Rijk Zwaan in Africa | Product Catalogue

Rijk Zwaan’s descriptions, illustrations, growing advice and any other information in whatever form for example on expiry,
sowing, planting and harvesting dates are based as precisely as possible on experiences in trials and in practice. However,
Rijk Zwaan does not accept in any case liability for damages resulting from the use of such descriptions, illustrations, growing
advice and information. The buyer/user itself is responsible for proper storage of the seeds and will be deemed to determine
whether the products and growing advice are suitable to be used for the intended cultivations and under the local conditions.
The pictures in this catalogue show the types to which the varieties as mentioned belong and not all varieties as such.
These pictures do not constitute any warranty, express or implied, of crop performance.

Rijk Zwaan | Burg. Crezéelaan 40 | De Lier The Netherlands | www.rijkzwaan.com

Product Catalogue

Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Welcome to
Rijk Zwaan in Africa
Dear customer,
We are proud to present to you our
new dedicated catalogue for Africa.
This catalogue provides an overview of
Rijk Zwaan varieties that are suitable for
the wide range of growing circumstances
and market needs in this continent.
Africa is the centre of attention right
now. More and more, companies
and governments are discovering the
possibilities of this enormous and diverse
continent. Rijk Zwaan has been active in
Africa since 2002 and we are pleased to
see that more than fifteen years ago we
established ourselves in a region that is
now developing so rapidly.
Those African countries with a growing
middle class and those countries that are
already in an export position are showing
growth figures higher than in many other
regions. At the same time farmers in
many areas are working to master the
basics of growing vegetables in the most
productive way for their local markets.
Each country in Africa has its own story to
tell and Rijk Zwaan wants to share in all
of them.
Rijk Zwaan realises that to suit all the
different African markets, good varieties
alone are not enough. We work with a
team of experienced crop advisors and
product development specialists. They
are right at the heart of the market and
can give you expert advice, tailored to
local circumstances. We always refine
and improve our assortment and services,
based on wishes of our customers. That’s
why we are eager to hear your individual
wishes. With that aim in mind we would
also be very happy to meet you personally
at one of our demo fields.
I wish you lots of success in choosing your
varieties, and look forward to meeting you!
Edwin van der Klugt
Business Manager Africa

2 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

Content

Fruit crops
Rootstock
Fruit crops Leaf crops Information
Cucumber 14 Endive 39 Welcome to Rijk Zwaan in Africa 2
Eggplant 16 Lettuce 40 General Terms and Conditions and

Root crops
Hot Pepper 20 Marketing Statement 3
Melon 22 Others Our identity 4
Watermelon 25 Blanched Celery 49 Our mission 5
Sweet Pepper 26 Leek 49 Partner in every production region 6
Tomato 28 Radish 49 Rijk Zwaan Afrisem 8
Kohlrabi 49 Seeds for organic vegetable production 10
Rootstock Spinach 49 Safe use of treated sead 50

Brassica
Solanaceae 32 Swiss Chard 49 Planting guide and Plant spacing 51
Cucurbitaceae 32 Corn Salad 49 ESA product specifications
Capsicum 32 for vegetable precision seeds 52
ISF resistance definitions 54
Root crops Resistance codes 56
Beetroot 33 Contact 58
Carrot 34

Leaf crops
Brassica Legend Rijk Zwaan icons
Broccoli 35 = High Resistance
Cabbage 36 = Intermediate Resistance
Cauliflower 38 = BlueLeaf
The BlueLeaf varieties offer the
grower a more healthy and green
Others

crop in unheated cultivation.

General Terms and Conditions, and Marketing & Sales Statement

General terms and conditions are applicable to each order and sale of Rijk Zwaan and its affiliated companies. You can find these terms and conditions, as well as our
Marketing & Sales Statement via www.rijkzwaan.com and we will send our terms and conditions and our Marketing & Sales statement to you upon your request.

Product Catalogue 3
 Our identity

Rijk Zwaan is a family owned company, established by

our founder Mr Rijk Zwaan, in 1924. The last decades
have been characterised by a fast international
expansion and an increasing role for research. The
current board of directors consists of Ben Tax, Kees
Reinink and Marco van Leeuwen.

Rijk Zwaan has a unique company culture, based on

our primary goal: to offer every employee an enjoyable,
long-term job with good working conditions. Part of this
culture is a careful selection when hiring new employees,
focusing on a good cooperation between each other and
involved employees. A key element of the Rijk Zwaan
company culture is an entrepreneurial spirit, with plenty
of room for creativity and innovation. We also stand for
friendly, open and clear contact with each other, and
with our partners.

4 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

Our mission

Especially for the last 25 years Rijk Zwaan

showed an increasing growth. This is
Together with our partners
not a goal in itself, it serves the wish of
management and owners to stay an
independent family company, for the very
we want to actively contribute
long term.
Rijk Zwaan grows because we see
chances. The world’s population is
to the world’s food supply
growing rapidly and the resources are
limited. These developments are reflected
to a greater extent in the African markets.
and stimulate
This presents both opportunities and
challenges. With our highly motivated
employees’ extensive experience and our vegetable consumption
numerous long-term collaborative
partnerships as the basis, we are keen to
make our contribution to a healthy future by laying the foundations
in Africa.

for healthy and

appealing vegetables.
Product Catalogue 5
 Partner in every production region
‘Focus on the long term’

Rijk Zwaan is active over the
whole African continent, either
directly or indirectly. Because the
differences between countries are
vast, Rijk Zwaan uses a segmented
approach. Professional breeding,
product development and a
commercial strategy is the base
in every segment , supported by
professional advise, training, demos
and digital services.
. such as having to grow crops in saline
The latest Rijk Zwaan subsidiary on the
African continent was established in
South Africa in 2015. The vegetable sector
in this country is developing strongly.
That enables us to really work on chain
management now, which we already do
in many other parts of Africa and the rest
of the world. Furthermore, Rijk Zwaan
South Africa will also be the base from
which we can cover other countries in
Southern Africa, supported by dedicated
distributors in several countries.
Specific varieties
In North Africa countries like Algeria
and Egypt have enormous potential.
The Northern countries face challenges
soils, a situation for which Rijk Zwaan is
developing specific varieties.
Trials and partners
In West Africa, growing conditions are
on the whole excellent, but the quality
of cultivation varies considerably. The
potential of this part of Africa is huge,
since the greater part is still waiting to be
cultivated.
Rijk Zwaan is building up a strong
distribution network in Africa. We have
partners conducting trials with our newest
material, and we try to offer local services
and events supporting the customers. In
this way we are developing a tailormade
assortment suited for each country. The
varieties are partly bred in East Africa, but
also in other parts of the world.
Of course, this also needs the right
varieties and those are partly already
being developed in East Africa.

6 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

Quickly growing
In East Africa Rijk Zwaan’s research and
production facilities have been growing
very quickly over the last decade. In 2008
Rijk Zwaan Afrisem was founded (see
page 8), as a breeding company.
Only hybrid varieties
Although we have opted for a segmented
approach, in all regions we have very
consciously chosen to develop only
hybrid varieties. Although the market for
open pollinated varieties (OPV’s) is still
enormous, we choose to focus on the
long term.
Growers who use hybrid seeds dare
to choose for serious investments.
Their choice also means that they have
prospects of higher yields and better
quality. We focus on growers who want to
Product Catalogue
create a market for themselves, and are Development Specialists travel from
able to do so - growers who appreciate grower to grower, organise demos and
our professional approach and who communicate by SMS or other digital
demand the same high standards for seed services to spread crop tips and to
quality as anywhere else in the world. share successful approaches of fellow
growers. In the long term, a widespread
Knowledge transfer network of well skilled growers, large and
Choosing to offer hybrids does not mean small, will develop the huge potential of
that Rijk Zwaan only pays attention to the continent. That’s what Rijk Zwaan
larger growers. Many smaller farmers see believes, is committed to and is working
the advantages of hybrid varieties and on.
growing vegetables of a higher standard.
Rijk Zwaan pays a lot of attention to
knowledge transfer to support farmers
who want to grow vegetables in a
professional way. We do that through
the activities of our own Product
Development Specialists as well as
within collaborative projects like the
public-private project SEVIA. Our Product
7
 Rijk Zwaan Afrisem
‘Active in Africa, for Africa

Rijk Zwaan Afrisem in Tanzania has
been developing varieties specifically
for the African market since 2008 In
doing so, we aim to provide the local
African horticultural sector in the key
regions with many hybrid varieties.
Rijk Zwaan has been active in the African Tailored to local needs
horticultural sector for several years. In Like all of Rijk Zwaan’s subsidiaries,
Tanzania it started in 2002 with hybrid Rijk Zwaan Afrisem is located at the
vegetable seed production. Together heart of the target market. This enables
with the company East West Seeds, the development of varieties which are
experienced in tropical regions of Asia, perfectly tailored to local needs, both
we took the first exploratory steps in the in terms of the climatic conditions and
market by testing a lot of vegetables for market requirements.
suitability for Africa.
This initiative evolved and resulted in the
foundation of Rijk Zwaan Afrisem in 2008,
with the primary aim being to provide the
local African horticultural sector in the key
regions with as many hybrid
varieties as possible in the long term.

8 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

a’
In addition to factors such as production
and shelf life, resistances to pests and
diseases are especially important.
Resistances mean that fewer pesticides
are used which not only results in cost
savings but also enables crops to be
grown sustainably and the available
farmland to be utilised more effectively.
Product Catalogue
Four crops, hundred people
In only ten years the work of Rijk Zwaan Afrisem in Tanzania has resulted in
four crops especially bred for growing conditions and market demands in
East Africa.
Initially, Rijk Zwaan Afrisem’s breeding programme is focused on developing
African eggplant, tomato, kale and hot pepper. In addition, varieties from
Rijk Zwaan’s regular assortment are being evaluated in terms of their
suitability for cultivation in the key regions.
Currently, RZ Afrisem employs around hundred people, including Product
Development Specialists, Sales Support Specialists, a Trials and Demo
coordinator a Chain Development Specialist and a Market Linkage Specialist.
9
 Seeds for organic
vegetable production
Consumer interest in organic
At Rijk Zwaan, we regard the organic
sector as a growing and profitable market
over the next decade. In every part of the
world, including in Africa, consumers are
more and more conscious of where their
food comes from and how it is produced.
People are taking a rising interest
in healthy food, food safety and the
environmental impact of their food.
10
This increasing consumer awareness
is a key reason for growers to choose
to produce organic vegetables – in
combination with their own intrinsic
motivation, of course. The two sides
are closely interlinked; as ever-more
professional growers turn to organic
cultivation practices, consumers continue
to drive demand for organic produce.
Enormous potential
In Africa there is enormous potential for
organic production. The acreage is still
small (accounting for just three percent
of the worldwide acreage of organic
agriculture, according to the FiBL Survey
2016) but it is expanding steadily. At the
same time, the demand for organic food
is increasing rapidly (with tremendous
double-digit growth in recent years).
This presents an ideal opportunity for
growers to act now and secure themselves
a share of this fast-growing market by
switching to a more sustainable approach
to vegetable production. Growers often
obtain increased revenue as organic
vegetables fetch higher prices.
Rijk Zwaan in Africa
Rijk Zwaan - Experienced partner
Trying something relatively new can
be a risk, but not when you have such
an experienced partner as Rijk Zwaan
by your side. When you decide to start What do we offer organic growers?
organic production, you will be in safe
hands with us. Here are just some of the • Wide assortment of excellent varieties for organic cultivation
reasons why: • High level of natural resistances
• Organic seeds and non-chemically treated seeds
25 years of experience • Technical production advice and guidance
We have been working towards • Matching today’s markets
developing organically produced
vegetable seeds since 1992.

Product Catalogue 11
 Seeds for organic
vegetable production
Wide range
We have a wide range of vegetable
seeds which fully meet the organic
seed requirements as recognized by all
European certification bodies and the
NOP/USDA certification for the USA. Those
seeds are organically produced. We also
have a broad range of non-chemically
treated (NCT) seeds. We constantly invest
significant effort into further extending
our range.
12
Strong crops
We offer special varieties that have
strong vigour, are productive and, above
all, are resistant against many diseases
and pests. All our vegetables for organic
production are characterized by a good
flavour, high quality and long shelf life,
ensuring a successful growing season.
We develop these based on our many
decades of experience and up-to-date
knowledge of organic production
methods, the organic market and relevant
legislation.
Special attention
We breed seeds for the total vegetable
market, but we believe it is important
to pay special attention to organic
production. After all, the organic approach
demands specific varieties with good
resistances plus alignment with other
consumer preferences. That’s why our
breeders always take into account the
specific wishes of this customer group
in their selection work. For example, the
Blueleaf cucumber varieties – which are
recognizable by their dark-green leaves –
have a naturally strong resistance. Details
of all the seeds that can be used in
organic cultivation can be found in our
dedicated organic catalogue which you
can download on our website. Go to the
following link: https://www.rijkzwaan.
com/solutions/organic.
Rijk Zwaan in Africa
Broad knowledge
Over the past decades, our company
has built up extensive knowledge about
vegetable seeds for African markets and Regulation
climates. At Rijk Zwaan we don’t just sell
seeds, but we also support our clients Rijk Zwaan is registered by SKAL and USDA/NOP, for products
with advice. Our crop advisors and (seeds) and the process (seed cleaning, sorting and packing).
product development specialists know all
about growing vegetables in Africa, about
switching to organic production methods
and about the special requirements when
growing for the organic market.

Product Catalogue 13
 Cucumber

Cucumber Long

Bologna RZ F1
Cca/Ccu/Px (ex Sf)
• Long cucumber
• Average fruit length: 34 – 38 cm
• Heavy fruit
• Good plant vigour
• Strong against burnt heads
• Powdery Mildew resistant

Cucumber Long Cucumber Slicer

Boreal RZ F1 Massa RZ F1
Ccu Cca/Ccu
CVYV/Px (ex Sf) CMV
• Long cucumber • Slicer cucumber
• Average fruit length: 32 – 35 cm • Average fruit length : 19-24 cm
• Strong plant vigour • Strong growing variety
• Dark green leaf • Dark green leaves
• Very healthy plant • Good length/thickness ratio
• Small leaf type • Parthenocarpic variety
• Powdery Mildew resistant • Uniform fruit setting
• Highly productive variety • Bitter free

14 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Fruit crops
Cucumber

Cucumber Slicer

Mydas RZ F1
Ccu/Px (ex Sf)
CMV/CVYV
• Slicer cucumber
• Average fruit length: 22 cm
• Very productive
• For indoor and open field cultivation
• Dark green fruit
• Parthenocarpic variety
• Good vigour of the plant
• High quality fruit

Cucumber Mini Cucumber Mini

Larino RZ F1 Multistar RZ F1
Ccu/Px (ex Sf) Ccu/Px (ex Sf)
• Snack cucumber CMV/CVYV/PRSV/WMV/ZYMV
• Open plant type with short side shoots • Mini cucumber
• Small leaf size • Fruit length: 15 – 17 cm
• No side shoots development, less pruning required • 2 – 3 fruits per nodes
• Early variety with a good setting • Powdery Mildew resistant
• Small, uniform, shiny fruits with middle green fruit • Strong plant with medium size leaves
colour • Good fruit shape
• To pick in stage of 35-50 gr
• Tasty, crispy and good shelf life
• Average fruit length : 8-10 cm

Product Catalogue 15
 Eggplant

Eggplant Round Eggplant Oval

Fantastic RZ F1
• Round eggplant
• For outdoor production
• Easy fruit setting variety
• Well balanced plant type
• Uniform dark fruit colour
• Very firm fruits
• High production
Sharapova RZ F1
• Oval eggplant
• For indoor and outdoor production
• Easy setting variety
• Well balanced plant type
• Good firmness of the fruit
• Nice fruit colour

Eggplant Long

Brigitte RZ F1
• Long eggplant
• For outdoor and indoor cultivation
• Well balanced plant type
• Good dark fruit colour
• Very productive
• Firm fruits
• Spineless calyx

16 Rijk Zwaan in Africa


African Eggplant Round
Kerio RZ F1 (90-103 RZ F1)
• Bitter African eggplant
• Ribbed round shape
• White cream colour
• Early and productive
• Good shelf life
• High yield
African Eggplant Oval
Kazinga RZ F1 (90-205 RZ F1)
• Sweet African eggplant
• Oval shape
• Attractive white cream colour
• Early and high yield potential
• Good shelf life
Product Catalogue
Fruit crops
Eggplant
African Eggplant Round
Limpopo RZ F1 (90-101 RZ F1)
• Bitter African eggplant
• Round shape
• White cream colour
• Early and productive
• Good shelf life
• Dark green leaves
• Good resistance level to insects and spider mites
17
 Hot Pepper

Hot Pepper Habanero peppers Red Hot Pepper Habanero peppers Red

Lengai RZ F1 Afadja RZ F1
Tm:0 Tm:0
• Habanero pepper • Habanero pepper
• For outdoor and indoor production • For outdoor and indoor production
• Good uniformity and vigour • Upright growth habit
• Nice red colour when mature • Good uniformity and vigour
• Fruit shape slightly blocky • Attractive shiny red colour when mature
• Average length of fruits : 4.5 cm • Fruit shape oval
• Average weight of fruits : 13 gr • Average length of fruits : 5.5 cm
• Aromatic, high pungency • Average weight of fruits : 15 gr
• Maturity in days after transplanting : 50 - 55 • Aromatic, high pungency
• Adapted for long cycles • Maturity in days after transplanting : 50 - 55
• Good continuation • Early variety with high yield
• Early variety with high yield • Adapted for long cycles
• Good continuation

18 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Fruit crops
Hot Pepper

Rijk Zwaan Habanero peppers – hot and aromatic - bred in Africa

Hot Pepper Habanero peppers Yellow

Loleza RZ F1
Tm:0
• For outdoor and indoor production
• Upright growth habit
• High uniformity and vigour
• Attractive yellow colour when mature
• Light green colour when immature
• Fruit shape blocky
• Average length of fruits: 5cm
• Average weight of fruits: 9 gr
• Aromatic, high pungency
• Maturity in days after transplanting : 60 - 65
• Good continuation
• Adapted for long cycles
• * For trial purposes only, not for commercial use

Product Catalogue 19
 Hot Pepper

Hot Pepper Bull Horn

Boomer RZ F1
Tm:0,2
Pc
• Bull Horn type
• Light green colour
• Good fruit setting
• Medium hot
• Average fruit length: 20 – 24 cm
• Average fruit weight: 80 – 120 gr

20 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Fruit crops
Hot Pepper

Hot Pepper Mediterranean

Habib RZ F1
Tm:0-2
• Mediterranean type
• Conical shape
• Medium green colour
• Good plant vigour
• Medium hot
• Good fruit setting
• Average fruit length: 15 cm

Hot Pepper Serrano

Mextizo RZ F1
Tm:0-2
• Serrano pepper
• For outdoor production
• Very uniform fruit shape
• Well balanced plant type
• Good production
• Thick flesh
• Good continuation in production
• Average fruit length: 10 – 12 cm

Product Catalogue 21
 Melon

Melon Charentais

Grappelli RZ F1 (34-410)
Fom:0,1
Gc (ex Ec):1/Px (ex Sf):2,3, 3.5 ,5/Ag
• Charentais type
• Good fruit setting
• Open plant habit
• Concentrated and early production
• Uniform round fruit with good netting
• Good resistance pattern

Melon Charentais

Ellington RZ F1
Fom:0,1,2
Gc (ex Ec):1/Px (ex Sf):2,3,5/Ag
• Charentais type
• Orange flesh
• Good plant vigour
• Good fruit setting in various climate conditions
• Semi-concentrated harvest
• Uniform fruits size
• Nice netting
• Good brix content

22 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Fruit crops
Melon

Melon Piel de Sapo

Mabel RZ F1
MNSV/Fom:0,1,2
Gc (ex Ec):1/Px (ex Sf):2,5
• Piel de Sapo type
• Balanced plant
• Medium vigour
• Adaptable, easy setting
• Clear white flesh
• Excellent fruit quality

Melon Yellow

Ducral RZ F1
Fom:0,2
Gc (ex Ec):1/Px (ex Sf):2,5
• Yellow canary type
• White flesh
• Oval fruit shape
• Strong plant
• Good leaf coverage
• Average fruit weigh: 1.6 kg

Product Catalogue 23
 Melon
Melon Galia
Alpes RZ F1
Fom:0,1,2
Gc (ex Ec):1/Px (ex Sf):2,5
• Average fruit weight: 1.1 kg
Melon Harper
Caribbean Heart RZ F1 (34-748)
Fom:0,1
Gc (ex Ec):1/Px (ex Sf):2,3,5
• Western shipper type
• Crispy orange flesh
• Strong plant type
• Good fruit setting
• Small seed cavity
• Stable netting
• Average fruit weight: 2,4 kg
• High sugar content
24
Melon Harper
Caribbean Gold RZ F1
Fom:0,1,2
Px (ex Sf):2/Ag
• Western shipper type
• Orange flesh
• Strong plant type
• Concentrated fruit setting
• Very homogenous fruit size
• Average fruit weight: 1.8 kg
Melon Harper
Caribbean King RZ F1
Fom:0,1,2
Px (ex Sf):2,3,5
• Western shipper type
• Orange flesh
• Strong plant type
• Concentrated fruit setting
• Very homogenous fruit size
• Average fruit weight: 2.2 kg
• High sugar content Rijk Zwaan in Africa

Watermelon Sugar Baby
Baronesa RZ F1
• Sugar baby type
• Round shape with dark green skin
• Strong plant type
• Very good leaf coverage and setting
• Good sugar content
• Average fruit weight: 4 – 9 kg
Watermelon Crimson Sweet
Columbia RZ F1
• Crimson sweet type
• Round shape with stripes
• Good vigour
• Good fruit setting
• Nice red flesh colour
• Good sugar content
• Average fruit weight: 4 – 7 kg
Product Catalogue
Water
Fruit crops
melon
Watermelon Crimson Sweet
Morgan RZ F1
• Vigorous and early variety
• Elongated fruit shape
• Dark skin and nice red flesh colour
• Very high yield and powerful plant
• Average fruit weight: 10-12 kg
Watermelon Crimson Sweet
Yukon RZ F1
• Crimson Sweet type
• Oval blocky fruit shape
• Green fruit with dark green stripes
• Deep dark red flesh
• High and uniform production
• Good internal quality with high sugar content
• Average fruit weight : 9 -10 kg
25
 Sweet
Pepper
Sweet Pepper Red Indoor
Pasarella RZ F1
PVY:0,1/Tm:0-2
TSWV
• Red semi blocky pepper
• For indoor production
• Easy fruit setting variety
• Strong against cracking
• Good continuation
• Attractive shiny red colour
• Fruit weight: 220 gr
Sweet Pepper Red Indoor
Starlet RZ F1
PVY:0,1/Tm:0/Xcv:1-3
TSWV
• Red blocky pepper
• For indoor production
• Easy setting variety
• Well balanced plant type
• Fruit weight: 240 gr
• Nice red colour
26
Sweet Pepper Red Indoor
Massilia RZ F1
Tm:0-2
TSWV:0/Lt/Ma/Mi/Mj
• Red blocky pepper
• Vigorous compact plant
• Strong against cracking
• Average fruit weight : 200-220 gr.
• Broad resistance pattern
• High yield of uniform fruits
• High quality of colour and shape
Sweet Pepper
Red Jet RZ F1
PVY:0,1,1.2/Tm 0-2/Xcv:1-3
Lt
• Red blocky pepper suitable for green harvest
• Excellent resistance pattern
• Easy fruit setting variety
• Very good plant coverage in open field cultivation
• Good production
• Short plant habit
Rijk Zwaan in Africa
 Sweet

Fruit crops
Pepper

Sweet Pepper Yellow Indoor Sweet Pepper Yellow Indoor

Ilanga RZ F1
PVY:0/Tm 0-3
TSWV
• Yellow blocky pepper
• For indoor production
• Easy fruit setting variety
• Fruit weight: 220 – 250 gr
• Nice fruit shape and colour
• Medium long plant
Sven RZ F1
Tm:0-2
TSWV:0
• Yellow blocky pepper
• Compact plant habit
• Good vigour
• Excellent and uniform fruit shape
• Average fruit weight : 190 gr.

Sweet Pepper Blocky Orange

Boogie RZ F1
Tm:0-2
• Orange blocky pepper
• For indoor production
• Easy fruit setting variety
• Average fruit weight: 185 gr
• Open crop type
• Extremely good quality fruit

Product Catalogue 27
 Tomato

Tomato Beef

Valouro RZ F1
ToMV:0-2/Ff:A-E/Fol:0,1/For/Sbl/Va:0/Vd:0
TSWV/TYLCV/Ma/Mi/Mj
• Beef tomato
• Indeterminate
• For greenhouse and open field cultivation on stakes
• Good continuation
• Strong plant
• Firm fruit
• Fruit weight: 180 – 200 gr

Tomato Intermediate

Leon RZ F1
ToMV:0-2/Fol:0,1/Va:0/Vd:0
TYLCV/Ma/Mi/Mj
• Intermediate tomato
• Indeterminate habit
• For open field or greenhouse cultivation
• Strong plant with good leaf cover
• Retains fruit size through the crop
• Good fruit uniformity
• Fruit weight: 150 – 180 g

28 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Fruit crops
Tomato

Tomato Plum Tomato Plum

Uwezo RZ F1
ToMV:0-2/Fol:0-2/Lt/Va:0/Vd:0
TSWV/TYLCV/Ma/Mi/Mj
• Oval plum tomato
• Indeterminate
• Good compact plant habit
• Good continuation
• Very productive
• Attractive fruit colour
Monteazul RZ F1
ToMV:0-2/Ff:A-E/Fol:0-2/Va:0/Vd:0
TSWV/TYLCV/Ma/Mi/Mj
• Plum tomato
• Indeterminate habit
• For open field or greenhouse cultivation
• Vigorous plant with good balance
• Firm fruit
• Good fruit uniformity
• Fruit weight: 110 – 140 g

Product Catalogue 29
 Tomato
Tomato Plum
Jarrah RZ F1
ToMV:0-2/Fol:0,1/Va:0/Vd:0
TYLCV/For
• Semi-determinate plum tomato
• Good vigour and canopy cover
• Unicolour, firm fruit
• Elongated plum fruit shape
• Fruit weight: 80-100 gr
30
Tomato Plum
Gamhar RZ F1
ToMV:0-2/Fol:0,1/For/Va:0/Vd:0
Ma/Mi/Mj
• Elongated plum tomato
• Short determinate plant Open plant habit
• Very productive
• Elongated, jointless fruit
• Average fruit weight : 100-120 gr
Tomato Mini Plum
Primarino
ToMV:0-2/Ff:A-E/Fol:0-2/Va:0/Vd:0/Si
Sbl/Ma/Mi/Mj
• Mini plum tomato
• Average fruit weight : 11 gr
• Deep red shiny fruit
• High brix level and sweet taste
• Strong against cracking
Rijk Zwaan in Africa
 Fruit crops
Tomato

Tomato Cherry Tomato Cherry

Fortesa RZ F1 Nancy RZ F1
ToMV:0-2/Ff:A-E/Fol:0,1/Va:0/Vd:0/Si ToMV:0-2
TSWV/TYLCV/Ma/Mi/Mj TYLCV/Ma/Mi/Mj
• Cherry tomato • Cherry tomato
• Indeterminate tomato • Indeterminate plant habit
• For indoor cultivation • For loose harvest
• For loose or cluster harvest • Balanced plant with good vigour
• Compact plant type • Good continuity in fruit setting
• High brix level and very good taste • Strong against fruit cracking
• Easy fruit set • Nice uniform red fruit colour
• Good continuation in production • High brix level
• Fruit weight: 15 gr • Good yield potential
• Average fruit weight: 15 gr

Tomato Cherry

Moscatel RZ F1
ToMV:0-2/TSWV/Ff:A-E/Fol:0,1/Va:0/Vd:0/Si
TYLCV/Ma/Mi/Mj
• Cherry tomato
• Indeterminate
• Good plant vigour
• Compact plant type
• Wide range of resistances
• Intense red fruit colour
• Well organised truss shape
• High brix level and sweet taste
• Average fruit weight: 15 gr

Product Catalogue 31
 Rootstock

Rootstock Solanaceae Rootstock Capsicum

Shelter RZ F1 Foundation RZ F1
ToMV:0-2/Fol:0-2/For/Va:0/Vd:0 PVY:0,1/Tm:0
Ma/Mi/Mj Pc/Ma/Mi/Mj
• Not an interspecific hybrid • Strong root system
• Resistant to bacterial wilt • Compact, generative plant
• Resistant to Fol:0-2 (ex F3) • Nematode and pc resistant
• Medium vigour • Days from sowing to grafting: around 20 days

Rootstock Cucurbitaceae Rootstock Cucurbitaceae

Ferro RZ F1 Affyne RZ F1
Fom:0,1,2,1.2/For/Va For/Va
Fon:0-2 • Cucumis sativus rootstock suitable for cucumber
• Cucurbita maxima x C. moschata interspecific hybrid • Medium vigour with good generative effect and plant
rootsrock balance
• Suitable for cucumber and watermelon • Excellent affinity with cucumber varieties
• Very high vigour • Good grafting success rate
• High production with uniform fruits • Recommanded for substrate and soil cultivation

Rootstock Cucurbitaceae

Sphinx RZ F1
Fom:0,1,2
Fom:1.2/Px (ex Sf):2,3,5
• Cucumis melo rootstock, suitable for melon
• Medium vigour with good balance
• Good fruit setting in cold conditions
• Recommended for early crops

32 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Beetroot

Rootstock
Beetroot

Libero RZ

Root crops
• Very smooth, round red beet
• Very nice external quality
• Small leaf attachment
• Adapted for fresh market

Beetroot

Larka RZ
• Reliable quality
• Red and round, good internal quality, dark colour
• Medium early
• Summer and autumn, fresh/industry
• Strong against bolting
• Very adaptable

Beetroot

Zeppo RZ F1
• Early, with quality
• Smooth, red and round, for early production
• Late spring and summer, does well in the heat
• Fresh and bunching
• Strong against leaf diseases
• Strong against bolting

Product Catalogue 33
 Carrot

Carrot

Morelia RZ F1
• Nantes type
• Cylindrical shape
• Strong and healthy foliage
• Good uniformity
• Strong against green shoulders
• Around 110 days after sowing

Carrot

Nantes Monanta RZ
• Nantes type
• Cylindrical shape
• Uniform
• About 115 days after sowing

34 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Broccoli

Broccoli

Tahoe RZ F1

Root crops
• Nice curd shape
• Good in warm conditions
• Good uniformity

Brassica

Product Catalogue 35
 Cabbage

Cabbage

Toughma RZ F1
• White cabbage
• Medium vigour
• Round head shape
• Compact head
• Fast growing variety
• Good field standability
• Head weight: 1 to 2 kg
• 60 to 70 days after transplanting

Cabbage

Cilema RZ F1
• White cabbage
• Vigorous variety
• Light green leaf colour
Cabbage • High round head
• Compact head
Boleroma RZ F1 • Sweet taste
• Large outer leaf
• Plant vigour medium • Head weight: 1.5 to 3.5 kg
• Head shape round • 70 to 80 days after transplanting
• Colour waxy green
• Weight range: 1,5 – 3,0 kg
• internal quality: medium dense

36 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Cabbage

Cabbage

Tacoma RZ F1
Foc:1
• White cabbage
• Flat round head shape
• Blue-green leaf colour
• Strong against thrips and fusarium
• Strong vigour

Brassica
• Thin leaf layering
• Sweet taste
• Head weight: 1.5 to 3.5 kg
• 70 to 80 days after transplanting

Cabbage

Redma RZ F1
• Red cabbage
• Compact head
• Good field standability
• Intense red colour
• Head weight: 1 to 3 kg
• 75 to 85 days after transplanting

Product Catalogue 37
 Cauliflower

Cauliflower

Moneera RZ F1
• Cauliflower
• Fast growing variety
• Upright leaf
• Good curd quality
• 55 to 70 days after transplanting

Cauliflower

Casper RZ F1
• Cauliflower
• Mid late variety
• Very good leaf coverage
• Compact curd
• 70 to 90 days after transplanting

38 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Endive

Endive

Avral RZ
• Endive curly
• Strong against bolting
• Strong against tip burn
• Good contrast of green and white
• High leaf density

Brassica
Leaf crops
Endive

Korbi RZ
• Endive très fine maraîchère
• Finely incised leaves
• Good vigour
• Upright plant habit
• Strong against bolting
• Strong against tip burn

Product Catalogue 39
 Lettuce

Lettuce Batavia Lettuce Batavia

Tourbillon RZ Invicta RZ
Bl:16-28,30-32/Nr:0/Pb Pb
LMV:1 • Batavia type
• Batavia type • Green colour
• Open head habit • For indoor and outdoor cultivation
• Good filling of the head • Suitable for hydroponics
• Strong against bolting and warm conditions
• Strong against yellowing
• Good for transportation

Lettuce Batavia

Impulsion RZ
Bl:16,18-24,27,28,30-32
LMV:1
• Batavia type
• Open head habit
• Good filling of the head
• Strong against bolting and warm conditions
• Flat bottom
• Good for transportation

40 Rijk Zwaan in Africa


Lettuce Batavia Red
Novelski RZ
Bl:16-28,30-32/Nr:0
• Red Batavia type
• Strong against bolting
• Semi closed type
• For year round production
Product Catalogue
Lettuce
Lettuce Batavia Red
Cherokee RZ
Bl:16,21,23,32EU
• Triple red Batavia type
• Strong against bolting
• Thick leaves for increased shelf life
• Bright red colour
Leaf crops
41
 Lettuce
Lettuce Butterhead
Ballerina RZ
Bl:16,17,21,23,32
LMV:1
• Butterhead type
• Shiny green colour
• Strong against bolting
• Strong against tip burn
• Semi closed head
• Slow heading
Lettuce Butterhead
Faustina RZ
Bl:16,17,21,23,32EU/Nr:0
LMV:1
• Butterhead type
• Shiny green colour
• Strong against bolting
• Medium-sized head
42
Lettuce Butterhead
Rex RZ
Bl:17,18,22,24,25,29,30,33-35EU
• Butterhead type
• Green colour
• Strong against bolting
• Strong against tip burn
• Large head
Lettuce Butterhead Red
Skyphos RZ
Bl:16-26,28,32/Nr:0
LMV:1
• Red butterhead type
• Strong against bolting
• Strong against tip burn
• Attractive red leaf colour
Rijk Zwaan in Africa

Lettuce Cos
Ralph RZ
Bl:16-27,29,30,32/Nr:0
LMV:1/Ss (Rs)
• Mini Cos type
• Intense green leaf colour
• Strong against tip burn
• Slow bolting
Product Catalogue
Lettuce
Lettuce Cos
Rincon RZ
Bl:16-27,30-32EU/Fol:1/Nr:0
• Small Cos type
• Very good early filling
• Attractive bright green
Leaf crops
Lettuce Cos
Maximus RZ
Bl:16-27,29,30,32
Ss (Rs)
• Cos type
• Nice green colour
• Good head filling, closed on top
• Robust variety
• Broad mildew resistance
• Strong against bolting
43
 Lettuce

Lettuce Gem Green Lettuce Gem Green

Olite RZ Bambi RZ
Bl:16-27,30-32EU/Nr:0 • Compact growth
LMV:1 • Dark green colour
• Baby Cos • Sweet taste
• Dark green colour • Suitable for open field and hydroponics
• Very strong against bolting
• Strong against tip burn

Lettuce Gem Red Lettuce Gem Red

Rosaine RZ Alaine RZ
Bl:16-26,31,32EU/Nr:0/Pb Bl:16-32,34-36EU/Fol:1/Nr:0
• Red gem type • Red gem type
• Shiny red colour • Attractive dark red color
• Very strong against bolting • Well closed head
• Crunchy leaves • Strong against bolting
• uitable for open field and hydroponics

44 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Lettuce

Lettuce Iceberg

Nomugi RZ
Fol:1
• Iceberg type
• Flat round head shape
• Slow head filling
• Strong against bolting
• Strong against tip burn
• Uniform shape

Leaf crops

Product Catalogue 45
 Lettuce

Lettuce Iceberg

Cartagenas RZ
Bl:16,21,23,32/Nr:0
• Iceberg type
• Round head shape
• Good head filling
• Big head size
• Good against bolting in cold season
• Strong against tip burn
• Uniform shape

Lettuce Iceberg

Bruma RZ
• Iceberg type
• Round head shape
• Slow head filling
• Strong against bolting
• Good in hydroponic cultivation
• Strong against tip burn
• Uniform shape

46 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Lettuce

Lettuce Lollo Bionda Lettuce Lollo Bionda

Levistro RZ Langero RZ
Bl:16-23,25,31,32/Pb Bl:16-32,34EU/Nr:0/Pb
LMV:1 LMV:1
• Lollo Bionda type • Lollo Bionda type
• Light green colour • Strong against bolting
• Flat bottom • Vigorous variety
• Strong against tip burn

Leaf crops
Lettuce Lollo Rosso Lettuce Lollo Rosso

Nation RZ Concorde RZ
Bl:16-20,22-24,27,30-32EU/Nr:0/Pb Bl:16,21,23,32
• Lollo Rossa type • Lollo Rossa type
• Deep red colour • Dark red colour
• Strong against bolting • Strong plant habit
• Strong against tip burn

Product Catalogue 47
 Lettuce

Lettuce Oak Leaf Green Lettuce Oak Leaf Green

Kristine RZ Kirinia RZ
Bl:16,17,21,23,32 Bl:16-35EU/Nr:0
LMV:1 LMV:1
• Green Oak leaf type • Green Oak leaf type
• Light green leaf colour • Very strong against tip burn
• Good in various climate conditions • Relatively thick leaves
• Strong against bolting
• Strong against tip burn

Lettuce Oak Leaf Red Lettuce Oak Leaf Red

Vitraï RZ Mondaï RZ
Bl:16-33EU/Nr:0 Bl:16,21,23,32/Pb
LMV:1 LMV:1
• Triple red Oak leaf type • Red Oak leaf type
• Very strong against bolting • Intense red leaf colour
• Good in various climate conditions
• Strong against bolting
• Strong against tip burn

48 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

 Others

Blanched Celery Blanched Celery

Kylian RZ Stetham RZ
• Blanched Celery • Very upright plant habit
• Upright growth habit • Apple green stem colour
• Green stem colour • Long stems

Leek Radish

Matejko RZ Mondial RZ
• Medium long • Round red radish
• Early variety • For outdoor cultivation
• High yield • Uniform shape
• High uniformity of shaft length • Fine taproot
• Even transition from white to green • Good leaf size for bunching

Leaf crops
• Strong against rust and thrips

Kohlrabi Spinach

Eder RZ Antelope RZ
• Good plant vigour • Smooth green spinach
Others

• Excellent inner quality • Babyleaf variety

• Upright growth habit • Dark green leaves
• Easy to harvest
• For fresh market, processing and convenience

Swiss Chard Corn Salad

Charsano RZ Cirilla RZ
• White stemmed • Corn salad
• Green leaves • Leaves are dark green and smooth
• Resistant against Peronospora and Cercospora • Round leaf shape
• Semi-savoyed • Strong against spooning
• For babyleaf and mature chard market • Good productivity

Product Catalogue 49
Safe use of treated seed
Advice: safe use of treated seed
With the use of treated seed you must
observe precautions for your own safety
and the protection of the environment.
On this page you find more information
about these precautions.
In general
Do not use treated seed for human or
animal consumption or for processing.
Keep out of reach of children, livestock
and wildlife. Handle seed packages
carefully. Avoid contact with skin and
respiratory tract and wear suitable
protective equipment during seed
handling and equipment cleaning. Wash
hands and exposed skin before meals and
after work. Remove any seed spillages.
Keep treated seed away from surface
water.
50
Before sowing Precaution icons
When opening seed bags and during,
filling or emptying of the drilling machine, Do not use for human
avoid dust exposure. Avoid transfer of or animal consumption
dust from the seed bag into the sowing
machine. Do not treat the previously Wash hands
treated seed with additional products.
At sowing outdoors Keep out of reach of children,
When using a pneumatic drilling machine, livestock and wildlife
dust from treated seed should be directed
to the soil surface or into the soil through Do not contaminate
deflectors. Sow at the recommended surface water or ditches
seeding rate. To protect birds and
mammals, treated seed must be covered Wear suitable protective
by soil, also at row ends. equipment
After sowing Minimize dust generated
Do not leave empty bags or left-over at drilling
treated seed in the environment. Dispose
of them according to local legislation.
Ensure that left over treated seed is These precautions are prepared by
returned to their original bags and do not the European Seed Associationn,
use empty seed bags for other purposes. www.euroseeds.org
Rijk Zwaan in Africa
Planting guide
Species Seeds per gram Plants per ha (x 1000) Species Seeds per gram Plants per ha (x 1000)
Broccoli 250 40-60 Lettuce 850 - 1,200 60 - 120
Cabbage 200-300 35 - 50 Melon 20 - 45 8 - 15
Carrots 700 - 1,300 1.000 - 1.600 Mini cucumber 30 - 50 15 - 25
Cauliflower 250 - 300 35 - 60 Parsley 600-800 5 kg seed/ha
Celeriac 2,200 - 2,600 50-65 Parsnip 250-300 600-700
Celery 2,300 - 3000 100 Radish 120 3.500 - 6.000
Chicory 600 300 - 340 Beet root 90 - 100 500 - 600
Chives 700 100-120 Rootstock cucurbitaceae 7 - 15 2,5 - 10
Climbing beans 2-3 90 - 100 Rootstock solanaceae 300 15 - 35
Corn salad 280 - 350 2.800 - 3.500 Spinach 80 - 100 2.500 - 3.000
Cucumber 30 - 50 15 - 20 Spinach babyleaf 80 - 100 4.000 - 4.000
Eggplant 200 15 - 25 Sweet pepper 100 - 150 18 - 45
Endive 600 60 - 90 Swiss chard 100 80 - 100
Fennel 200 - 250 100-120 Tomato 250-400 15 - 30
Gherkins 30 - 50 9 - 25 Watermelon 10 - 40 2,5 - 8
Hot pepper 100 - 120 20 - 27
The number of seeds per gram is an estimate only and depends on the harvest and on the
Kohlrabi 200 - 250 80 - 120
grading of the seed. Plant density depends on the crop, the growing system used and the
Leek 340 - 440 160 - 200 growing season and may vary under different local conditions.

Plant Spacing per hectare (x 1000)

Between In row / Between plants (cm)

rows (cm) 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 100 125 150 200
5 4000 2000 1330 1000 800 666 500 400 333 285 200 160 133 100
10 2000 1000 666 500 400 333 250 200 166 142 100 80 66,6 50
20 1000 500 333 250 200 166 125 100 83,3 71,4 50 40 33,3 25
25 800 400 266 200 160 133 100 80 66,6 57,1 40 32 26,6 20
30 666 333 222 166 133 111 83,3 66,6 55,5 47,6 33,3 26,6 22,2 16,6
40 500 250 166 125 100 83,3 62,5 50 41,6 35,7 25 20 16,6 12,5
50 400 200 133 100 80 66,6 50 40 33,3 28,5 20 16 13,3 10
75 266 133 88,8 66,6 53,3 44,4 33,3 26,6 22,2 19 13,3 10,6 8,88 6,66
100 200 100 66,6 50 40 33,3 25 20 16,6 14,2 10 8 6,66 5
150 133 66,6 44,4 33,3 26,6 22,2 16,6 13,3 11,1 9,52 6,66 5,33 4,44 3,33
200 100 50 33,3 25 20 16,6 12,5 10 8,33 7,14 5 4 3,33 2,5

Product Catalogue 51
ESA product specifications for vegetable
These product specifications for
germination of precision seeds,
varietal purity of precision seeds and
seed health requirements are based
upon ESA recommended standards.
These product specifications are
not meant to be absolute minimum
standards for delivery. If the quality tests
of Rijk Zwaan indicate a lower quality-
level than given in these specifications,
Rijk Zwaan will inform prospective seed
users. This communication is aimed at
informing professional seed users about
the quality they can expect, so they can
make their own assessment and decide if
these seeds meet their requirements.
ESA vegetable seed
product specifications
Vegetable growing has become a highly
specialized and intensive activity. As a
result of the ever increasing demand for
better quality, vegetable growers and
plant raisers require an improved quality
of the basic material.
The demand for specific seed forms and
more information about seed quality has
strongly increased to better influence
emergence and required number of
plants.
Seed is a natural product. The often
varying environmental conditions thus
influence final results. It is therefore often
not possible to give detailed information
about emergence and other physical
seed characteristics. To meet the wishes
of clients as much as possible Rijk Zwaan
has made up quality standards for the
various seed categories.
52
The germination percentages mentioned
are Rijk Zwaan minimum required figures
and made up according to ISTA methods
and tolerances.
General definitions
Normal Seed
In general, normal seed has not been
subjected to special processes. It is sold
by weight and/or by count, depending on
the product. Normal seed complies with
EC standards.
Precision Seed
Precision seed has been subjected to
additional processes. It has a uniform size
and high germination. Precision seed is
sold by count.
Priming
Priming is defined as an activation of the
germination process with the purpose to
obtain faster or more uniform emergence
after sowing. Primed seed is sold by
count.
Pelleting
Pelleting is defined as the process of
changing the seed form by covering it
with a material, the main purpose being
to improve uniformity of size and shape
resulting in improved sowing ability. Also
additional ingredients may be added.
Pelleted seed is sold by count.
Film coating
Film coating is a full covering, usually
pigmented layer, around the seed.
The original seed form remains intact.
Additional ingredients may be added.
Film coating treatments that contain
insecticides are normally identifiable by
colour coding. Film coated seed is sold by
count.
Glue coating
Glue coating is a process which fixes the
applied crop protection products in an
almost dust free manner to the seed. A
pigment may be added.
Germination
Germination figures relate to ISTA
procedures and are valid at the time of
despatch.
Varietal purity
Varietal purity rate is defined as: the
percentage of plants from a seed lot that
meets the variety description.
ESA recommendation on
seed health requirements
In order to supply sufficiently healthy
vegetable seeds and in order to meet
the requirements of EU Council Directive
2002/55/EC, Rijk Zwaan uses various
disease risk management strategies to
prevent and control seed transmitted
diseases. These may include and are not
limited to seed health testing programs,
protected seed production, field
inspections, seed treatments and other
effective seed disinfection methods.
ISHI-VEG has developed the Manual of
Seed Health Testing Methods, which
includes state of the art seed health
testing protocols. Rijk Zwaan follows the
ISHI-VEG recommended minimum sizes
of a representative sample for seed health
testing.
Information regarding the ISHI-VEG seed
health test protocols and recommended
minimum sample sizes can be found at:
http://www.worldseed.org/isf/ishi_
vegetable.html
Rijk Zwaan in Africa
precision seeds
ESA product specifications for varietal purity
of precision seeds
Minimum % varietal purity for
Crop
precision seeds
Brassica 93
Cucumber indoor 99
Cucumber outdoor (excluding pollinators) 98
Cucumber indoor pickling (excluding pollinators) 98
Cucumber outdoor pickling (excluding pollinators) 98
Eggplant 98
Lettuce (Butter head, Batavia, Iceberg, Cos) 98
Lettuce (other types) 95
Melon 98
Watermelon 98
Pepper 97
Squash 97
Tomato fresh 98

ESA product specifications of precision seed and pellets

Crop Precision seed Pellets Crop Precision seed Pellets
Brassica Leek
germination 90% OP germination 90% 90%
seed size gradation 0,20/0,25 mm F1 germination 85% 85%
seed size gradation 0,20/0,25 mm
Climbing Bean
germination 95% Lettuce
Butter head, Batavia, Iceberg, Cos
Beetroot (monogerm)
germination 93% 95%
germination 80%
other types
Beetroot (multigerm) germination 93% 95%
germination 90%
Melon
seed size gradation 0,50 mm
Charentais type
Carrot germination 95%
germination 85% Other types
seed size gradation 0,20/0,25 mm germination 90%
Celery/Celeriac Parsley
germination 90% 90% germination 87%
Chicory Witloof seed size gradation 0,20/0,25 mm
germination 85% 85% Radish
seed size gradation 0,20/0,25 mm germination 92%
Corn Salad seed size gradation 0,20/0,25 mm
germination 85% Spinach
seed size gradation 0,20/0,25 mm germination 85%
Cucumber seed size gradation 0,75 mm
indoor, germination 92% Sweet/Hot pepper
outdoor, germination 92% germination 90%
indoor pickling, germination 92%
Squash
outdoor pickling, germination 88%
germination 92%
Eggplant
Tomato
germination 90%
germination 92%
Endive
Watermelon
germination 90% 92%
normal type
Fennel germination 90%
germination 90% 90% seedless type
seed size gradation 0,20/0,50 mm germination 85%

Product Catalogue 53
 ISF resistance definitions
Definition of the Terms Describing
the Reaction of Plants to Pests1 for
the Vegetable Seed Industry
(Adopted by the ISF Vegetable and
Ornamental Crops Section in May 2017)
54
1. Introduction Pests are known to develop and form
The relationship between a plant and new biotypes, pathotypes, races or
a pest is very complex. The terms that strains that can cause disease in or
describe the reaction of a plant variety damage to plants that remain unaffected
to a pest are determined by tests with by the original form of the pest.
known and characterized biotypes,
pathotypes, races or strains of the pest To promote consistency in the terms
in question. used to describe the reaction of a plant
to a pest, ISF Vegetable and
In practice however, the ability of a pest Ornamental Crops Section has defined
to cause disease in or damage to a plant the following terms.
depends on environmental conditions,
the properties of the organism itself and
the capacity of the plant to defend itself.
Plant varieties within a species can differ
in their ability to defend themselves.
Under different conditions, such as age
of the plant, pest pressure and degree
of virulence or adverse environmental
conditions, the interaction between the
same plant variety and pest may have
different outcomes.
Rijk Zwaan in Africa
2. Definitions
Susceptibility is the inability of a plant
variety to restrict the growth and/or
development of a specified pest.
Resistance is the ability of a plant
variety to restrict the growth and/or
development of a specified pest
and/or the damage it causes when
compared to susceptible plant varieties
under similar environmental
conditions and pest pressure.
Resistant varieties may exhibit some
disease symptoms or damage under
heavy pest pressure. Two levels of
resistance are defined.
• High Resistance (HR): plant varieties
that highly restrict the growth and/or
development of the specified pest and/or
the damage it causes under normal pest
pressure when compared to susceptible
varieties. These plant varieties may,
however, exhibit some symptoms or
damage under heavy pest pressure.
Product Catalogue
• Intermediate Resistance (IR): plant
varieties that restrict the growth and/
or development of the specified pest
and/or the damage it causes but may
exhibit a greater range of symptoms
or damage compared to high resistant
varieties. Intermediate resistant plant
varieties will still show less severe
symptoms or damage than susceptible
plant varieties when grown under
similar environmental conditions and/
or pest pressure.
Varieties claiming the same level of
resistance against a specific pest may
exhibit a different resistance response
due to a different genetic makeup of a
variety.
It is to be noted that if a resistance is
claimed in a plant variety it is limited to
the specified biotypes, pathotypes, races
or strains of the pest.
If no biotypes, pathotypes, races or
strains are specified in the resistance
claim for the variety, it is because no
generally accepted classification of the
cited pest by biotype, pathotype, race
or strain exists. In this case resistance is
only claimed against certain not further
specified isolates of that pathogen. New
biotypes, pathotypes, races or strains
that may emerge are not covered by the
original resistance claim.
Immunity: is when a plant is not subject
to attack or infection by a specified pest.
FAO defines a pest as: Any species, strain
1
or biotype of plant, animal or pathogenic
agent injurious to plants or plant products.
http://www.fao.org/docrep/W3587E/w3587e01.htm
Pathogens (microorganisms such as bacteria,
viruses and fungi that cause a disease) are,
therefore, included in the term “pest”.
55
 Resistance codes
Cucumber
Cca = Corynespora cassiicola
Corynespora blight and target spot
Ccu = Cladosporium cucumerinum
Scab and gummosis
Px (ex Sf) = Podosphaera xanthii (ex
Sphaerotheca fuliginea)
Powdery mildew
CVYV = Cucumber vein yellowing virus
Cucumber vein yellowing
CMV = Cucumber mosaic virus
Cucumber mosaic
PRSV = Papaya ringspot virus
Papaya ringspot
WMV = Watermelon mosaic virus
Watermelon mosaic
ZYMV = Zucchini yellow mosaic virus
Zucchini yellows
56
Hot Pepper Sweet Pepper
Tm:0 = TMV/ToMV = Tobacco mosaic virus PVY = Potato Y potyvirus
Tomato mosaic virus Potato Y
Tm:0-2 = TMV/ToMV/PMMoV:2 = Tobacco Tm:0 = TMV/ToMV = Tobacco mosaic virus
mosaic virus Tomato mosaic virus
Tomato mosaic virus / Pepper mild Tm:0-2 = TMV/ToMV/PMMoV:2 = Tobacco mosaic
mosaic virus:2 virus
Pc = Phytophthora capsici Tomato mosaic virus / Pepper mild mosaic virus:2
Buckeye fruit and root rot Tm:0-3 = TMV/ToMV/PMMoV:2,3 = Tobacco mosaic
virus
Melon Tomato mosaic virus / Pepper mild mosaic
Fom = Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis virus:2,3
Fusarium wilt TSWV = Tomato spotted wilt tospovirus
Gc (ex Ec) = Golovinomyces cichoracearum Tomato spotted wilt
(ex Erysiphe cichoracearum ) Ma = Meloidogyne arenaria
Powdery mildew Root-knot
Px (ex Sf) = Podosphaera xanthii (ex Mi = Meloidogyne incognita
Sphaerotheca fuliginea) Root-knot
Powdery mildew Mj = Meloidogyne javanica
Ag = Aphis gossypii Root-knot
Cotton aphid Lt = Leveillula taurica (anamorph: Oidiopsis sicula)
MNSV = Melon necrotic spot virus Powdery mildew
Melon necrotic spot Xcv = Xanthomonas campestris pv. Vesicatoria
Bacterial spot
Rijk Zwaan in Africa
Tomato Rootstock Cabbage
TSWV = Tomato spotted wilt virus ToMV = Tomato mosaic virus Foc = Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.
Tomato spotted wilt Tomato mosaic conglutinans Fusarium yellows
ToMV = Tomato mosaic virus Fol = Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici
Tomato mosaic Fusarium wilt Lettuce
TYLCV = Tomato yellow leaf curl virus For = Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. LMV = Lettuce Mosaic Virus
Tomato yellow leaf curl radicis-lycopersici Lettuce mosaic
Ff (ex Cf) = Fulvia fulva (ex Cladosporium Fusarium crown and root rot Bl = Bremia lactucae
fulvum) Va = Verticillium albo-atrum Downy mildew
Leaf mold Verticillium wilt Fol = Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lactucae
Fol = Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici Vd = Verticillium dahliae Fusarium wilt
Fusarium wilt Verticillium wilt Ss (Rs) = Sphingomonas suberifaciens (ex
For = Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. Ma = Meloidogyne arenaria Rhizomonas suberfaciens)
radicis-lycopersici Root-knot Corky root
Fusarium crown and root rot Mi = Meloidogyne incognita Nr = Nasonovia ribisnigri
Sbl = Stemphylium botryosum f.sp. Root-knot Lettuce leaf aphid
lycopersici Mj = Meloidogyne javanica Pb = Pemphigus bursarius
Gray leaf spot Root-knot Lettuce Root Aphid
Vd = Verticillium dahlia Fom = Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Melonis
Verticillium wilt Fusarium wilt
Va = Verticillium albo-atrum For = Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.
Verticillium wilt radicis-lycopersici
Mi = Meloidogyne incognita Fusarium crown and root rot
Root-knot Va = Verticillium albo-atrum
Mj = Meloidogyne javanica Verticillium wilt
Root-knot Fon = Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Niveum
Ma = Meloidogyne arenaria Fusarium wilt
Root-knot PVY = Potato Y potyvirus
Si = Silvering Potato Y
Lt = Leveillula taurica (anamorph: Tm:0 = TMV/ToMV = Tobacco mosaic virus
Oidiopsis sicula) Tomato mosaic virus
Powdery mildew Pc = Phytophthora capsici
Buckeye fruit and root rot
Px (ex Sf) = Podosphaera xanthii (ex
Sphaerotheca fuliginea)
Powdery mildew

Product Catalogue 57
 Senegal Burkina Faso Sudan
hiopia
Benin
enya Nigeria Ethiopia
Ivory Coast Uganda
zania Ghana Cameroon
Gabon Kenya
Rwanda
Mauritius Tanzania
Malawi
Zambia
Mozambique
Zimbabwe

Namibia Botswana Mauritius

Headquarters For Kenya, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Mauritius,
Sales subsidiairy
Breeding station Botswana, Mozambique, Malawi:
South Africa
Distributor Marcus Burnett
See International Catalogue
In project Area Manager
T +27 33 386 7610
M +27 83 631 4298
m.burnett@rijkzwaan.co.za 
Headquarters
Sales subsidiairy

Contact
For Sudan, Uganda, Rwanda, Ghana, Nigeria:
Breeding station
DistributorPeter van der Zanden
Area Manager
See International Catalogue
In project M +31 6 10 17 14 66

Rijk Zwaan
p.van.der.zanden@rijkzwaan.nl 

For Ghana:
Helen Gyasi
Product Development Specialist
M +233 50 420 94 46
h.gyasi@rijkzwaan.nl

For general information For Burkina Faso, Gabon, Ivory Coast, Senegal,
on Rijk Zwaan: Cameroon:
Rijk Zwaan Export Christophe Guiet
Burgemeester Crezéelaan 40 Area Manager
PO Box 40 T +31174532300
2678 ZG De Lier M +33 6 25 43 05 42
The Netherlands cguiet@rijkzwaan.fr 
T +31 (0)174 532 300 / F +31 (0)174 515 334
E export@rijkzwaan.nl For West Africa:
www.rijkzwaan.com Eugene Agbicodo
Product Development Specialist
For Tanzania: T +255 78 555 6372
Rijk Zwaan Afrisem M +255 788 034438
Dolly Estate, Usa River e.agbicodo@rijkzwaan.com 
PO Box 12345
Arusha | Tanzania For Ethiopia:
www.afrisem.com Amare Gebeyehu Geremew
Product Development Specialist
T +251 911 490457
a.geremew@rijkzwaan.com 

58 Rijk Zwaan in Africa

Organic & Projects
Heleen Bos Harald Peeters
Specialist Organics & Projects Specialist Projects
h.bos@rijkzwaan.nl h.peeters@rijkzwaan.nl

Distributors
Kenya Benin Mauritius
Holland Greentech Eugene Agbicodo Agrex
Teresa Wambugu T +255 785 556372 Jerome Denis
M +254 726 247994 M +255 788 034438 T +230 54 99 66 45
T +254 797 673230 / +254 716 714300 e.agbicodo@rijkzwaan.com agrosup@agrex.mu
teresa@hollandgreentech.com
www.hollandgreentech.com Ivory Coast Zimbabwe
Agrifer National Tested Seeds
Rwanda Fer Weerheijm John Wilde
Holland Greentech T +225 59 68 54 04 T +263 77 22 34 996
Jacques Tuyishime info@agrifer.nl jwilde@natseeds.co.zw
M +25 788 561 242 www.agrifer.nl
jacques@hollandgreentech.com Namibia
www.hollandgreentech.com Nigeria Agri-gro Nambibia Ltd.
Seedforth Agro Elize Koekemoer
Uganda Clement Udeh Onoja T + 264 61 25 33 22
Holland Greentech T +234 70 38 92 72 73 elize@agrigronamibia.com
Victoria Nakyagaba sales@seedforthagro.com
T +256 706 230892 www.seedforthagro.com
victoria@hollandgreentech.com
www.hollandgreentech.com Senegal
 Agroseed
Zambia Moctar Fall
Holland Greentech T +221 33 820 32 07
Bram de Vries contact@agroseed.sn
M +260 97 851 3396 www.agroseed.sn
Bram@hollandgreentech.com
www.hollandgreentech.com

Product Catalogue