Pragramme Name and Code: ____________________________________ Academic Year: 2023-24

Course Name and Code: _________________________________________ Semester: Sixth

A MICROPROJECT REPORT OF

MICRO PROJECT REPORT

Submitted in 2024 by the group of ......................Students
Sr. Roll No Enrollment Seat No
Full name of Student
No No
1
2
3
4

Under the Guidance of

Mr. S.R.Kulkarni
In
Three Years Diploma Program in Engineering & Technology of Maharashtra State
Board of Technical Education, Mumbai (Autonomous)
ISO 9001:2008 (ISO/IEC-27001:2013)
At
1213- Dr Bapuji Salunkhe Institute Of Engineering & Technology
Kolhapur-416003
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION, MUMBAI-
Certificate
This is to certify that Mr. / Ms.

Roll No: of Sixth Semester of Diploma

Program in Engineering & Technology at 1213- Dr Bapuji Salunkhe Institute Of

Engineering & Technology, Kolhapur has completed the Micro Project

satisfactorily in Subject Electric Substation Practices (22633) in the academic year

2023-24 as prescribed in the MSBTE prescribed curriculum of I Scheme.

Place: Kolhapur Enrollment No:

Date: / / 2024 Exam. Seat No:

Project Guide Head of the Department Principal

Seal of
Institute
 Weekly Work / Progress Report …

Details of 16 Engagement Hours of the Student

Regarding Completion of the Project
Timing
Week Sign of
Date Duration Work or activity Performed
No. From To the Guide
in hours
Discussion and Finalization of the
1 One hour
Project Title
Two Preparation and Submission of
2
hours Abstracts
Two
3 Literature Review
hours
Two
4 Collection of Data
hours
Two
5 Collection of Data
hours

6 One hour Discussion and Outline of Content

7 Two hour Rough Writing of the Projects Contents

Editing and Proof Reading of the

8 One hour
Contents

9 Two hour Final Completion of the Project

Seminar Presentation, viva-vice,

10 One hour
Assessment and Submission of Report

Name of Project Guide: Prof. S. R. Kulkarni

Lecturer in Electrical Department, 1213-
Dr Bapuji Salunkhe Institute Of
Engineering & Technology , Kolhapur.
 INTRODUCTION

Nowadays, finding a suitable and convenient location for installation of Distribution

Transformer (DT)substation or Grid substation is one of the challenge being faced by
Discoms. The problem is severe in Urban areas and therefore, Discoms/power departments
need to plan for a suitable location for installation of appropriate capacity of DT Substation
considering the load in the area, load center, feasibility and further expansion etc. The
Distribution Transformer may be mounted on a single pole, H pole structure or on a plinth
depending upon site requirements, size and weight of the transformer. Accordingly, the
decision for installation of a Pole mounted DT substation or Pad/Plinth mounted DT
substation is to be taken by Discoms based on the capacity of the DT and availability of
space. As per CEA (Technical Standards for Construction of Electrical Plants and Electric
Lines) Regulations, the mounting of distribution transformers shall be as per relevant
Indian Standards IS 1180 and as per provisions of IS 1180, transformers up to 500 KVA
capacity may be mounted on the poles. Based on this, DTs above 500 KVA have
necessarily to be mounted on a plinth and DTs of capacity less than 500 KVA may be
mounted on single pole, double pole, 4 pole or on a pad/plinth based on the size of DT,
space available and practices being followed in the Discoms etc.
Pole mounted

Structure and Construction of Pole Mounted Substation-

All the equipment and transformer are placed on the pole. The 11 KV incoming lines are
connected to the transformer through the gang isolator and HT fuses. A triple pole
mechanically operated gang isolator switch is used. When the transformer needs to
disconnect from the power supply the isolator can be operated from the downside handle.
Also, the lightning arrester is connected at the High voltage side that will protect the
transformer and its output circuit from the lightning stroke. An Oil Circuit Breaker (O.C.B)
is installed on the Low voltage side of the transformer that will disconnect the output load or
consumer automatically when any fault occurs. During the maintenance or repairing of the
transformer, both of the high voltage side isolator and low voltage side circuit breaker should be
turned off so the transformer will be completely disconnected or be isolated from the
incoming power supply and consumers. The installation and maintenance cost of the pole-
mounted substation is very low compared to other substations because it has low capacity
equipment and structure.
Pole Mounted Substation Capacity-Voltage Rating:
Thevoltageratingofthepolemountedsubstationis11KV/400V.
Itprovideslinevoltage400Vforthreephasesystemand230Vforsingle phase system.
Current Capacity:
The current capacity of the pole mounted substation is varying with the load requirements.
The current balancing system is arranged, so the transformer can give the maximum efficiency.
Power Capacity:
The power capacity of the pole mounted substation is up to 250KVA. Transformer Connection: The
transformer in pole mounted substation is generally delta-star connected.

Pole Mounted Substation Use-

Pole mounted substation is used for the low voltage power distribution. It generally
supplies the electrical power supply to the domestic consumers. It steps up the voltage
from three phase three wire 11KV into three phase four wire 400V and single phase 230V
power supply. The main advantage of this substation is it provides output in both three phase
and single phase. So it can be used to provide power supply to both the single phase and
three phase consumer.
Plinth mounted

As per IS 1180, DTs above 500 KVA have necessarily to be mounted on a plinth, however,
lower capacity DTs may also mounted on plinth as per the practices being followed in
Discoms. The Pad, which is a low height platform/plinth, normally made of concrete
structure. It can also be prefabricated by fiber blocks on which the transformers can be
mounted, however, the strength of the fiber block have to been sured by the Discoms
before installation. The Pad should be capable to carry the weight of the DT and should also
have the facility for cable entry and exit at two sides as per the terminals available at the
Transformers. The plinth shall be higher than the surroundings and plinth foundation is
normally made of concrete. Plinth mounted distribution sub - stations should be adequately
protected by fencing so as to prevent access to the equipment by unauthorized persons,
animals and should be provided with standard danger boards. The enclosure should also
permit free circulation of air on all sides This type of DT substations is best suitable for
higher load centers areas where adequate land is available such as in urban areas, housing
complex, office complex and other developed areas. This substation can be indoor type or
outdoor type and the rating of Transformer may normally be more than 250KVA
to1000KVA depending on load requirement in the localities and also for economic reasons
as this needs control gears/ switchgears and proper enclosed wall boundary. The height of
Pad/plinth should be designed by considering the factors such flood level & topography of
the locality etc and should be adequately protected by fencing so as to prevent access by
any unauthorized persons. Depending upon the distribution system available in the area, the
provisions for entry of cables or for connection with overhead systems at DT primary and
the exit from secondary side with underground arrangement for laying the LT lines up to
consumer premises is made accordingly.
Plinth mounted Diagram

Pole mounted substation and Plinth mounted substation consists of:

1. Pin type insulator
2. AB switch
3. Lightning Arrester
4. Circuit Breaker
5. DistributionTransformer6.Earthing
6. DO Fuse
7. Stay Wire
8. MV cable
9. LV cable.
 Conclusion

Polemountedsubstationisusedforthelowvoltagepowerdistribution.Itgenerallysupplie
s the electrical power supply to domestic consumers. It steps up the voltage from three-
phase three-wire 11KV into three- phase four-wire 400V and single-phase 230V power
supply. This method can be used for all sizes of transformers. Where the distribution
substations are plinth mounted, they are efficiently protected by fencing so as to
prevent access to the apparatus by un authorized persons.