Metric To Imperial Grade Equivalents

27/3/65 20:21 » Metric to Imperial Grade Equivalents
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Metric to Imperial Grade Equivalents
QWhat are the imperial/ASTM equivalents for metric fastener grades?

A Both ASTM F568M and ISO 898-1 outline several grades of metric fastener, from low carbon/low strength, up to high
strength/heat treated alloy grades. The equivalents listed below should be only considered as rough equivalents. Special
care should be taken before substituting grades to make sure that an acceptable substitute is being used. For example,
grade 8.8 has the same mechanical requirements all the way up to M80 (3-1/8”), however the ASTM equivalent, A449, low‐
ers its mechanical requirements as the diameter increases, necessitating a conversation between the purchaser and manu‐
facturer to decide the best way of satisfying the necessary mechanical requirements. Similarly, grade 12.9, where as com‐
mon in metric circles, has as its only ASTM mechanical equivalent, A574. A574, however, is a socket head cap screw stan‐
dard, so studs and hex bolts are left out and do not have a direct equivalent.
Portland Bolt is happy to help if you have specific questions or needs. We cannot manufacture metric sizes or bolts to metric
grades, and we are not able to make recommendations, but we can work with you to determine what is feasible and cost
effective if a substitution is allowed.
As always, an engineer should be consulted before grade substitutions are made.
Tensile, Yield,
Diameter Metric Approximate ASTM
Description min min
Range Grade Equivalent
Mpa ksi Mpa ksi
All 4.6 A307A Low or medium carbon steel 400 58 240 35
through 1" Cold worked low or medium carbon

5.8 - 520 75 420 61
(M24) steel
through 1"
8.8 A449 / F3125 Grade A325 Heat treated medium carbon steel 830 120 660 96
(M24)
A193B7/A354BC or
above 1" (M24) 8.8 Heat treated medium carbon steel 830 120 660 96
F1554G105
through 1-1/2" Heat treated medium carbon weathering

8.8.3 A325 Type 3 / A449 Type 3 830 120 660 96
(M36) steel
All 10.9 A490/A354BD Heat treated medium carbon alloy steel 1040 151 940 136
through 1-1/2" Heat treated medium carbon alloy

10.9.3 A490 Type 3 1040 151 940 136
(M36) weathering steel
All 12.9 A574 Heat treated alloy steel 1220 177 1100 160
Share  
Written December 12, 2012, modified October 29, 2014
Dane McKinnon
Phone: 503.219.6991
Email: dane@portlandbolt.com
https://www.portlandbolt.com/technical/faqs/imperial-astm-equivalents-for-metric-grades/ 1/12
79 comments
Franco
November 26, 2020 at 4:20 am
Hi Dane
As I understand it, the mechanical properties of A193B7 are achieved from the heat treatment of materials such as
SAE 4140 which is an alloy steel, however in the table you indicate that ASTM A193b7 is a medium carbon steel
with heat treatment. Is this correct?
 Dane McKinnon
December 3, 2020 at 10:02 am
@Franco- We can see where that could be confusing. What we were trying to say is that metric 8.8 is a medium
carbon steel. However, due to differences in the metric and imperial standards, A193 B7/A354 BC is a closer match
to mechanical properties in larger diameters than A449.
Kamlesh Rathod
October 12, 2020 at 9:43 pm
Can you send comparison chart for ASTM to EN Fastners standard?
 Dane McKinnon
October 15, 2020 at 9:59 am
@Kamlesh- Apologies, but we do not have a conversion chart for ASTM to EN grades, other than what is listed
above.
Saif
Can the M6 bolt of SA 193 grade B7 be substituted by DIN 933 grade 8.8?
 Dane McKinnon
@Saif- Those two bolts have many similarities, but they are not identical. We are not able to make any substitution
recommendations, you will need to contact the project engineer in order to approve any substitutions.
Hemant Sharma
July 28, 2020 at 11:13 pm
What is the alternative for LA-8740 bolt
 Dane McKinnon
July 29, 2020 at 8:26 am
@Hermant- Apologies, but we are not familiar with LA 8740 bolts. If you had more information, we would be happy
to look into it.
Hilmi
March 23, 2020 at 5:25 am
May I know if A193 B7 M48 bolt is a rolled or cut thread type?
 Dane McKinnon
March 23, 2020 at 10:20 am
@Hilmi- threads can be produced by either method, so you will need to check with your supplier and find out how
they are producing theirs. If we were to manufacture a bolt of that size (albeit in an imperial equivalent size), we
would cut thread them.
Milos
February 26, 2020 at 6:24 am
According to ASTM A163 GradeB7 (ASTM F1554 Grade 105) minimum specified yield strength 0.2 percent offset,
fya is 105,000 psi (724 Mpa) and for ISO 898-1 Class 8.8. has 92,800 psi (640Mpa). Can you still please confirm
equivalence betwen ASTM A163 GradeB7 (ASTM F1554 Grade 105) and ISO 898-1 Class 8.8 (Source ICC-ES Report
ESR-3187 Table 3). Thank you!
 Dane McKinnon
@Milos- We can confirm that the two grades (ASTM A193 B7 and ISO 898-1 Gr.8.8) share many similarities, and in
many cases can be substituted for one another. We cannot say however, that they are exactly equivalent, only
similar.
Heinrich
January 22, 2020 at 10:41 am
Hi
Looking for 10.9 imperial bolts or Caterpillar bolts do you keep these bolts
 Dane McKinnon
January 23, 2020 at 10:35 am
@Heinrich- Apologies, we do not stock any 10.9 or standard Caterpillar bolts. We specialize in custom construction
anchor bolt. We can make specials for the OEM industry, and would be happy to quote if you are needing some‐
thing non-standard, but it isn’t our primary niche.
Alejandro Mendez
Hi Dane
Is an ISO 898-1 grade 5.6 equivalent to ASTM 307 Grade B?

I’ve noticed in the above table 5.6 is not mentioned (either 4.6 or 5.8)
Thanks in advance!
 Dane McKinnon
@Alejandro- ISO 898-1 class 5.6 is a valid property class. It appears to be very similar to 5.8, but with slight varia‐
tions in the required chemistry and mechanicals. It also requires a charpy impact test. We would say that it is simi‐
lar to A307B in that it is mild steel and lower in strength, but it is not an identical crossover.
James
September 26, 2019 at 5:51 am
Good Morning,
I was asked to use a DIN931 – M20X90-10.9D1G bolt. Would an A325 Galv Assembly be comparable (I know I
would have to get approval from my engineer but metric is proving to be difficult to find).
Thanks
 Dane McKinnon
@James- Grade 10.9 is a slightly higher strength fastener than ASTM A325 (approximately 150ksi vs 120ksi ten‐
sile), and will have slightly different dimensions(head size, thread length). It is certainly possible that an A325 will
work in your application, but you are correct in needing an engineer to approve that kind of substitution.
Soebroto
Dear Dane,
Could we use B7 studbolt in place of G.12.9 studbolt?
 Dane McKinnon
@Soebroto- We don’t think that a B7 bolt is as strong as a 12.9 bolt, so you would need to have that substitution
approved by the project engineer.
Mashkoor Alam
June 23, 2019 at 9:10 pm
what is the Diffrence between the A490 M & 10S,can you explain?
 Dane McKinnon
June 27, 2019 at 7:44 am
@Mashkoor- An A490M bolt is a male threaded heavy hex structural bolt, whereas the A563 10S is the female
threaded heavy hex nut used with the aforementioned bolt.
Asad
May 6, 2019 at 11:50 pm
Greetings to ALL,
My black finished 10.9 grade nut and bolts are getting rusty. How can I avoid it as I cant do hot dip galvanization
due to Hydrogen embritlement according to ASTM F 568 Section 4.6 and Note 1.
 Dane McKinnon
May 7, 2019 at 11:32 am
@Asad- You are correct that caution should be used when galvanizing 10.9 bolts. There are several other coating
options; zinc, Geomet, or other various proprietary coatings that are alternatives to hot dip galvanizing. F568M,
which is no longer in use, does not prohibit other coatings. ISO 898-1 is the current standard for metric 10.9, 8.8,
12.9 etc grades, and it may have different coating guidelines, but we are not as familiar with the ISO standard, so
are unable to discuss thoroughly.
Ramiz G Gilada
February 23, 2019 at 3:47 pm
Is it permissible (by Code) to reuse previously torqued (torqued to specification) ASTM325, ASTM325M and Grade
8.8 bolts
 Dane McKinnon
@Ramiz- The AISC says that galvanized A325 bolts shall never be reused, whereas for plain finish bolts they can be
used at the discretion of the project engineer. We are not aware of any such guidelines for 8.8 bolts.
https://www.portlandbolt.com/technical/faqs/rules-for-reusing-bolts/
Mechanical user
Is it possible to use bolt classe 8.8 instead of A325 and A307, if ok , could you please confirm that they have the
same chemical properties ( to avoid corrosion)
 Dane McKinnon
In order to substitute, you’d need approval from the project engineer. 8.8 bolts should have similar chemistry as
A325 bolts (although not identical), but both will be quite different than an A307 bolt. None of the three will have
any inherent corrosion resistance unless you choose to coat them.
Tom
August 14, 2018 at 2:07 pm
Can A490 be used as a substitute for 10.9 bolts?
 Dane McKinnon
August 16, 2018 at 8:54 am
@Tom- Any material substitutions should be approved by the project engineer. That said, A490 bolts and 10.9 bolts
have very similar mechanical requirements, so if the dimensional differences of the A490 do not cause any concern,
we also see no major concern.
Ashraf Osama
April 15, 2018 at 10:02 am
hello gents
could you please advise are bolts A-193 Gr.B7 can replace grade 8.8 ?
 Dane McKinnon
April 19, 2018 at 8:04 am
@Ashraf- A193 B7 is mechanically similar to 8.8, but can vary chemically. We do not see an issue in replacing 8.8
with B7, but as always, the project engineer should approve any substitution.
George
Hello Dave.
What is the advantage of using bolts 8.8 coated with hot dipped galvanized and Dacromet?
Which process would hydrogen embrittlement be the most affected.
We want to use these bolts for structural steel bases.
Thanks
George
 Dane McKinnon
November 16, 2017 at 3:18 pm
@George – 8.8 bolts are heat treated and high strength, but not high enough strength that they are susceptible to
hydrogen embrittlement. They can be hot dip galvanized without embrittlement issues. Dacromet is also allowed,
but it is being discontinued due to ROHS concerns.
HARESHCHANDRA MANE
What is equivalent grade of EN iso 898-1
 Dane McKinnon
@Hareshchandra – We are not very familiar with ISO 898, but we do believe there are many grades (4.6, 8.8, 10.9,
12.9 etc) within that standard with have rough, but not exact equivalents to ASTM standards. We’d be happy to
talk you through the specifics of whichever grade you are working with if you’d like to contact us through either this
website, email, phone, or live chat.
Dinesh Kumar Guruswamy

July 25, 2017 at 4:29 am
what is the youngs modukus value for ASTM A574 material?
 Dane McKinnon
July 25, 2017 at 8:02 am
@Dinesh- We are sorry, but we don’t have that information.
nisa
July 19, 2017 at 11:09 am
for A307A how its measurement mention in MTC ..? in inch or Metric ,why..?
suppose if mention in metric(eg:M12x100) in mtc its is acceptable..? please replay
 Dane McKinnon
July 24, 2017 at 2:35 pm
@Nisa- We are sorry, but are unsure of what you are asking. We sell and can manufacture inch-dimensioned prod‐
ucts. We do not handle metrics nor do we know much about them.
Bilal
July 4, 2017 at 4:26 am
Dear,
Can you please advise for below alternative Bolts/Nuts material. Application is Deaerator Columns, for bolting
Columns to module structure:
1. ASTM A325M T-1 in place of Gr. 8.8 for Bolts

2. A194 Gr 2H in place of ASTM A563 Gr. DH for Nuts
 Dane McKinnon
July 5, 2017 at 12:27 pm
@Bilal- For the bolts, those grades are very similar from a chemical and mechanical standpoint, but any substitution
should approved by the project engineer as there are subtle differences between the two. For the nuts, A194 2H is
an allowable substitution per ASTM.
Abdelaziz
May 25, 2017 at 6:55 am
is it possible to use 10.9 as equivalent to a193 b7?
as I know, A193 B7 bolt is low alloy steel fit to high temprature service up to around 400 C, while all bolts manufac‐
tured to iso 898 (such like 10.9) is normally applicable to be used only under 150 C.
So Im worry that 10.9 cannot replace B7 bolt in high temprature service.
 Dane McKinnon
May 25, 2017 at 7:22 am
@Abdelaziz- You are correct, 10.9 should not be substituted for A193 B7 without an engineer’s approval. B7 is for‐
mulated for high temperature applications, whereas 10.9 is for general purpose use.
Leon
March 2, 2017 at 6:53 pm
is that ok to use material C1015 to produce the item which requires grade 5.8?
kindly ask you to reply, thank you
 Dane McKinnon
March 7, 2017 at 2:30 pm
@Leon- As long as the C1015 material you chose to use meets the mechanical and chemical requirements of 5.8,
then you can use it. C1015 is typically furnished as chemicals only, so you may need to test it to assure the proper
mechanical requirements are met.
Remis
Can i use 8.8 grade bolts instead of ASTM A325M
 Dane McKinnon
@Remis- You would need to have that substitution approved by the project engineer. There are similarities between
those bolts, but some differences as well.
Vinu Jose
July 2, 2017 at 5:07 am
Yes, it can be substituted each other (ASTM A325M bolt is equivalent to the properties of an ASTM F568 Class 8.8
(ISO 898/I) And please refer to Section 4.1 of ASTM A325M.
David Sharples
Hello Dane, Could you please help me. Can a Grade 8.8 foundation bolt be used at minus 25 Centigrade. Many
thanks in advance, regards, David.
 Dane McKinnon
December 9, 2016 at 1:31 pm
@David- We don’t have a lot of experience with 8.8 bolts, so we are not sure how they would perform in cold tem‐
peratures. A charpy test would tell you if the 8.8 bolts maintain their ductility at cold temperatures.
Chris
High, Can you tell me the CTE of a grade 8.8 bolt?
Thanks
 Dane McKinnon
@Chris- Apologies, but we are unsure what CTE means. If you could clarify, we’d be happy to help if we can.
Prashun
what is ISO grade equivalent to A307 GRADE B
 Dane McKinnon
@Prashun- Apologies, but we are not familiar enough with all the various ISO standards to know which grade is the
closest equivalent.
Eman Nasser
what is ISO grade equivalent to A307 GRADE B
 Dane McKinnon
@Eman- Apologies but we are not familiar enough with ISO fastener standards to know what the equivalent would
be.
KK
Can Grade 8.8 bolts be used against A193 B7 requirement?
 Dane McKinnon
@KK-No, A193 B7 is a high strength bolting material designed for high temperature, high pressure applications.
Grade 8.8 is a medium strength bolt for general purpose applications. They should not be substituted without ap‐
proval from the project engineer.
Ken
May 17, 2016 at 5:41 pm
Hi Dane ,
Are you the contact person for your company ? I have sent a no. of enquiry but no reply at all. Kindly advise con‐
tact details. Thank you.
 Dane McKinnon
May 18, 2016 at 7:10 am
@Ken- If you are sending in a sales inquiry, please send it to sales@portlandbolt.com. If you are sending a pur‐
chasing inquiry, please send it to me.
Dinar
February 24, 2016 at 7:57 pm
Dear Dane,
Please advise. Are there any advantages (or disadvantages) in using structural bolt A325 in mm instead of in inch
(for example M16 vs 5/8″ bolt) ?
Thank you and Regards,
Dinar
 Dane McKinnon
March 4, 2016 at 8:59 am
@Dinar- As long as the bolt meets the requirements of the application, and fits in the hole, you should be able to
use either metric or imperial fasteners depending on which is more readily available.
rohit chaudhary
January 15, 2016 at 11:38 am
thank u mr. McKinnon for sharing the valuable information with us…… I just want to know the Metric Equivalent for
Heavy He bolt conforming to ASTM A-307, Grade B standard please…
Thank u
 Dane McKinnon
January 18, 2016 at 9:17 am
@Rohit- I am not aware of a direct equivalent, but ISO 898-1 gr.4.6 would be similar.
David J. Reid
Do you have the following info for metric grade 5.8: Enlong % min, RA % min and Hardness Rockwell min and
max.
 Dane McKinnon

@David- It does not appear that class 5.8 fasteners have any requirement for elongation or reduction of area %.
The minimum hardness is 82 HRB.
Niels Voigt
September 20, 2015 at 11:20 pm
Is A574 susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement in the same way as 12.9?
 Dane McKinnon
@Niels- Yes, A574 screws have a specified minimum tensile strength of 170-180ksi (depending on diameter), and
the threshold for hydrogen embrittlement concerns is 150ksi.
Aidin
May 12, 2015 at 12:17 pm
Hi,
Could you please give me the equivalent din material number for ASTM F 1554 Grade 36- 55-105 ?
Thanks.
 Dane McKinnon
May 14, 2015 at 12:23 pm
@Aidin- Apologies, I do not know what those equivalents are.
Ranjith rajeevan
April 18, 2015 at 11:03 pm
what is the equivalent ASTM bolt for DIN-933 and DIN-6914. is it possible to change A325 and A490 bolts with
these DIN Bolts. is there reference for the same.
 Dane McKinnon
April 23, 2015 at 11:51 am
@Ranjith- Thank you for your question, but we are unfamiliar with the DIN standards, so cannot help in this case.
Apologies.
Michael Nordstrom
First off thank you for all the technical information Portland Bolt has brought together and made available to the
public. I find myself here almost every work day.
Is it acceptable to use the A193 GR B8 and B8M as a rough equivalent for metric 304 and 316 stainless steel bolts?
Also, does the A449 have to be used or is it acceptable to use SAE J429 Gr 5 as a material specification for plain
carbon steel metric bolts. I just want to avoid creating issues for our procurement team by using the wrong spec?
 Dane McKinnon
@Michael- B8 and B8M is 304 and 316, respectively. As long as you convert the diameter units, using B8/B8M
should be fine. As for A449/gr.5, neither will be available (as far as I know) in metric. The approximate metric
equivalent to A449/gr.5 is ISO 898 gr.8.8. Those should be pretty easily obtainable.
Parminder Singh
July 18, 2014 at 8:23 am
Hi,
Is heat treatment is required for 6.8 grade.
Thanks.
 Dane McKinnon
July 18, 2014 at 9:24 am
@Parminder – Apologies, but we are not familiar with any grade 6.8, do you have any more information?
Vasant
June 24, 2014 at 9:32 pm
We want to go for Anchor bolts with SI system. For that i found A563M-04 for Nuts, F436M-93 for washers, but
F1554 for anchor bolts is available only with FPS system. What shall be refered for its SI equivalent. I failed to
found it. Requested to give your openion.
 Dane McKinnon
July 2, 2014 at 6:28 am
@Vasant – I am not aware of any direct metric equivalent for F1554. That said, if you can find a manufacturer who
can manufacture to metric dimensions, there is no reason they cannot just make bolts to meet the chemical and
mechanical requirements of F1554, but with metric dimensions.

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27/3/65 20:21 » Metric to Imperial Grade Equivalents

Metric to Imperial Grade Equivalents

QWhat are the imperial/ASTM equivalents for metric fastener grades?

As always, an engineer should be consulted before grade substitutions are made.

All 4.6 A307A Low or medium carbon steel 400 58 240 35

through 1" Cold worked low or medium carbon

through 1-1/2" Heat treated medium carbon weathering

through 1-1/2" Heat treated medium carbon alloy

Is an ISO 898-1 grade 5.6 equivalent to ASTM 307 Grade B?

Could we use B7 studbolt in place of G.12.9 studbolt?

Can A490 be used as a substitute for 10.9 bolts?

Dinesh Kumar Guruswamy

1. ASTM A325M T-1 in place of Gr. 8.8 for Bolts

December 10, 2015 at 8:22 am

Is heat treatment is required for 6.8 grade.

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