Feed Garden food for goats © 30 squere-meter Housing for goats © 120 square-meter Market Garden (BIG) © 300 square-meter Intensive Woodlot © 100 square-meter camote patch (2 crops followed by legume cover crop) 7 J-3 square-meter area within any of the component areas of the above components for construction of any open well for i supplementary irrigation and then. using of the tapak-tapak pump for water Lifting © 30 square-—meter area allotted for storage housing/faciliti Note: The open well may be constructed Gllowances have10,000 sq. m. Foodic. Module COMPONENTS: © 500 square-meter Market Garden (BIG) © 600 square-meter Woodlot © 100 square-meter Mini-Fish Pond (two 50 sa.m. ponds) ® 100 square-meter House Site © 50 square-meter Backyard Garden (BIG) © 400 square-meter Intensive Feed Garden (for one cattle fattening project 100 sq.m. livestock area shed) or 4-5 goats @ 5400 square-meter - rice fish culture if rainfed/irrigated - if upland: 5400 square- meter alley cropping of corn/upland rice (and legumes relayed to corn) and trees © 750. square-meter Camote Patch (2 crops followed by rice bean) ® 2,000 square-meter coffee + black pepper and mixture of fruit trees (using Cavite model) © 50 square-meter Broiler Production {100 birds) 3-9 square-meter within any of the for construction of about three open wells for supplementary irrigation ‘and using a portable tapak-tapak pump for water Lifting © 50 square-meter area allotted for storage housing/tacilities Note: The open within the BIG” by Moodlot where area made to accommodate construction of small structures. be constructed RY ct, black pepper Land fruit trees K¢ ae THE 44-DAY METHOD OF COMPOSTINGUTILIZING THE FENCELINE FOR PLANTING ANNUAL AND SEMI-ANNUAL CROPS : — zm 1, Dig a trench 1 1/2 ft. wide and 1.1/2 ft. deep along the fence. mixture into the trench, so ; ‘ < 3. Plant the seeds or cuttings.= 7, CONSERVING WATER IN THE DRY SEASON ( the porous pot technique from India ) 2-3 INCHES THICK “CLAY POT \. | GRASS/STRAW MULCH: WITH COVER eu MOL f Sink the unglazed porous clay pots into the beds (with the opening just ‘above the,bed surface) 4 ft. apart. They are filled with water and covered to reduce direct evaporation. 2. Add a thin layer (1/4 1n.),of straw.or grass clippings (mulch) - “over the bed after the seed is sown or. just after transplanting.” 3. When the plants are ebout 3 weeks’ old, add more mulch (2-3" thick).~The water outlets are’ neces6: ry drainage and the maintenance of the — desired ‘vater level in the paddy. 2. ‘The dalet pipes sppply additional oxygen « : to the trench and paddy. > 3. ‘Materials: bamboo pipes 75-10 cm. dianeter or Wwe ae ee ea gereen 50 x90 -em.c/ ‘TL, FERTILIZER APPLICATION A. Rate 1. Rice paddy - Basal application -o chicken manure - .2 ~ .3 kg/m @ urea/16-20-0/14-14-14:= 19 ts b. ‘Top dressing - Follow the as for the rice crop... “it agp the yl syr why tis andard recommended rate’“Trench. a. ichicken/hog “aanure* — ob. \carabao/cow manure* ~'.5 kin’ “fresh: ~ 1 kg/a ried” "5 gin? of any'of the following: Say 14-14-14 may be added. B. Time and Frequency of Application 1: First application is done before stocking the trench. 2. Fertilize the trench once. month or when the color of water is no lnger greenish. Gréénish water is indica- tive that thefe 4s sufficient natural food _Splaakton) vin ‘the trench. 99. - Method of application 5 1. Place the inorganic fertilizer in a sack and submerge 4t 15-20 em below the water Jevel in the trench. 2. If mamure is used, dump it in one corner of the trench. III. STOCKING RATE ilepia allotica) 1. 1 fingerling/2m~ eth ‘supplemental feeding ; 2. 1 Eingerling/a”— with minimal supplemental feeding Bu fingerlings/a with -supplenental Feeding © Te potyeulture ds desired,” stock the trench ap Follows: cup) TLlapia ~B0%;Carp ~ 4325 Predators (Catfish/mefish) » IV. FEEDING A. Supplemental Feeding (for better growth) 1. rice bran - 80% 2. rice bran ~ 65% : ‘4pil-ipil - 20% molasses - 15% Baar ians : apticielt = 20% Feeding Mode ~ " : ‘ y bas Vs Sada a Little water eo the feed “Angredients ‘and ball 4 /Plate the balled feeds ina feeding tray made Of fish net. 3. Tie the feeding tray to a pole and submerge it in the pave Allustration). °°. Pee er,C. Rate and Frequency of Feeding ee ciate 1. Determine the actual consumption of the ‘fishy ver feeding 5: by observation. », ag 2. Feed twice a day. -(morning and afternoon) ‘y. CONTROL OF OVER-POPULATION IN THE RICE PADDY 1. Scoop out excess fry. | Crush and mix them with te! ‘feeds. 2. Stock predators (catfish, midfish) together with the (eilepia) fingerlings at 2% of ‘the total stocking rate. VI. For additional sources of income, plant gabi, mmgo and string beans on the dikes. However, do not plant gabi on the fide where the outlet pipes are installed to minimize seepage IMPORTANT: 1. The trench is necessary (as refuge for the fish) vhen water level in the paddy gets ‘too low or when the rice paddy needs to be drained. 2. The dikes should be high enough to prevent the escape of fish during floods.” The water outlets (screened) should likewise be Large enough to allow excess water to drain quickly. ee 1 Trench construction ° This should be done ‘before the” ° oe Heaths 1.115 nvide and 5-1 m deep. 2. Fertilization “@ When there is enough water. ‘the trench (from initial, rains) - + or from irrigation canal) 5 5 -apply any of the following: OH, or carabao“3. Stocking _\s “a. Stock'the trench with finger- lings 15 days after the appli- cation of manure. * 4, Land preparation © During the onset of the rains, plow and harrow the land. 5. Transplanting © Transplant the seedlings after thorough preparation of the and. — «@ Maintain 1" water level. 6. Opening the dike ® One month after transplanting, make 3 openings on the dike to “wvallow the fishfrom the trench to go into the paddy © Maintain the water level in the paddy at 10-15 cms. deep. e Increase water depth to 25-30 cms. after the tillering stage. 7. Harvesting c@ ‘By the time the ‘rice crop is ready for harvesting, so are ‘o> some of the fish, © Harvest only. the big fish (50-70 g or heavier). Extend the culture period of the... smaller ones for the next rice cropping.