LIÊN CHI HỘI SINH VIÊN KHOA RĂNG HÀM MẶT

TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y KHOA PHẠM NGỌC THẠCH

Human Dentition
COURSE
CONTENT
Basic terminology
Tooth surfaces
The four parts of a tooth
Tooth identification
References
BASIC TERMINOLOGY
Before diving into the dental anatomy, understanding some
basic terms is the key.
Human dentition
The human dentition refers to all
the teeth in the upper jaw and
lower jaw. They work together to
perform various functions essential
for digestion.
Maxillae
The upper jaw is known as the Maxillary____ _
maxillae.
___
teeth
_ ______ Maxillae
Maxillary teeth
_________ ____ _ _
The maxillae hold your upper Mandible __
teeth, which are also known as Mandibular
teeth
maxillary teeth.
Mandible
The lower jaw is called the mandible.
Mandibular teeth
The teeth located in the mandible are called mandibular teeth.

Several terms help to define locations on and around the teeth. These
terms are used to refer to specific areas of the mouth when describing
a tooth’s surface.
Anterior _ _ _ Anterior

Towards the front of the mouth.

Posterior
Towards the back of the mouth.

___ Posterior
BASIC TERMINOLOGY
Humans have two sets of teeth during our lifetime:

Primary dentition (deciduous or milk teeth)

The first set of teeth we get. These are often referred to as baby
teeth. There are 20 teeth in the primary dentition.

Permanent dentition
The second set of teeth we get. These are often referred to as adult
teeth. There are 32 teeth in the permanent dentition.
TOOTH SURFACES
The biting surface of molars and The cutting edge of both
premolars is called the occlusal incisors and canines is called the
surface because they occlude incisal edge. The surface facing
(meet) with those in the opposing the cheeks is called the buccal
jaw. surface. The surface of a tooth
facing the lips is called labial
or facial surface, as with
7 __
__ _ _ incisors and canines.
____ __ ____
____
8

__ _
1: occlusal surface
_____ 2: incisal edge
_
__

3: buccal surface
__
__

4: labial surface
__

5: lingual surface
__

_____
__

6: palatal surface
__

7: mesial
__

_ _

8: distal
_
_

_
_ _
_ _
_

The inner surface of every The remaining surfaces are those

mandibular tooth that faces the
tongue is called the lingual
surface. The corresponding
surface in all upper teeth is
called the palatal surface.
between the adjacent teeth.
These are called proximal,
mesial (the one close to the
midline) and distal (the opposite
one). The surface which touches
the gingivae is called cervical.
THE FOUR PARTS OFA TOOTH
The teeth are made up of two major parts: the crown and the root.
The crown of the tooth is visible in the mouth. The root is the
hidden part that anchors firmly in the bone jawbone. It's located
beneath the gum line, so you can't see it unless you have an X-ray or
if there's gum recession. Each tooth is a complex structure comprised of
four distinct tissues, each with its own important function. They are the
enamel, the dentine, the pulp, and the cementum.

____________ Enamel
Crown
_________ Dentin
_________ Pulp
_______ Gingiva
Neck _________ Root canal
_______ Bone
Root
________ Cementum

_________ Nerve and

Blood vesseles

Enamel - The hardest tissue in the human body that takes up the
protective outer surface of the crown of the tooth.
Dentin - The calcified connective tissue that makes up the majority of
the inner surface of the tooth. It contains tiny tubules that connect to
the pulp, allowing for some sensation. Normally, it cannot be seen
without using X-rays.
Pulp - The innermost core of the tooth that holds the nerves and blood
vessels of the tooth. It provides nourishment to the tooth and reponsible
for tooth sensation.
Cementum - A hard, bone-like substance but it is much softer than
enamel. It covers the root and helps anchor the tooth through
periodontal ligament.
TOOTH IDENTIFICATION
In both the maxillary and mandibular arches, there are four types of
teeth. These include the incisors, the canines, the premolars, and the
molars. Each of these teeth is located in a different area and serves
different functions.

Incisors - The four front teeth in

the mouth are known as incisors.
They are located in both the
maxillary and mandibular arches.
The two center teeth are known as
central incisors and the teeth on
either side of them are known as
lateral incisors. All of these teeth
are responsible for cutting or
biting food. They act like scissors.

Canines - These teeth situate

right next to the lateral incisors.
There are 2 canines in the
maxillary arch and 2 canines in
the mandibular arch. These teeth
are responsible for tearing food
particles when chewing.
TOOTH IDENTIFICATION
Premolars – There are 4
premolars in each arch and two
are distal to each canine in the
arch. These teeth are smaller
than the molars and are
responsible for crushing food in
the chewing process. They are
also referred to as bicuspids
because of the two cusps on the
chewing surface. They are only
present in the permanent
dentition. The primary dentition
only consists of incisors, canines,
and molars.

Molars - There are normally 6

molars in each arch; three on
the left and three on the right
side. They are referred to as
first, second, and third molars.
Third molars, also known as
wisdom teeth, are the last teeth
to erupt, and some people simply
don't develop them at all. Lack
of space is a major culprit
behind wisdom teeth problems, so
they have to be removed in some
cases. The role of the molars in
chewing is to grind the food.
REFERENCESL:
[1] Rickne C.Scheid, Gabriela Weiss. (2012). Woelfel’s Dental
Anatomy, eighth edition, p. 1 - 164. Wolters Kluwer