A. Directions: Define the following terms.

1. Disaster – it is a sudden calamitous event bringing great damage, loss, or destruction.

2. Risk – it is the probability that exposure to a hazard will lead to a negative consequence.
3. Hazard – it is anything that poses a threat to health, life, property, or the environment.
4. Vulnerability – it is the diminished capacity of an individual or group to anticipate, cope with, resist
and recover from the impact of a disaster.
5. Exposure – it is the state of being exposed to contact with something.

Define the elements at risk for hazard and give one example for each.

6. Physical – these are factors or conditions within the environment that can harm one’s health.
(Example: radiation)
7. Social – it seriously limits a population’s access to health services, water, food, and transportation,
all of which are determinants of health.
(Example: violence)
8. Environmental – it is a substance, state, or event which has the potential to threaten the
surrounding natural environment.
(Example: storms)
9. Economic – it threatens macroeconomic conditions like exchange rates, government regulation, or
political stability will affect an investment, usually one in a foreign country.
(Example: inflation)
10. Explain below how you can reduce these risks in cases of:
a) Earthquake – we cannot prevent earthquakes from occurring but we can significantly
mitigate their effects by identifying hazards, building safer structures, preparing an
emergency kit, and creating a disaster plan.
b) Tsunami – tsunamis are beyond human control and the only thing we can do is to minimize
its harmful effects by understanding site conditions, knowing the warning signs, assembling
emergency preparedness kit, and creating a household evacuation plan.
c) Volcanic Eruption – volcanoes erupting can be unpredictable; several strategies are used
to reduce the risk which includes educating the people, making a survival kit, establishing
family communications plan, and mapping an evacuation route.
B. Do you think you are relatively well prepared when a disaster might affect your community either natural or
man-made as well as to its effects? List down five (5) important things that you need to prepare in order to
lessen the possible danger that you and your family might encounter when a disaster strikes. Explain your
answers briefly.
1. Knowing our risks. Listing potential emergencies and ranking them in regards to importance and
likelihood is essential to knowing what to do and what resources to invest. Using a risk matrix to
evaluate all the potential emergencies our household may face will give us a head start on many things.
2. Assembling a disaster survival kit. A disaster survival kit includes supplies my family might need to
survive in the event of a disaster. It should be easy to carry and can be used at home in case we must
evacuate during an emergency.
3. Organizing communication plan. When a disaster strikes, my family might not be together and
communication channels might be down. It is important to plan how we will contact one another and
discuss how we will communicate in different disaster situations.
4. Mapping a household evacuation route. An evacuation is the immediate and urgent movement away
from a hazard. We might not have much time to evacuate when a disaster strikes, which is why it is
important to have a plan in place to get my family out of danger quickly and efficiently.
5. Educating ourselves. The only way to know if a plan can work is to implement it, evaluate it and revise
it as appropriate. Emergency response rehearsals and trainings test the plan's assumptions and
procedures. Rehearsals will expose both the strengths and weaknesses in a preparedness plan.