DALE’S CONE

OF
EXPERIENCE
DALE’S CONE OF EXPERIENCE
Dale's Cone of Experience, also known as the
Cone of Learning, is a model that was developed
by Edgar Dale in the 1940s. The model represents
different levels of learning experiences and
suggests that learners retain more information
when they are engaged in more active and
participatory learning methods compared to
passive ones.
DIRECT, PURPOSEFUL
EXPERIENCES
This level involves hands-on, practical
activities and direct engagement with the
environment. It emphasizes kinesthetic
learning.
CONTRIVED
EXPERIENCES
Simulated experiences that replicate real-
life situations. Learners engage in realistic
scenarios, combining visual and auditory
elements.
DRAMATIZED
EXPERIENCES
Presentation of information in a dramatic
or narrative form, such as videos, plays, or
storytelling. It involves both visual and
auditory learning.
DEMONSTRATIONS
Observing a demonstration of a
concept or skill. Learners see and hear
about a topic in a more controlled
setting.
ORAL INFORMATION
Listening to spoken words, lectures,
or presentations. This level
emphasizes auditory learning.
VISUAL SYMBOLS
Interacting with visual representations,
including charts, graphs, diagrams,
and other visual aids. It focuses on
visual learning.
READINGS
Reading written materials, such as
books, articles, or documents. This
level involves visual learning through
written language.
ABSTRACT SYMBOLS
Working with abstract symbols, such
as mathematical equations or written
language. It represents a more
abstract form of visual learning.
The cone charts the average retention rate
for various methods of teaching. The further
you progress down the cone, the greater
the learning and the more information is
likely to be retained. It also suggests that
when choosing an instructional method it is
important to remember that involving
students in the process strengthens
knowledge retention
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SO MUCH