‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪Talamidi.

com‬‬

‫ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟــــﺢ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪1‬‬
‫‪ E‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, - 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( B , 3‬‬ ‫‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪( B , 1‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) ME‬‬ ‫‪MA + MB‬‬ ‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MG‬‬ ‫‪MA + MB‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = A :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪AE = AB :‬‬ ‫= ‪AG‬‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = A :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪AB :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪A‬‬

‫‪A‬‬

‫‪G‬‬

‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫= ‪ ٬ BG‬ﻟﻜﻨﻨﺎ‬ ‫´ ‪ :‬ﺇﺫﺍ ﺃﺧﺬﻧﺎ ‪ M = B :‬ﺳﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ ‪BA‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺳﻨﺠﺪ ‪ G‬ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻮﺿﻊ‬
‫‪ I‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 100‬ﻭ ) ‪( B , 100‬‬ ‫‪ K‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, - 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( B , 2‬‬
‫ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﻥ ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺎﻥ ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ I‬ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ]‪[AB‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MK‬‬ ‫‪MA + MB‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪A‬‬
‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = A :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪AK = 2 AB :‬‬
‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬

‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﻟﻬﻤﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ‬
‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺼﻠﻬﻤﺎ‬ ‫‪K‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﻹﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﻣﺘﺠﻬﻴﺔ ﺗﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺎﻹﻧﺸﺎء ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪ ٬‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺗﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺷﺎﻝ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪2‬‬
‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺔ ) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( C , 3‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MG‬‬ ‫‪GA + GB + GC‬‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ ‪ M = B :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ‪BG = BA + BC :‬‬
‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪G‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫= ‪ BE‬ﺛﻢ‬ ‫´ ‪ :‬ﻷﺟﻞ ﺍﻹﻧﺸﺎء ﺃﻧﺸﺄﻧﺎ ﺃﻭﻻ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ E‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪BA‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ F‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ BF = BC‬ﺛﻢ ﺃﻧﺸﺄﻧﺎ ‪ G‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪ BG = BE + BF‬ﺃﻱ ‪ BEGF‬ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﺍﻷﺿﻼﻉ‬

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 ‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪Talamidi.com‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪2‬‬

‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪ K‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺔ ) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪( B , 1‬‬ ‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ‬

‫) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( C , 3‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﺢ‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪G‬‬

‫) ‪ ( K ,3‬ﻭ ) ‪( C , 3‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﺢ‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪G‬‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ] ‪[CK‬‬
‫‪C‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪G‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MK‬‬ ‫‪MA + MB‬‬
‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪BK‬‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ ‪ M = B :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ‪BA :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬

‫‪A‬‬
‫ﻻ ﻳﺘﻐﻴﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻻﺣﻆ ﺃﻧﻪ ﺭﻏﻢ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺘﻴﻦ ﺇﻻ ﺃﻥ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪G‬‬ ‫‪:‬‬ ‫´‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪3‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺔ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( C , 1‬‬ ‫ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺜﻞ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺛﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺚ ‪ ABC‬ﺃﻱ ﻧﻘﻄﺔ ﺗﻘﺎﻃﻊ ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻄﺎﺗﻪ‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ‪G‬‬

‫‪G‬‬

‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻧﻘﻂ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻫﻮ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺛﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺚ ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﺭﺅﻭﺳﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪4‬‬
‫) ‪ ( C ,1‬ﻭ ) ‪( D , 1‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪ O‬ﻫﻮ ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺔ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( B , 1‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ‬

‫ﺃﻱ ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ‪OA + OB + OC + OD = 0 :‬‬

‫‪ O‬ﻫﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﻗﻄﺮﻳﻪ ] ‪ [AC‬ﻭ ]‪[BD‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ ABCD :‬ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﺃﺿﻼﻉ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻩ ‪O‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ OA + OC = 0 :‬ﻭ ‪ OB + OD = 0‬ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪OA + OB + OC + OD = OA + OC + OB + OD = 0 + 0 = :‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﺓ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪Talamidi.com‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪5‬‬
‫‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪( B , 1‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪ A‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( G , - 3‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , 1‬ﺃﻱ ﻧﺒﻴﻦ ‪- 3 AG + AB = 0 :‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , 1‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 2GA + GB = 0 :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪2GA + GA + AB = 0‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 3GA + AB = 0 :‬ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪- 3 AG + AB = 0 :‬‬

‫ﺃﻱ ﻧﺒﻴﻦ ‪- 6 BG + 4 BA = 0 :‬‬ ‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪ B‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( G , - 6‬ﻭ ) ‪( A,4‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪ 2GA + GB = 0‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪2 GB + BA + GB = 0‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , 1‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 2GB + 2 BA + GB = 0 :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 3GB + 2 BA = 0‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ - 3BG + 2 BA = 0‬ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪- 6 BG + 4 BA = 2 0 = 0 :‬‬

‫´ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺇﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﺓ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪6‬‬
‫‪٬‬‬ ‫‪ E‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 3‬ﻭ ) ‪( B , - 1‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪E‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) ME‬‬ ‫‪MA + MB‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫= ‪AE‬‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = A :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪AB :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ F‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A,1‬ﻭ ) ‪٬ ( B , - 3‬‬
‫‪B‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬
‫‪F‬‬ ‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MF‬‬ ‫‪MA +‬‬ ‫‪MB‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫= ‪AF‬‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = A :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪AB :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ‪ I :‬ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ]‪ [AB‬ﻭ ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪ I‬ﻫﻲ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ] ‪ [EF‬ﺃﻱ ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪IE + IF = 0‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻷﻭﻟﻰ‪:‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪IE + IF = IA + AE + IA + AF = 2 IA +‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪AB + AB = 2 IA + AB = 2 IA + AI + IB = IA + IB = 0 :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺼﻒ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻌﺘﻴﻦ ] ‪ [ AB‬ﻭ ] ‪[ EF‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ ﺍﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟـ ‪ M = I‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻌﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻟﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﻴﻦ ﻧﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪:‬‬
‫‪æ -1 3 ö‬‬ ‫‪æ 3 -1ö‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪IE + IF = ç‬‬ ‫‪+ ÷ IA + ç +‬‬ ‫‪÷ IB = IA + IB = 0‬‬ ‫= ‪ IF‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ IE = IA +‬ﻭ ‪IA + IB‬‬ ‫‪IB‬‬
‫‪è 2 2ø‬‬ ‫‪è2 2 ø‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻧﻔﺲ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﺘﺼﻒ ‪.‬‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﻟﻠﻘﻄﻌﺘﻴﻦ ] ‪ [ AB‬ﻭ ] ‪[ EF‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻧﺸﺎء ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﺢ ﻭ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪Talamidi.com‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪7‬‬

‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪ I‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( B ,2‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬

‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MI‬‬ ‫‪MA + MB‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪I‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪AI‬‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = A :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪AB :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬

‫‪K‬‬ ‫‪ J‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( C , 3‬ﻭ ) ‪( A, 1‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬

‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪G‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MJ‬‬ ‫‪MA + MC‬‬
‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫= ‪AJ‬‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = A :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪AC :‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪J‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪ K‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( B , 2‬ﻭ ) ‪( C , 3‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MK‬‬ ‫‪MB + MC‬‬
‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫= ‪BK‬‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = A :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪BC :‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( C , 3‬ﻭ ‪ I‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( B ,2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ) ‪ ( I , 3‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( C , 3‬ﺃﻱ ﺃﻥ ‪ G‬ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ] ‪[ IC‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎﺕ ) ‪ (CI‬ﻭ ) ‪ (BJ‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( AK‬ﻣﺘﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪G‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( C , 3‬ﻭ ‪ J‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( C , 3‬ﻭ ) ‪( A, 1‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ) ‪G Î (BJ‬‬ ‫) ‪ ( B, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪( J , 4‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪G‬‬
‫ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ‬
‫‪ 3‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( C , 3‬ﻭ ‪ K‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( B , 2‬ﻭ ) ‪( C , 3‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ) ‪ ( A,1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( K , 5‬ﺇﺫﻥ ) ‪G Î ( AK‬‬
‫ﻭ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ﺍﻟﺴﻠﺒﻖ ) ‪G Î (IC‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﺎﺕ ) ‪ (CI‬ﻭ ) ‪ (BJ‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( AK‬ﻣﺘﻼﻗﻴﺔ ﻓﻲ ‪G‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻌﻴﺔ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﺓ ﻓﻲ ﻛﺜﻴﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﺍﻫﻴﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ ﻛﺎﻓﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻫﺎﻥ ﻋﻦ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻷﻥ ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﻧﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺗﻜﻮﻥ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻣﻊ ﻫﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‪.‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪Talamidi.com‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪8‬‬

‫‪DE + 3 EC = 0‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫‪2 DA + DB = 0‬‬

‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ DE + 3 EC = 0‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪- ED + 3 EC = 0 :‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪2 DA + DB = 0‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ E :‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( D , - 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( C , 3‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ D :‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪( B ,1‬‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪2CA+ CB + 6CE = 0 :‬‬ ‫‪C‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺔ ‪{ ( A, 2 ) ; ( B ,1 ) ; ( E , 6 ) }:‬‬ ‫ﻟﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) ME‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪MD + MC :‬‬ ‫‪ E‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( D , - 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( C , 3‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫)‪(1‬‬ ‫= ‪CE‬‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = C :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪CD :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻭ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ D‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B ,1‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪MA + MB :‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MD‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = C :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪(2 ) CD = 2 CA + 1 CB :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪-1æ 2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪ö‬‬
‫= ‪ CE‬ﺃﻱ ‪6 CE = -2CA - CB :‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ ) ‪ ( 1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( 2‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ‪ CE = ç CA + CB ÷ :‬ﺃﻱ ‪CA - CB :‬‬
‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪6‬‬ ‫‪2 è3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪ø‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪2CA+ CB + 6CE = 0 :‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ ﺷﺎﻝ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﻄﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮﺓ ‪ ٬‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺍﻷﻣﺮ ﻳﺘﻄﻠﺐ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﻣﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺎﺕ ﻛﺜﻴﺮﺓ‪ ٬‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻳﺴﻤﺢ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻮﻗﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪ B‬ﻭ ‪ C‬ﻭ ‪H‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ H‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( E ,3‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﻮﺩ ‪ H‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪( E ,6‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪( H , 8 ) ; ( B ,1 ) :‬‬ ‫ﻓﺤﺴﺐ ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺠﻤﻴﻌﻴﺔ ‪ C‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ‬ ‫‪( A, 2 ) ; ( B ,1 ) ; ( E , 6 ) :‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ C‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪ B‬ﻭ ‪ C‬ﻭ ‪H‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﻟﻠﺒﺮﻫﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻻﺳﺘﻘﺎﻣﻴﺔ ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﻟﺒﺮﻫﺎﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺃﻥ ﺇﺣﺪﻯ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ﺍﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ ‪ ٬‬ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺃﻱ ﺷﻜﻞ‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪9‬‬
‫‪ O‬ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ] ‪ [ BC‬ﻭ ‪ H‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ } ) ‪{ ( C , 2 ) ; ( B , 2 ) ; ( A, - 1‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫= ‪OH‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪OA‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MH‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ H :‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ) ‪ ( C , 2 ) ; ( B , 2 ) ; ( A, - 1‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪MA + MB + MC‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫(‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫)‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = O :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪ OH = OA + OB + OC :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪OH = OA + OB + OC = OA :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫(‬ ‫‪ O‬ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ] ‪[ BC‬‬ ‫ﻟﻜﻮﻥ‬ ‫‪OB + OC = 0‬‬ ‫)ﻷﻥ‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻀﻤﻦ ﺍﻟﺠﺪﻳﺪ‬

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 ‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪Talamidi.com‬‬

‫ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ O‬ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ] ‪ [ HG‬ﺃﻱ ﻧﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪OH + OG = 0 :‬‬

‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺛﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺚ ‪ ABC‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ) ‪( C ,1 ) ; ( B ,1 ) ; ( A,1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻧﺠﺪ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ "M Î (P ) MG = MA + MB + MC :‬ﻧﺄﺧﺬ ‪M = O :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪OG = OA + OB + OC = OA + OB + OC = OA‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ‪OH + OG = OA + OA = 0 :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪10‬‬
‫) ‪ ( C , 3‬ﻭ ) ‪( D ,-2‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪F‬‬ ‫) ‪ ( C , 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( B ,2‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪E‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪"M Î (P ) MF = MC +‬‬ ‫‪MD‬‬ ‫= ‪"M Î (P ) ME‬‬ ‫‪MC + MB‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = D :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪DF = 3DC :‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = B :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪BE = BC :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬

‫‪E‬‬

‫‪D‬‬ ‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪F‬‬

‫ﻭ ) ‪ ( F ,-1‬ﺃﻱ ﻧﺒﻴﻦ ‪3 AE - AF = 0 :‬‬ ‫) ‪( E ,3‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ‪A‬‬

‫(‬ ‫()‬ ‫)‬
‫= ‪3 AE - AF = 3 AB + BE - AD + DF = 3 AB + 3BE - AD - DF‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪= 3 DC + 3 ´ BC - BC - 3DC‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪=0‬‬

‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪ A‬ﻭ ‪ E‬ﻭ ‪F‬‬

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‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪11‬‬
‫) ‪ ( A, 2‬ﻭ ) ‪( B ,1‬‬ ‫ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪F‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ E‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺰﻧﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( C , - 3‬ﻭ ) ‪( B ,1‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪-3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) MF‬‬ ‫‪MA + MB‬‬ ‫= ‪"M Î (P ) ME‬‬ ‫‪MC +‬‬ ‫‪MB‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪-2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫= ‪BF‬‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = B :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪BA :‬‬ ‫= ‪BE‬‬ ‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = B :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪BC :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪B‬‬
‫‪1‬‬

‫‪F‬‬

‫‪C‬‬
‫‪A‬‬

‫‪E‬‬
‫ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ) ‪(CF ) // ( AE‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪AE = AB + BE‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫(‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫)‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪ BF = BA :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ BA = BF‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪FB + BC = FB + BC = FC :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ) ‪(CF ) // ( AE‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪12‬‬
‫ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ F‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺛﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺚ ‪ADC‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ E‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺛﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺚ ‪ABC‬‬
‫) ‪ ( A,1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( D ,1‬ﻭ ) ‪(C ,1‬‬ ‫) ‪ ( A,1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B ,1‬ﻭ ) ‪(C ,1‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪:‬‬

‫‪(*) "M Î (P ) MF = 1 MA + 1 MD + 1 MC‬‬

‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ )‪(EF ) // (BD‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫= ‪EF‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﻧﺄﺧﺬ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺴﺎﻭﻳﺔ )*( ‪ M = E :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪EC + ED + EC :‬‬

‫‪EA+ EC = - ED = DE‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪EA+ EB + EC = 0‬‬ ‫ﻓﺈﻥ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ E‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ) ‪ ( A,1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B ,1‬ﻭ ) ‪(C ,1‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺑﻤﺎ ﺃﻥ‬

‫= ‪EF‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫(‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫( )‬‫‪1‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻪ‪EC + ED + EC = EA + EC + ED = DE + EC = DC :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫( )‬ ‫)‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪(EF ) // (BD) :‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻳﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﺓ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ‪.‬‬

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‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪13‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫= ‪ AE‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 5 AE = -2 AB :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 5 AE + 2 AB = 0 :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪5 AE + 2 AE + EB = 0 :‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪AB‬‬ ‫·‬

‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 5 AE + 2 AE + 2 EB = 0 :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 7 AE + 2 EB = 0 :‬ﻣﻨﻪ‪- 7 EA + 2 EB = 0 :‬‬

‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ‪ E‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A,-7‬ﻭ ) ‪( B ,2‬‬
‫‪ I‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( B ,1‬ﻭ ) ‪( C ,1‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬ ‫‪ I‬ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ] ‪[ BC‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‬ ‫·‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪7‬‬
‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫= ‪ CF‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 9 CF = 7 CA‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 9 CF - 7 CA = 0 :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪9 CF - 7 CF + FA = 0 :‬‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫· ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪CA‬‬

‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 9 CF - 7 CF - 7 FA = 0 :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 2 CF - 7 FA = 0 :‬ﻣﻨﻪ‪- 2 FC - 7 FA = 0 :‬‬

‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻳﻌﻨﻲ ﺃﻥ ‪ E‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( C ,-2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ) ( A, - 7‬ﺃﻭ ﺃﻳﻀﺎ ) ‪ ( C , 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( A, 7‬ﺧﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺼﻤﻮﺩ (‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺒﻴﻦ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪ E‬ﻭ ‪ I‬ﻭ ‪F‬‬
‫‪-7‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫= ‪"M Î (P ) ME‬‬ ‫‪MA +‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ E‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ) ‪ ( A,-7‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B ,2‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪MB :‬‬
‫‪-5‬‬ ‫‪-5‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ F‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ) ‪ ( C , 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( A, 7‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ‪"M Î (P ) MF = MC + MA :‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪ 2‬ﻧﺄﺧﺬ‪ M = I :‬ﻓﻨﺠﺪ ﺃﻥ‪ IE = IA - IB :‬ﻭ ‪IF = IC + IA‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬ ‫‪5‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬ ‫‪7‬‬
‫= ‪IF‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ I‬ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ] ‪ [ BC‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ IC = - IB :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪IB + IA :‬‬
‫‪9‬‬ ‫‪9‬‬
‫‪5‬‬
‫ﻭ ‪ 5 IE = 7 IA - 2 IB‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 9 IF = 5 IE :‬ﺃﻱ ‪IF = IE‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪9 IF = -2 IB + 7 IA :‬‬
‫‪9‬‬
‫ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪ E‬ﻭ ‪ I‬ﻭ ‪F‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﺍﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﻳﺴﺎﻋﺪ ﻓﻲ ﺇﻳﺠﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻔﻜﺮﺓ ﺃﺣﻴﺎﻧﺎ‪.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪14‬‬
‫) ‪C (3 , 2‬‬ ‫ﻭ‬ ‫) ‪ A( 3 ,4‬ﻭ ) ‪B( 0 , 2‬‬
‫‪ì‬‬ ‫‪xB + xC 3‬‬
‫‪æ3‬‬ ‫‪ö‬‬ ‫‪ï‬‬ ‫= ‪ï xE‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫=‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫÷ ‪Eç ; 2‬‬ ‫‪ í‬ﻣﻨﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ E‬ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ] ‪[ BC‬‬
‫‪è2‬‬ ‫‪ø‬‬ ‫‪ïy = B‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪4‬‬
‫‪ïî E‬‬ ‫‪= =2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪ì‬‬ ‫‪2 x + xA 3 + 3‬‬
‫‪ï‬‬ ‫‪xG = E‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪=2‬‬
‫‪æ 8ö‬‬ ‫‪ï‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪ í‬ﻣﻨﻪ‪Gç 2 ; ÷ :‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪ G :‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ) ‪ ( E , 2‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( A,1‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪è 3ø‬‬ ‫‪ï y = 2 yE + y A = 4 + 4 = 8‬‬
‫‪ïî G‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3‬‬
‫‪8‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫(‬
‫= ‪det OG , OE‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ‪ OEæç 3 ; 2 ö÷ :‬ﻭ ÷‪ OGæç 2 ; 8 ö‬ﻭ ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪3 = 2 ´ 2 - 8 ´ 3 = 4 - 4 = 0 :‬‬
‫‪3‬‬ ‫‪3 2‬‬ ‫‪è 3ø‬‬ ‫‪è2 ø‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ‪ O :‬ﻭ ‪ G‬ﻭ ‪ C‬ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ì‬‬ ‫‪a xA + b xB + ... + l xK‬‬
‫= ‪ï xG‬‬ ‫‪a + b + ... + l‬‬
‫‪ï‬‬
‫‪í‬‬ ‫´ ‪ :‬ﺗﺬﻛﻴﺮ‪ :‬ﺇﺣﺪﺍﺛﻴﺘﺎ ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ) ‪ ( A, a‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , b‬ﻭ ‪ ...‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( K , l‬ﻫﻲ ‪:‬‬
‫= ‪ïy‬‬ ‫‪a‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪b‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪...‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬ ‫‪l‬‬ ‫‪y‬‬‫‪K‬‬
‫‪G‬‬
‫‪îï‬‬ ‫‪a + b + ... + l‬‬

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 ‫ﺗﻢ ﺗﺤﻤﻴﻞ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻤﻠﻒ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ ‪Talamidi.com‬‬
‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪15‬‬

‫‪AM = BC‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺤﺪﺩ ) ‪ (E1‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪M‬‬

‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ AM = BC :‬ﺗﻌﻨﻲ ‪ AM = BC :‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ) ‪ (E1‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ ‪ A‬ﻭ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻬﺎ ‪R = BC‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫)‪(E1‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪r=BC‬‬

‫‪B‬‬
‫‪C‬‬

‫‪BM = AB - AC‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺤﺪﺩ ) ‪ (E 2‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪M‬‬

‫ﺃﻱ ‪BM = BC :‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ AB - AC = AB + CA = CA + AB = CB :‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪BM = CB :‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ) ‪ (E 2‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ ‪ B‬ﻭ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻬﺎ ‪R = BC‬‬

‫‪A‬‬
‫)‪(E2‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪r‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬
‫‪C‬‬

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‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪15‬‬

‫‪4 CM = AB + AC‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺤﺪﺩ ) ‪ (E1‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪M‬‬

‫)‪(E3‬‬
‫‪r‬‬ ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺍﺯﻱ ﺃﺿﻼﻉ(‬ ‫ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ D‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪) AB + AC = AD‬ﺃﻱ ‪ABDC‬‬
‫‪C‬‬ ‫‪D‬‬
‫‪AD‬‬
‫= ‪CM‬‬ ‫= ‪ 4 CM‬ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪AD‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ 3‬ﻣﻨﻪ ‪4 CM = AD :‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪AD‬‬
‫=‪R‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ) ‪ (E 3‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ ‪C‬‬
‫‪4‬‬
‫‪r‬‬
‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪B‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ ‪16‬‬

‫ﻟﻨﺤﺪﺩ ) ‪ (z‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪ M‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ‪MA + MB + MC = 6 :‬‬

‫(‬ ‫ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ( B , 1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ) ( C , 1‬ﺃﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺛﻘﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﻠﺚ ‪ABC‬‬
‫‪ 1‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ ‪"M Î (P ) 3MG = MA + MB + MC‬‬
‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 3 MG = 6 :‬ﺃﻱ ‪ 3 MG = 6‬ﺃﻱ ‪MG = 2‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ) ‪ (z‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ ‪ G‬ﻭ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻬﺎ ‪r = 2‬‬
‫‪MA + MB = MB + MC‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺤﺪﺩ ) ‪ (D‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪M‬‬
‫ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ I‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ) ( B , 1‬ﺃﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ]‪[AB‬‬
‫(‬
‫ﻭ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ J‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ) ‪ ( B ,1‬ﻭ ) ‪ ) ( C ,1‬ﺃﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﺼﻒ ] ‪( [BC‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪"M Î (P ) 2 MJ = MB + MC‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ ‪ "M Î (P ) 2 MI = MA + MB‬ﻭ‬

‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪ 2 MI = 2 MJ :‬ﺃﻱ ‪ 2 MI = 2 MJ‬ﺃﻱ ‪MI = MJ‬‬

‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ ) ‪ (D‬ﻫﻮ ﻭﺍﺳﻂ ﺍﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ ] ‪[IJ‬‬
‫= ‪MA + 3 MB‬‬ ‫ﻟﻨﺤﺪﺩ )‪ (L‬ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻂ ‪ M‬ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﻘﻖ ‪MB - MC :‬‬
‫ﻧﻌﺘﺒﺮ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ G‬ﻣﺮﺟﺢ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺘﻴﻦ ) ‪ ( A, 1‬ﻭ ) ‪( B ,3‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺣﺴﺐ ﺍﻟﺨﺎﺻﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻤﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻤﺮﺟﺢ ‪"M Î (P ) 4 MG = MA + 3MB‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫‪BC‬‬
‫= ‪MG‬‬ ‫ﺃﻱ‬ ‫‪ 4 MG = MB + CM‬ﺃﻱ ‪4 MG = CB‬‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪BC‬‬
‫=‪r‬‬ ‫ﻭ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻬﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ )‪ (L‬ﻫﻲ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺋﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﺘﻲ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ ‪G‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫´ ‪ :‬ﻟﻢ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺭﺳﻢ ﺍﻷﺷﻜﺎﻝ ﻧﻈﺮﺍ ﻟﻜﻮﻧﻨﺎ ﺗﻄﺮﻗﻨﺎ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻻ ﺣﻆ ﺃﻧﻨﺎ ﺳﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﺢ ﻟﻜﻲ ﻳﺘﻢ ﺗﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﺍﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﺠﻬﻲ ﺩﺍﺧﻞ ﺭﻣﺰ ﺍﻟﻤﻨﻈﻢ‪ ٬‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﻭ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻝ ﻛﺎﻥ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻉ ﺍﻟﻤﻌﺎﻣﻼﺕ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻌﺪﻣﺎ)ﻛﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻝ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺜﺎﻝ ﺍﻷﺧﻴﺮ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻳﻜﻮﻥ ﻣﻤﻜﻨﺎ ﺗﺒﺴﻴﻂ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺘﻌﺒﻴﺮ ﺩﻭﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻤﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻤﺮﺟﺢ(‬

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