1.
Which statement below is INCORRECT about
Alzheimer’s disease?
A. It’s the 5th leading cause of death for adults over
65.
B. Alzheimer’s disease is more likely to develop in
men rather than women.
C. Most patients typically start showing signs and
symptoms of this disease after the age of 60.
D. Hispanics and African Americans are at higher risk
for developing Alzheimer’s disease.
2. The exact cause of Alzheimer’s disease is not fully
understood. However, what two changes in the brain
are found in a patient with this disease? Select all that
apply:
A. Destruction of the myelin sheath on the neuron
B. Development of beta-amyloid plaques in between
neurons
C. Destruction of dopaminergic neurons
D. Creation of neurofibrillary tangles within the
neuron
3. A neuron is made up of a cell body which contains
the nucleus. In addition, it has dendrites. What is the
function of the dendrite?
A. Give structure to the cell body and help keep the
neuron functioning
B. To receive information for other nerves cells and
take that information to the cell body
C. Take information it receives away from the cell
body and to other dendrites of neurons
D. Release neurotransmitters at the synaptic junctions
to relay messages
4. True or False: The axon of a neuron takes
information it receives away from the cell body and to
other dendrites of neurons.
True
False
5. Surrounding the neuron are cells that help protect its
ability to function. Which cell type provides safety to
the neuron by removing dangerous material that could
damage the neuron?
A. Microglia
B. Ependymal cells
C. Astrocytes
D. Oligodendrocyte
6. In Alzheimer’s disease, what protein is responsible
for creating amyloid beta peptides which develop into
plaques?
A. Tau proteins
B. Postsynaptic proteins (PSP)
C. Amyloid precursor proteins (APP)
D. Beta-synuclein
7. Neurofibrillary tangles found in Alzheimer’s disease
are made up of a protein called ________. What is the
role of these proteins?
A. Beta-amyloid; delivers nutrients to the neuron
B. Amyloid precursor protein; promotes
neurotransmitter released at the synaptic junction
C. Tau; provides structural strength to
microtubules in the neuron
D. Microglia; removes debris from outside the neuron
8. In early stages of Alzheimer’s disease, the
hippocampus is affected. This part of the brain is
responsible for what function(s)? Select all that apply:
A. Learning
B. Navigation
C. Memory
D. Language
E. Planning
9. Alzheimer’s disease also affects the neurons found
in the outside layer that surrounds the top of the
cerebrum. This area is made up of different lobes such
as the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes.
What is this area of the brain called?
A. Corpus callosum
B. Cerebral cortex
C. Amygdala
D. Cerebellum
10. A patient with Alzheimer’s disease is having
trouble performing the movements needed to use their
toothbrush for mouth care. This is described as?
A. Aphasia
B. Apraxia
C. Anomia
D. Agnosia
11. Which finding in a patient with Alzheimer’s
disease best describes the term agnosia?
A. The patient uses a fork to eat a bowl of soup.
B. The patient makes up a word to recall the name of
an object.
C. The patient can’t recall their address.
D. The patient is unable to perform the movements
needed to use their hair brush.
12. You’re helping a patient with hygiene. The patient
is having trouble asking you for a particular bathing
item. The patient wants the soap bar but makes up a
name for the item. This is known as what?
A. Amnesia
B. Agnosia
C. Anomia
D. Aphasia
13. A patient was recently diagnosed with Mild
Alzheimer’s (Early-stage Alzheimer’s disease). What
important educational topics should the nurse provide
to this patient at this time? Select all that apply:
A. Progression of the disease
B. Future planning
C. Surgical options
D. Medications
14. A patient is starting to experience memory changes
that are subtle but doesn’t affect their ability to
function. For example, they are forgetting recent
commitments and new people they’ve met or recent
conversations. The patient reports feeling like
“something just isn’t right”. This describes what stage
of Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease
B. Mild Alzheimer’s Disease (early-stage)
C. Mild Cognitive Impairment
D. Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease (Middle Stage)
15. Select all the correct options below that best
describe the Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease (Middle
Stage) of AD?
A. Longest stage
B. Patient is able to function (move around, talk
etc.)
C. Patient is confused to the point they need
supervision
D. Experiences mood swings
E. May wander
F. Stage last a couple of years
G. When most patients are diagnosed
H. Communication is minimal
I. Caregiver fatigue is experienced
16. The nurse is providing routine care for a patient
with Severe Alzheimer’s disease (late stage). The
patient has no motor activities or language
communication abilities. What are some nursing
interventions the nurse can implement to promote
patient interaction and communication? Select all that
apply.
A. Limit interaction to verbal communication
B. Use touch when appropriate
C. Incorporate nonverbal communication
D. Have music and imagery available during the
day
E. Identify yourself to the side of the patient rather
than directly in front
17. During the evening hours you notice your patient C. Critical thinking
with Moderate Alzheimer’s Disease (Middle Stage)
D. Usage of multiple tools
begins to experience an increase in confusion,
agitations, and hallucinations. What intervention below
could the nurse implement to help decrease this
occurrence? 21. You’re providing education to a group of
caregivers about wandering in Alzheimer’s disease.
A. Provide the patient with coffee at bedtime You ask the participants to verbalize signs a family
member with this disease may be experiencing
B. Provide a relaxing and low noise environment in
wandering. Which sign verbalized by a participant
the evening
requires re-education?
C. Use stimulating distractions at night
A. The family member takes longer than expected
D. Limit patient’s contact with sunlight during the day to return from a place.
B. The family member repeatedly requests to visit
an old acquaintance.
18. You’re providing education about testing for
Alzheimer’s disease. Which tests below can a patient C. The family member refuses to leave their bedroom.
have to check for beta-amyloid proteins in the brain?
D. The family member has trouble finding rooms
Select all that apply:
within the house.
A. X-ray
B. Spinal tap
22. A family member who is the caregiver for a patient
C. PET scan with Moderate Alzheimer’s disease (Middle Stage)
asks for advice on safety measures that can be taken to
D. MRI scan
keep the patient safe due to wandering. Which option
below is NOT an appropriate safety measure for the
caregiver to take?
19. A patient is concerned about developing
Alzheimer’s disease because their mother had the
disease. What statement below could the nurse provide
A. Display signs throughout the house to identify the
to the patient about genetic testing for Alzheimer’s
rooms
disease? Select all that apply:
B. Consider a GPS tracking device system for the
patient
A. Genetic testing is readily available at most doctor
C. Encourage social interaction by taking the patient
offices for this disease and should be discussed with
to a shopping mall
the physician.
D. Obscure assess to exit doors and windows
B. A genetic test is available that assesses for ApoE-
4 (Apolipoprotein E).
C. Genetic testing is not routinely ordered but for 23. The nurse is speaking to a patient with Moderate
research purposes. Alzheimer’s disease (Middle Stage). The patient is
sitting in the bedside chair and is about to eat
D. A positive genetic testing result means you will
breakfast. Which action by the nurse demonstrates the
develop the disease.
nurse knows how to communicate with this patient
correctly?

20. The nurse is helping a patient with Moderate
Alzheimer’s disease (Middle Stage) participate in a
task. When selecting a task for the patient, the nurse
would want to make sure the task has?
A. Multiple steps
B. Clear simple directions
A. The nurse approaches the patient from behind to
initiate conversation.
B. The nurse asks “Do you want orange juice with
breakfast?”
C. The nurse leaves the TV on while talking with the
patient.
D. The nurse stands over the patient while conversing C. Administering the medication two hours before a
with the patient. meal
D. Administering the medication at bedtime
24. A caregiver reports that their family member with
Alzheimer’s disease does not have interest in eating.
28. A patient with Severe Alzheimer’s Disease is
They request some advice on how to help their family
prescribed to take Memantine. Which statement best
member eat better. What intervention below would be
describes how this medication works to treat this
incorrect for the nurse to give?
disease?
A. Eat with the family member for meals
A. “It increases acetylcholine levels in the brain.”
B. Keep the eating environment free from outside
B. “It prevents the enzyme cholinesterase from
noise and well lit
working.”
C. Serve the family member a variety of food items
C. “It limits how glutamate can engage the NMDA
on their plate
receptor in the brain.”
D. Select healthy but tasty soft finger foods
D. “It decreases beta amyloid plaques in the brain.”

25. A patient with Alzheimer’s disease is prescribed a

29. What medication is relatively new that is given by
cholinesterase inhibitor. Which of the following
IV infusion that can help decrease beta amyloid
medications below is NOT this type of medication?
plaques in patients with Alzheimer’s disease?
A. Galantamine
B. Rivastigmine
A. Memantine
C. Memantine
B. Galantamine
D. Donepezil
C. Donepezil
The answer is C: Memantine This is a NMDA
D. Aducanumab
antagonist.

1. A nurse is talking to her elder patients in a slow,

26. Select the statement below that best describes how
loud, high-pitched voice. You should:
Galantamine works to treat a patient with Alzheimer’s
disease.
A. “This medication decreases the amount of A. DO nothing. This is normal
glutamate readily available at the receptor site.”
B. Talk to her about why we should not use
B. “Galantamine prevents the breakdown of elderspeak.
acetylcholine.”
C. Report her to the change nurse for ageism
C. “This medication decreases the levels of
acetylcholine in the brain.” D. Reprimand her and threaten to report her if she
repeats it
D. “Galantamine decrease beta-amyloid plaques in the
brain.”
2. When talking with seniors you can expect which
of the following as "normal"? SATA
27. A patient taking a cholinesterase inhibitor is
experiencing nausea and diarrhea. These side effects
can be decreased by doing which of the following? A. Slower responses
A. Administering the medication on an empty stomach B. Being hard of hearing
B. Administering the medication with meals C. Stories from their younger days
D. Having Poor Vision part of his medical workup, the nurse practitioner
orders which of the following laboratory tests?
(Select all that apply.)
3. Erikson's stage for elders is:
a. Vitamin D level
Ego integrity vs. self -despair
b. Vitamin B12
c. Basic metabolic panel
4. Several ways in which elders construct their life
d. Serum albumin level
story are: SATA
e. Thyroid stimulating panel
A. Reminiscing
B. Autobiography
9. An older client in a long-term care facility is
C. Journaling
receiving an annual physical examination and is
D. Hallucinating ordered laboratory tests that include a complete
blood count, serum electrolytes, and thyroid tests.
When the client's son questions why these tests are
being ordered by saying, "Dad is 85 why are you
bothering him?" the nurse's response is based on
an understanding that:
5. Benefits of reminiscing and storytelling in elders -the health care provider ordering the tests needs to
are: SATA explain the rationale to the son.
A. Decreasing stress -when conducted annually, all of the tests are
helpful in promoting maximum health for older
B. Reducing behavior problems
adults in the long-term care setting.
C. Helping live in the past to forget the present
-the tests are useful, but only if clinically indicated.
D. Enhancing the quantity and quality of
-the complete blood count and serum electrolytes are
communication
useful screening tests, but the usefulness of the thyroid
test should be questioned.

6. Communication strategies for elders with hearing

loss include:
10. The nurse is reviewing the postsurgical laboratory
A. Talk loudly values of an older adult client. The client's
erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is 20 mm/hr.
B. Speak slowly The nurse initially responds to this data by:
C. Give each person a pet name A. asking the client if he or she has been
diagnosed with any chronic inflammatory
D. Talk on their level disease
B. notifying the client's health care provider
immediately.
7. The TimeSlips program is an innovative, evidence- C. recognizing that the value is normal for
based program that uses _____ as a therapy older adults.
D. requesting that the laboratory rerun the test.
A. Reminiscence
B. Autobiography
11. When asked by an older adult client, "What is the
C. Story Telling difference between my normal laboratory values
D. Journaling and the ones for a 55-year-old?" The nurse
responds based on the understanding that there are:
-age-adjusted ranges for older adults for all of the
8. An elderly man is brought to the geriatrics clinic common laboratory findings, similar to those for
by his wife because of his increasing confusion. As infants and children.
-no age-adjusted ranges for older adults due to the 15. Which pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic
large variations within the age group and the parameter does the aging process least affect?
increasing number of factors that influence the
results.
-Distribution
-age-adjusted ranges only for the over-85 age group;
there are no expected changes in the 65- to 84-year-old -Absorption
age group.
-Metabolism
-age-adjusted ranges only for the hematological tests,
which are due mostly to changes in the bone marrow. -Excretion

12. An older woman with breast cancer has completed
a course of external radiation and is receiving
chemotherapy. After her recent chemotherapy
treatment, she complains of severe weakness,
dizziness, and lethargy and is admitted to the
hospital. Her platelet count is 45,000. Based on
this scenario, what nursing intervention is of the
highest priority?
-Preventing falls
-Maintaining skin integrity
-Preventing infection
-Replacing fluids
16. Factors that affect the pharmacokinetics of
lipophilic medications in older adults include:
-greater adipose tissue ratio to body mass.
-decreased total body water.
-increased glomerular filtration rate.
-increased creatinine clearance.
17. Older person tells story how do you respond in
telling them you truly appreciate them?
"I love learning about their lives"

18. If pt is in bed what is the best way to communicate

13. What factor is an important contribution to
with them??
polypharmacy in older adults?
Sit in chair and face them
-Implementation of Medicare Part D prescription drug
benefit
-Use of generic medications 19. FANCAPES
-Increasing popularity of dietary and herbal Fluids
supplements
Aeration
-Inadequate communication among medical care
providers Nutrition
Communication

14. The area in which nurses have the greatest effect Activity
on the safe, effective medication therapy of an Pain
older client is:
Elimination
-assessing for adverse reactions to the medication.
Socialization and Social Skills
-monitoring overall health of the client as it is affected
by the medication Evaluation of person's ability to carry out basic tasks
for self-care and tasks needed to support independent
-evaluating the outcomes resulting from the living
medication.
-educating the client to all aspects of the
medication. 20. Regarding health care disparities, is it true that
older adults of color have:
Increased risk factors for vulnerability if they are Reviewing/thinking through her vast life
females experiences to answer appropriately
21. Elder having to pay for their groceries and
neighbors groceries
30. What statement a patient's daughter signals to the
Elder Exploitation nurse that there is possibly abuse/neglect
22. A nurse suspects an elder neighbor of abuse. What He wanders during the night, and I can't be
should she do? bothered to deal with him. So, I mix sleeping pills
into his food to make him sleeeeep
Report to Adult Protective Services
23. Cognition
31. One of the most common visual changes
the process of acquiring, storing, sharing, & using
associated with aging is:
info
Presbyopia

24. Patient joined a swimming class and just learned

everyone's names but states "I can't remember any 32. What disease is considered an eye emergency?
of them today! Do I have Alzheimer's?
Acute angle closure glaucoma
State "Don't worry. Short term memory decreases
with age."
33. Ginkgo AE
increases Bleeding
25. A nurse is caring for an 85-year-old male client
with diabetes in a community setting. What would Stop 2 weeks before surgery
the nurse do to promote functional wellness?
Encourage to maintain current levels of physical
activity 34. Polypharmacy
Lack of communication in between medical
professionals
26. The Wellness Based Model includes maximizing
strengths, minimizing limitations, facilitating -5 or more drugs
adaptation, and ? 35. Nurse is preforming assessment and asks about use
Encouraging Growth of herbs and supplements. what does she tell the pt?
Explain they could interact with prescriptions

27. Reminiscing can accomplish all of the following

except: 35. when using MMSE the pt needs to be able to
Contribute to living in the past and increases what?
dementia She needs the ability to see and hear

28. Poor outcomes during transition of care

Insufficient financial wellness for medications 36. Nurse knows that proper understanding is possible
when?
give oral education and provide paper copy to take
home
29. Initial assessment patient took time to pause before
answering questions. How does the nurse react?
37. Life Story
I learn so much from them and their stories

38. Vast Life Experiences. Takes pt a while to respond

what should you think?
Patient is searching through her filing cabinet. this
is normal

39. A nurse is giving an educational demonstration

about herbs and supplements. What is the target
population?
White women with their own successful business

40. Which of the following are best practices for

communicating with older adults?
-Get close to their ear and speak loudly
-Lower your tone of voice, articulate clearly, use a
moderate rate of speech, and face them at their
level
-Stand above them and talk loudly
-Write down what you want them know rather than
talking to them.

41. What is the most common type of hearing loss in

the older adults?
Presbycusis

42. What is the best way to clean out ear wax from the
outer ear?
Use a curette

43. Which of the following is the most common

malignant skin cancer?
Basal Cell Carcinoma

44. What is the #1 treatment of Pressure Ulcer?

Prevention