BBA 3:1 GROUP A

PROJECT PLANNING COURSE WORK

LECTURER: Aston Aryamanya

Group members

1. Tuhirirwe margret J22B05 /110

2. Arineitwe Simon J22B05/ 181
3. Kyabishikyi Jacqueline M22B05/084
4. Egondi Silvester J22B05/201
5. Uwiringiye Winnie J23B05/043
6. Suzi Awut Marial J23B05/055
The theory of constraints is a management methodology that focuses on improving the
performance of the system by identifying and managing its constraints. The triple constraints in a
project management may be defined as the three factors that are interrelated and impact the
effectiveness and success of the project. These constraints include the time which is the period
between which the project must be finished to produce the set objective, scope which includes
the goals, objectives and the tasks or activities to be done in that project .the third constraint is
the cost which includes the budget or resources such as land ,labor capital and many others .it is
of a great importance to know that each of the three constraints affect the other two in a way that
they both must work together for the success of the project .

In reference to our project of distributing improved seed varieties to farmers under the
NAADS (national Agricultural Advisory services) programmed, the theory of constraints may be
explained in the following way.

SCOPE

The scope of the project for distributing of the seed varieties may include the number of farmers
to be reached out ,types of seed varieties to be distributed ,the geographical area to be covered
while distributing and the people to distribute the seeds .observing the scope is so credential
because it helps in estimating the cost of how much to be spent and when thus also bringing in
the constraint of time .

Time is also another constraint which involves in planning for when to train the farmers,
purchasing the seeds ,distributing up to when the seeds are ready for planting .this is so important
in observing the project success because everything is done at the right time by the right person
using the right resources .for example when everything is done at its own time and farmers get
the seeds at the right time ,they plant in the season, weed in the season and harvesting at the right
time hence getting the high quality production

Cost is the third constraint in the project planning .this involves the budgeting and allocation of
resources for example the allocated money to buy seeds ,to train the farmers, transport to
distribute seeds ,labor to train and to distribute the variety of seeds .managing costs effectively is
essential to ensure that programs remains stable financially and sustainable to deliver the best
quality of seed varieties .

The triple project constraint has the following impacts on the performance of the business.

The constraint of time can affect the performance regarding on how the project manager plans
and handles it .effective time planning such as distributing the seeds at the planned time, for
example before the rainy season will help the farmers to prepare early enough their gardens for
planting ,weed in season and also harvest in season which will lead to increased yields which are
of high quality .failure to do this at time for example when the time is short and it is past the
expected time, it will result in putting in extra costs such as hiring more workers, which becomes
so expensive .alternatively, in case the planned time is beyond the real time, the scope may end
up being tampered with for example reducing the targeted goals and number of the farmers to be
reached which will end up delivering low quality services as planned project .

The impact of scope also is determined by the way how the manager manages it .for example
when the set goals ,objectives and the activities to be done are met, there is effective utilization
of resources because every activity is done by the right person using the planned budget hence
making more and the desires projects .also if the tasks and set objectives are not set ,it means
there is shortening of the objectives, increasing the time period which will also increase the costs
to be used in the project .

The impact of cost constraint can also affect the project plan regarding on how the project
manager manages his resources. the project manager should ensure that the cost for the project
planned matches.
Project managers should know that projects never go exactly as planned .there is always
something that will put the project at risk either the cost is beyond as planned or is less ,time is
limited and therefore the project may be done under the pressure .also the scope of the business
may change regarding the cost and the time of the project which may put the project at risk
Therefore, managers should make some decisions which may help them to mitigate the negative
impacts between these three constraints and they include the following ,

Project managers should engage all the key stakeholders including farmers, government
agencies, seed suppliers and local communities to understand what they need and what they
expect from such a project. this will create a relationship among all stakeholders which will lead
to success of the project.

Developing a comprehensive plan that outlines the scope of the project, key milestones, what is
required to do the project and realistic timeline. also, a comprehensive plan should consider some
variations such as the changes in agricultural activities weather changes and availability of
resources.

Project managers may also decide to set the deadlines for the project which involves creating a
timeline that is easily accessible and understandable by all the stakeholders .for example
providing a calendar to all the stakeholders such as farmers which will help each and every one
to his or her role in a right time for the success of the project .

Monitoring the project and making adjustments where necessary .well defined plans are essential
for the project however the strategy will be useless if it does not give out the set success and
progress as earlier planned by the project manager .Monitoring allows the making of adjustments
while maintaining the balance between the three constraints to keep the project goals reasonable
and attainable .

The project manager should also decide on the risk management which involves identifying the
potential risks that could impact the distribution of improved seed varieties such as weather
changes, pests and diseases. This will help in developing ways and strategies of mitigating these
risks.

The project managers should also ensure the efficient allocation of resources including funding
personnel and equipment to ensure the distribution project run smoothly. Also, some other
factors may be considered such as transportation, infrastructure, storage facilities and distribution
networks.

The project manager can also ensure the quality measures which can be put in place such as
working closely to the seed suppliers, conducting quality assessments and providing training to
farmers on proper seed handling and planting techniques.

Maintaining open and transparent communication to all the stake holders involved in the project.
the project managers should always update the people involved on the challenges faced, progress
and success of the project and distribution efforts to build trust and collaboration.

Project plans cannot go as smoothly as planned by the project management due some challenges
which may come up though they can be managed slowly to allow the success of the project .the
following are the challenges faced while in managing triple constraints in the project and how
they can be reduced from causing a huge loss to the business .

Unfavorable and poor developed infrastructure such as road networks, limited access to
electricity, inadequate telecommunication. managers must plan carefully for these limitations and
factors in additional time and resources for transportation.

Political instabilities and tight regulations on agricultural organizations which maybe complex
hence hardening the implementation of project plans. Project managers must carefully consider
the navigation of these rules.

It is very hard to access the skilled labor and work force to distribution jobs. Project managers
may consider capacity building and training programs to develop the local people to ensure the
successful execution of the plan.

There is also a challenge of inflation, economic factors, currency fluctuation and limited access
to finances project managers must consider these economic factors when budgeting and planning
for projects to mitigate financial risks

Cultural and social dynamics. Uganda is a diverse country with various ethnic groups and
cultural norms. Project managers must be careful in observing these cultures to ensure that the
project scope is in the right place to the right people.
Environmental factors where there are adverse environmental threats such as water, forests…
project managers should ensure that these considerations are put into place before harming the
environment.

In a nutshell therefore, it is so vital to consider the theory of the Constraints especially in projects
that have wide range of activities and processes thus easier in improving them as had been
broadly discussed above.

References

http://riverlock.com

BR Harne college,

http: brharnetc.edu.in

https://www.tocinstitute.org