Bio 101 WWU Exam 1

the evolutionary process by which a population becomes better

adaptation
matched to its habitat
an inherited characteristic that enables an organism to function
adaptive trait
well and therefore to survive/reproduce better than competitors
archaea microscopic, single-celled prokaryotes that arose after bacteria
the smallest unit of a chemical element that still has properties of
atom
that element
acid a chemical compound that can give up a hydrogen ion
shorthand used to represent the atomic composition of salts and
chemical formula
molecules
disaccharide a molecule made up of two linked monosaccharides
DNA info for genes
contains one or more protons means positive charge and vice
nucleus
versa
atomic number the number of protons in an atom's nucleus
biomolecule chemical substances unique to living cells
the mutual interaction that causes two atoms to associate with
chemical bond
each other
covalent bonds formed by the sharing of electrons between atoms
salts atoms that are bound exclusively through ionic bonds
electron a negatively charged particle found in atoms
one of several defined volumes of space in which electrons move
electron shell
around the nucleus of the atom
a pure substance that has distinctive physical and chemical prop-
element erties and cannot be broken down to other substances (periodic
table is made of these)
a weak electrical attraction between a hydrogen atom that has
hydrogen bond a slight positive charge and a neighboring atom with a slight
negative charge
hydrophilic substances that interact freely with water
hydrophobic molecules that do not interact freely with water
an atom or group of atoms that has either gained or lost electrons
ion
and therefore has a negative or positive charge
plasma membrane the phospholipid bilayer that forms the outer boundary of any cell
polar molecule a molecule that has an uneven distribution of electrical charge
polysaccharide a polymer composed of many linked monosaccharides
proton a positively charged particle found in atoms
matter anything that has mass and occupies space
neutron a particle found in the nucleus that has no electrical charge
a molecule that has an equal distribution of electrical charge
nonpolar molecule
across all its constituent atoms
a molecule that contains at least one carbon covalently bonded to
organic molecule
one or more hydrogen atoms
a scale that indicates the concentration of hydrogen ions in a
pH scale
solution
soluble able to be dissolved especially in water
solute a dissolved substance
solution any combination of a solute and solvent

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Bio 101 WWU Exam 1

solvent a liquid in which a solute has dissolved

Any monosaccharide or disaccharide, used especially by organ-
sugar
isms to store energy
behavior sensing and responding to external cues
a change in the overall genetic characteristics of a group of
biological evolution
organisms over multiple generations of parents and offspring
from atoms at the lowest level to the entire biosphere at the highest
biological hierarchy
level (series of living things)
biology the study of life
a large area of the biosphere that is characterized according to its
biome
unique climatic and ecological features
all living organisms on earth together with the environments in
biosphere
which they live
cell the smallest and most basic unit of life
an association of populations of different species that live in the
community
same area
an organism that obtains its energy by eating other organisms or
consumer
their remains
a statistical relation indicating that two or more phenomena be-
correlation
have in an interrelated matter
data information that answers where, when or how much
any variable that responds or could potentially respond to changes
dependent variable
in the independent variable
the sequence of predictable changes that occur over the life of an
development
organism as it grows and matures to the reproductive stage
in reference to biological classification systems, the highest level
domain
in the Linnaean hierarchy immediately above kingdom
a community of organisms together with the physical environment
ecosystem
in which the organisms live
One of the three domains of life. Includes four kingdomms (ani-
Eukarya
malia, plantae, fungi and protista)
a repeatable manipulation of one or more aspects of the natural
experiment
world
fertilization the fusion of egg and sperm to produce a fertilized egg cell
the kingdom of Eukarya made up of absorptive heterotrophs
fungi
(consumers that absorb their food after digesting it externally
)
independent variable the single variable that is manipulated
individual a single organism
metabolism the capture, storage and use of energy by living organisms
microbe a minute organism visible only with a microscope
evolutionary mechanism-- individuals in a population that possess
natural selection particular inherited characteristics survive and reproduce at a
higher rate
organisms capture energy from sunlight and use it to synthesize
photosynthesis
sugars from CO2 and water
a group of interacting individuals of a single species located within
population
a certain area
organism that uses energy from an external source such as sun-
producer
light to produce its own food

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 Bio 101 WWU Exam 1

single-celled organism that does not have a nucleaus (members

prokaryote
of bacteria or achaea)
oldest kingdom or eukarya-- made up of a diverse collection of
protista
mostly single celled organisms
a characteristic of any object or individual organism that can
variable
change
a method of inquiry that provides a rational way to discover truths
science
about the natural world
a direct and repeatable observation of any aspect of the natural
scientific fact
world
an informed, logical and plausible explanation for observations of
scientific hypothesis
the natural world
a series of steps in which the investigator develops a hypothesis,
scientific method tests its predictions with experiments, and then changes or dis-
cards the hypothesis
a major explanation about the natural world that has been con-
scientific theory firmed through extensive testing in diverse ways by independent
researchers
individuals that can interbreed in their natural surroundings to
species
produce fertile offspring
technology the practical application of scientific techniques and principles
a collection of coordinated and specialized cells that together fulfill
tissue
a particular function for the organism
Which is not one of the kingdoms of Eukarya: Bacteria, Fungi,
Bacteria
Protista
True or false: an organ consists of a group of cells of the same
false
type that perform one special function

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