SHRI MOUNI VIDYAPEETH’S

INSTITUTE OF CIVIL AND RURAL ENGINEERING

[AIDED]

A
MICRO PROJECT

ON

DIRECT TO HOME (DTH) SYSTEM

UNDER THE SUBJECT OF CEL (22425)
DEPARTMENT OF E & TC ENGINEERING
2023 – 24

MAHARASTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

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 CERTIFICATE
Sr Name of student Seat No. Roll No. Sign
no.

MICRO PROJECT TITLE

DIRECT TO HOME (DTH SYSTEM)

Subject Teacher Head of Department Principal

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INTRODUCTION :-

A DTH (Direct-to-Home) system is a satellite-based television

broadcasting service that delivers TV signals directly to viewers'
homes via a dish antenna. With DTH, viewers can access a wide
range of channels without the need for a cable TV connection. The
signals are received by a dish antenna, then decoded and processed
by an integrated receiver-decoder (IRD) unit inside the viewer's
home. DTH systems offer advantages such as a broad selection of
channels, high-quality picture and sound, and accessibility in remote
areas. Viewers subscribe to DTH services through a service provider,
paying a subscription fee for access to various channels. Overall,
DTH provides a convenient and reliable way for viewers to enjoy
television programming.

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BLOCK DIAGRAM OF DTH SYSTEM :-

A DTH network consists of a broadcasting centre, satellites, encoders,

multiplexers, modulators and DTH receivers
The encoder converts the audio, video and data signals into the digital
format and the multiplexer mixes these signals.
It is used to provide the DTH service in high populated area A Multi
Switch is basically a box that contains signal splitters and A/B
switches. A outputs of group of DTH LNBs are connected to the A
and B inputs of the Multi Switch.

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THE DTH SYSTEM CONTAINS TWO MAIN
UNITS :-

1. INDOOR UNIT
2. OUTDOOR UNIT

The indoor unit includes set-top box whereas the

outdoor unit includes a dish antenna.

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VARIOUS DTH PROVIDERS AVAILABLE :-

These are some renowned DTH providers available in

INDIA .

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INDOOR UNIT :-

Set-Top box :-

A set-top box (STB) is a device that connects to a television and

receives digital signals, allowing viewers to access a wide range of
content. It serves as an intermediary between the television and
various sources of content, including cable or satellite television,
streaming services, and internet-based content. Set-top boxes decode
the incoming signals and display the content on the television screen,
often providing additional features such as on-screen guides,
recording capabilities, and interactive services. With the rise of
streaming services and smart TVs, set-top boxes have evolved to
offer more advanced features such as 4K video support, voice
control, and integration with smart home devices. Overall, set-top
boxes play a crucial role in modern home entertainment systems,
providing viewers with access to diverse content and enhanced
viewing experiences.

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SET-TOP BOX PROVIDERS :-

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OUTDOOR UNIT :-
Dish antenna

A dish antenna, commonly known as a satellite dish, is a

parabolic-shaped antenna used to receive television, radio, or
internet signals from communication satellites in orbit around
the Earth. It works by reflecting signals from the satellite
onto a receiver, which then processes the signals for display
on a television or other receiving device. Dish antennas are
commonly used in satellite television systems, providing
viewers with access to a wide range of channels and
programming. They are often installed on rooftops,
balconies, or other elevated locations with an unobstructed
view of the sky to ensure clear reception of satellite signals.
Dish antennas come in various sizes, with larger dishes
typically providing better signal reception, especially in areas
with weak satellite coverage. Overall, dish antennas play a
crucial role in delivering satellite-based communications and
entertainment to homes and businesses around the world.

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 INSTALLATION PROCESS OF DTH AND DISH
ANTENNA :-

The installation process for a dish antenna and DTH (Direct-to-Home) service typically involve

1. Site Survey: A technician visits the installation location to assess factors such
as line-of-sight to the satellite, obstructions like trees or buildings, and suitable
mounting locations for the dish antenna.

2. Mounting: The technician mounts the dish antenna securely in the chosen
location, such as on the rooftop, balcony, or wall, using a mounting bracket
or pole. They ensure that the dish is aligned correctly to receive signals from
the satellite.

3. Cabling: The technician runs coaxial cables from the dish antenna to the
receiver unit inside the home. They may need to drill holes through walls
or ceilings to route the cables, ensuring a neat and tidy installation.

4. Receiver Setup: The technician installs the DTH receiver unit near the
television and connects it to the TV using HDMI or AV cables. They also
connect the receiver to a power source and the satellite dish via the coaxial
cable.

5. Alignment and Calibration: The technician adjusts the orientation and tilt of
the dish antenna to optimize signal reception. This typically involves using a
signal meter or receiver diagnostics to fine-tune the alignment for maximum
signal strength and quality.

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6. Testing: Once the installation is complete, the technician conducts tests to
verify that the dish antenna is receiving signals correctly and that the DTH
receiver is functioning properly. They may also assist the customer with initial
setup and channel scanning on the television.

7. Demonstration and Handover: The technician demonstrates how to use the

DTH remote control, navigate channels, and access additional features such as
interactive services or on-demand content. They provide basic troubleshooting
tips and instructions for contacting customer support if needed.

8. Payment and Documentation: The customer pays any applicable installation

fees or subscription charges, and the technician provides receipts, warranty
information, and installation documentation for the DTH service.

By following these steps, the installation of a dish antenna and DTH

service can be completed efficiently and successfully, ensuring reliable
access to satellite television programming.

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CONCLUSION :-

Thus,overall we can say that we were successfully able to

understand the DTH system and were also able to understand and
implement the installation process of DTH Receiver.Even we were
lso able to study various terms related to DTH system like its indoor
and outdoor unit i.e about set top box and dish antenna respectively.

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