UNIVERSITY OF COLOMBO, SRI LANKA

FACULTY OF SCIENCE

LEVEL TWO EXAMINATION IN SCIENCE (SEMESTER 2) – 2021

PM 2021– BASIC ANALYSIS III

(TWO (2) HOURS)

Answer all 4 questions

No. of questions: 04
No. of pages: 03

Important Instructions to the Candidates

• If a page or a part of this question paper is not printed, please inform the Supervisor
immediately.
• Enter your Index Number on all pages of the answer script.
• Calculators are not allowed.

1
1. (a) Define a partition 𝑃 of the interval [𝑎, 𝑏].

(b) For the function 𝑓: [𝑎, 𝑏] → 𝑅 define the Upper and Lower Darboux Sums based on a
partition 𝑃.

(c) Write down the regular partition with n partition intervals for [𝑎, 𝑏].

(d) If 𝑓: [0,1] → 𝑅 is a decreasing function and 𝑃𝑛 is a regular partition of [0,1] with n intervals,
show that
𝑓(0) − 𝑓(1)
𝑈(𝑓, 𝑃𝑛 ) − 𝐿(𝑓, 𝑃𝑛 ) =
𝑛
(e) Prove by a counter example that in general for an integrable function 𝑓: [0,1] → 𝑅 and a
partition 𝑃
𝑏
𝑈(𝑓, 𝑃) + 𝐿(𝑓, 𝑃)
∫ 𝑓 ≠ .
𝑎 2

2. (a) (i) Define a refinement of a partition 𝑃 of the interval [𝑎, 𝑏].

(ii) For the partition 𝑃 = {0, 𝑎, 1} of [0,1] and the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 , 𝑥 ∈ [0,1] prove
that
1
𝐿(𝑓, 𝑃) < ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
0

(b) (i) State Archimedean - Riemann Theorem.

(ii) Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 1/𝑥 2 , 𝑥 ∈ [1, 2]. Using Archimedean - Riemann Theorem prove that f is
integrable on [1, 2].

(c) Let 𝑓: [0,1] → 𝑅 be defined by

𝑥 if 𝑥 ∈ [0,1] ∩ 𝑄
𝑓(𝑥) = { .
−𝑥 if 𝑥 ∈ [0,1] ∩ (𝑅 − 𝑄)
Prove that f is not integrable on [0,1].

2
3. (a) (i) Define an improper integral of the first kind.
(ii) Evaluate the integral
∞
1
∫ 𝑑𝑥
1 𝑥2 − 𝑥 + 1
(b) (i) State the Comparison Theorem for the improper integral of the first kind.
(ii) Does the following integral converge or diverge? Justify your answer.
∞ 1
∫0 𝑑𝑡
√𝑡− 𝑡

(c) (i) State the Asymptotic Comparison Theorem for the improper integral of the first kind.
(ii) Does the following integral converge or diverge? Justify your answer.
∞
𝑥1/3 + 5
∫ 𝑑𝑥
1 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 10

4. (a) (i) State and prove the nth term test for divergence.
(ii) Does the following series converge or diverge? Justify your answer.
∞
1 𝑛
∑ (1 + )
𝑛
𝑛=1
𝑎𝑛+1
(b) (i) Suppose 𝑎𝑛 ≠ 0 for 𝑛 > 𝑠𝑜𝑚𝑒 𝑛0, and lim | | = 𝐿 > 1 . Prove that ∑ 𝑎𝑛 is
𝑛→∞ 𝑎𝑛

divergent.
(ii) Prove that the following series is divergent.
∞
(−1)𝑛 2𝑛
∑
𝑛100
𝑛=1

(c) Suppose 𝑎𝑛 ∈ 𝑅 and ∑ 𝑎𝑛 converges. Does ∑ 𝑎𝑛4 converge? Justify your answer. Also
state any result you may use.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------