Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Prepared by Public Works Department, Government of Karnataka for the Asian Development Bank (ADB).
The initial environmental examination is a document of the borrower. The views expressed herein do not
necessarily represent those of ADB’s Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in
nature.
LIST OF ACRONYMS and Definition of Terms
TABLE OF CONTENTS
E EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................................................... 1
E1 Project background: ............................................................................................................... 1
E2 Scope of Works...................................................................................................................... 1
E3 Improvement proposal............................................................................................................ 1
E4 Key Environmental Laws & Policies: ...................................................................................... 2
E5 Applicability of EIA Notification 2006 and ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement 2009 .............. 2
E6 Clearances required for the project: ....................................................................................... 2
E7 Baseline Environment: ........................................................................................................... 3
E8 Analysis of Alternatives: ......................................................................................................... 4
E9 Anticipated environmental impacts and mitigation measures: ................................................ 4
E10 Stakeholder Consultation: ...................................................................................................... 7
E11 Environmental Management Plan: ......................................................................................... 7
1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................... 9
1.1 Project Background................................................................................................................ 9
1.2 Objectives of the Study: ....................................................................................................... 10
1.3 Extent of IEE ........................................................................................................................ 11
1.4 Methodology ........................................................................................................................ 11
1.5 IEE Content.......................................................................................................................... 11
1.6 Organisational structure of Project Implementation Unit (PIU) ............................................. 12
2 DESCRIPTION OF SUBPROJECT ............................................................................................. 14
2.1 Subproject Location ............................................................................................................. 14
2.1.1 Scope of Works............................................................................................................. 14
2.1.2 Improvement proposal .................................................................................................. 14
2.1.3 Corridor of Impact (CoI) and Right of Way (RoW) ......................................................... 14
2.1.4 Traffic Details per Route ............................................................................................... 16
2.1.5 Alignment and Profile .................................................................................................... 16
2.1.6 Realignments and Bypasses......................................................................................... 16
2.1.7 Major and minor junctions ............................................................................................. 16
2.1.8 Road Construction Materials ......................................................................................... 16
2.1.9 Street Furniture ............................................................................................................. 17
2.1.10 Bus Lay-bays ................................................................................................................ 17
2.1.11 Constructions and replacement of bridges and culverts ................................................ 17
2.1.12 Railway Crossing: ......................................................................................................... 18
2.1.13 Design Cross Sections and Road widening and improvements: ................................... 18
2.2 Schedule for Implementation................................................................................................ 21
3 POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATION FRAMEWORK ......................................................... 22
3.1 Policies and Regulatory Framework of the Government of India.......................................... 22
3.1.1 Constitutional Provisions ............................................................................................... 22
3.1.2 Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974: ................................................. 22
3.1.3 Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 ....................................................... 22
3.1.4 The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 ....................................................................... 23
3.1.5 EIA Notification (September 2006 and February 2009): ................................................ 23
3.1.6 Interpretation and applicability of EIA Notification, 2006 for subproject road: ................ 23
3.1.7 Environmental Clearance Process ................................................................................ 24
3.1.8 The Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989................................. 26
3.1.9 Wildlife Protection Act, 1972 ......................................................................................... 26
3.1.10 The Indian Forest Act, 1927 .......................................................................................... 26
3.1.11 Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (as amended in 1988) ................................................ 26
3.1.12 The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act 1958 .................. 27
3.1.13 Fly Ash Notification, 1999 ............................................................................................. 27
3.1.14 Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991............................................................................... 28
3.1.15 The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 ....................................................................................... 28
3.2 Asian Development Bank’s Safeguard Policy Statement (June 2009).................................. 28
3.3 Administrative Framework:................................................................................................... 29
3.3.1 Ministry of Environment and Forest............................................................................... 29
3.3.2 Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB),....................................................................... 29
3.3.3 Karnataka State Pollution Control Board (KSPCB), ...................................................... 29
3.3.4 The Environmental Management Plan Implementation Unit (EMPIU) ........................... 29
iv
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1-1: Details of ADB funded Subproject roads under KSHIP II................................................... 10
Table 2-1: Present and projected traffic by vehicle types along the subproject road .......................... 16
Table 2-2: Details of road construction materials and their locations. ................................................. 17
Table 2-3: Details on treatment proposals for culverts of the subproject roads................................... 18
Table 2-4: Details on treatment proposals for bridges of the subproject roads ................................... 18
Table 2-5: Guiding Parameters for up gradation of Road in project area............................................ 18
Table 3-1: List of clearances required for the subproject .................................................................... 31
Table 4-1: The normal and actual average rainfall (in mm) in the project en route ............................. 32
Table 4-2: Average Mean Maximum and Mean Minimum Temperature (0 C) of the Project Area....... 33
Table 4-3: Water Contours and water Yield........................................................................................ 34
Table 4-4: Water Quality along the Project area ................................................................................. 35
Table 4-5: Soil characteristics in subproject area ............................................................................... 36
Table 4-6: Demographic Features of the Study Area.......................................................................... 38
Table 4-7: Workforce in project area (Rural)....................................................................................... 38
Table 5-1: Various alternatives of the project ..................................................................................... 41
Table 5-2: Cross sectional alternatives considered in the subproject. ................................................ 42
Table 6-1: Emission factors of different vehicles (g/Km)..................................................................... 46
Table 6-2: Pollution load of pollutants along the project routes (in Tons/Km) ..................................... 46
Table 6-3: Noise sensitive locations along the subproject .................................................................. 48
Table 6-4: Noise level (in dB (A)) due to Traffic along the project Road links ..................................... 48
Table 6-5: Water supply sources likely affected link wise in the project area (in Nos.) ....................... 53
Table 6-6: Girth wise likely impact on avenue trees (in Nos.) ............................................................. 56
Table 6-7: List of utilities being affected by the proposed roads (in Nos.)........................................... 60
Table 6-8: The Religious and cultural structures under impact in the project area (in Nos.) ............... 60
Table 6-9: The Community structure under impact in the project area (in Nos.) ................................. 60
Table 7-1: Major findings of consultations - 48 A................................................................................ 66
Table 8-1: Environmental Management Plan (Part-A) ........................................................................ 68
Table 8-2: Environmental Management Plan – Bridges (Part-B) ........................................................ 91
Table 8-3: Environmental monitoring for Air, Water, Noise and Soil ................................................. 103
Table 8-4: Performance Indicators and monitoring plan ................................................................... 105
Table 8-5: Reporting System............................................................................................................ 108
Table 8-6: Summary Details of Reporting Formats........................................................................... 108
Table 8-7: Training Modules for Environmental Management .......................................................... 113
Table 8-8 : Bill of Quantities for Implementation of Environmental Management Action Plan to be
executed under Civil Works Contract ............................................................................................... 114
vi
Table 8-9: Bill of Quantities for Environmental Management Action Plan - Mandatory Works to be
implemented by Government Departments/ agencies as per regulatory requirements. ................... 116
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1-1: Organisation Structure of Project Implementation Unit (PIU)........................................... 13
Figure 2-1: Geographical location of the subproject road ................................................................... 15
Figure 2-2: The rural and urban cross sections of the road in the proposed subproject road ............. 19
Figure 2-3: Implementation schedule of the subproject road .............................................................. 21
Figure 3-1: The procedure for obtaining environmental clearance...................................................... 25
Figure 4-1: Wind-rose Mangalore Meteorological Station ................................................................... 33
Figure 8-1: Relationship among Environmental Specialist of CSC, KSHIP and the contractor ......... 111
ANNEXURE
ANNEX 1: PHYSIOGRAPHY OF THE PROJECT AREA ................................................................. 119
ANNEX 2: CLIMATIC CONDITION OF THE PROJECT AREA. ....................................................... 120
ANNEX 3: DRAINAGE AND RIVER BASINS OF THE PROJECT AREA........................................ 121
ANNEX 4: IRRIGATION AND HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE PROJECT AREA ................................. 122
ANNEX 5: ROCKS AND MINERALS IN THE PROJECT AREA....................................................... 123
ANNEX 6: SOIL TYPE OF THE PROJECT AREA ........................................................................... 124
ANNEX 7: GENERAL LAND USE AND CROPPING PATTERN OF THE PROJECT AREA. ........... 125
ANNEX 8: FORESTLAND TYPE IN THE PROJECT AREA. ............................................................ 126
ANNEX 9: RAPID ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT (REA) CHECKLIST –ROADS and HIGHWAYS
127
E EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
E1 Project background:
E2 Scope of Works
2. The scope of works involve Upgradation works of improving existing single-lane and
intermediate lane roads to 12m roadway with standard 2-lane 7m carriageway and alignment
improvements to relevant IRC standards and other associated road and bridge works
including improvement of major and minor bridges, culverts, road intersections, drains, road
geometrics and road furniture.
E3 Improvement proposal
Remove high shoulders & grub out bushes (some trees may get removed);
Remove existing pavement and widening to the required width;
Raise existing embankment where ever the possibility of seepage across the
road line exists; presence or likelihood of field irrigation close to the road and
where nature of soil is expansive in nature;
Widen road formation to the required width depending on the cross section types;
Construct new wider pavement with paved or unpaved shoulder, including
surfacing and providing footpaths, ditches and drains, covered drains wherever
necessary.
The upgradation works also include geometric improvements, structural
improvements, repair/construction of bridges and culverts, junction
improvements, etc.
2
5. The Constitutional Provisions like Article 48 and 51-A (g) and 74th Amendment to the
Constitution serve as principle guidelines of environmental protection. Further Regulations,
Acts, Policies applicable to sustainability and environmental protection are as follows.
- EIA Notification, September 2006 & February 2009
- The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
- The Water (Prevention and Control) Act, 1974
- The Air (Prevention and Control) Act, 1981
- The Indian Forest Act, 1927
- The Karnataka Forest Act, 1963
- The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 (as amended in 1988)
- The Forest Conservation Rules, 1981
- The Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
- The Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989
- National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995
- National Environment Appellate Authority Act, 1997
- The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act 1958
- Town and Country Planning Act, 1976
- The Motor Vehicles Act 1988
- Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
- Coastal Regulation Zones Act
- The Factories Act 1956
6. The other guidelines and norms related to road construction by Indian Road
Congress that help for environmental protection include, IRC: 104-1988, IRC: 36-1974, IRC:
10-1961, IRC: 36-1970, IRC: 43-1972, IRC: 72-1978, IRC: 33-1982, etc.
8. After reviewing the various applicable acts and statutes, as mentioned above, it is
suggested that some clearances and permission are required for the project. A summary of
clearances required for the present project is shown in the following table.
Sl. Authority Granting When
Subject Remarks
No. Clearance required
1 Environmental State Environmental Before Not under the purview of MoEF’s
Clearance Appraisal Committee, Construction EIA Notification, 2006.
GoK.
2 Tree cutting Department of Forest, Before KSHIP’s responsibility.
permission. GoK Construction Application for tree cutting
3
E8 Analysis of Alternatives:
10. The subproject road is an existing State Highway with very limited alignment
alternatives for selection. However analysis of alternatives have been done for bypasses,
realignments, cross section types and construction materials alternatives to avoid the places
of congestion, human settlements, environmentally sensitive areas, different construction
materials etc. keeping in view traffic condition, obligatory points, geometric designs,
congestions and socio economic viability and other environmental aspects of the region.
There are no realignments and bypasses considered along the Padubidri – Karkala
subproject. Four cross section types have been considered for various stretches of the
subproject. Discussion also includes consideration of alternatives such as no project
scenario; project with alternatives and project with mitigation measures and alternatives
Project with alternatives and project with mitigation measures were found acceptable.
Following cross section type alternatives have been considered for the subproject.
11. Some of the significant environmental impacts of Padubidri – Karkala subproject road
on the natural environment and nearby communities are discussed in the section. These
impacts could be largely mitigated through engineering designs, good construction practices
accompanied by a site specific mitigation measures.
13. There would be an increase in daytime temperature near the newly paved surfaces
of the road due to increase in the surface area of blacktop of widened road. This impact shall
be mitigated by planting rows of avenue plantations.
14. Raising of embankment height and improvement of both longitudinal and cross
drainage shall be done to avoid flooding of flood prone section. Run off water recharge pits
shall be constructed to facilitate the infiltration of runoff water into the ground.
15. Air quality along the subproject road alignment; congested major settlements
locations like Padubidri, Belmane, Karkala and at construction establishments such as
batching plants, hot mix plants, crushers, etc. will be adversely impacted temporarily during
construction activities. Asphalt plants, crushers and batching plants shall be sited at least 1
km in the downwind direction from the nearest human settlement. Vehicles delivering loose
and fine materials like sand and fine aggregates shall be covered to reduce spills on existing
roads. Water will be sprayed on earthworks, temporary haulage and detour roads on a
5
regular basis. The hot mix plants will be fitted with dust extraction units and
cyclones/scrubbers to reduce exhaust gases.
16. There will be gradual enhancement of air pollution due to increase in number of
vehicles on the improved roads. Avenue and median plantation along the road sides and
medians respectively should help to control dust and fugitive emissions by operating
vehicles from reaching the receptors.
17. The impacts on noise due to the project will be of significance in both the
construction as well as the operation stages. The community abutting subproject road and
construction establishments will be adversely affected by increase in noise level due to
operating equipments and construction activities of subproject road. All mitigation measures
such as use of enclosures, walls, installation of mufflers around noisy equipment;
substituting quieter equipment or construction methods; timing of noisier construction and
demolition activities; providing Personnel Protective Equipments (PPE) to the workers;
locating construction establishments away from sensitive receptors; construction of noise
barriers at sensitive receptors; etc.
19. Paved surface of the road will reduce the percolation of runoff water and decreases
the ground water recharge. Ground water recharge pits shall be provided at suitable
intervals to facilitate the recharge of runoff water in to the ground to counter the impact of
decreased percolation and increased runoff from the paved surface of the subproject road.
20. There are small streams Gurupura river in the impact zone and Swarna river in the
influence zone and few small streams crossed by the subproject road which are impacted
temporarily during construction of road embankments, cuts and fills, construction of cross
drainage structures temporarily increases the silt inflow to the surface water bodies affecting
the aquatic ecology of the water bodies. Some of the water supply units adjacent to
subproject road within proposed RoW will be impacted. Waste water generated at the
construction camps and labour camps will pollute the surface water bodies if disposed
6
untreated. The impact on surface water bodies and other water supply resources shall be
mitigated by constructing cross drainage structures during the lean flow periods of summer
to minimize the impacts and provision for silt traps made at regular intervals, especially at
major cross drainage structures to trap the silt before it reaches the water bodies. All the
water resources and water supply connections such as bore wells, taps, water cisterns,
pipelines, etc. being impacted by the project shall be relocated before the construction starts.
All liquid wastes generated from the construction camp and labour camp shall be treated to
meet the prescribed norms before disposal.
21. Total of 2,337 trees are impacted due to the project. Rows of approximately 5,560
avenue trees shall be planted on both sides of the subproject for the entire length of sub
project road.
22. Road projects aim to improve urban and rural area connectivity, which in turn will
improve economic and social welfare of rural communities by improved access of rural
communities to markets, jobs, and education and health services. Tourism of the region will
be boosted contributing to the local economic activities. Good roads reduce travel time, fuel
consumption and pollutants emitted by the operating vehicles.
23. A variety of utilities serving the regional needs like electric poles, electric
transformers, telephone poles, telephone junction boxes which are within impact zone shall
be impacted. Some of the religious structures such as temples, mosque, church, shrines,
arali kattes and community structures such as schools, hospitals, bus shelters, etc. along
subproject road are impacted directly or indirectly. Mitigation measures include shifting of all
utilities before the start of construction; relocation of religious and community structures after
consulting the public.
24. During construction of roads there will be major or minor accidents envisaged by lack
of knowledge on handling of new equipments, workers functioning without proper personal
protective equipment and without possessing first aid facilities at work sites. Workers at
construction and batching plants shall be compulsorily equipped with personal protective
equipments along with first aid facilities for all the construction workers. Periodical health
check-up of the workers are to be arranged by the contactors to ensure good health for
workers. Implementation of road safety plan during project implementation is an important
mitigation measure. Labour camp shall not be located within 1000m of major habitations to
avoid disease outbreak and communicable diseases. Arrangement for storage and supply of
potable water shall be made to the workers.
25. During construction it is usual that the operating traffic will be affected to some extent
and near by public and commuting transportation will suffer the inconvenience, additional
time, cost and distance. Contractor shall at all times carry out construction work on the road
in manner creating least interference to the free flow of traffic as per the approved Traffic
Management Plan for the diversion of traffic on the subproject road.
26. Significant positive and negative impacts due to project are summarized in the
following impact matrix.
7
Physical Biological
Geology
Environment Environment Topo-
Environmental Attributes
Nois Natural graphy
Air Water Flora Fauna Soil
e Drainage
I. Construction Phase
Labour Camp Activities -ve/t
Quarrying -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p -ve/p
Material Transport & Storage -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t
Drilling and Blasting -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p
Pavement works -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/p -ve/t -ve/p
Use of Construction
-ve/t -ve/t -ve/t
Equipment
Cutting of Trees -ve/p
Plantation +ve/
+ve/p +ve/p +ve/p
p
Culvert and Bridge
-ve/t -ve/t -ve/p
Construction
Stripping of Topsoil -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t
Debris Generation -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t -ve/t
Oil and Grease -ve/t -ve/t
II. Operational Phase
Vehicular Movement +ve/
+ve/t +ve/t -ve/p
p
Note: t – Temporary; p- Permanent; Impacts indicated in bold letters are Significant Impacts.
E10 Stakeholder Consultation:
27. Consultations during feasibility studies and environmental assessment stage have
been conducted with the objective of involving local communities in the project planning
(participatory planning). Many a times, suggestions and options given by people improves
technical and economic efficiency of the project. Execution of suggested improvement from
stakeholders also generates the sense of ownership among the communities of the region
and eases the implementation process. Consultations are usually conducted with a sample
section of the community with a good representation from the affected communities.
28. Environmental Management Plan (EMP) deals with the implementation procedure of
the guidelines and mitigation measures recommended to avoid, minimize and mitigate
foreseen environmental impacts of the project. The implementation of environmental
management plan needs suitable organization set up and the success of any environmental
management plan depends on the efficiency of the group responsible for implementation of
the programme. It is proposed to carryout regular environmental monitoring to provide
information to the management for periodic review and alternation of the environmental
management plan as necessary so as to ensure that environmental protection is optimized
at all stages of the mining
duration of monitoring. The monitoring plan also specifies the applicable standards,
implementation and supervising responsibilities. The monitoring will be carried out by PIU
through the approved agency and will be supervised by the Environmental Experts of the
Construction Supervision Consultants and PIU.
31. The engineering staff of PIU, supervision consultancy and the contractor who would
be responsible for the implementation of the EMP, need to be trained on environmental
issues of specific road development project. Suitable training programmes have been
worked out for the project as well as capacity building needs. The programme consists of a
number of training modules specific to target groups. Looking into the potential requirements
of each of the target groups, several training modules have been planned. The training
would cover the basic principles and postulates of environmental assessment and mitigation
plans; implementation techniques; monitoring and management methods and tools.
32. The budgetary provision for the implementing EMP of the road project has been
made in 2 parts based on the responsibility of the execution.
33. The Part ‘A’ works to be undertaken has been quantified and quantities included in
the respective BOQ items in the civil works contract packages. These cover items such as
safe disposal of unserviceable materials with suitable top soil treatment; dust mitigation
during construction phase; recharge pits; silt fencing; sign boards for tourist and ecologically
sensitive areas if any; safe disposal of scarified bitumen in clay lined pits; construction of
noise barriers for silent receptors; monitoring of air, water, noise and soil qualities; oil
interceptors; personal protective equipments for labourers, etc.
34. Part ‘B’ works of redevelopment of oxbow lands and other leftover lands; raising
median plantations; compensatory plantation; compensatory provisions in terms of Net
Present Value (NPV) for diverted forest lands, if any; providing environmental management
training at all levels are discussed under mandatory works to be implemented by
Government Departments or other agencies as per the regulatory requirements, as.
35. Cost for Part A & B works of EMP implementation are estimated and given in the
following table.
Sub Cost for Part A works Cost for Part B works Total cost in Rs.
project of EMP (Rs.) of EMP (Rs.) (Part A + B)
48 A 7,484,776 8,819,520 16,304,296
9
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Background
1. The Second Karnataka State Highways Improvement Project (KSHIP) is a part of the
ongoing road improvement programme in Karnataka State to support the growing economy
and social development programme. KSHIP-II is a continuation of the State’s earlier
initiatives including World Bank assisted KSHIP-I programme under which 2,406 km roads
were improved, under the control of the Public Works Department. The techno-economic
feasibility study evaluated various types of improvement works and established a priority
ranking of 3,411 km of roads subsequent improvement programme of state roads. These
roads were selected on the basis of a Strategic Option Study (SOS)1 carried out in 2003.
The objective of the SOS study was to formulate a policy for developing an effective network
of regional roads in the state.
2. Total length of 615.03 km State Highways and MDRs has been considered for
upgradation under the assistance of ADB funding. The proposed project roads under the
initiative “Karnataka State Highway Improvement Project” (KSHIP) constitutes nine project
corridors (Subprojects) that are spread across the state of Karnataka. The highway
improvement project is scheduled to be taken up for implementation in 2011 at the total
estimated cost of Rs. 13,619 million. The proposed subprojects under KSHIP are given in
the following table.
1
Strategic Option Study (SOS) was carried out by IDS cell headed by Mr. G. C. Tallur in 2003
10
Table 1-1: Details of ADB funded Subproject roads under KSHIP II.
Corridor Link Length
SH No. Subproject road Districts
No. ID (km)
21 21C 34 Saundatti – Ramdurg 38.47 Belgaum and
Bagalkot
21D 14 Ramdurg – Badami 45.73
21E 14 Badami -Pattadakal 23.72
21F 14 and MDR* Pattadakal – Kamatagi 22.28
27 27A 45 Shelwadi – Gadag 30.54 Dharwad and
Gadag
27B 45 Gadag - Mundaragi 32.90
31 31A 29 Mudagal – Tawaragere 31.21 Raichur and
Koppal
31B 29 Tawaragere – Gangavathi 42.89
42 42A 76 Davanagere – Channagiri 53.63 Davanagere and
Chikkamagalur
42B 76 Channagiri – Birur 51.98
48 48A 1 Padubidri – Karkala 27.80 Udupi
57 57A 84 Gubbi – Yediyur 49.03 Tumkur and
Mandya
57B 84 Yediyur - Kowdley 26.43
57C 84 Kowdley - Mandya 33.16
64 64C 3 Magadi – NH 48 13.88 Ramanagara,
Bangalore (Rural)
64D 3 NH 48 – Dobbespet 19.90 and Tumkur
64E 3 Dobbespet – Koratagere 33.89
64H 64H 3 Pavagada – AP Border 23.21 Tumkur
T13 T13 45 Jagalur – NH-13 9.25 Davanagere
T17 T17 2 Molkalmur – SH 19 5.13 Chithradurga
Total length (km) 615.03
* MDR – Main District Road
3. Public Works Department, Government of Karnataka has appointed M/s Scott Wilson
India Pvt. Ltd. as the Consultants and entrusted the work of preparing Detailed Project
Report for the selected project corridors upgradation and major maintenance.
4. Environmental assessment has been carried out as per the statutory requirement of
EIA Notification dated 14th September 2006 of Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF),
Government of India (GoI) and as a part of requirement of ADB’s Safeguard Policy
Statement (SPS), 2009 and ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines, 2003 for the
rapid environmental assessment checklist.
6. The main objective of the study are i) identify the impact of the subproject
improvement on environment and ii) alleviate the unsafe condition and congestion of the
existing road connecting Padubidri – Karkala on SH 1 by enhancing the capacity and quality
of the road to the users in a sustainable and environment friendly manner. MoEF, GoI, has
enforced Environment (Protection) Act 1986 and Notification on Environmental Impact
11
Assessment dated 14th September 2006 and February 2009 to avoid, mitigate and prevent
the environmental impact from various projects or activities or expansion and modernization
of existing projects. The IEE Report is prepared in line with ADB’s Safeguard Policy
Statement (SPS), June 2009. The report attempts to identify, predict and communicate
information on impacts of the proposed subproject on the environment along with mitigation
and management measures for the indicated impacts.
7. IEE was conducted based on the feasibility studies. Study areas were delineated into
two zones while carrying out feasibility study namely the impact zone and the influence
zone. The impact zone extends to 50m either side of the road from the centreline covering
an area of 100m width. All the physical components such as rivers, hospitals and schools,
industries, water supply units, productive land, trees and other environmental features within
this zone will be directly impacted by the road improvement. The influence zone extends 7
Km (7000 m) on either side of the road from the centreline covering the area of 14 km of
width covering the construction establishments such as batching plants hot mix plants,
construction camps, labour camps, quarries etc. for the analysis of impact on land use and
other environmental features.
1.4 Methodology
9. IEE has been structured based on ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS), 2009
and ADB’s Environmental Assessment Guidelines (2003) and consists of following chapters.
Chapter 1 – Introduction
Chapter 2 – Description of Subproject
Chapter 3 – Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework
Chapter 4 – Description of Environment
Chapter 5 – Analysis of Alternatives
12
Project Director
Superintendant Engineers
2 DESCRIPTION OF SUBPROJECT
2.1 Subproject Location
13. The proposed Padubidri – Karkala subproject road, SH 1 (27.80 Km) lies in Udupi
district of Karnataka state provides vital connectivity within the district. The road traverses in
East – West direction. Improvement of this subproject road provides for better level of
service for commuters, tourists and movement of goods trucks. Figure-2.1 shows the
geographical location of the subproject road.
Details of road construction materials and their locations for the proposed subproject road
are in the Material Study Report. Details of road construction materials and their locations for
the proposed subproject road are in the Table 2.2.
Table 2-2: Details of road construction materials and their locations.
Sl Chainage
Quarry No. Name of Quarries
No (Km)
SUBPROJECT - 42A
STONE METAL QUARRIES
Kalya Stone Quarry and Crusher-1 is located at a distance of 5.3
1. QII-1B -223 19+500
km from Project Road.
Kalya Stone Quarry and Crusher-2 is located at a distance of 7.3
2. QII-1B -185 19+500
km from Project Road.
Kanjaragatte Stone Crusher and Quarry is located at a distance
3 QII-1B -186 6+600
of 1.6 km from Project Road.
SAND QUARRIES
Kulur Nethravathi River Sand source is located at a distance of
1 SII-1B-125 0+000
14.0 km from Project Road.
Palimaru Nethravathi River Sand Quarry is located at a distance
2 SII-1B-126 4+000
of 4.0 km from Project Road.
MURRUM BORROWPITS
Road Side Moorum Borrow Pits on LHS is located at a distance
1 MII-1B-244 3+800
of 0.2 km from Project Road.
Road Side Moorum Borrow Pits on LHS is located at a distance
2 MII-1B-245 14+200
of 0.2 km from Project Road.
Road Side Moorum Borrow Pits on LHS is located at a distance
3 MII-1B-246 23+000
of 0.1 km from Project Road.
Road Side Moorum Borrow Pits on LHS is located at a distance
5 MII-1B-247 26+000
of 0.3 km from Project Road.
Table 2-3: Details on treatment proposals for culverts of the subproject roads
Replacement Replacement Additional
Replacement
Link Maint- Widen- with larger due Culverts on
of distressed Abandon Total
ID enance ing diameter to change in Major
culverts
pipe Alignment Realignment
48A 7 16 9 24 3 - - 59
Table 2-4: Details on treatment proposals for bridges of the subproject roads
New Bridges Replacement Converted
Link Maintenanc Do
30m to of Widening to Total
ID 6m to 30m > 60m e Nothing
60m Superstructure Culverts
48
- - - - - 1 - - 1
A
Figure 2-2: The rural and urban cross sections of the road in the proposed subproject road
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21
The implementation of proposed improvements to subproject road is depicted in the following Figure 2-3.
Activity Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
Defects Notification
Civil Works Pre-construction Phase Construction Phase
Period
Land
Acquisition
Compensation,
Resettlement
Bidding/Contract
Award and CSC
Works
Execution
Contractors
Demobilization and
Maintenance.
22
3.1.6 Interpretation and applicability of EIA Notification, 2006 for subproject road:
39. Since the proposed subproject road is an existing state highway, requiring
improvement with no new alignment except a few realignments for avoiding congestions at
major settlements or comply with IRC standards or to provide adequate bridge approach and
smoothen the road curvature at some section of the subproject road. Therefore the road is
treated as expansion of existing State Highway for examining the applicability and relevance
of the MoEF Notification.
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24
40. The issue of ‘additional RoW greater than 20 m involving land acquisition’ needs to
be seen in the context of the linear nature of road projects. The 20 m of additional right-of-
way as indicated in the Notification has been considered on an average basis rather than a
location-specific figure for examining the applicability and relevance of the MoEF
Notification.
41. Realignments under this subproject are minor and limited to providing required
approach roads to new bridges improving road alignment geometry and avoiding congested
and narrow town/built-up areas. These realignments/bypasses are contiguous with the rest
of the Corridor and form part of the existing highway improvement. Therefore all
realignments are considered as a part of the project corridor for the purposes of calculating
the additional right-of-way required and not as stand-alone lengths for examining the
applicability and relevance of MoEF Notification.
42. Keeping in view the above considerations, Padubidri – Karkala subproject (corridor
No. 48) having less than 30 km in length, and ‘additional right-of-way less than 20m involving
land acquisition’ is not under the purview of EIA Notification, 2006 and February 2009.
Environmental Clearance is not required for the subproject.
Note
1. PFR - Project Feasibility Report
2. SEIAA - State Environmental Impact Assessment Authority
3. SEAC State Environmental Appraisal Committee
4. ToR – Terms of Reference
5. EIA – Environmental Impact Assessment
- The Environmental clearance is valid for five yrs from the date of issuance.
- Half yearly Post Environmental Clearance compliance monitoring report shall be submitted to
Regulatory Authority.
25
26
land for non-forest purposes. The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 prohibits large-scale
diversion of forestland for non-forest use. As amended in 1988, no State Government or
authority shall make such diversions, except with the prior approval of the Central
Government.
49. The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980 also pertains to the cases of diversion of forest
areas and felling of roadside plantations. Depending on the size of the tract to be cleared,
clearances are applied at various levels of government: If the area of forests to be cleared or
diverted exceeds 40 Ha (or, 10ha in hilly area) then prior permission of Central Government
is required; If the area of forest to be cleared or diverted is between 5 to 40ha, the Regional
Office of Chief Conservator of Forests is empowered to approve; If the area of forest to be
cleared or diverted is below or equal to 5ha, the State Government can give permission; If
the area to be clear-felled has a forest density of more than 40%, permission to undertake
any work is needed from the Central Government, irrespective of the area to be cleared. The
act refers to the project roads that are adjacent to the reserved forest and involving forest
land diversion for non forestry purpose. Subproject road 48 A has no forest stretches
adjacent to the road and there is no forest land to be diverted for the project road.
3.1.12 The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains Act 1958
50. This Act provides for the preservation of ancient and historical monuments and
archaeological sites and remains of national importance and for the regulation of
archaeological excavations and for the protection of sculptures, carvings and other like
objects. According to this Act, areas within the radii of 100m and 300m from the “protected
property” are designated as “protected areas” and “controlled areas” respectively. No
development activity (including building, mining, excavating, blasting) is permitted in the
“protected areas”. Development activities likely to damage the protected property are not
permitted in the “controlled areas” without prior permission from the Archaeological Survey
of India (ASI) if the site/remains/ monuments are protected by ASI or the State Directorate of
Archaeology. None of the notified archaeological monuments recognised by the UNESCO or
World Heritage Monuments intercept with the road improvements.
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within 100 km of the site of construction. There are no thermal power plants in the vicinity of
100 km from the subproject to utilize the fly ash in the road construction.
55. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) has released new Safeguard Policy Statement
– June 2009 that consolidates and builds upon the earlier ADB policies on Environment,
Indigenous Peoples and Involuntary Resettlement. ADB’s new Safeguard Policy Statement
intends to enhance the effectiveness of ADB’s safeguard policies and to ensure that these
policies remain relevant to the changing client needs and to new business opportunities
being funded by ADB.
63. Over and above, the project also gives due importance to the road construction
standards, norms, guidelines and management procedures prescribed by the Indian Roads
Congress (IRC). This includes i) Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment of
Highway Projects, IRC: 104-1988; ii) Recommended Practice for Treatment of Embankment
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slopes for erosion control, IRC: 36-1974; iii) Recommended Practice for Borrow pits for Road
Embankment for Road manual operation, IRC: 10-1961; iv) Recommended Practice for the
construction of Earth Embankments for Road Works, IRC: 36-1970; v) Highway Safety
Code, IRC, special publication no. 44; vi) Guidelines on Bulk Bitumen Transportation and
Storage Equipment, IRC, special publication 39; vii) Recommended Practice for Tools
Equipment and Appliances for Concrete Pavement Construction, IRC: 43-1972; viii)
Recommended Practice for use and upkeep of Equipment, Tools and Appliances for
Bituminous Pavement Construction, IRC: 72-1978 and Road Accident Forms A-1 and 4,
IRC: 33-1982.
3.5 Clearances required for the subproject
64. After reviewing the various applicable acts and statutes, as mentioned above, some
clearances and permissions are required for subproject. A summary of clearances required
for the subproject is shown in the Table 3-1.
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31
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4.1.2 Climate
67. The climate in Udupi is hot in summers and pretty good in winter. During summers
(from March to May) the temperature reaches up to 40°C and in winters (from December to
February) it is usually between 32°C and 20°C. The climate here is characterized by
excessive humidity during greater part of the year. The Monsoon period is from June to
September with one of the highest rainfall in India averaging more than 4000mm with heavy
winds every year. 80% of the rainfall received during June to August. The climatic condition
of the Project area is presented in Annex - 2.
4.1.3 Rainfall
68. Udupi district gets highest annual rainfall in Karnataka state, about 4000 mm. In this
coastal district, bulk of the rainfall that is over 85% occurs during monsoon season. The
temporal variation of rainfall is confined to 3 to 4 months in a year. The rainfall increases
from west to east with co-efficient of variability ranging from 18.7 to 18.9%. Average Annual
Rainfall is 4136.3 mm. The normal and actual rainfall of the project en route is given in Table
4.1.
Table 4-1: The normal and actual average rainfall (in mm) in the project en route
Cor. Annual Normal Annual Actual
Corridor description District
ID Rainfall (mm) Rainfall (mm)
48A Padubidri - Karkala 4136.3 4287 Udupi
Source: Indian Meteorological Department, 2004.
33
4.1.4 Temperature
69. The climate of Udupi is generally hot in summers and pleasant in winters. The
maximum temperature touches 40°C in summers (March to May) with a minimum of 18°C.
Winters (December to February) have the extremes 32°C (maximum) and 14°C (minimum).
The area experiences a typical maritime climate with an average temperature of 26.5°C. The
average mean maximum and minimum temperature of the project area is presented in Table
4.2
Table 4-2: Average Mean Maximum and Mean Minimum Temperature (0 C) of the Project Area
Cor. Mean Maximum Mean Minimum
Link Description IMD Station
ID (oC) (oC)
48A Padubidri - Karkala 37.25 18.12 Bajpe
Source: Indian Meteorological Department from Year 1996 to 2000
N
35
30
NW 25 NE
20
15
10
SW SE
Mangalore-IMD Station
Direction % %
N 11 11
NE 10 6
E 6 4
SE 3 3
S 4 3
SW 31 32
W 11 17
NW 11 15
Calm 13 9
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4.1.8 Hydrogeology
73. Ground water in the region mainly occur in various geologic formations like beach
alluvium, coastal sediments, laterites and in weathered and fractured granitic gneisses under
phreatic and semi-confined to confined conditions, but mainly under water table conditions.
Coastal alluvium along with the laterites, which underlie them, occurs as an aquifer of
phreatic nature. Ground water occurs in weathered mantle and fractured crystalline
formations under semi confined to confined conditions. The ground water in and below the
black clayey horizons of coastal sediments found with high salinity and marks the index bed
for saline water and fresh water interface. Dug wells are the most common groundwater
abstraction structures encountered in lateritic terrain. Based on the morphogenetic and
geological diversities and aquifer characteristics; Udupi district can be subdivided in to two
broad hydrogeological units a) Hard and fissured formations in the pediplain b) Porous
unconsolidated formations in he coast. The water contours and ground water yields in the
project area are given in Table 4.3 and irrigation and hydrogeology of the project area is
presented in Annex - 4.
Table 4-3: Water Contours and water Yield
Cor. ID Water Contours (M Above
Link Description Yield (L/Sec)
MSL)
48A Padubidri - Karkala 20 - 100 1-5
35
4.1.10 Geology
75. Geologically the rocks like Granitic gneisses with occasional laterite capping and
unconsolidated river and marine sediments, occupy the Udupi district. The gneiss is wide
spread in the distinct outcrops at varying magnitude especially along river courses. Basic
intrusives like dolerites and gabbros and acidic intrusives like pegmatite and quartz veins
and pink porphyritic granites are found all over the district. The recent alluvium and colluvial
deposits occur along the riverbanks and seacoast. The exposures of crystalline rocks found
as isolated hills along the shore and off shore. The black clayey marine sediments with a
thickness of 0.30m to >1.00m occur as lenses along the coast and in the deltaic islands. Its
occurrence is marked at a depth range of 5.00 to 6.00 mbgl. Map showing the Rocks and
Minerals of the project area is exhibited in Annex – 5.
4.1.11 Soils
76. The district is covered with three types of soils i) sandy soil covering the beaches and
the adjoining stretches ii) yellow loamy soil and iii) red lateritic soil. The sandy soils are
confined to a narrow strip of the coast having width ranging from less than 100 m to as much
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36
as a kilometer. These fine to medium texture sands are characterized by their extremely high
rate of infiltration and act as a good recharge media for ground water. Yellow loamy soils are
transported from origin and are found mostly along riverbanks and lower reaches of valleys.
They are mostly used for tile industries. This soil type is very well suited for irrigation and
shows good response to irrigation practices. Red lateritic soil is the most dominant soil type
in the area. The texture of these soils varies from fine to coarse. The soil in the valleys and
immediate slopes are rich in loam where as in upper slopes and pediplanes are much
coarser in nature. The degree of leaching undergone by this soil type is also variable. Types
of soil in the project area are presented in Annex – 6.
78. The total geographical area of Udupi district is 3,56,446 hectares. Area under forest
constitutes 99,448 hectares (27.9%); Area not available for cultivation is 50,259 hectares
(14.1%); Cultivable waste land constitutes 33,149 hectares (9.3%); uncultivated land is
about 59,170 hectares (16.6%); fallow land constitutes about 12,832 hectares (3.6%) and
followed by net sown area of 101587 hectares (28.5%) of the total area. Land use pattern of
the project area is shown in Annex – 7.
4.3.1 Fauna
80. The occurrence of the wild life species or threatened or endangered species has not
been reported within the project influence area. Western Ghat forests (protected areas such
as Someshwara and Mookambika wildlife sanctuaries) of the region is home to a variety of
species including lion-tailed macaque, bonnet macaque, common langur, slender loris, sloth
bear, gaur, wild pig, tiger, leopard, wild dog, jackal, chital, sambar, barking deer, otter,
porcupine, Malabar giant squirrel and flying squirrel. Avifauna includes Malabar whistling
thrush, Malabar grey hornbill, Malabar pied hornbill, great Indian hornbill, southern tree pie,
yellow bulbul, scarlet minivet, racket-tailed drongo, blacknaped blue flycatcher and quake
babbler. Reptiles of the area include king cobra, python, monitor lizard, etc.
4.3.2 Flora
81. The subproject area is predominantly characterised by moist evergreen montane
forest types. The montane evergreen forests support a great diversity of species. The trees
generally form a canopy at 15 to 20 m, and the forests are multistoried and rich in epiphytes,
especially orchids. Characteristic canopy trees are Cullenia exarillata, Mesua ferrea,
Palaquium ellipticum, Gluta travancorica, and Nageia wallichiana. Nageia is a podocarp
conifer with origins in the ancient supercontinent of Gondwana, of which India was formerly
part, and a number of other plants in the eco-region have Gondwana origins. Other
evergreen tree species of the montane forest include Calophyllum austroindicum, Garcinia
rubro-echinata, Garcinia travancorica, Diospyros barberi, Memecylon subramanii,
Memecylon gracile, Goniothalamus rhyncantherus, and Vernonia travancorica. The other
major habitat type in the project area is shola-grassland complex, found at elevations of
1,900 to 2,220 m. Shola is a stunted forest, with an upper story of small trees, generally
Pygeum gardneri, Schefflera racemosa, Linociera ramiflora, Syzygium spp., Rhododendron
nilgiricum, etc. The forest type in the project area is shown in the Annex – 8.
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5 ANALYSIS ALTERNATIVES
5.1 Introduction:
88. This chapter presents a comparative analysis of various alternatives considered to
prevent or minimize impacts that would be inevitable if technically (based on design speed
and geometrics) best-fit alignment is followed. The consideration of alternatives to a
proposal is a requirement of the EIA report. During the scoping process, alternatives to a
proposal were generated or refined, either directly or by reference to the key issues
identified. A comparative analysis of alternatives will help to determine the best method of
achieving project objectives while minimising environmental impacts. Various alternatives
selected for analysis usually includes the ‘no project’ or ‘no action’ alternative. The relative
impact of each alternative is compared against the baseline environment to select a
preferred alternative.
89. The constituent subproject, Padubidri - Karkala was considered after finalization of
various options such as realignments, bypasses and different construction material options
keeping in view objectives of the project, traffic condition, obligatory points, geometric
designs, flood regions, congestions and socio-economic viability and environmental safety
aspects. The discussion includes no project scenario; project with alternatives and project
with mitigation measures. The objective of this chapter is to highlight some of the salient
issues considered for exercising options.
reaching both in terms of the geographical spread and time. The implementation of the
subproject will be a definite advantage to Karnataka state in order to achieve all-round
development of its economy and progress for its people.
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42
Road
Issues Alternative 1 Alternative 2 Alternative 3
components
establishment
Health and Connectivity to Connectivity to
education nearest Health care Nearest School
Centre
Source: Environmental screening report.
5.4 Bypass alternatives
97. There are no realignments and bypasses considered along the Padubidri – Karkala
subproject.
5.5 Analysis of cross section type alternatives
98. Four different cross sectional alternatives were considered for the subproject corridor
to suit the requirements of the region where the proposed subproject road will pass. The
alternatives considered for cross section types are basically rural and urban. Further rural
and urban cross sections are classified into different types to suit land use and minimize
resettlement. Cross sectional alternatives considered for the subproject are given in the
following Table – 5.3.
Embankment Slope
Width (m) – typical
Width of Darin (m)
Blocks / Parking
Type of Carriageway
Cross (m)
Section
2– 4-
Lane Lane
UR1A 7 - 1.5 1 - - 2.12 0.5 2.75 22.2
2.5 to
UR2 7 - 13.8 - 17.8
4.5
2.5 to
UR3 7 1.1 0.9 - 14.9 - 18.9
4.5
UR7 7 1.5 1 14.6
43
100. The subproject aim being limited to upgradation of existing State Highway (1) stretch
of Padubidri - Karkala subproject road will pose limited adverse impacts, all of which are site-
specific, and can easily be mitigated. Irreversible impacts are few and limited to land use
conversion into road carriageway. These situations do not call for full scale environmental
impact assessment. The chapter identifies potential environmental impacts and formulates
suitable mitigation measures.
6.1.1 Climate
Impacts during Construction Phase
101. The project corridor Padubidri - Karkala is in a semiarid type of climatic zone,
experiencing hot and dry summer. Though no change in the macro-climatic parameters
(precipitation, temperature and wind) is envisaged due to the subproject, cutting of
approximately 2,337 trees, laying of paved surface and other construction activities
temporarily modify the microclimate.
Mitigation measures
Efforts shall be made to minimize the number of trees being cut during design by
realigning the subproject section with green tunnels. Efforts to minimize the impact on
trees shall be continued during the project implementation by coordinating with the
contractor.
Approximately, 5,564 avenue plantations shall be taken up along both sides of the road
giving due importance to Karnataka Tree Preservation Act, and additional plantation
works shall be taken up on available oxbow land locations and with in RoW as an
enhancement measures to reduce the impacts of air and dust pollution and act as a
natural filter to traffic emissions (Appendix – 10 and 11).
Impacts during Operation Phase
102. There would be an increase in daytime temperature near the newly paved surfaces
of the road due to increase in the surface area of blacktop of widened road and loss of
shade giving trees. Temporary increase in the temperature assumes significance especially
to the slow moving traffic, pedestrians and the first row of residences / receptors along the
corridor.
Mitigation measures
This impact shall be avoided by planting a row of avenue trees and median plantation.
Landscaping and restoring the green cover along the length of the proposed road
reduces the impact of temperature along the alignment (Appendix – 10).
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44
104. As per earth quake prone zoning, whole of Karnataka State falls under zone II and III.
The subproject area falls in zone III (Moderate Damage Risk Zone) meaning moderately
prone to earthquakes.
Mitigation measures
The height of the embankment along with both longitudinal and cross drainage shall be
improved in all areas of flood prone section in such a way that the raise in the
embankment height should not act as barrier for the free flow of runoff water and
should avoid flooding and water logging that could have negative impact on the traffic,
local community damaging the road surface and the embankment. Run off water
recharge pits have been proposed to facilitate the infiltration of runoff water into the
ground (Appendix – 2).
As the subproject road falls in zone III (Moderate Damage Risk Zone) no special
design considerations are warranted for civil structures.
106. Most of the dust (suspended particulate matter) during construction arises from
operations such as excavation and filling during site preparation works, loading, unloading
and transportation of construction material, drilling, use of heavy equipments and machinery
in the earthworks and pavement works. Large quantities of dust become wind borne and are
carried away depending on the wind velocity and wind direction. The fugitive dust released
during the construction activities cause immediate effect on the construction workers as well
as on the settlements adjacent to the alignment, especially those in the downwind direction.
107. Increased suspended particulate matter and fugitive gaseous emissions like, oxides
of sulphur (SO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC)
will be released from vehicles, hot mix plant, batching plants and diesel generator sets;
stone crushing units in the stone quarries, etc also add to the problem. Most of the
generated pollutants from the above activities are limited to construction phase and confined
to impact zone in downwind direction of the site hence no significant is envisaged.
Mitigation measures
45
Consent for Establishment (CFE) and Consent for Operation (CFO) shall be obtained
for construction establishments such as hot mix plants, batching plants and stone
crushers from the SPCB. All project activities are adhered to the contractual obligations
under clearances and approvals
All vehicles and construction equipments operating for the contractor and the
consultant shall obtain “Pollution Under Control” (PUC) Certificates. Good maintenance
of all vehicles and machines used in construction activities must be conformed to the
National standards.
Vehicles deployed for borrow material, sand and aggregate haulage shall be covered
with tarpaulins to be spillage proof.
Location of all construction establishments such as hot mix plants, WMM plants,
Crusher plants, Construction camps and offices etc shall be located at least 1 km away
from the human habitations and preferably on the leeward side ensuring all legal
requirements and standards (Appendix - 21).
In order to curb the increased fugitive dust emissions in the area due to excavations,
loading, unloading, vehicular movement and raw material transport, provisions shall be
made for periodical sprinkling water on all the haul roads on a regular basis during the
entire construction period (Appendix – 16).
Pollution control devices such as cyclone separators /scrubbers shall be installed to
control emissions from hot mix plants, crushing units and concrete batching plants.
Height of the stacks shall be as per the statutory requirements.
Construction labours shall be provided with nose masks and other personnel protective
equipments (Appendix – 9).
LPG or low sulphur diesel shall be used in the Diesel Generator sets and DGs are
fitted with the stack of required height.
To ensure the efficacy of the mitigation measures suggested, all operational areas
(work sites, haul roads, hot mix plants, quarries, borrow sites and disposal sites) under
the road construction works are to be regularly monitored for air quality parameters so
that suitable mitigation measures can be taken up if any of the parameters exceed the
prescribed limit.
Impacts during Operation Stage
108. Operation stage impacts will not be as severe as the construction stage impacts and
they will be confined generally to a ribbon development close to edge of the pavement.
109. After the completion of road project, smoothened new pavement and widened roads
reduces fugitive dust emissions. Reduction in the vehicular emissions is due to more uniform
speed and less frequent acceleration and deceleration of vehicles. The levels of SO2, NOx,
CO and HC are likely to come down to a greater extent by the operating vehicles on new
smooth roads with extensive savings on consumption of fuel. However there may be
localized impact with increase in number of vehicles (traffic) running on the road, adulterated
fuel supply and poor maintenance of vehicle, which spreads down depending on wind
direction and wind speeds.
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110. There will be continued enhancement of air pollution due to increase in number of
vehicles on the improved roads over a period of designed life. It is difficult to predict the
pollution levels from vehicle since it is not known how the adoption of new technology
vehicles would proceed. However it is possible to assess the future pollution load on the
assumption that old technology vehicle would persist. The unit load of pollutants from
different type of vehicles have been estimated under the same assumption by the Indian
Institute of Petroleum which is presented in Table 6.1.
Table 6-2: Pollution load of pollutants along the project routes (in Tons/Km)
Link
Link description Year CO HC NOx SO2 Pb TSP
ID
Padubidri - 2009 0.047099 0.016740 0.006194 0.001275 0.000022 0.000335
48A
Karkala 2015 0.088997 0.029072 0.010694 0.002016 0.000042 0.000515
Note: TSP: Total Suspended Particulate, CO: Carbon Monoxide, HC Hydrocarbons, NOx: Oxides of
Nitrogen,
SO2: Sulpher dioxide, Pb: Lead.
Mitigation measures:
During operation stage of the project, vehicular emissions of pollutants (SPM, RSPM,
CO, SO2, NOx and Pb) shall be monitored at approved representative locations
against the National Standards (Appendix – 7). Regular monitoring of air quality along
the project area should help to ensure air pollutants within permissible limits.
Conduct roadside tailpipe emission testing on vehicles emitting visible black smoke, in
coordination with other state government agencies.
Conduct information campaign on the benefits of properly maintained engines and
good driving habits in reducing risk of accident and improving fuel consumption.
Avenue and median plantation along the road sides and medians respectively should
help to control dust and fugitive emissions from reaching the receptors. Compensatory
plantation could be taken up in the available space within RoW. Tree plantation for
attenuating pollution levels shall include pollution tolerant species with thick foliage
(Appendix – 10).
6.1.4 Noise
Impact on Noise levels during construction stage
47
112. The community abutting subproject road will be adversely affected by increase in
noise level due to road development activities. Road noise depends on factors such as
nature of construction activity, traffic intensity, type and condition of the vehicles plying on the
road, acceleration/deceleration/gear changes by the vehicles depending on the level of
congestion and smoothness of road surface (IRC: 104-1988).
113. Pre construction stage activities such as establishment of workers camps, stockyards
will generate a little noise in addition to localised (base) noise levels. There will be increased
noise levels due to diversion of traffic and movement of heavy equipments on unpaved roads
for a short duration during the pre-construction stage. As these noise generating activities
are not likely to be placed near settlement locations, the noise impact is bound to be
negligible.
114. Various road construction activities increase noise levels in the impact zone of the
project corridor. The construction activities such as excavation for foundations, grading of the
site, construction of structures and facilities, movement of heavy vehicles, loading,
transportation and unloading of construction materials and also activities such as blasting at
stone quarry sites, crushing plants, asphalt production produce significant noise during
construction stage. Noise is a major area of concern, especially where a number of sensitive
receptors are located within Impact zone and close to RoW.
115. The impact on ambient noise due to the project is not of significance during both
construction as well as the operation stages.
Mitigation measures:
Use of enclosures, walls, installation of mufflers around noisy equipment and the noise
sources reduce noise generated during construction and demolition activities.
Substituting quieter equipment or construction methods; minimizing time of operation
and locating equipment farther from sensitive receptors.
Timing of noisier construction and demolition activities to between 6 AM and 10 PM
would reduce construction noise impacts during night;
Detouring construction trucks away from noise-sensitive areas such as schools and
hospitals would eliminate construction truck noise from those areas;
Personnel Protective Equipments (PPE) such as Ear plugs and earmuffs shall be
provided to the workers operating or working near noise generating machines
(Appendix – 9).
Equipping construction equipment engines with adequate mufflers, silencers, and
engine enclosures would reduce their noise by 5 to 10 dB (A);
Turning off construction equipments during the prolonged periods of nonuse eliminates
noise from construction equipment during those periods;
Regular maintenance of all equipments and training to equipment operators would
reduce noise levels and increase efficiency of equipments;
Locating stationary equipment away from sensitive receptors would decrease noise
considerably and
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48
Consideration of bypass to avoid the road construction near Gadag town will reduce
the impact of noise during construction.
Impact on ambient Noise levels during Operation Stage
116. The noise will be reduced during operation stage as subproject road will be
smoothened and widened as a part of road improvement. However there will be negligible
noise from usage of poorly maintained vehicles and old vehicles. The impact is more
significant at the sensitive receptors like schools, colleges and hospitals present along the
project road. Details of noise sensitive receptors located in impact zone of the project are
given below in Table 6.3.
Table 6-4: Noise level (in dB (A)) due to Traffic along the project Road links
Total q
Link u (Miles/
Project road Year Vehicle per (Vehicles/ d (in M) L (dB(A)
ID Hour)
day (No.) Hours)
2009 4209 175 15 24.438 72.242
48A Padubidri - Karkala
2015 7363 307 15 50.000 80.889
Mitigation measures
Planting one or more rows of avenue vegetation along the project road and stationary
noise sources reduce noise
49
Noise barriers have been proposed at sensitive receptors such as schools, colleges,
hospitals, etc. can reduce long-term noise levels associated with road subprojects
(Appendix - 6).
Traffic management measures such as prohibition on use of horns and speed
restrictions at noise sensitive areas like schools, civil courts and major hospitals reduce
roadway noise levels (Appendix – 14).
Reduction in traffic congestion due to road widening correspondingly decreases traffic
noise levels.
A regular monitoring programme should help to ensure the control of noise pollution
under prescribed limits.
119. Suspended particulate matter from quarries and crushers lead to decrease in
productivity of the soil; degeneration of plant species and retards the plant growth.
Mitigation measures:
Top humus rich soil from productive agricultural lands is preserved during construction
and reused later for plantation works and for turfing works of embankment slopes.
All efforts shall be made to restore the sites of construction camps, labour camps,
borrow areas, quarries and access roads to these establishments shall be restored and
rehabilitated to its original land use after construction works are over (Appendix – 17).
It shall be planned in such a way that construction activities and diversion of traffic
nearby settlements does not disturb the commercial activities of the towns (Appendix
– 14).
Operation Stage impacts
120. After the construction of road is over, some of the land use changes are envisaged
due to improved accessibility to far off distances and changes in socio economic activities,
especially linear developments at the villages and towns will increase. The agricultural and
horticultural activities will be positively benefited from better roads and connectivity.
Mitigation measures:
It is necessary to ensure that no deterioration or major land use change such as ribbon
development shall take place. Many of the land use changes by the subproject road
improvement are beyond the control of project proponent.
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121. Road construction activities will intensify the effects of natural soil erosion due to
vegetation removal, soil disturbance and exposure of bare soil surface.
122. Soil erosion is anticipated at bridge and culvert construction sites. Problem will
be more pronounced if the construction is taken up in rainy season. Construction activities
such as cuttings and fillings will initiate soil erosion within CoI and at borrow areas, quarries
and access roads to these areas.
Mitigation measures
Special care has to be taken while construction at erosion prone locations during
monsoon.
Recommended slope ratio of 1 vertical to 2 horizontal shall be maintained to avoid soil
erosion and land slides at embankment slopes and at borrow areas. IRC: 56-1974 shall
be followed for treatment of embankment slopes for control of erosion (Appendix –
18).
Stone pitching and retaining structures shall be provided to control to soil erosion
wherever necessary. Turfing is taken up for the embankment slopes of bridge locations
as a slope protection measure and to improve the aesthetics (Appendix – 18).
All construction debris shall be cleared immediately after the construction is over to
prevent unconsolidated soil being eroded by either wind or runoff water.
Operation Phase
123. No significant impacts are predicted other than those resulting from neglected
protection works in erosion prone areas and failure to maintain re-vegetated areas along the
alignment, borrow sites, and debris disposal sites.
124. Bridge approaches with high embankments are vulnerable to soil erosion during high
rainfalls.
Mitigation measures
To prevent soil erosion along the embankment during operation phase, regular
monitoring inspections should be undertaken to ensure that drainage, bridge
approaches and re-vegetated areas are maintained and strengthened to prevent re-
occurrence of soil erosion.
126. Sand will be dredged from Kulur Nethravathi and Palimaru Nethravathi river basins,
which may alter the course of flow disturbing the river bed and velocity of flowing water in the
river. Increase in localised sedimentation may be noticed nearby dredged locations.
127. No new quarries will be opened for the subproject as quarry material will be sourced
from the existing nearby. However, if new quarries are to be opened up and use of explosive
is absolutely necessary to break open the aggregates. Opening up quarry alters the terrain
affecting the aesthetics of the landscape and alters contours of the geographical region.
Impact will be very large and permanent in nature. A major source of dust during the
construction stage is from stone crushing operations from the crushers and the vibrating
screen.
Mitigation measures
Contractor should to prepare Debris transportation and disposal plan; Borrow area
/quarry/crusher area development and rehabilitation plan before starting construction
activities (Appendix- 17 and 18).
All requisite clearances shall be obtained from State Pollution Control Board, Mines
and Geology Department before starting quarrying and borrowing activities.
Controlled blasting techniques like restricted quantity of explosive to be charged per
delay detonator in stone quarries, shall be adhered to restrict the range of fly rock
(Appendix – 18).
The information on quarries opened exclusively for the purpose of the subproject shall
be brought to notice of the Government to ensure that these quarry leases are not
renewed after expiry.
During construction phase there will be diversion of traffic at these quarry locations.
Sprinkling water for the earthen haul roads to minimize the fugitive dust and good
traffic management is necessitated (Appendix – 14)
Abandoned or closed quarries can be used as final receptors of unserviceable
construction waste with required compaction. The area should be rehabilitated with
good soil for 30 cm thickness and turfing or plantation shall be done in the area
Topsoil should be preserved and back filled after the rehabilitation of quarry/borrow
areas Natural geographical contours and natural landscape shall be preserved and
maintained.
The earth material required should be borrowed from the wasteland or barren land and
should not be excavated from the productive agricultural lands and forestland
(Appendix – 13).
The crusher units are to be covered with windbreaker sheet or fitted with cyclone
scrubber to decrease the suspended particulate matter. Frequent sprinkling of water in
the premises of the crusher will reduce the fugitive dust and growing vegetative belt
around the crushers will control the suspended particulate matter (Appendix – 19).
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128. Soils of productive agricultural area adjoining subproject road, haul roads,
construction camp area, labour camp area and at other construction establishments will be
compacted due to the movement of heavy equipments, transportation vehicles and other
construction activities.
129. Soil may be contaminated due to spillage and inappropriate storage of oils and
lubricants at workshop areas. Soil also gets contaminated by the spills of bitumen waste at
hot mix plants. Unscientific disposal of liquid waste (sewage) and domestic solid waste from
construction camps and labour camps will contaminate the soil.
Mitigation measures
Soil compaction beyond RoW shall be avoided by controlling the movement of
construction vehicles.
Existing roads shall be used for hauling the construction materials and new haulage
roads are routed on the barren lands.
If haulage roads are inevitable on productive agricultural land, it shall be reclaimed to
the original nature after the completion of construction activity.
Construction camps, labour camps, material storage areas shall be rehabilitated to the
original condition after the completion of construction work.
A construction camp layout plan shall be developed with designated area for storage of
fuel, oil and lubricants with required slope directing it to oil interceptor before washings
are let into the waste water chamber. The collected oil and grease residues are
collected and stored and disposed off as per the Hazardous waste (Management and
Handling) Rules, 1989 (Appendix – 20).
Waste water treatment plants shall be constructed at labour camps to treat the sewage
to the prescribed CPCB standards (Appendix – 7) before disposing it on the land or
water.
Domestic solid waste from construction and labour camps shall be segregated into
biodegradable and non biodegradable before being sent to treatment. Biodegradable
wastes are treated by composting and non biodegradable wastes are either recycled or
disposed off to authorised land fill site.
130. Water required for construction of road and for domestic uses of labour camps and
workers drawn from existing community bore wells and nearby irrigation canals may impact
the local users. Paved surface of the road will reduce the percolation of runoff water and
decreases the ground water recharge. Sources of ground water such as bore wells and hand
pumps are getting affected by the widening of the project road. Unscientific disposal of the
untreated waste water generated in the construction camp and labour camps may
contaminate the ground water.
Mitigation measures
In case of scarcity of water for construction purposes, contractor shall prepare and
implement the approved Water Management Plan in accordance with the Appendix –
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15. The contractor shall provide a list of locations and type of sources from where
water for construction shall be extracted.
Ground water recharge pits shall be provided at suitable intervals to facilitate the
recharge of runoff water in to the ground augmenting the water table of the project area
(Appendix – 2).
The contractor shall use ground/surface water as a source of water for the construction
and may set up own bore well facility for construction work with requisite permission
from State Ground Water Authorities. To avoid disruption/disturbance to availability and
supply to nearby communities, contractor shall extract water from approved locations.
Contractor may take surface water from the Irrigation Canal with the written consent
from the Irrigation Department.
Construction camps and labour camps shall be provided with suitable storage and
treatment facility to treat the sewage. Before it is disposed off (Appendix – 21).
All ground water supply sources which are impacted by the subproject road are
relocated to a suitable location in consultation with local community.
Operation Stage
131. No significant impact on ground water during operation phase except reduction in the
recharge of ground water due to paved surface of the subproject road.
Mitigation measures
Provision for Ground water recharge pits are made at suitable location along the
subproject road to facilitate the runoff water to percolate in to the ground (Appendix –
2). Regular maintenance of these recharge pits shall be done during the operation
stage to prevent choking of these recharge pits.
132. There are small streams Gurupura river in the impact zone and Swarna river in the
influence zone. There are a few small streams crossed by the subproject road. There are no
major ponds along the project road. Disturbance to flows; alteration of drainage causing
erosion; sewage and oil/grease/lubricant contamination from construction camps may occur.
133. Some of the water supply units adjacent to subproject road within proposed RoW will
be impacted. The affected water supply units such as hand pumps, wells and agricultural
bore wells within proposed RoW are given in Table 6.5.
Table 6-5: Water supply sources likely affected link wise in the project area (in Nos.)
Bore MWS/ Over Public
Hand Wate
Link Wells and Water Water Head Toilet/
Link description Pump r
ID Pump cister Lines Tank/GL Man
s Taps
house n Reservoir hole
48 Padubidri - 3 3 0 0 0 0 0
A Karkala
134. Use of local water resources for road construction activities may disturb local water
supply and use.
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Mitigation measures
Construction works of culverts and bridge (cross drainage structures) are taken up
during the lean flow periods in summer to minimize the impacts on drainage.
All the water resources and water supply connections such as bore wells, taps, water
cisterns, and pipelines being impacted by the project shall be relocated in such a
manner that it should not hamper the access to drinking water. Relocation of bore wells
shall be done with consent of concerned water supply authority or the owner.
Water for construction shall not be tapped from the surface water resources like non-
perennial rivers, lakes and water tanks which are being utilized for drinking purposes.
Ponds and other cattle feed tanks should be conserved by effective planning and
design modifications. If so affected new ponds have to be constructed by taking the
public opinion and revenue authority. The locations should be such that it should be on
barren land.
Provision for enhancement of one water body along the stretch of the subproject road
has been made (Appendix – 11).
Construction waste shall not be dumped in to the rivers as it constricts the passage to
the flow of water and ecosystem of the water body is disturbed (Appendix – 16).
Appropriate location should be sited for the construction camp, workers camp, etc. to
prevent the waste water from entering these water resources and prevent incidence of
spreading of communicable diseases through water. Provision for treatment of
wastewater shall be made (Appendix – 21).
Cleaning of construction vehicles and construction equipments shall be prohibited at
rivers, canal and other water bodies.
When the excavation is undertaken in the wet area of the water body, the banks shall
be protected, such that the slopes are not steeper than 1 vertical to 2 horizontal.
Protection works such as geo-textures, silt traps shall be used to control the erosion at
these points.
Provision for silt traps has been made at regular intervals of the subproject road
(Appendix – 3)
All efforts shall be maintained to use the hazardous scarified bituminous material in the
construction of approach roads and disposed off in the landfill or dumping into clay
lined bitumen disposal pits so that that leachate does not reach the ground water and
pollute (Appendix – 5).
Provision for oil interceptors shall be made at all the construction camps/workshop
areas to separate the oil and grease waste generated from servicing of equipments
and vehicles used in the construction (Appendix – 8).
Operation stage
135. Surface water contamination may result from storm water containing oil and grease,
metals and other pollutants released by vehicles on the roadway. Storm water may also
contain nutrients and herbicides used for management of vegetation in the right-of-way.
recharge and increasing in run off aftermaths of road construction. Surface runoff also
increases due to paved impervious surface of main carriageway.
137. The accidental spills of oils, fuels and other hazardous chemicals on the roads during
operational phase will pollute near by water courses of the area.
Mitigation measures
During operation stage, regular cleaning of chocked / blocked or damaged drainage
provision are necessary to avoid operational impact.
Monitoring of water quality to comply with Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution)
Act will have better control over the quality maintenance.
138. Construction of high embankment road may act as a barrier to the flow of runoff
water in absence of adequate cross drainage structures.
139. Run off water quantity may increase near the project area due to the paved surface
of the subproject road.
Mitigation measures
In addition to treatment of existing culverts and bridges, new cross drainage structures
shall be proposed to take care of the increased run off and maintain the existing
drainage morphometry of the project area.
Longitudinal drainage system is designed to handle surface runoff from the paved
surface of the road and embankment slopes as per IRC: SP 42 and IRC: SP 50.
Rain water harvesting structures shall be provided to recharge the ground water from
excess of runoff from the surface of the project road.
Operation Stage
140. Hydrology of the project area is least impacted during operation stage, if all design
criterion are taken into consideration during design.
Mitigation measures
Regular maintenance of drains by removing the silt and dirt before the start of
monsoon will prevent choking of drains.
6.2 Impact on Biological Environment
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Construction Stage
142. The acquisition of productive agricultural land at some stretches is inherent to the
road development projects. The loss of crops on productive agricultural land is inevitable
during construction stage due to operating heavy vehicles.
143. Some stretches of avenue trees such as Acacia auriculiformis, Mangifera indica
(Mavu), Ficus benghalensis(Ala), Artocarpus heterophyllus (Halasu) are found as avenue
trees along the subproject road. Total of 2,337 trees are impacted due to the project. Cutting
of trees will have negligible impact on local meteorological parameters. Details of number of
trees to be felled in the project area for the proposed road widening are presented in Table
6.6.
Table 6-6: Girth wise likely impact on avenue trees (in Nos.)
Link Girth (30cm Girth (>60cm Girth (>90cm Girth
Link description Total
ID –60 cm) - 90cm) - 180cm) (>180cm)
48A Padubidri - Karkala 986 684 336 331 2337
144. During construction of subproject road, there will be inconvenience for local road
users and domestic animals and also cause health problems by the dust and gaseous
pollutants for a short period.
Mitigation measures:
Trees impacted due to the project shall only be cut after requisite permission from
State Forest Department is obtained.
Trees impacted by the project shall be compensated by planting of endemic tree
species which are highly tolerable to vehicular emissions and dust will be taken up as
per IRC: SP 21.
The median in urban sectors are landscaped with small tree/bushes and blooming
shrubs to avoid future tree cutting when the road is upgraded further.
All necessary measures such as siting of construction establishments away from
human habitations; increase of stack height; regular maintenance of construction
equipments and vehicles; etc. shall be taken up to reduce the dust and gaseous
emissions during construction activities.
A row of approximately 5,560 avenue trees shall be planted on both sides of the
subproject for the entire length (Appendix – 10). Indigenous species are selected for
plantation, which will suit the local environmental conditions. Some species of trees,
shrubs and herbs recommended for plantation are given in the following table.
145. Impacts to terrestrial ecology during project operation are either minimal or positive.
Trees will be established along the road such that it does not affect the visibility and improve
micro-climate (see Appendix-10) and sequester greenhouse gases.
Mitigation measures
All efforts shall be made for survival of planted trees. A Memorandum of Understanding
has been signed with Karnataka State Forest Department to take up the plantation
work along with maintenance of trees for 7 years. Selection of big tree species having
lateral growth should be avoided to ensure vertical clearance on the subproject road to
avoid any obstruction to the visibility for the operating vehicles. Small avenue trees
shall be preferred over big trees. Fruit bearing avenue trees shall be avoided.
The traffic – animal conflicts during the operation stage shall be resolved by
implementing speed calming mitigation measures such as road humps, rumble strips,
speed limits, sign boards etc (Appendix – 14).
It is necessary to comply with Hazardous Waste (Handling and Management) Rules,
1989 during road construction projects to protect animals by consuming contaminated
water. Accidental chemical spills shall be handled by emergency spill procedure such
as stopping the flow; removing ignition source; initiating emergency response; cleanup
and safe disposal will be followed (Appendix – 20).
It is essential to make provisions for the transportation of agricultural equipments and
animal crossing wherever necessary by providing service roads, speed breakers (road
humps, rumble strips, signboards, etc.). Although situation does not warrant for the
provision of exclusive underpasses, all possible efforts shall be made to avoid animal-
traffic conflict arising out of proposed improvement of project roads.
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146. Impacts on the aquatic ecology during construction include increase in the silt inflow
to the surface water bodies and disposal of liquid wastes and untreated sewage from
construction camps and labour camps into the surface water bodies.
Mitigation measures
Construction of road embankments shall be adhered to 1:2 slope ratio and turfing on
the slopes will reduce the embankment erosion. Construction of cross drainage
structures will be taken up during lean flow period to avoid the silt inflow to the surface
water bodies.
Liquid wastes and sewage from the construction establishments will be treated to meet
the CPCB standards (Appendix – 7) before disposing it into water bodies.
Operation stage
147. There is no significant impact on aquatic ecology during operation stage except
accidental chemical spill in the project area entering the surrounding water bodies and
proving detrimental to aquatic fauna.
148. There will be impact on aquatic ecology due to flow of sediments from the
embankment slopes if turfing done on slopes are not regularly monitored and maintained.
Mitigation measures
Accidental chemical spills shall be handled by emergency spill procedure such as
stopping the flow; removing ignition source; initiating emergency response; cleanup
and safe disposal will be followed.
Provision for silt traps has been made at regular intervals, especially at major cross
drainage structures to trap the silt before it reaches the water bodies along the
subproject road (Appendix – 3 and 16).
6.3 Management of Construction Debris/Waste
Mitigation measures
During the site clearance and disposal of debris, the contractor shall take full care to
ensure that public or private properties are not affected; there are no dwellings below
the dumpsite and the traffic is not interrupted.
The Contractor shall at all times ensure that the entire existing canal and drains within
and adjacent to the site are kept safe and free from any debris.
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Construction waste debris shall be utilised for backfilling embankments, filling pits,
construction of cross roads, approach roads and landscaping before being disposed
into disposal pits.
Debris disposal sites shall be sited away from sensitive locations like settlements,
water body, forest areas and any other sensitive locations (Appendix – 1 and 13).
The debris dumpsites have to be suitably rehabilitated by planting local species of
shrubs and other plants so that the landscape is coherent with the local environment.
Care should always be taken to maintain the hydrological flow in the area and dumping
sites do not contaminate the water sources such as rivers and ponds.
150. The locations of Disposal sites have to be selected such that (Appendix – 1):
At least 1000 m away from residential area and located leeward side of wind.
Disposal sites are located at least 1000 m away from sensitive locations like
Settlements, forest areas (Appendix – 13) and other sensitive locations.
Disposal sites do not contaminate any water sources, rivers etc for this site should be
located away from water body.
Public perception about the location of debris disposal site has to be obtained before
finalizing the location. Permission from the Village/local community is to be obtained for
the Disposal site selected.
6.4 Socio-Economic Impact
152. Tourism will improve contributing to the local economic activities through
sign/information boards with regarding ecological, tourism and pilgrimage areas (Appendix
– 4). Good roads will reduce travel time, fuel consumption and pollutants emitted by the
operating vehicles.
153. Roads promote social and gender equity through non-traditional channel. Access to
transportation on safe roads has direct impact on economic standing and quality of life in
affected community. Road improvement projects increases buying and selling opportunities,
availability of emergency health care, and promotes stronger familial links. These benefits
accrue differently to women than men. With increase buying and selling opportunities,
women become more independent and lessen the risk associated with their vulnerabilities.
Economic empowerment often means life or death for most vulnerable group in society. With
access to better roads maternal mortality in affected communities due to access to health
care, and the cost of transport is reduced, which is one of the key barriers to those in need of
medical assistance. Usually taken for granted are impacts of roads allowing women to travel
and visit extended family members which has proven to be critical in reducing risk of
isolation and deterrent against domestic violence.
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155. A variety of utilities serving the regional needs like electric poles, electric
transformers, telephone poles, telephone junction boxes which are within impact zone shall
be impacted. The categories of such impacted utilities are given in Table – 6-7.
Table 6-7: List of utilities being affected by the proposed roads (in Nos.)
Link Electric Electric Telephone Telephone
Link description
ID poles Transformer pole Junction Box
48A Padubidri - Karkala 703 24 278 6
156. There are many religious structures such as temples, mosque, church, shrines, and
arali kattes along the project corridor. Some of these impacted structures will have to be
relocated or compensated. The impacted religious structures due to project road are shown
in following Table 6.8.
Table 6-8: The Religious and cultural structures under impact in the project area (in Nos.)
Link Link Samadi/ Community Arali
Temple Mosque Church Shrine
ID description Graveyard Hall/Ashrama katte
Padubidri -
48A 0 0 0 0 0 8 0
Karkala
157. Some of the community structures such as Schools, hospitals and bus shelters will
be disturbed is shown in following Table 6.9.
Table 6-9: The Community structure under impact in the project area (in Nos.)
Primar Bus
Link Hospit Arc Compoun Fenc
Link description y Shelter/Stan Library
ID al h d wall e
School d
Padubidri -
48A 0 0 25 0 0 1 0
Karkala
Mitigation measures
Concerned owners of the utilities will be informed in advance to shift the utilities in co
ordination with the project proponents before construction starts to avoid disruption of
regional services.
Alignment shift to minimise the impact on the religious and community structures.
Where it is unavoidable and the community is willing to relocate the religious property,
relocation will be undertaken after adequate consultations.
Discussions with the community and various stakeholders shall be conducted for
relocation or shifting of cultural properties. The details of the cultural properties being
relocated are given in the RAP.
6.5 Impacts due to Construction Camp and Immigration of Workers
Construction phase
158. The proposed subproject road will require migrant workers to be accommodated in
temporary camps. Impacts from these camps include storing, treating and disposing the
sewage waste and solid wastes; increase of breeding sites of mosquitoes in turn increases
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the risk of vector borne diseases such as malaria; act as potential centers for spreading
diseases such as HIV by having contact with local population; and increase pressure on
local resources for like fuel wood for cooking and heating purposes.
Mitigation measures
A storage area shall be selected in such a way that it leads to minimal impacts on
human habitations, forest cover, wildlife etc. The operation of these equipment is to
take place mostly in the underground components, which is not likely to be near
habitations.
Use of septic tanks in all construction worker camps and implement surface runoff and
spill management to avoid surface and ground water contamination.
Contractor shall plan for water supply for drinking and other domestic purposes without
hampering existing water usage by the villagers for drinking, irrigation or other
purposes. Sufficient and appropriate sanitary facilities should be provided in the labour
camps in order to maintain hygienic conditions in the labour camps. The contractor
shall be obligated to follow the stringent procedures so as not to pollute surface and
groundwater with respect to disposing of liquid and solid wastes generated from labour
camps (Appendix – 21).
The sufficient quantity and timely supply of liquid petroleum gas shall be done to the
labourers for cooking and cutting of trees and vegetation shall be discouraged.
6.6 Impact on Safety and Health of Construction Workers and Accident Risk to
Local Communities
159. Accidents may occur due to lack of knowledge on handling of new equipments,
workers functioning without proper personal protective equipment and without possessing
first aid facilities at work sites. Fire hazard due to absence of fire protective equipment at site
of storage of oils, bitumen, diesel and any other form of chemicals storage may impose
safety concerns.
160. During road paving, workers are subject to physical, chemical and noise hazards due
to work activities as vegetation clearing, placing of the asphalt coat, curing, placing of
asphalt mix and compaction. Workers are exposed to physical hazards from operating
machineries and moving vehicles. Some may be exposed to elevated working condition
particularly in clearing vegetation. Almost all workers will be exposed to weather elements,
noise and working in limited area to minimize traffic obstruction.
Mitigation measures
All the workers at construction and batching plants shall be compulsorily equipped with
personal protective equipments like Gum boots, Helmet, Ear plugs, air mask and
goggles (Appendix – 9).
Provision of first aid facilities for all the construction workers at construction camps and
all workplaces first aid equipment and nursing staff must be provided (Appendix – 16).
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Contractor shall ensure that all workers have undergone training in safety practices
and use of personal protective equipment at least 30 days before the commencement
of work.
Workers engaged in overhead works will ensure that work place is barricaded for
unauthorized access. proper training on hoisting/lifting equipment, proper maintenance
of lifting equipment, strict implementation of equipment lifting procedures, and proper
use of ladders.
Contractor will practice work rotation system among the workers to reduce health
impacts related to prolonged exposure to noise.
Operation stage
161. Most of the project road stretch passes through agricultural areas, frequented by
transportation of agricultural equipments, harvested crops and domestic animals for grazing
purposes. The common traffic – animal conflict is accidents by rash driving or breakdown of
vehicles leading to death of cattle and domestic animals.
Mitigation measures
Commuters and road using community will be educated on the road safety issues to
reduce the accidents involving traffic – animal.
Accident Safety and Hazardous Chemical Spill Management Plan shall be prepared by
the contractor and submitted to Environmental Engineer, PIU. The plan should also
have details of detours in case of emergency.
163. Traffic will be affected causing inconvenience, longer travel time and higher cost. The
traffic diversions on unpaved roads will also increase the dust generation in the surrounding
areas. The accidents are also increase due to traffic disruption.
164. Communities traversed along the subproject road will be subject to a range of health
and safety risk during road paving. These impacts include dust, noise and vibration from
construction vehicle transit, communicable diseases from influx of temporary migrant
workers. The more significant health and safety issues from road project are pedestrian
safety, traffic safety, and emergency preparedness.
Mitigation measures
Contractor shall at all times carry out construction work on the road in manner creating
least interference to the free flow of traffic. Contractor shall provide and maintain,
during execution of the work, a passage for traffic either along a part of the existing
carriageway under improvement or along a temporary diversion constructed close to
the sub project road (Appendix – 14).
The Contractor shall take all necessary measures for the safety of traffic during
construction and provide, erect and maintain such barricades, including signs, marking,
flags, lights and flagmen for the formation and protection of traffic approaching or
passing through the section of the road under construction.
Before taking up any construction, an agreed Traffic Management Plan for the
diversion of traffic on the subproject road shall be drawn up in consultation with
Environmental Engineer of CSC.
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Upon completion of the works for which the temporary traffic arrangements or
diversions have been made, the Contractor shall remove all temporary installations and
signs and reinstate all affected roads and other structures or installations to the
conditions that existed before the work started, as directed by the Engineer.
Provision for temporary traffic diversions shall be made on the paved and well
compacted surfaces to avoid the interruptions to the flow of traffic and minimise the
dust generation.
The contractor will ensure availability of safe corridors and crossings of pedestrian and
bicyclists where paving activities are located in inhabited areas. Consultations will be
made by the contractor with affected communities on location preferences of safe
crossings. The contractor will also install barriers, traffic calming devices, signs, signals
and markings to avoid pedestrian from crossing hazardous sections.
Emergency preparedness shall be discussed with the traversed communities and
coordinate efforts with the PIU, KSHIP through the contractor, local police, and
community in addressing emergency situations like vehicular accidents, pedestrian
accident, or release of oil and chemical spills.
Operation Phase
165. The more significant health and safety issues from road project are pedestrian safety,
traffic safety, and emergency preparedness.
Mitigation Measures
The KSHIP, in coordination with communities shall be responsible for the maintenance
of signs, signals, markings, speed limits, warnings of sharp turns, including signs to
alert drivers of road sections that are known for animal crossing. KSHIP shall create
the awareness among the communities on emergency preparedness in addressing
emergency situations like vehicular accidents, pedestrian accident, or release of oil and
chemical spills.
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171. During field reconnaissance for environmental screening, care was taken to meet
people in the roadside teashops or near markets to solicit pinion on the need to improve the
road and their willingness to preserve roadside avenue plantations. Responses include
support of regular repairing of road but concern with the road width expansion; land
acquisition and compensation for the land losers.
172. Owners of commercial establishments such as complexes and petty shops main
concerns are disruption and displacement due to increase in proposed RoW; alternatives for
their livelihood and space to shift their establishments.
173. On the social responsibility for preserving the roadside plantations, some of the
villagers expressed their support for avenue plantation and they preferred fodder trees to
other trees as it would help to feed their cattle on a sustainable manner. They also felt more
compelling need to ensure supply of firewood plantations in spaces other than RoW. During
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174. The consultation for the link was held at Nitte on 24.07.2010. There were 18
participants. Key findings of the consultations are given below.
Table 7-1: Major findings of consultations - 48 A
Name of Professio
Sex Issued Discussed Response
Stakeholder n
Ananda M Business He said already for the
Shenoy Kudremukh project land has been
acquired for road construction. So
he has no problem with KSHIP
project.
Raghu M Business He wanted to know whether for all It was explained Valuation will
Chandra types of homes / structures the be done according to the PWD
Bandaya same compensation will be given. SR schedule of rate.
He is suggesting that according to Depending on the type of
the type of structure valuation material used valuation for
should be done and each structure will be different.
compensation be given
accordingly.
Dsila Nitte M Business He wanted know those who have It was explained that those
shops on government land what who had shops on government
compensation will be given. land will be provided with
alternative shop and additional
assistance will be given so that
their livelihood is not affected.
7.4 Follow-up consultations
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Responsibility
Environmental Approximat Reference
Sl. No. Mitigation Measures Planning and Supervision/
Issue e location law/guidelines
Execution Monitoring
the possibility to save trees shall be made.
Systematic corridor level documentation for the trees cut and
those saved shall be maintained by the KSHIP
Relocation of All community utilities and properties i.e., hand pumps, open Throughout
Community wells, water supply lines, sewer lines, telephone cables, buildings the corridor
KSHIP, other
Utilities and and health centers shall not be relocated before construction of
P5 RAP document Agencies / KSHIP
Common subproject road starts.
Contractor
Property
Resources
All religious property resources such as shrines, temples and Throughout
mosques within the project road shall be relocated. A list of the stretch
cultural properties affected is given in the Chapter-2 Summary of especially
Impacts. nearby
Relocation of If there is any relocation of the religious structures may happen settlements
affected Cultural then it shall be identified in accordance with the choice of the KSHIP/ CSC/
P6 MoRTH 110.7
and Religious community. KSHIP in consultation with local people shall finalize Contractor KSHIP
Properties those.
The entire process (i.e. selection of relocation sites and design)
shall be under supervision of Environmental Specialist of CSC,
during the construction stage by the Contractor. The relocation
shall be completed before the construction starts in these sites.
Pre-construction activities by the Contractor/Environmental Specialist of CSC
P7 Field Verification and Modification of the Contract Documents
The Environmental Specialist of CSC and the Contractor shall Throughout Contractor/
Joint Field carry out joint field verification to ascertain any possibilities of the stretch Environmental
P.7.1 MoRTH 201.2 KSHIP
Verification saving trees, environmental and community resources, and these of Specialist of
activities are to be taken up by the construction contractor. subproject CSC
Assessment of The Environmental Specialist of CSC shall assess impacts and Where ever
Contractor/
Impacts due to revise/modify the EMP and other required sections of the project changes are
Environmental
P.7.2 Changes/Revisi document/s in the event of changes/revisions (including addition applicable KSHIP
Specialist of
ons/additions in or deletion) in the project’s scope of work.
CSC
the Project Work
Crushers, Hot- All construction plants shall be sited sufficiently away from At all MoRTH 111.1, Contractor/
P.7.3 mix plants and settlements and agricultural operations or any commercial Crushers, Air (prevention Environmental KSHIP
Batching Plants establishments. Such plants shall be located at least 100m away Hot-mix of control of Specialist of
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Location from the nearest dwelling preferably in the downwind direction. plants and pollution) Act, CSC
The Contractor shall submit a detailed layout plan for all such Batching 1981and Noise
sites and approval of Environmental Specialist of CSC shall be Plants Rules
necessary prior to the establishment. opened up
Arrangements to control dust pollution through provision of for the
windscreens, water sprinklers, and dust extraction systems shall construction
have to be provided at all such sites. of
Specifications for crushers, hot mix plants and batching plants subproject
shall comply with the requirements of the relevant emission road
control legislations. Consent for the Establishment and Operation
from KSPCB shall be obtained before establishment and
operation respectively and a copy should be submitted to the
CSC and KSHIP.
Wherever there is extremely water scarcity areas exist the Water
sprinkling shall be limited to one time in the morning. To balance
this deficient information boards shall be erected at appropriate
locations with a message to “Dust prone area take precautions.
All vehicles, equipment and machinery to be procured for Applicable
construction shall confirm to the relevant Bureau of India to all
Standard (BIS) norms. The discharge standards promulgated vehicles Air pollution
Other
under the Environment Protection Act, 1986 and Motor Vehicles used in the Control Act, Contractor/
Construction
Act, 1988 shall be strictly adhered to. construction and Noise Environmental
P.7.4 Vehicles, KSHIP
The silent/quiet equipment available in the market shall be used Rules and Specialist of
Equipment and
in the Project. Motor Vehicle CSC
Machinery
The Contractor shall maintain a record of PUC for all vehicles and Act, 1988
machinery used during the contract period which shall be
produced to EO, KSHIP’s verification whenever required.
P8 Identification and Selection of Material Sources
Finalising soil borrowing earth and all logistic arrangements as Borrow sites IRC Guidelines
well as compliance to environmental requirements, as applicable, on borrow
Contractor/
shall be the sole responsibility of the Contractor. areas and
Environmental
.8.1 Borrow Areas The Contractor shall not start borrowing earth from selected quarries; EPA KSHIP
Specialist of
borrow area until the formal agreement is signed between 1986 and
CSC
landowner and Contractor and a copy is submitted to the CSC. MoRTH 111.2
Locations finalized by the Contractor shall be reported to the and 305.2.2
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Responsibility
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Environmental Specialist of CSC and he shall submit the report to
KSHIP.
Planning of haul roads for accessing borrows areas shall be
undertaken during this stage. The haul roads shall be routed to
avoid agricultural areas as far as possible and shall use the
existing village roads wherever available.
The environmental personnel of the CSC shall be required to
inspect every borrow area location prior to approval. The CSC
should include the Request for Inspection form for borrow area
approval from the environmental point of view.
Contractor shall finalize the quarry for procurement of Quarry sites
construction materials after assessment of the availability of
sufficient quantity of materials, quality and other logistic
arrangements.
In case the Contractor decides to use quarries other than Environment
MoRTH 111.3
P.8.2 Quarry recommended by DPR consultant, then the Contractor should Contractor al Specialist
give substantiation. of CSC
Contractor shall also work out haul road network and report to
Environmental Specialist of CSC and CSC shall inspect and in
turn report to KSHIP before approval.
Responsibility
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The Contractor shall need to comply with the requirements of the
State Ground Water Department for the extraction and seek their
approval for doing so and submit copies of the permission to CSC
and KSHIP.
The Sand shall be procured from identified sand mines as far as Sand
All riverbeds
possible. If the Contractor wants to obtain from source other than quarries
As per the recommended
listed in EMP, substitution shall be provided with the details of the being used
P9 Sand contract for sand
aggregates source and lead distance. for the
document4 extraction for
The Contractor shall obtain copy of the Lease Agreement of the construction
the project.
supplier and submit to CSC before procuring the sand.
The Contractor shall preferably use unskilled labour drawn from Throughout
As per the Environment
Labour local communities to give maximum benefits to the local the
P 10 Contract Contractor al Specialist
Requirements community. subproject
Document of CSC
road
Siting of the construction camps shall be as per the guidelines Construction
below and details of layout to be approved by CSC Resident camps
Engineer and environment specialist.
Construction camps shall not be proposed within 500m from the
Construction
nearest settlements to avoid conflicts and stress over the As per IRC
Camp Locations Environment
infrastructure facilities with the local community. guidelines and
P 11 – Selection, Contractor al Specialist
Location for stockyards for construction materials shall be contract
Design and of CSC
identified at least 300m away from watercourses. documents.
Layout
The Sewage Treatment Plant and solid waste treatment for the
camp shall be designed, built and operated.
Contractor’s camps shall be identified at least 2km away from the
Forest Reserves.
The Contractor as per prevalent rules shall carry out negotiations Construction
Arrangements with the landowners for obtaining their consent for temporary use camps and
Environment
for Temporary of lands for construction camp/construction/borrow areas etc. borrow
P 12 MoRTH 108.3 Contractor al Specialist
Land Temporary land arrangements shall not be from the forest areas
of CSC
Requirement reserves except under special permission circumstances where it
is un avoidable due to the vast forest reserves in the PIA.
Orientation of The KSHIP shall organize Orientation Sessions and regular Throughout EMP and other Contractor/
P 13 Implementing training sessions at all stages of the project. This shall include on- the training plan CSC and KSHIP
Agency and site training (general as well as in the specific context of a implementati developed by KSHIP
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Contractors subproject). These sessions shall involve all staff of KSHIP on period. KSHIP
involved in the implementation of EMP, Environmental Specialists
of CSC and Contractors.
CONSTRUCTION STAGE
Activities to be Carried Out by the Contractor
C1 Site Clearance
If required vegetation shall be removed from the construction Throughout
zone before commencement of construction. All works shall be the corridor
carried out such that the damage or disruption of flora other than
those identified for cutting is minimum.
Only ground cover/shrubs that impinge directly on the permanent
works or necessary temporary works shall be removed with prior
approval from the Environmental Expert of CSC. Environmenta
Clearing and
C.1.1 The Contractor, under any circumstances shall not cut or damage MoRTH 201 Contractor l Specialist of
Grubbing
trees and forest reserves. Trees identified under the project shall CSC, KSHIP
be cut only after receiving clearance from the Forest
Dept./DoEF/MoEF (as applicable) and after the receipt of
KSHIP’s written permission in this regard.
Vegetation only with girth size of over 30 cm shall be considered
as trees and shall be compensated, in the event of KSHIP’s
instruction to undertake tree cutting.
Appendix-1 provides guidelines for the preparation of the All debris
contractors Debris disposal plan. This is mainly to deal with disposal
surplus debris materials that would be available after adjusting for sites
all insitu applications.
Other debris generated due to dismantling of the existing road Environmenta
Disposal of
shall be suitably reused in the proposed construction zone, l Specialist
Debris from
subjected to the structure suitability of the materials and approval MoRTH 202 and Resident
C.1.2 dismantling Contractor
of the Resident Engineer and Environmental Expert of CSC as Engineer of
structures and
follows: CSC, EC,
road surface
For filling and leveling of School grounds and proposed parking KSHIP
areas.
The sub grade of the existing pavement shall be used as
embankment fill material.
Existing base and sub-base material shall be recycled as sub-
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base of the haul road or access roads.
The existing bitumen surface may be utilized for the paving of
cross roads, access roads and paving works in construction sites
and campus, temporary traffic diversions, haulage routes etc.
The Contractor shall suitably dispose off unutilized debris
materials either through filling up of borrows areas located in
wasteland or at pre-designated disposal locations, subject to the
approval of the Environmental Expert of CSC.
At locations identified for disposal of bituminous wastes, the
disposal shall be carried out over a 30 mm thick layer of rammed
clay so as to eliminate the possibility of scarified percolation of
leachate into the ground water. The Contractor shall ensure that
the surface area of such disposal pits is covered with a layer of
soil and subsequent turfing.
All arrangements for transportation during construction including
provision, maintenance, dismantling and clearing debris, shall be
considered incidental to the work and shall be planned and
implemented by the Contractor as approved and directed by the
Environmental Expert of CSC.
The pre-designed disposal locations shall be a part of Waste
Disposal Plan in consultation and with approval of Environmental
Expert of CSC.
Debris generated from pile driving or other construction activities
shall be disposed such that it does not flow into the surface water
bodies or for mud puddles in the area.
The Contractor shall identify dumping sites as per the Debris
Disposal Plan prepared using the Guidelines provided in the
Appendix 1; The identified locations shall be reported to the
Environmental Expert of CSC. These locations shall be checked
on site and accordingly approved by Environmental Expert of
CSC prior to any disposal of waste materials.
The pre-identified disposal location shall be part of All waste
Other Comprehensive Waste Disposal Plan Solid Waste Management disposal MoRTH: 202.5 Environmenta
C.1.3 Construction Plan to be prepared by the Contractor in consultation and with sites MoRTH: 301.11 Contractor l Specialist of
Wastes Disposal approval of Environmental Specialist of CSC. CSC, KSHIP
Location of disposal sites shall be finalized prior to initiation of the
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works on any particular section of the road.
The Environmental Specialist of CSC shall approve these
disposal sites after conducting a joint inspection on the site with
the Contractor.
Contractor shall ensure that any spoils or material unsuitable for
embankment fill shall not be disposed off near any water course
or agricultural land, Orchards and Natural Habitats like
Grasslands. Such spoils from excavation can be used to reclaim
borrow pits and low-lying areas located in barren lands along the
project road (if it so desired by the owner/community and
approved by the Environmental Specialist, CSC).
Non-bituminous wastes shall be dumped in borrow pits covered
with a layer of 30cm soil to ensure that borrow pit is restored to
original use. No new disposal site shall be created as part of the
project, except with prior approval of the Environmental Specialist
of CSC.
All waste materials shall be completely disposed and the site
shall be completely cleaned and certified by Environmental
Specialist of CSC before handing over.
The Contractor at his cost shall resolve any claim, arising out of
waste disposal or any non-compliance that may arise on account
of lack of action on his part.
The topsoil from all areas of cutting and all areas to be At all
permanently covered shall be stripped off to a specified depth of construction
150 mm and stored in stockpiles. A portion of the temporarily material
acquired area and/or Right of Way shall be earmarked for storing storage
MoRTH:
topsoil. The locations for stock piling shall be pre-identified in areas
301.3.2
Stripping, consultation and with approval of Environmental Specialist of
MoRTH: 301.7 Environmenta
stocking and CSC. The following precautionary measures shall be taken to
C.1.4 MoRTH: Contractor l Specialist of
preservation of preserve them till they are used:
305.3.3 and CSC, KSHIP
top soil (a) Stockpile shall be designed such that the slope does not
MoRTH:
exceed 1:2 (Vertical to horizontal), and height of the pile is
305.3.9
restricted to 2 m. To retain soil and to allow percolation of
water, silt fencing shall protect the edges of the pile.
(b) Stockpiles shall not be surcharged or otherwise loaded and
multiple handling shall be kept to a minimum to ensure that
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no compaction shall occur. The stockpiles shall be covered
with gunny bags or vegetation.
(c) It shall be ensured by the Contractor that the topsoil shall not
be unnecessarily trafficked either before stripping or when in
stockpiles.
Such stockpiled topsoil shall be utilized for –
Covering all disturbed areas including borrow areas, only
in case where they are to be rehabilitated.
Dressing of slopes of road embankment/agricultural fields
of farmers acquired temporarily land.
The Contractor shall provide safe and convenient passage for Throughout
vehicles, pedestrians and livestock to and from roadsides and the project
property access connecting the project road, providing temporary corridor
connecting road.
Environmenta
The Contractor shall also ensure that the existing accesses shall
C.1.5 Accessibility Contractor l Specialist of
not be undertaken without providing adequate provisions.
CSC, KSHIP
The Contractor shall take care that the cross roads are
constructed in such a sequence that construction work on the
adjacent cross roads are taken up one after one so that traffic
movement in any given area not get affected much.
Temporary diversions shall be constructed with the approval of Through out
the Resident Engineer and Environmental Specialist of CSC. the project
Detailed Traffic Control Plans shall be prepared by the Contractor corridor
and approved by Environmental Specialist and Resident especially at
Engineer of CSC seven days prior to commencement of works on intersections
Environmenta
any section of road. The Traffic Control Plans shall contain details and
l Specialist
Planning for of temporary diversions, traffic safety arrangements for settlements MoRTH: 112
and Resident
C.1.6 traffic diversions construction under traffic, details of traffic arrangement after and schools and its Contractor
Engineer of
and detours cessation of work each day, safety measures for night time traffic Amendments
CSC, EO,
and precaution for transportation of hazardous materials and
KSHIP
arrangement of flagmen.
The contractor shall ensure that the diversion/detour is always
maintained in running condition, particularly during the monsoon
to avoid disruption to traffic flow.
The Contractor shall also inform local community of changes to
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traffic routes, conditions and pedestrian access arrangements
with assistance from CSC and KSHIP. The temporary traffic
detours shall be kept free of dust by sprinkling of water three
times a day and as required under specific conditions (depending
on weather conditions, construction in the settlement areas and
volume of traffic).
C.2 Procurement of Construction Material
No borrow area shall be opened without permission of the All borrow
Environmental Specialist of CSC. The location, shape and size of areas
the designated borrow areas shall be as approved by the
Environmental Specialist of CSC and in accordance to the IRC
recommended practice for borrow pits for road embankments
(IRC: 10: 1961). The borrowing operations shall be carried out as
specified in the guidelines for siting and operation of borrow
areas.
The unpaved surfaces used for the haulage of borrow materials,
Earth from Environmenta
if passing through the settlement areas or habitations; shall be
C.2.1 Borrow Areas for MoRTH: 305.2 Contractor l Specialist of
maintained dust free by the Contractor. Sprinkling of water shall
Construction CSC, KSHIP
be carried out twice a day to control dust along such roads during
their period of use.
During dry seasons (winter and summer) frequency of water
sprinkling shall be increased in the settlement areas and
Environmental Specialist of CSC shall decide the sprinkling time
depending on the local requirements.
Contractor shall rehabilitate the borrow areas as soon as
borrowing of soil is over from a particular borrow area in
accordance with the approved Borrow Area Redevelopment Plan.
The Contractor shall obtain materials from quarries only after At quarries
consent of the Department of Mines and Geology and District and
Administration. In view of special situation of excavation of the hill Crushing
Quarry Environmenta
ward side, Contractor shall get an opportunity to use the same units. MoRTH: 111.3
C.2.2 Operations Contractor l Specialist of
material for road construction. This shall require establishment of
Crushers CSC, KSHIP
a number of crushers along the roadsides. The crushers and all
related activities shall be under taken as per the Policy guidelines
for installation of stone Crushers.
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Except as may be provided in the contract or ordered or Quarry sites
authorized by the Engineer, the Contractor shall not use
explosives.
Where the use of explosives is so provided or ordered or
authorized, the Contractor shall comply with the requirements of
the following Sub-Clauses of MoRTH 302 besides the law of the
land as applicable.
The Contractor shall at all times take every possible precaution
and shall comply with appropriate laws and regulations relating to
the importation, handling, transportation, storage and use of
explosives. The contractor shall at all times when engaged in
blasting operations, post sufficient warning flagmen, to the full
satisfaction of the Engineer. Sub-Clauses of 301.9 (i)
C.2.3 Blasting MoRTH:302.4
The Contractor shall at all times make full liaison with and inform MoRTH 302 304.5
well in advance and obtain such permission as is required from
all Government Authorities, public bodies and private parties
whomsoever concerned or affected or likely to be concerned or
affected by blasting operations.
Blasting shall be carried out only with permission of the Engineer.
All the statutory laws, regulations, rules etc., pertaining to
acquisition, transport, storage, handling and use of explosives
shall be strictly followed.
Blasting shall be carried out during fixed hours (preferably during
mid-day) or as permitted by the Engineer. The timing should be
made known to all the people within 1000m (200m for pre-
splitting) from the blasting site in all directions.
Contractor shall maintain all roads (existing or built for the All roads
project), which are used for transporting construction materials, used for
equipment and machineries as précised. All vehicles delivering haulage of
Transporting
fine materials to the site shall be covered to avoid spillage of construction As per IRC
Construction Environmenta
materials. materials guidelines and
C.2.4 Materials and Contractor l Specialist of
All existing roads used by vehicles of the Contractor or any of his contract
Haul Road CSC, KSHIP
subcontractor or suppliers of materials and similarly roads, which documents
Management
are part of the works, shall be kept clear of all dust/mud or other
extraneous materials dropped by such vehicles.
Contractor shall arrange for regular water sprinkling as necessary
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for dust suppression of all such roads and surfaces.
Contractor need to implement the finally approved contractors Through out
Construction Water Management Plan as per the guidelines the project
provided in Appendix 15. This is linked to the contractor’s work corridor
plan.
Contractor shall arrange adequate supply and storage of water
Environmental.
for the whole construction period at his own cost. The contractor
Protection Act
shall submit a list of source/s from where water shall be used for Environmenta
Construction 1986 and
C.2.5 the project to CSC and KSHIP. Contractor l Specialist of
Water MoRTH Spec.
The Contractor shall source the requirement of water CSC, KSHIP
for Roads and
preferentially by conjunctive use of Surface water and
Bridges
groundwater but with prior permission from the Groundwater
Authority. A copy of the permission shall be submitted to CSC
and KSHIP prior to initiation of construction.
The Contractor shall take all precaution to minimize the wastage
of water in the construction process/operation.
C.3 Construction Work
While working across or close to any perennial water bodies, Near major
River training Contractor shall not obstruct/prevent the flow of water. cross
Environmenta
and disruption to Construction over and close to the non-perennial streams shall drainage
C.3.1 MoRTH:304.3.2 Contractor l Specialist of
other users of be undertaken in the dry season. If construction work is expected structures
CSC, KSHIP
water to disrupt users of community water bodies, notice shall be (River
served well in advance to the affected community. crossings)
Contractor shall ensure that no construction materials like earth, Construction
stone, or appendage disposed off in a manner that block the flow sites of
of water of any water course and cross drainage channels. cross
MoRTH:305.3.7 Environmenta
Drainage and Contractor shall take all necessary measures to prevent any drainage
C.3.2 MoRTH:306 Contractor l Specialist of
flood control blockage to the water flow. In addition to the design structures
CSC, KSHIP
requirements, the Contractor shall take all required measures as
directed by the Environmental Specialist of CSC to prevent
temporary or permanent flooding of the site or any adjacent area.
Siltation of water The Contractor shall not excavate beds of any stream/canals/any Construction
Environmenta
bodies and other water body for borrowing earth for embankment sites of MoRTH:06
C.3.3 Contractor l Specialist of
degradation of construction. cross
CSC, KSHIP
water quality Contractor shall construct silt fencing at the base of the drainage
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embankment construction for the entire perimeter of any water structures
body (including springs and wells) adjacent to the project road
and around the stockpiles at the construction sites including
ancillary sites close to water bodies. The fencing shall be
provided prior to commencement of earthwork and continue till
the stabilization of the embankment slopes, on the particular sub-
section of the road.
Contractor shall ensure that construction materials containing fine
particles are stored in an enclosure such that sediment-laden
water does not drain into nearby watercourse.
All temporary sedimentation control works and maintenance At bridge
thereof shall be deemed as incidental to the earth work or other approaches;
items of work and as such no separate payment shall be made high
for them. embankmen
Contractor shall ensure the following aspects: t sections
After construction of road embankment, the side slopes shall (Low lying
be covered with grass and shrubs (refer Appendix-10 and 18) areas) and
as per design specifications. borrow pits
Slope protection Turfing works shall be taken up as soon as possible provided MoRTH: Environmenta
C.3.4 and control of the season is favorable for the establishment of grass sods. 305.2.2.2 Contractor l Specialist of
soil erosion Other measures of slope stabilization shall include mulching MoRTH: 306.2 CSC, KSHIP
netting and seeding of batters and drains immediately on
completion of earthworks.
In borrow pits, the depth shall be so regulated that the sides
of the excavation shall have a slope no steeper than 1
vertical to 2 horizontal, from the edge of the final section of
the bank.
Along sections abutting water bodies, pitching as per design
specification shall protect slopes.
C.4 Pollution
C.4.1 Water Pollution
Water Pollution The Contractor shall take all precautionary measures to prevent At all
Environmenta
from entering of wastewater into streams, water bodies or the irrigation surface MoRTH: 111.4
C.4.1.1 Contractor l Specialist of
Construction system during construction. Contractor shall avoid construction water bodies MoRTH: 111.1
CSC, KSHIP
Wastes works close to the streams or water bodies during monsoon. intercepting
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Contractor shall not wash his vehicles in river water and shall not with the
enter riverbed for that purpose. project
corridor
The Contractor shall ensure that all construction vehicle parking At all
locations, fuel/lubricants storage sites, vehicle, machinery and surface
equipment maintenance and refueling sites shall be located at water bodies
least 500 m away from rivers and irrigation canal/ponds. intercepting
The Contractor shall submit all locations and layout plans of such with the
sites prior to their establishment and shall be approved by the project
Environmental Specialist of CSC. corridor;
Contractor shall ensure that all vehicle/machinery and equipment refueling
MoRTH: 111.4
operation, maintenance and refueling shall be carried out in such stations and
MoRTH: 111.1
a manner that spillage of fuels and lubricants does not construction
(Oil
Water Pollution contaminate the ground. Wastewater from vehicle parking, fuel camps Environmenta
Interceptors)
C.4.1.2 from Fuel and storage areas, workshops, wash down and refueling areas shall Contractor l Specialist of
Petroleum Act
Lubricants be treated in an oil interceptor before discharging it on land or CSC, KSHIP
and Rules
into surface water bodies or into other treatment system.
MoEF/CPCB
In all, fuel storage and refueling areas, if located on agricultural
Notifications
land or areas supporting vegetation, the topsoil shall be stripped,
stockpiled and returned after cessation of such storage.
Contractor shall arrange for collection, storing and disposal of oily
wastes to the pre-identified disposal sites (list to be submitted to
CSC and KSHIP) and approved by the Environmental Specialist
of CSC. All spills and collected petroleum wastes shall be
disposed off in accordance with Petroleum Rules and PCB
guidelines.
C.4.2 Air Pollution
The Contractor shall take every precaution to reduce the level of Construction
dust from construction plants, construction sites involving sites and MoRTH:111.1 Environmenta
earthwork by sprinkling of water, encapsulation of dust source. construction MoRTH:111.5 l Specialist of
Due to the acute water scarcity in certain areas, Contractor establishme MoRTH:111.9 CSC, EO,
C.4.2.1 Dust Pollution Contractor
should limit water sprinkling once in the early morning hours. nt such as MoRTH:111.10 KSHIP
Contractor should erect warning boards on dust nuisance to the batching Contract through
road users. plants, hot Agreement Engineer
The Contractor shall procure the construction plants and mix plants
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machinery, which shall conform to the pollution control norms
specified by MoEF/CPCB/KSPCB.
The concentration of suspended particulate matter at a distance
of 40m from a construction plant located in a cluster of industries
should be less than 500 µg. The environmental monitoring is to
be conducted as per the monitoring plan.
Alternatively, only crushers licensed by the KSPCB shall be used.
The Environmental Specialist, EO and KSHIP through the
Engineer shall submit required certificates and consents.
Contractor shall ensure that all vehicles, equipment and The Air
Emission from machinery used for construction are regularly maintained and (prevention
Construction confirm that pollution emission levels comply with the relevant and control Environmenta
Annexure ‘A’ to
C.4.2.2 Vehicles, statutory requirements of CPCB and/Motor Vehicles Rules. of pollution) Contractor l Specialist of
MoRTH 501
Equipment and The Contractor shall submit PUC certificates for all Act, 1981 CSC, KSHIP
Machineries vehicles/equipment/machinery used for the Project. and EPA,
1986
C.4.3 Noise Pollution
The Contractor shall confirm the following: Trhough out
All Construction plants and equipment used in construction the project
shall strictly conform to the MoEF/CPCB noise standards. corridor and
All Vehicles and equipment used in construction shall be other
fitted with exhaust silencers. construction
Servicing of all construction vehicles and machinery shall be establishme
done regularly and during routine servicing operations, the nts
Noise Pollution: The noise
effectiveness of exhaust silencers shall be checked and if
Noise from pollution Environmenta
found defective shall be replaced.
C.4.3.1 Vehicles, Plants (regulation and Contractor l Specialist of
The equipment available in the market should be procured, if
and control) rules, CSC, KSHIP
the Contractor plans to purchase new equipment. For the old
Equipments 2000
equipment, necessary or possible alterations must be carried
out to reduce the noise levels to the possible extent.
Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery shall be
regular and up to the satisfaction of the Environmental
Specialist of CSC to keep noise levels at the minimum.
At the construction sites within 150 m of the nearest habitation,
noisy construction work such as crushing, operation of DG sets,
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use of high noise generation equipment shall be stopped during
the night time between 10.00 pm to 6.00 am. Working hours of
the construction activities shall be restricted around educational
institutions/Health Centers (silent zones) up to a distance of 100
m from the sensitive receptors i.e., School, Health Centers and
Hospitals etc.
Contractor shall provide noise barriers to the suggested locations
of select Schools. List of locations for noise barriers is given in
(Appendix-6).
Noise monitoring shall be carried out at the locations specified in
monitoring plan by the KSHIP and the Engineer through the
approved monitoring agency.
C.5 Safety
Contractor shall provide: Throughout
Protective footwear, protective goggles and nose masks to the project
the workers employed in asphalt works, concrete works, corridor and
crusher etc. construction
Welder’s protective eye-shields to workers who are engaged phase of the
in welding works project
Earplugs to workers exposed to loud noise, and workers Building and
working in crushing or compaction other
The Contractor shall comply with all regulations regarding Construction
safe scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, Workers
Personnel Environmenta
stairwells, excavations, trenches and safe means of entry (regulation of
C.5.1 Safety Measures Contractor l Specialist of
and egress. Employment
for Labour CSC, KSHIP
The Contractor shall comply with all the precautions as required and Conditions
for ensuring the safety of the workmen as per the International of Services)
Labour Organization (ILO) Convention No. 62 as far as those are Act, 1996;
applicable to this contract.
The Contractor shall make sure that during the construction work
all relevant provisions of Building and other Construction Workers
(regulation of Employment and Conditions of Services) Act, 1996
are adhered to.
The Contractor shall not employ any person below the age of 14
years for any work and no woman shall be employed on the work
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of painting with products containing lead in any form
The Contractor shall also ensure that paint containing lead or
lead products is used except in the form of paste or readymade
paint.
The Contractor shall take all necessary measures for the safety Throughout
of traffic during construction and provide erect and maintain such the project
barricades, including signs, markings, flags, lights and flagmen as corridor
proposed in the Traffic Control Plan/Drawings and as required by especially at
the Environmental Expert of CSC for the information and intersections
MoRTH: 112.4
protection on traffic approaching or passing through the section of and Environmenta
Traffic and MoRTH: 112.1
C.5.2 any existing cross roads. settlements Contractor l Specialist of
Safety IRC: SP:55
The Contractor shall ensure that all signs, barricades, pavement CSC, KSHIP
markings are provided as per the MoRTH specifications. Before
taking up of construction on any section of the existing lanes of
the highway, a Traffic Control Plan shall be devised and
implemented to the satisfaction of the Environmental Expert of
CSC.
The Contractor shall take all required precautions to prevent Construction The Building
danger from electrical equipment and ensure that – sites and and Other
No material shall be so stacked or placed as to cause danger storage Construction
or inconvenience to any person or the public. areas workers
Risk from All necessary fencing and lights shall be provided to protect (Regulation of Environmenta
C.5.3 electrical the public in construction zones. Employment Contractor l Expert of
equipments All machines to be used in the construction shall conform to the and Conditions SC, PIU
relevant Indian Standards (IS) codes, shall be free from patent of Service) Act,
defect, shall be kept in good working order, shall be regularly 1996 and
inspected and properly maintained as per IS provision and to the Factories Act,
satisfaction of the Environmental Expert of CSC. 1948
Contractor shall take all reasonable precautions to prevent Throughout
danger to the workers and public from fire, flood etc. resulting due the Contract
to construction activities. construction Agreement and Environmenta
Risk force
C.5.4 Contractor shall make required arrangements so that in case of phase Annexure ‘A’ to Contractor l Specialist of
measure
any mishap all necessary steps can be taken for prompt first aid MoRTH Clause CSC, KSHIP
treatment. Construction Safety Plan prepared by the Contractor 501
shall identify necessary actions in the event of an emergency.
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The Contractor shall arrange for – Construction The Building
A readily available first aid unit including an adequate supply of sites; labour and Other
sterilized dressing materials and appliances as per the Factories camps and Construction
Rules in every work zone. construction workers Environmenta
C.5.6 First Aid Availability of suitable transport at all times to take injured or sick establishments (Regulation of Contractor l Specialist of
person(s) to the nearest hospital. Employment CSC, KSHIP
Equipment and trained nursing staff at construction camp. and Conditions
of Service) Act,
1996
The Contractor shall provide, erect and maintain Construction
Informatory Environmenta
informatory/safety signs, hoardings written in English and local sites and MoRTH:801
C.5.7 Signs and Contractor l Specialist of
language (Kannada), wherever required or as suggested by the construction MoRTH:802
Hoardings CSC, KSHIP
Environmental Specialist of CSC. establishments
C.6 Flora and Fauna: Plantation/Preservation/Conservation Measures
The Contractor shall do turfing on embankment slopes, plantation Throughout
of shrubs as specified in the Contract. the length of
The compensatory plantation shall be carried out by the State project
Forest Department. corridor As per the
Road side Environmenta
Minimum 80 percent survival rate of the saplings shall be contract
C.6.1 Plantation Contractor l Specialist of
acceptable otherwise the Contractor/Forest Department shall document and
Strategy CSC, KSHIP
replace dead plants at his own cost. MoRTH 301.3.3
The Environmental Specialist of CSC shall inspect regularly the
survival rate of the trees planted by the Contractor in accordance
with the plantation strategy suggested.
The Contractor shall take reasonable precaution to prevent his Throughout
workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any project
flora (plant/vegetation) and fauna (animal) including fishing in any corridor
water body and hunting of any animal. If any animal is found near especially
Flora and the construction site at any point of time, the contractor shall near forest Environmenta
C.6.2 chance found immediately upon discovery thereof acquaint in the stretches Contractor l Specialist of
Fauna Environmental Specialist of CSC and carry out his instructions for including CSC, KSHIP
dealing with the same. surface
Environmental Specialist of CSC shall report to the near by forest water bodies
office (range office or divisional office) and shall take appropriate
steps/measures, if required in consultation with the forest
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officials.
All fossils, coins, articles of value of antiquity, structures and Throughout
other remains of archaeological interest discovered on the site project
shall be the property of the Government and shall be dealt with corridor
as per provisions of the relevant legislation.
The Contractor shall take reasonable precautions to prevent his The Ancient
workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any Monuments
Chance Found such article or thing. He shall, immediately upon discovery and Environmenta
C.6.3 Archaeological thereof and before removal acquaint the Environmental Specialist Archaeological Contractor l Specialist of
Property of CSC of such discovery and carry out the CSC’s instructions for Sites and CSC, KSHIP
dealing with the same, waiting which all work shall be stopped. Remains
The CSC shall seek direction from the Archaeological Survey of Act, 1958
India (ASI) before instructing the Contractor to recommence the
work in the site. The Archaeological structures identified along
the road sides should be protected/ preserved or enhanced as
per the law.
Contractor shall follow all relevant provisions of the Building and Labour
the other Construction Workers (Regulations of Employment and camps The Building
Conditions of Service) Act, 1996 for construction and and Other
maintenance of labour camp. Construction
The location, layout and basic facility provision of each labour workers
Environmenta
camp shall be submitted to CSC and KSHIP prior to their (Regulation of
C.7.1 Accommodation Contractor l Specialist of
construction. Employment
CSC, KSHIP
The Construction shall commence only upon the written approval and Conditions
of the Environmental Specialist of CSC. of Service) Act,
The Contractor shall maintain necessary living accommodation 1996
and ancillary facilities in functional and hygienic manner and as
approved by the CSC.
The Contractor shall construct and maintain all labour Construction The Building
accommodation in such a fashion that uncontaminated water is site, Labour and Other
available for drinking, cooking and washing. camp Construction Environmenta
C.7.2 Potable Water The Contractor shall also provide potable water facilities within workers Contractor l Specialist of
the premises of every camp at an accessible place, as per (Regulation of CSC, KSHIP
standards set by the Building and other Construction Workers Employment
(Regulation of Employment and Conditions of Service) Act, 1996. and Conditions
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The Contractor shall also guarantee the following: of Service) Act,
a) Supply of sufficient quantity of Potable Water (as per IS) 1996
in every workplace/labour camp (Site at suitable and
easily accessible places and regular maintenance of
such facilities.
b) If any water storage tank is provided that shall be kept
such that the bottom of the tank at least 1 m above the
surrounding ground level.
c) If water is drawn from any existing well, which is within 30
m proximity of any toilet, drain or other source of
pollution, the well shall be disinfected before water is
used for drinking.
d) All such wells shall be entirely covered and provided with
a trap door, which shall be dust proof and water proof.
e) A reliable pump shall be fitted to each covered well. The
trap door shall be kept locked and opened only for
cleaning or inspection, which shall be done at least once
in a month.
f) Analysis of water shall be done every month as per
parameters prescribed in IS 10500-1991.
Environmental Specialist of CSC shall be required to inspect the
labour camp once in a week to ensure the compliance of the
EMP
The Contractor shall ensure that – Labour
The Sewage system for the camp are designed, built and camps
The Building
operated in such a manner that no health hazards occurs and
and Other
no pollution to the air, ground water or adjacent water
Construction
courses take place
workers
Separate toilets/bathrooms, wherever required, Screened Environmenta
Sanitation and (Regulation of
C.7.3 from those form men (marked in vernacular) are to be Contractor l Specialist of
Sewage System Employment
provided for women CSC, KSHIP
and Conditions
Adequate water supply is to be provided in all toilets and
of Service) Act,
urinals
1996
Night soil can be disposed of with the help of local municipal
MoRTH:114.14
extractor or disposed of by putting layer of it at the bottom of
a permanent tank prepared for the purpose and covered with
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15 cm layer of waste or refuse and then covered with a layer
of earth for fortnight.
The Contractor shall provide garbage bins in the camps and Labour
ensure that these are regularly emptied and disposed off in a camps Annexure 'A' to Environmenta
C.7.4 Waste Disposal hygienic manner as per the Comprehensive Solid Waste MoRTH Clause Contractor l Specialist of
Management Plan approved by the Environmental Specialist of 501 CSC, KSHIP
CSC.
C.8 Contractor’s Demobilization
The KSHIP shall undertake seasonal monitoring of air, water and Representative
noise and soil quality through an approved monitoring agency. locations as Environmental Environmenta
Environmental The parameters to be monitored, frequency and duration of directed by Protection Act, l Specialist of
C.8.1 Contractor
Conditions monitoring as well as the locations to be monitored shall be as Environmental 1986 CSC and
per the Monitoring Plan prepared. National Standard of Air, Noise Engineer, KSHIP
and Water given in Appendix-7. CSC.
The Environmental Specialist of CSC shall have continuous Along the
Environmenta
Continuous interactions with local people around the project area to ensure project Environmental
l Specialist of
C.8.2 Community that the construction activities are not causing undue corridor Specialist of
CSC and
Participation inconvenience to the locals residing in the vicinity of project site CSC
KSHIP
under construction due to noise, dust or disposal of debris etc.
Contractor shall prepare site restoration plans, which shall be Throughout
approved by the Environmental Specialist of CSC. The clean-up the project
and restoration operations are to be implemented by the corridor
Contractor prior to demobilization. The Contractor shall clear all
temporary structures; dispose all garbage, night soils and POL
(Petroleum, Oil and Lubricants) wastes as per Comprehensive
Clean-up Waste Management Plan and as approved by CSC. MoRTH 111.9,
Environmenta
Operations, All disposal pits or trenches shall be filled in and effectively 111.10 and
C.8.3 Contractor l Specialist of
Restoration and sealed off. Residual topsoil, if any shall be distributed on 111.11
CSC, KSHIP
Rehabilitation adjoining/proximate barren land or areas identified by the
Contractor and approved by the Environmental Specialist of CSC
in a layer of thickness of 75 mm – 150 mm. All construction zones
and facilities including culverts, road side areas, camps, Hot Mix
plant sites, Crushers, batching plant sites and any other area
used/affected due to the project operations shall be left clean and
tidy, at the Contractor’s expense, to the entire satisfaction to the
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Environmental Specialist of CSC.
C.9 Construction Activities by KSHIP
The plantation at the following locations shall be implemented by Throughout
the KSHIP through the State Forest Department; the project
3. Road side corridor
4. Enhancement sites Karnataka Tree
State Forest
C.9.1 Tree Plantation 5. Forest land Preservation KSHIP
Department
6. Community Forestation Act, 1976
A forest area management plan is provided in Appendix-13 and
11 is the list of various enhancements sites included in the
project.
Development of the enhancement sites identified where PWD Minor
Oxbow lands
land is already available is provided in Appendix-11. realignment
and other left As per the MoU
s and space
C.9.2 over portions of with Forest State PWD KSHIP
within
the existing Department
existing
project road
RoW
OPERATION STAGE
Activities to be Carried Out by the KSHIP
The KSHIP shall monitor the operational performance of the Throughout
various mitigation/enhancement measures carried out as a part of the project
Monitoring the project. corridor As per the
O.1 Operation The indicators selected for monitoring include the survival rate of contract KSHIP KSHIP
Performance trees; utility of enhancement provision made under the project; document
status of rehabilitation of borrow areas; and effectiveness of noise
barriers.
PWD shall ensure that all drains (side drains, median drain and Throughout
Maintenance of all cross drainages) are periodically cleared especially before the project
O.2 KSHIP KSHIP
Drainage monsoon season to facilitate the quick passage of rainwater and corridor
avoid flooding.
The periodic monitoring of the ambient air quality, noise level, At Environmental
water (both ground and surface water) quality, soil quality in the representati Protection Act, Pollution
Pollution
O.3 selected locations as suggested in pollution monitoring plan ve locations 1986 and The Monitoring KSHIP
Monitoring
through the KSPCB or its approved monitoring agency. as per the noise pollution Agency
instructions (regulation and
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of Env. control) rules,
Engineer 2000
Visual Monitoring and inspection of soil erosion at borrow areas, Borrow
Soil Erosion and MoRTH
quarries (if closed and rehabilitated), embankments and other areas and
O.4 Monitoring of 305.2.2.2 and KSHIP KSHIP
places expected to be affected, shall be carried out once in every embankmen
Borrow Areas 306.3
three months as suggested in monitoring plan. t slopes
However the public shall be advised to construct the noise Throughout
Public barriers such as walls, double glazed windows and tree plantation the project
Corporate
awareness on between the roads and their property. The public awareness is corridor
O.5 Social KSHIP KSHIP
Noise levels and necessary regarding the human health through the news papers
Responsibility
Health Affects and consultations and distribution of pamphlets during the
operation stage.
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stored in canal bed, embankment slopes except material which shall be
reused in Construction. All debris requiring disposal shall be directly taken to
the Pre identified disposal site and deposited as per approved
Comprehensive Waste Disposal Locations.
Debris generated shall be reused in the construction of temporary diversion
of traffic, filling in embankment, slope protection work etc subject to the
suitability of the materials and approval of the Engineer and Environmental
Officer.
All arrangements for dismantling, clearing debris and its transportation shall
be considered incidental to the work and shall be planned and implemented
by the Contractor as approved and directed by the Environmental Officer.
Construction of temporary traffic diversions shall be carried out in
accordance with the plans prepared and approved during pre-construction
stage.
Temporary diversions shall be constructed after receipt of approval from
concerned authorities and under supervision of Environmental Officer.
Warning boards should be placed at least 500 m and 200 m from the
construction sites on both sides along with battery operated lamp/retro
reflective lamps.
Flashlights are provided at least 200 m before the construction site on either
side giving warning to drivers before reaching construction sites.
Signs, lights, barriers, cones, and other traffic control devices, as well as the
CSC and
Construction of riding surface of diversions shall be maintained in a satisfactory condition till IRC:SP 55;
Environment
C.1.2 temporary traffic such time they are required as directed by the engineer. MoRTH 112.4 Contractor
al Officer,
diversions Contractor shall keep the temporary traffic diversions free of dust by and 5
KSHIP
sprinkling of water three times a day and as required under specific
conditions (depending on weather conditions, construction in the settlement
areas and volume of traffic).
Contractor shall prepare a Detailed Traffic Control Plans and shall submit it
to the Environmental Officer for approval, five days prior to commencement
of works on any bridge. The traffic control plans shall contain details of
temporary diversions, traffic safety arrangements i.e. lighting arrangement,
signage, arrangement of flagmen etc. The Contractor shall provide specific
measures for safety of pedestrians and workers as a part of traffic control
plans. The Contractor shall ensure that the diversion/detour is always
maintained in running condition, particularly during the monsoon to avoid
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Responsibility
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disruption of traffic flow.
The Contractor shall also inform local community of changes to traffic routes,
conditions and pedestrian access arrangements with assistance from local
bodies and KSHIP.
Contractor shall not store/dump the construction material in water course.
Area of storage of material near the work site shall be earmarked in
consultation with Environmental Officer of CSC. This area shall not be at a
distance of less than 50 from bank of the water course.
The access road should be free from water logging.
Storage area should be leveled ground; stacking area should be planned CSC and
Handling and
and have racks, stands, sleepers, access traces etc and properly lighted, all IS: 7293 Environment
C.1.3 storing of Contractor
materials consumables, including raw steel or fabricated materials shall be IS: 7969 al Officer,
materials
stored properly on platforms, skids or other supports IS: 7293 and IS: 7969 KSHIP
dealing with handling of materials and equipment for safe working should be
followed.
Contractor shall prepare a plan for handling and storing of material at bridge
construction site and shall submit it for approval from Environmental
Officer/Engineer.
Contractor shall no obstruct the flow of water while constructing/rehabilitating
bridges. Contractor shall ensure that velocity in the constructed portion does
not increase more then twice the lean season velocity. This shall help
turbidity control in downstream and minimum disruption of flora and fauna.
Contractor shall carry out the excavation for foundation and construction of
substructures during lean season to reduce turbidity levels and soil erosion,
which may cause disruption to flora and fauna.
Water Training CSC and
Construction over and close to the non-perennial streams shall be
and Disruption Environment
C.1.4 undertaken in the dry season. MoRTH 2501 Contractor
to Other Users al Officer,
Contractor shall construct river training and protection work i.e. construction
of Water KSHIP
of guide bunds, guide walls, bank protection, flooring and approach
embankment protection etc. as given in engineering design/drawing in such
a fashion that shall provide safety to the bridge structure and its approaches
against damage by flood/flowing water and at the same time shall not pollute
water.
Contractor shall prevent the soil erosion by minimizing the amount of
exposed soil, minimizing the time the soil is exposed, avoiding steep cutting
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of slope (steeper than 1:2), and constructing all slope protection measures
whether incidental or payable, temporary or permanent in time.
The Contractor shall serve notice to the down stream users well in advance
if construction work is expected to disrupt users of community water bodies
or flow of surface water body is diverted. The Engineer/CMU shall ensure
that contractor has served the notice to the downstream users of water well
in advance.
The Contractor shall take prior approval of the Irrigation Department or CMU
(KSHIP) for any such activity.
Since the rivers along the project road are most of the time dry, Aquatic CSC and
Fauna are very limited. Any impacts to the aquatic fauna shall be avoided. Environment
Aquatic Fauna MoRTH 111 Contractor
al Officer,
KSHIP
Minimum required labour should stay at night at bridge site and Contractor AS per the
Labour shall make necessary arrangement of toilets, waste sanitation, and Drinking Labour laws of
Water requirement at site. the Nation
C.2 Pollution
C.2.1 Water Pollution
The Contractor should not discharge wastewater, generated during
construction, into streams, water bodies or the irrigation system without
Clause No
preliminary treatment and should conform to Karnataka State Pollution
501.86
Control Board.
MoRTH
Water Pollution Cofferdams or formwork shall be such as to ensure still water conditions. All CSC and
Specification for
from waste arising from the bridges construction activity is to be disposed off in Environment
C.2.1.1 Road and Contractor
Construction the manner that is acceptable to the State Pollution Control Board and as al Officer,
Bridge Works
Wastes per approved Comprehensive Waste Management Plan. KSHIP
W (PandC) P
Wastes must be collected, stored and reused in the construction/taken to
Act 1981
approved disposal sites.
The Environmental Officer shall certify that all wastes generated on bridge
site have been disposed off as per norms or in environment friendly manner.
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To avoid contamination from fuel and lubricants, the vehicle and equipments Clause No
shall be properly maintained and refueling/maintenance of vehicles shall not 501.8.6 MoRTH
Contamination CSC and
be done near the bridge sites. Specification for
of water from Environment
C.2.1.2 Diesel Generator set shall be placed on a cement concrete platform with oil Road and Contractor
fuel and al Officer,
and grease trap to control the oil ingress into soil/water bodies. Bridge Works W
lubricants KSHIP
(PandC) P Act
1981
Contractor shall ensure that no construction materials like earth; stone or
any other obstructing construction material is disposed in watercourse and
CSC and
shall take all necessary measures to prevent the blockage of water flow
Drainage and MoRTH:305.3.7 Environment
C.2.1.3 blocking the flow of water. Contractor
runoff MoRTH:306 al Officer,
In addition to the design requirements, the Contractor shall take all required
KSHIP
measures as directed by the Environmental Officer to prevent temporary or
permanent flooding of the site or any adjacent area.
Siltation of The Contractor shall not excavate beds of any stream/canals/nala for
CSC and
Water Bodies borrowing earth for embankment construction.
Environment
C.2.1.4 and Silt fencing shall be provided at bridge locations where rehabilitation /New MoRTH:06 Contractor
al Officer,
Degradation of construction is proposed as per drawing and locations attached in Appendix-
KSHIP
Water Quality 3 to avoid siltation of water bodies.
C.2.2 Air Pollution
The Contractor shall follow good engineering practices during demolishing of
bridges or part thereof and during Construction and rehabilitation of bridges.
(Refer Appendices EA and EMP)
Clause No 111
The Contractor should provide screen around the demolition sites wherever
and 501.8.6
feasible.
MoRTH
The Contractor shall reduce dust nuisance from construction sites by CSC and
Specifications
sprinkling of water, encapsulation of dust source and by erection of Environment
C.2.2.1 Dust Pollution for Road and Contractor
screen/barriers. al Officer,
Bridge Works
Vehicle delivering material shall be covered. End boards in loaders shall be KSHIP
Air (PandCP)
provided to prevent spillage. Water shall also be sprayed on temporary
Act
access roads and diversions.
The air pollution monitoring shall be carried out as per monitoring and
reporting programme detailed in Environment Assessment and Management
Plan.
C.2.3 Noise Pollution
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The demolition of bridges/rehabilitation of bridges shall be done using good The noise
Noise Pollution: CSC and
engineering practices so that noise levels are kept at acceptable levels. pollution
Noise from Environment
C.2.3.1 If required screens shall be erected around the construction sites. (regulation and Contractor
Vehicles, Plants al Officer,
control) rules,
and Equipments KSHIP
2000
C.3 Safety
Tool box meeting shall be held at least once a week in order to brief workers
about safety, do’s and don’t during construction. Toolbox safety meetings
are on the job meetings and shall keep employees alert to work related
accidents and illness. A toolbox meeting helps alert employees to workplace
hazards, and by preventing accidents, illness and on the job injuries. The
Tool Box MoRTH
meeting should involve groups of people who work together and face same
Meetings 2804.10
sort of injury risks. The meetings should be so designed to raise employee’s
awareness following hazardous incidents, a recent injury or near miss.
Toolbox meeting improve workplace safety and health, provide information
and instructions, improve consultation and help identify hazards and
deciding what action needs to be taken to reduce the risks.
Contractor shall provide:
Protective footwear, goggles and clothing to all workers employed on
laying of wearing coat, preparing cement mortars for brick work,
concreting, painting etc.
Welder’s protective eye shields to workers who are engaged in welding
works
Earplugs to workers exposed to loud noise, and workers working with
jack hammer, joint cutting machines, vibrators etc. CSC and
Personal Safety
Adequate safety measures for workers during handling of materials at MoRTH Environment
C.3.1 Measures for Contractor
site are taken up. 2804.10 al Officer,
Labour
The Contractor shall comply with all regulations regarding safe KSHIP
scaffolding, ladders, working platforms, gangway, stairwells,
excavations, trenches and safe means of entry and egress.
At every workplace, good and sufficient water supply shall be maintained
to avoid waterborne/water related/water based diseases to ensure the
health and hygiene of workers.
Persons working should wear safety helmets and rubber gloves
Contractor at his own expenses shall put up necessary shoring,
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Responsibility
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shuttering and planking or cut slopes to a safer angle or both with due
regard to the safety of personnel and workers and to the satisfaction of
the Engineer
The Contractor shall comply with all the precautions as required for ensuring
the safety of the workmen as per the International Labour Organization (ILO)
Convention No. 62 as far as those are applicable to this contract.
The Contractor shall make sure that during the construction work all relevant
provisions of the Factories Act, 1948 and the Building and other Construction
Workers (regulation of Employment and Conditions of Services) Act, 1996
are adhered to.
The Contractor shall not employ any person below the age of 14 years for
any work and no woman shall be employed on the work of painting with
products containing lead in any form.
The Contractor shall also ensure that no paint containing lead or lead
products is used to except in the form of paste or readymade paint.
Contractor shall provide facemasks for use to the workers when paint is
applied in the form of spray or a surface having lead paint dry is rubbed and
scrapped.
The Contractor shall mark ‘hard hat’ and ‘no smoking’ and other ‘high risk’
areas and enforce non-compliance of use PPE with zero tolerance. These
shall be reflected in the Construction Safety Plan to be prepared by the
Contractor during mobilization and shall be approved by SC
Contractor shall install a warning device in the area to be used to warn the
workers in case of mishap/emergency.
Contractor shall provide Safety Helmets conforming to IS 2925 to all the
workmen engaged in dismantling work.
The shed and tool boxes should be located away from work site.
Goggles preferably made up of celluloid’s and gas masks shall be worn at
the time of dismantling, especially where tools like jack hammers are
deployed to protect eyes from injuries form flying pieces, dirt, dust etc.
The workers shall wear leather or rubber gloves during demolition of RCC
work. Screens made up GI sheets shall be placed wherever necessary to
prevent the flying pieces from injuring the workers
Water should be sprayed to reduce the dust while removing concrete
wearing course with jackhammer.
No work shall be taken up under the span when dismantling work is in
98
Responsibility
Environmental Reference
Sl. No. Mitigation Measures Planning and Supervision/
Issue law/guidelines
Execution Monitoring
progress.
Contact numbers of Police, Fire Brigade, Ambulance, Police Station,
Engineer, EO CSC Consultant and KSHIP should be displayed at every
bridge Site.
Any skin contacts with epoxy materials; solvents and epoxy strippers should
be avoided. Epoxy resin can cause irritation of skin particularly epoxy
hardeners (B component) may cause a rash on skin in sensitive persons if
incorrectly handled. The resin and hardener should not be allowed to come
into direct contact with skin. The most effective protection is achieved by
wearing polythene gloves, rubber gloves, with a cloth liner, and protective
clothing.
The official toxicity classification on container labels may be looked for
before starting work.
Barrier creams are recommended but are not substitutes for protective
clothing. Eyes shall be protected where splashing could occur while
Handling of CSC and
spraying. Good ventilation shall be ensured and inhalation of vapors
Hazardous Environment
C.3.2 avoided. If materials are sprayed, a respirator shall be used. If skin contact MoRTH 111.6 Contractor
Materials / al Officer,
occurs, it shall be immediately washed with a cleaner, followed by soap and
Chemicals KSHIP
water. Should eye contact occur, it shall be flushed immediately with plenty
of water for 15 minutes and a doctor called for
If contact occurs with the clothing, it shall be immediately changed to prevent
further skin contact, and if the contact occurs with component A or B, the
clothing shall be thrown away. Hardened epoxy is not harmful but shall break
the clothing.
All emptied used buckets; rags and containers shall be removed from site.
These shall be stored in waste disposal bags and suitable disposed.
The Contractor shall prepare a hazardous waste management and disposal
plan and shall submit a copy of it to Environmental Officer (KSHIP) for
review and supervision.
The Contractor shall ensure that temporary bridges constructed for diversion
of traffic are as per norms and safe and approved by Environmental Officer. CSC and
Traffic IRC:SP 55;
Speed limits shall be set for movement of traffic on temporary bridges. Environment
C.3.3 Management MoRTH 112.4 Contractor
The Contractor shall take all necessary measures for the safety of traffic al Officer,
and Safety and 5
during construction and provide, erect and maintain such barricades, KSHIP
including sign, markings, flags, lights, warning boards and flagmen as
99
Responsibility
Environmental Reference
Sl. No. Mitigation Measures Planning and Supervision/
Issue law/guidelines
Execution Monitoring
proposed in the Traffic Control Plan/Drawings and as required by the
Environmental Officer for the information and protection of traffic
approaching or passing the bridge under construction or through the
temporary diversion.
The Contractor shall ensure that all signs, barricades markings are provided
as per the MoRTH specifications. Before taking up of construction on any
bridge site, a Traffic Control Plan shall be devised and implemented to the
satisfaction of the Environmental Expert. The Contractor shall take all
necessary measures for the safety of traffic during construction and provide,
erect and maintain such barricading, including signs, markings lights and
flagmen etc. For the information and protection of traffic.
A readily available first aid unit including an adequate supply of sterilized CSC and
dressing materials and appliances as per the Factories Rules at every Environment
C.3.4 First Aid MoRTH 121.3.1 Contractor
Bridge Construction site. al Officer,
KSHIP
The Contractor shall provide, erect and maintain informatory/safety signs, CSC and
Informatory IRC:SP 55;
hoardings written in English and Hindi, wherever required or as suggested Environment
C.3.5 Signs and MoRTH 112.4 Contractor
by the Environmental Officer. al Officer,
Hoardings and 5
KSHIP
CMU shall monitor water quality both upstream and downstream of bridges Environmental
thrice a year at the site of new bridges. Protection Act, CMU through
1986 and The approved
Pollution
C.3.6 noise pollution Pollution EO KSHIP
Monitoring
(regulation and Monitoring
control) rules, Laboratory
2000
C.4 Contractor’s Demobilization
Contractor shall prepare site restoration plans, which shall be approved by
the Environmental Officer. The clean-up and restoration operations are to be
Cleanup implemented by the Contractor prior to demobilization. All spaces excavated As per the CSC and
Operations, and not occupied by the foundation or other permanent works shall be contract Environment
C.4.1 Contractor
Restoration and refilled with earth up to surface of surrounding ground. document and al Officer,
Rehabilitation The Contractor shall clear all temporary structures; dispose all surplus RAP KSHIP
material laying in waterway or around bridge site as per Comprehensive
Waste Management Plan and approved by Environmental Officer.
100
Responsibility
Environmental Reference
Sl. No. Mitigation Measures Planning and Supervision/
Issue law/guidelines
Execution Monitoring
The bridge construction site shall be left clean and tidy, at the contractor’s
expense, to the satisfaction to the Environmental Officer.
OPERATION STAGE
Activities to be Carried Out by the CMU (Construction Management Unit)
The KSHIP shall monitor the operational performance of the various
Monitoring mitigation measures carried out in the form of river training works as a part of As per the
O.1 Operation the project contract KSHIP KSHIP
Performance The indicators selected for monitoring include the water quality status, Soil document
erosion etc.
The periodic monitoring of the surface water quality at the selected locations Pollution
as suggested in pollution monitoring plan shall be responsibility of KSHIP. Environmental Monitoring
Pollution
O.2 These locations shall be monitored once during operation stage. Protection Act, Agency KSHIP
Monitoring
1986 through
KSHIP
Contractor shall submit Accident Safety and Hazardous Chemical Spill
Safety
O.3 Management Plan and shall get it approved by the “EO KSHIP”. The plan MoRTH 111.6
Measures
should also have details of detours in case of emergency.
101
101
102
KSHIP (Head quarter). This mechanism is non-judicial in nature and does not preclude the
affected people coursing their grievances to the courts. The corrective action will be started
as per the action plan indicated to the stakeholder. The action taken and the outcome shall
form a part of quarterly report to ADB.
Table 8-3: Environmental monitoring for Air, Water, Noise and Soil
No of
Attribute Parameter Special guidance Standards Frequency Duration Location Implementation
samples
Air CO, NOx, SPM, High volume Air (prevention Once in every Two Construction Sites 36 or as KSHIP
RPM, Pb and SO2 sampler to be and control of four months years and major directed
located 50m from pollution) during establishments along
the plant in the Rules. CPCB, construction the subproject
down wind 1994 and operation including base line
direction. Use stage. monitored stations
method specified
by CPCB for 24 hr
sampling
Water Please refer Grab sample IS for Inland Once in every Two Drinking water 18 or as KSHIP
Appendix 7 for water collected from surface waters four months years samples from the directed
quality parameters source and analyze (IS:2296,1982) during labour camps and
to be monitored or as per standard and for construction from hand pumps,
parameters as methods for drinking water and operation Surface water from
decided by the examination (IS: 10500- stage. the water courses
Environmental 1991) along the road
Specialist of the project.
CSC
Noise Noise quality as per Equivalent noise MOEF Noise Once in every Two Near the construction 36 or as KSHIP
National Ambient levels using and Rules 2000 four months years camps, working desired
Noise Standards on integrated noise during zones, sensitive
db (A) scale level meter kept at construction receptors at major
a distance of 15m and operation human settlements
from edge of stage. along the road.
pavement Leq in db
(A) of day time and
night time
103
104
No of
Attribute Parameter Special guidance Standards Frequency Duration Location Implementation
samples
*Soil Monitoring of pH, Sample of soil Threshold for One sample Two Construction camp 20 or as KSHIP
Nitrogen, collected and each each during years /plant sites, Labour desired
Phosphorus,, analyzed using contaminant the pre and camps, Batching
Potassium, Sodium, absorption set by IRIS post monsoon plants and productive
Chloride, Organic spectrometer database of for agricultural lands
Carbon and Lead USPEA until construction abutting traffic
standards are and operation detours and traffic
available to stage. diversions and major
use. intersections.
*Accidental spillage of hazardous and non-hazardous substances need to be dealt with as special cases largely depends on the circumstances including
state of the substance (liquid or solid)
Monitoring shall be carried out at all locations used for collection of primary data in the study
.
105
Monitoring
S. plan/ Responsibili
Description of Item Indicator Stage
No Performance ty
indicators
has been completed
7 Performance No. of Trees to be cut Tree Pre PIU
indicators No. of Trees cut cutting constructio
% Progress on the tree n
removal
8 Performance No. of locations identified for Storage of Pre Contractor
indicators temporary storage of the excavated constructio
excavated materials to be used in materials n and
embankment and sub grade constructio
n
9 Monitoring Statutory environmental monitoring Environm Constructio Contractor
plan as per the conditions stipulated in ental n
the consents/ permission issued by status at
PCB constructi
on Sites
10 Monitoring Environmental parameter Air, Noise, Constructio PIU through
plan monitoring in accordance with the Soil and n and external
frequency and duration of Water Operation agency
monitoring as well as the locations quality
as per the Monitoring plan given in
Table 8.3
11 Monitoring Before the onset of monsoon all Silting of Constructio Contractor
plan the debris/excavated materials water n supervised by
shall be cleaned from the work bodies the
sites and disposed of at the pre – Environmenta
identified approved locations l specialist of
CSC
12 Performance Implementation of enhancement Enhance Constructio Contractor
indicators measures for ments n
Parking areas
Cultural properties
Religious properties
Other oxbow land
development
Monitoring
S. plan/ Responsibili
Description of Item Indicator Stage
No Performance ty
indicators
Signage (by type and No.)
Guard Rails
Guide Rails
17 Performance No. of chute drains provided Work Constructio Contractor
indicators sites n
18 Performance Soil erosion prevention measures Work Constructio Contractor
indicators Silt fencing (No. of locations sites n
and quantity)
Stone pitching (No. of
locations and quantity)
Any other (Grass seeding
etc.,)
19 Performance Utility ducts Utility Constructio Contractor
indicators Length provided ducts n
No. of Locations
20 Performance Water sources Work Constructio Contractor
indicators No. of sources protected sites n
No. of sources relocated
21 Performance No. of HIV awareness sessions Labours Constructio PIU
indicators conducted n Stage
22 Performance No. Safety awareness sessions Labours Constructio PIU
indicators conducted n Stage
23 Monitoring No. of awareness sessions for Public in Constructio PIU
plan educating the public about road the n Stage
safety and other environmental vicinity of
aspects (such as waste dumping, project
preservation of enhanced sites, road.
pollution and health impacts etc.)
8.6 Reporting system
187. Reporting system for the suggested monitoring programme operates at two levels
1) Reporting for environmental condition indicators and environmental management indicators
2) Reporting for operational performance indicators at the PIU level.
188. Environmental monitoring involves regular checking of the environmental management
issues detailed in the EMP and to ascertain whether the mitigation measures are achieving their
objectives, according to the EMP, with the progress of the works. It provides the necessary
feedback for project management to keep the programme on schedule will still achieving the
expected outcomes.
189. The contractor, CSC and PIU operate the reporting system for environmental conditions
and environmental management indicators. The reporting system is presented in Table 8.4.
Reporting formats (Appendix – 12) for contractors and CSC have been prepared, which will
form the basis of the implementation by the Contractor and monitoring by the CSC and PIU. The
list of reporting formats prepared for the project is presented in Table 8.6 and formats are
presented in Appendix – 12.
108
The reporting system will start with the construction contractor who is the main executor of
the implementation activities. The contractor will report to the CSC who in turn shall report
to the PIU. The Contractor will submit monthly and quarterly environmental compliance
reports along with formal monthly and quarterly reporting to the CSC.
The CSC will submit separate quarterly environmental monitoring reports to PIU in
addition to submission of the summary of the activities of the month in the formal monthly
report including any deviations and corrective actions.
PIU will be responsible for the preparation of the targets for identified non-compliances for
the EMP compliance.
190. A full record of construction activities will be kept as a part of normal contract monitoring
system. Reporting and Monitoring Systems for various stages of construction and related
activities have been proposed are to ensure timely and effective implementation of the EMP.
The operation stage monitoring reports may be annual or biannual, provided the Project
Environmental Completion Report shows that the implementation was satisfactory.
191. This reporting will be as follows:
Reporting by the contractor to the CSC
Reporting by CSC to PIU
Reporting by PIU for the information of all interested parties.
Table 8-5: Reporting System
Construction Supervision
PIU to oversee
consultant (CSC)
Item Contractor compliance
Supervisi
Reporting to PIU monitoring
on
Construction Stage
Monitoring of Before start of Regular Quarterly Regular
construction site and work
construction camp
Pollution monitoring As required As Quarterly Quarterly
required
Debris disposal area Weekly As Quarterly Quarterly
required
Monitoring Implementatio Regular Quarterly Quarterly
Enhancements n
Top soil preservations Weekly Weekly Monthly Quarterly
Borrow area/quarry Regular Weekly Monthly Quarterly
area / Debris disposal
area
Tree cutting Weekly Weekly Monthly Quarterly
Tree plantation Monthly Monthly Monthly Quarterly
Operation stage
Pollution Monitoring Quarterly Quarterly Quarterly As per monitoring
plan
Table 8-6: Summary Details of Reporting Formats
Construction
Format Forest
Item Stage Contractor Supervision Consultant
No. Department
(CSC)
109
Implementation Implementation
Reporting
and Reporting and Reporting Supervision
to PIU
to Engineer to PIU
EMS1 Approval of Pre- One time - One time One time
construction construction
camp/ plant
site and its
management
plan
EMS2 Approval of Pre- General- One - Regular Quarterly
Borrow construction time
Management Specific
Plan (General redevelopment
and Specific) plan – One for
each borrow
area
Identification of Pre- One time - One time One time
temporary construction
storage yards
and
Management
plan
Solid waste Pre- General- One - Regular Quarterly
Management construction time
Plan (General Specific
and Specific) redevelopment
plan – One for
each camp or
plant site
EMS3 Construction Construction Monthly - Regular Quarterly
camp and plant
site
management
EMS 4 Top Soil Construction Monthly - Regular Quarterly
management
EMS 5 Construction Construction Monthly - Regular Quarterly
plants and
pollution
control
Monitoring
EMS 6 Vehicles and Construction Monthly - Regular Quarterly
Pollution
Control
EMS 7 Details of the Construction Monthly - Regular Quarterly
DG sets and
pollution
control
EMS 8 Details of oil Construction Monthly - Regular Quarterly
Storage
EMS 9 Working at Construction Monthly - Regular Quarterly
water courses
and pollution
control
EMS10 Details of Construction Monthly - Regular Quarterly
Water
110
Construction
Forest
Contractor Supervision Consultant
Department
Format (CSC)
Item Stage
No. Implementation Implementation
Reporting
and Reporting and Reporting Supervision
to PIU
to Engineer to PIU
Extraction
EMS11 Details of Construction Monthly - Regular Quarterly
personal
protective
Equipment
EMS12 Status of Construction Half yearly - Half yearly Half yearly
consent for
water
extraction
EMS13 Deviations and Construction - Monthly Quarterly
corrective
Actions
EMS14 Tree plantation Construction Quarterly Quarterly
and
Operation
EMS15 Plantation of Construction As applicable Quarterly As As
shrubs and and applicable applicable
grass Operation
EMS16 Implementation Construction Monthly - Regular Quarterly
of
Enhancement
measures for
cultural
properties,
parking areas
and incidental
spaces
Status Operation - Half yearly
Regarding
Rehabilitation
of Borrow
Areas
Noise barrier Operation As applicable - Quarterly Quarterly
construction
Survival rate of Operation Quarterly Quarterly
plants
EMS17 Debris During Through out the - Regular Quarterly
generated due construction construction
to road period during
widening widening
192. The Environmental officer of CSC can make required changes in the formats specified in
Appendix 12 to ensure effective reporting of environmental issues. Some of the formats should
be included in the request for inspection such as Debris disposal area approval request. For
making any required changes in the frequency of reporting and change in the contents of the
report for effective and simple for implementation and monitoring, CSC should discuss the
reporting formats with the Contractor and PIU. This will not only ensure that the environmental
provisions are addressed but also link the satisfactory compliance to environmental procedures
111
prior to approval of the Interim Payment Certificate (IPC) by the Engineer. In the regular monthly
meeting the environmental aspects should also be discussed and the staff responsible for the
implementation of the environmental management from the contractor, PIU and CSC should
also be present.
Contractor,
Environmental Engineer, EHS
112
Environmental
Training
Mode of Aspects to be
Sl. No. Training Recipients Conducting
Training covered in training
Agency
modules
Module-VI Environmental staff of PIU Lecturers; Planning for External
involved in the project Group Environmentally Agency
Discussions Sustainable
Operation of Roads
Module-VII Environmental staff of PIU Lecturers; Long Term External
involved in the project Demonstration Environmental Issues Agency
sessions; in Road Management
Group
Discussions
8.9 ENVIRONMENTAL BUDGETARY PROVISIONS
201. The budgetary provision for the implementation of the environmental management plan
of the subproject road is presented in Table 8.8 and Table 8.9 and can be categorized in to two
types.
A) Environmental Management Plan Works to be implemented by the contractor under
civil works contract (not included in civil works BOQ)
B) Environment Management Plan Works to be implemented by Government
Departments or other agencies as per the regulatory requirements.
Table 8-8 : Bill of Quantities for Implementation of Environmental Management Action Plan to be
executed under Civil Works Contract
Sl. Amount
Description Unit Quantity Rate (Rs)
No. (Rs)
1 A. Carting away the unserviceable materials from Cum 14,309 58 824,198
work site to the nearest disposal site (up to a lead of
5km) and disposing the same in disposal pits or
borrow areas including depositing unserviceable
materials in layers and manual compaction.
Appendix: 1
B. The 30 cm top layer of disposal pit shall be Sqm. 79,495 28 2,205,986
provided with good earth, suitable for development
of vegetation/plantation. All work shall be carried out
as per specifications and approval of the Engineer in
Charge
2 Turfing at ground level at disposal pits for un- Sqm 79,495 27 2,146,365
serviceable material as per specifications and
approval of the Engineer in Charge.
3 Regular water sprinkling (at least 4 times) per day at Km 27.80 12,000 333,600
all construction sites for suppression of visible dust
levels.
Note: This item is to be operated after the
completion of earthwork to suppress the visible dust
levels. Cost of watering during compaction of
earthwork is deemed to be already covered under
civil works.
115
Sl. Amount
Description Unit Quantity Rate (Rs)
No. (Rs)
4 Construction of Recharge pits within the selected Nos. 10 26,000 260,000
water bodies along the project road as per approved
design and drawing as developed by Central Ground
Water Board (Ref Appendix-2 for details).
5 Construction of silt traps at the discharge points of M 10 1,250 12,500
channels into to fresh water bodies across the
project road as per the Standard Details provided in
the Appendix-3
6 Providing informatory sign boards (informatory Sqm 2 10,192 20,384
/caution messages) for road users for providing
information about ecologically sensitive areas, wild
life crossing points (if any), important tourist
locations, etc as applicable. The specifications of
sign boards shall conform to relevant IRC
specifications. The probable locations for
informatory sign boards are given in Appendix-4
7 Construction of 30cm thick clay lined (at bottom and Nos. 10 83,410 834,100
sides) pits for safe disposal of scarified bitumen
including carriage (up to a lead of 10km), depositing
bitumen in layers of 15 Cms with manual compaction
and covering the pit with 20cm thick good earth as
top layer at ground level all complete as per
specifications and details given in the Appendix-5
8 Turfing at ground level at disposal pits for scarified Sqm 3,515 28 97,541
bitumen as per specifications and approval of the
Engineer in Charge.
9 Periodic air quality monitoring during construction Nos. 36 7,500 270,000
stage at construction camp sites, bitumen hot mix
plants, crusher plants (if specifically established for
Project), at major settlement areas along project
road. The parameters to be monitored are SPM,
RPM, SO2, NOx and CO, Lead. Each monitoring
schedule shall be over a duration of 24 hours (in 8
hour shifts), once in four months for 2 Years). The
tests are to conducted in accordance CPCB norms
at locations given in Appendix - 7)
10 Water quality monitoring during construction phase Nos. 18 2,000 36,000
at locations given in Appendix - 7. The sampling
shall be carried out once four months for 2 years
and cover all parameters as per IS10500 including
heavy metals as per details given in Appendix-7.
11 Noise quality monitoring at specified silent receptors Nos. 36 500 18,000
along Project Road, at construction camp sites,
bitumen hot mix plants, crusher plants(if specifically
established for Project), and at major settlement
areas along project road. – Each monitoring
schedule shall be over a duration of 12hours (6Am
to 6PM), once in four months for 2 Years). The
monitoring shall be carried out in accordance with
CPCB norms at locations given in Appendix-7)
116
Sl. Amount
Description Unit Quantity Rate (Rs)
No. (Rs)
12 Soil quality monitoring at Construction camp /plant Nos. 20 3,500 70,000
sites, Labour camps, Batching plants and productive
agricultural lands abutting traffic detours and traffic
diversions and major intersections along Project
Road. Parameters shall include pH, Nitrogen,
Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium, Chloride, Organic
Carbon and Lead and carried out twice in a year
(Pre and Post Monsoon) at all locations for 2 years
as per details given in Appendix-7
13 Providing Oil Interceptors at the fuel/oil storage Nos. 1 5,000 5,000
camps or Construction camps. Typical Drawing
given in Appendix-8
14 Providing Personal Protective Equipment to the cost/ 100 1,000 100,000
labours during the construction phase of the project. person/
Appendix-9 annum
15 Provision for two health check ups for the cost/ 100 1,500 150,000
carcinogens from bituminous fumes, which may person
inhaled during road paving works. The first health
check up prior to induction of the personnel into the
construction works and the last health check up prior
to the discharge of the personnel from the
construction works
16 Utilisation of unserviceable material obtained from Cum 1,313 77 101,101
Road way excavation for widening and construction
of cross roads.
Total (Rs.) 7,484,776
Table 8-9: Bill of Quantities for Environmental Management Action Plan - Mandatory Works to be
implemented by Government Departments/ agencies as per regulatory requirements.
Sl. Rate Amount
Description Unit Quantity
No. (Rs) (Rs)
1 Raising Avenue Plantation along the project road Km 27.80 143,400 3,986,520
length @ 200 tress per Km. The Plantation
programme shall be prepared, implemented and
maintained for total of 7 (2+5) years.
2 Raising of Median Plantation along selected Km. 0 65,000 0
stretches of project road. The plantation program
shall be prepared, implemented and maintained for
total of 4 (1+3) years.
3 Construction of noise barrier(s) at specified M 890 4,200 3,738,000
locations along Project Road as per the
specifications and drawing given in the Appendix -6
4 Raising of Plantation to act as vegetative noise M 0 490 0
barrier at select locations as per specifications and
details given in Appendix - 6. The plantation
program shall be prepared, implemented and
maintained for 6 years as per plan.
5 Enhancement of roadside pond including gardening, Nos. 0 4,120,00 0
construction of parking lots, internal roads, as per 0
drawing No. Complete with all leads and lift and as
directed by the Engineer.
6 Re-Development of oxbow land with and other left Ha 1 94,000 94,000
over land at realignment locations along project road
117
ANNEX 7: GENERAL LAND USE AND CROPPING PATTERN OF THE PROJECT AREA.
126
The dumpsites have to be suitably rehabilitated by planting local species of shrubs and
other plants. Local species of trees has also to be planted so that the landscape is
coherent and is in harmony with its various components.
In cases where a dumpsite is near to the local village community settlements, it could be
converted into a play field by spreading the dump material evenly on the ground. Such
playground could be made coherent with the landscape by planting trees all along the
periphery of the playground.
Some of the dumpsites could be used either for plantation or for growing agricultural
produce such as ginger, turmeric or oranges etc.
Care should always be taken to maintain the hydrological flow in the area.
Possible impacts due to the excavated debris materials:
If not disposed off properly what would be the expected scenario? This is described in the
following sections.
1 Obstruction to natural watercourses
The materials if not disposed off properly would be taken by the running water to the lowest
portion of the valleys/streams creating huge obstruction to free flow of natural stream water.
If people were residing nearby that would affect their life by way of flooding or by spoiling the
premises.
2 Siltation in surface water reservoir
Most of the materials would be ultimately taken down stream through rivers and ultimately
depositing in to reservoirs leading to heavy siltation. This in turn would reduce the reservoir
capacity substantially within a very short span. This could incur huge losses to the
exchequer. Desiltation is also expensive and normally carried out after many years of
operation of reservoirs in the natural circumstances.
3 Soil Erosion
Massive soil erosion is the most direct impact of the debris excavation. The precipitation and
the consequent run off would erode the loose materials by way of suspension and solution.
Once reached up to the mainstream courses even the big boulders would be transported
down due to the steep gradients available along the stream courses.
4 Spoiling of Agricultural land
As a usual practice mainly due to poor planning and limited resources, the Contractor
usually throw the materials to the near by valley areas. This would be taken down to the
private agricultural areas. The farmer will incur huge losses and may even sue the
Contractor. As a result the project could be stopped indefinitely leading to losses for the
people of the State.
5 Destruction of Agricultural crops
Destruction of agricultural crops immediately down the hill will require crop compensation
there by reducing the profit margin of the Contractor.
Identification of Disposal Areas:
The Contractor should also try to make use of all disposal areas identified during the project
preparation stage. If the road execution is approaching hilly area, rolling terrain,
mountainous area or rocky area then importance should be given to screening i.e., to screen
the debris into useful materials. Useful stones can be utilized as construction material and
non-useful can be used as development of the public, social and cultural properties as
3
already written above such as parking places, school playground, bus bays, ground near any
temple and Mosque so that people participation can be assured in the implementation of the
project. So it would be good if NGOs are introduced to perform this task more efficiently.
In order to maximize the profits or at least to reduce the expenditure, the contractor usually
resorts to his own methods. In that process Contractor could find a more number of feasible
areas.
Following are some of the burrow pits nearby Padubidri - Karkal subproject road, which can
be used as disposal sites for unserviceable materials derived from the project.
Sl. Quarry Chainage
Name of Quarries
No. No. (Km)
48A: Padubidri - Karkal
Road Side Moorum Borrow Pits on LHS is
MII-1B-
1 located at a distance of 0.2 km from Project 3+800
244
Road.
Road Side Moorum Borrow Pits on LHS is
MII-1B-
2 located at a distance of 0.2 km from Project 14+200
245
Road.
Road Side Moorum Borrow Pits on LHS is
MII-1B-
3 located at a distance of 0.1 km from Project 23+000
246
Road.
Road Side Moorum Borrow Pits on LHS is
MII-1B-
4 located at a distance of 0.3 km from Project 26+000
247
Road.
Disposal methods and its limitations:
There are several constraints in the disposal of materials in the identified locations. They are
Disposal areas are uneven and irregular in shape in the hilly terrain
Most of the disposal areas would require construction of retaining walls
Disposal areas would require compaction
Disposal areas would require plantation
No overloading and should be in small trucks or dumpers
Need to transport safely with covered trucks using tarpaulin
Consultation with all concerned
Written permission form all concerned
To transport through difficult haul roads- may require maintenance
Local community Groups
At each identified debris disposal locations, it is necessary to form local community groups.
Entrust the duty of the supervision and all other assistance to dumping process. Ultimately
the disposed area should be compacted using road rollers.
Information display boards
The capacity of the disposal locations, name of the location etc shall be written in an
information board at each identified disposal locations.
Proposed design:
Contractor needs to plan the disposal in the following way
Identify the disposal area
Need to photograph the present land use and condition of the area
Consult with all stakeholders
Get written agreement from all concerned
4
Some of the locations for silt fencing on the proposed road are given in the following
table. Silt fencing locations have been selected such that each recharge pit will have
one silt fence to prevent silt from entering the nearest water bodies and also prevent
choking of recharge pit by the silt coming from runoff water increasing the life of
recharge pits. Silt fence are mounted in guiding drains at a distance of 3 to 5 M in the
upstream direction depending on the gradient of the guiding drains. However location
of silt traps will depend on contractor’s proposal for site facilities and work sites and should
8
be taken away. Machinery required for this purpose being bulky in nature, sufficient right-
of-way is required. This becomes an important consideration for in-place recycling within
the city areas.
COLD IN PLACE RECYCLING:
In cold in-place recycling process, first, the pavement is scarified with a scarifier. The
scarified material is crushed to the required gradation. Then the required amount of fresh
aggregates and binder in cold form (emulsion or cutback) is added. It is compacted and
left for aeration. During this process additives like, cement, quick lime, fly ash may be
used. The cold mix recycling takes care of local geometric correction, correction of
pavement distresses like surface cracks. Being an in-situ process the hauling cost is
considerably low. The air quality related problems during construction is almost
negligible as compared to hot mix process. Similar to hot in place recycling process the
machinery required being bulky, sufficient maneuvering space should be available for
operating the equipment. Also, the lane needs to be closed for certain time so that
sufficient time is available for curing of freshly laid course. Moisture content (when
bitumen emulsion is used) needs to be given importance as it influences gradation
control, mixing and workability of recycled mix to a large extent.
HOT CENTRAL PLANT RECYCLING:
In this process, RAP is combined with required quantity of bituminous binder, and fresh
aggregates in a hot mix plant. The resultant mix is heated to an elevated temperature
and mixed thoroughly. The hot mix is transported to paving site, placed, and compacted
to the required compaction level. The main advantage of this process is that the mix
properties and performance is comparable to that of virgin mix. It is noted that the quality
control in this process is better when compared to hot in-place recycling. As RAP is
susceptible to moisture, care needs to be taken while storing it. Less workspace is
required for laying the recycled mix, hence this is suitable for the roads where the right-
of-way is somewhat restricted. The RAP should not be exposed to extremely high
temperature as it causes pollution due to smoke emission.
COLD CENTRAL PLANT RECYCLING:
This is the similar process as is the hot central plant mixing except it does not involve
any heating and therefore emulsion bitumen is used binder in most of the cases. Precise
control on the mixing time is important. Over-mixing may cause premature breaking of
emulsified bitumen, under-mixing results in insufficient coating of aggregates.
Details of scarified bitumen generated from the proposed road project and the number of
Bitumen Disposal Pits (of volume 547 Cu m) required for the disposal are given in the
following table.
Quantity of Scarified Number of
Link ID
bitumen generated (Cum) Pits
48A 5,689 10
12
Noise mitigation techniques will be employed as may be warranted at each of the sensitive
receptor sites tabulated in the above table. Definitive noise levels will be empirically
determined at each site and selection of the mitigation technique shall be made on a site-
specific basis in consultation with property owners. Co-ordination and implementation will be
the responsibility of the Environmental officer of the construction supervision consultants
(CSC). Mitigation cost has been estimated as a part of the environmental costs of the
project.
15
APPENDIX - 7: SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR AIR, WATER, NOISE AND SOIL WITH
NATIONAL STANDARDS.
1 Ambient Air Quality Standards (National)
Concentration in ambient air
Time-Weighted
Pollutants Industrial Residential, Rural Sensitive
Average
Area & other Areas Area
Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Annual Avg. 80µg/m3 60µg/m3 15µg/m3
24 Hours** 120µg/m3 80µg/m3 30µg/m3
Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) Annual* 80µg/m3 60µg/m3 15µg/m3
24 Hours** 120µg/m3 80µg/m3 30µg/m3
SPM Annual 360µg/m3 140µg/m3 70µg/m3
24 Hours** 500µg/m3 200µg/m3 100µg/m3
RPM (Size<10µm) Annual 120µg/m3 60µg/m3 50µg/m3
24 Hours** 150µg/m3 100µg/m3 75µg/m3
Lead (Pb) Annual 1µg/m3 0.75µg/m3 0.5µg/m3
24 Hours** 1.5µg/m3 1µg/m3 0.75µg/m3
Carbon Monoxide (CO) 8 Hours** 5mg/m3 2mg/m3 1mg/m3
1 Hour 10mg/m3 4mg/m3 2mg/m3
Source: Standards for liquid effluents, gaseous emissions, automobile exhaust, noise and Ambient
Air Quality, Central Pollution Control Board,PCL/4/1995-96
* Annual Arithmetic Mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year taken twice a week 24 hourly at
uniform interval
** 24 hourly/8 hourly values should be met 98% of the time in a year. However, 2% of the time, it may
exceed but not on two consecutive days.
2 Water quality Standards (IS 10500: 1991)
Sl SUBSTANCE/ DESIRABLE PERMISSIB
REMARKS
No CHARACTERISTIC LIMIT LE LIMIT
1 COLOUR, HAZEN UNITS, 5 25 Extended to 25 if toxic
MAX substance are not suspected in
absence of alternate sources
2 ODOUR Unobjectionabl a) Test cold and when heated
e
b) Test at several dilution
3 TASTE Agreeable Test to be conducted only after
safety has been established
4 TURBIDITY N T U, Max 5 10
5 pH value 6.5 to 8.5 No
relaxation
6 TOTAL HARDNESS (as Ca 600 600
CO3 mg/lit)
7 IRON (as Fe mg/lit, Max 0.3 1.0
8 CHLORIDES (as Cl mg/lit 250 1000
Max
9 RESIDUAL FREE 0.2 To be applicable only when
CHLORINE, mg/lit Max water is chlorinated. Treated at
consumer end. When protection
against viral infection is
required, it should be Min 0.5
mg/lit
10 DISSOLVED SOLIDS mg/l, 500 2000
Max
11 CALCIUM (as Ca) mg/l, 75 200
Max
12 COPPER (as Cu) mg/l, 0.05 1.5
Max
13 MANGANESE (Mn) mg/l 0.1 0.3
17
Appendix : 8
OIL INTERCEPTOR
Location of Oil Interceptors has been considered such that each construction camp having
refueling stations, oil and lubricants storage places will have one oil interceptor to stop &
separate the floating oils. However the number of interceptors shall be increased as the
situation demands or during the accidental spillages with the consent of Environmental
Engineer of Construction Supervision Consultants. Provision has been made to provide one
oil interceptor for each construction campsite in the EMP BoQ.
20
2) Use sound level meters to measure. If the sound level exceeds 85 dB(A), then
preventive and protective measures should be taken
3) Make personnel aware of noisy areas by using suitable warning signs and insisting that
ear protective devices should necessarily be worn.
4) Reduce noise at source by improved maintenance, replacing noisy machines, screening
with noise absorbing material, making changes to the process/equipment, controlling
machine speeds, ensuring that two noise-generating machines are not running at the
same time, using cutting oils and hydraulic breakers.
5) Appoint a competent person to carryout a detailed noise assessment in the site,
designate ear protection zone, and give instructions on the necessary precautionary
measures to be observed by site personnel, including the use of suitable type of ear
protections.
6) Wear and maintain ear muffs and ear plugs as required
7) In construction or repair works, noise should be kept to a low-level bearing in mind the
disturbance to local residents.
ROAD WORKS
1) The use of signage is most important to caution the road users of possible unsafe
conditions due to the road works.
2) Use appropriate signage devices as required by the site conditions/situation. The
devices include regulatory signs, delineators, barricades, cones, pavement markings,
lanterns and traffic control lights.
3) While using signs, make sure that they are (i) simple, easy-to-understand and convey
only one message, (ii) luminescent and with reflective properties and (iii) prominent and
of appropriate size.
4) While using barricades, make sure that you keep traffic away form work areas and you
guide the drivers to keep along a safe and alternative path.
5) Ensure that proper personal protective equipment (PPE) is provided to all the workers.
6) Cover existing road signs and install new ones at appropriate locations taking into
account the distances that would be required and reaction times.
7) Plan layout and traffic management so that hazards do not occur.
8) Deploy flagmen to control traffic at the work areas. The flag should be 600mm x 600mm
fastened to a 1m length staff.
9) Flagmen should wear reflective safety vests along with hard hats.
10) If required, use wireless devices for flagmen to co-ordinate form either ends of the road,
where works are being carried out.
ELECTRICAL HAZARDS IN CONSTRUCTION AREAS
1) Treat all wires as live wires
2) Never touch dangling wires but report them to the manager
3) Unless you are a qualified electrician do not attempt electrical repairs
4) Never use electrical equipments if your hands are wet or you are standing in water
5) If electrical equipment is sparking or smoking, turn the power off and report the condition
to the supervisor
6) Never use electrical wires having physical damage
7) Never allow equipment or traffic to run over the electrical wires.
USE AND STORAGE OF GAS/LPG
1) Store filled gas/LPG cylinder in an open area or outside the building
2) Transport, store, use and secure cylinders in upright position
3) Ensure proper ventilation at the ground level where the gas/LPG is in use
4) Avoid physical damage to the cylinder
5) Never weld or cut on or near the cylinder
6) Store empty cylinders secured and in upright position.
7) Make sure that the cylinder is closed immediately after use.
8) Investigate immediately if there is thea smell of LPG or gas.
22
4) Inspect helmets for cracks, sign of impact or rough treatment before each usage and
replace defective or damaged helmets.
Hearing Protection
1) Provide ear plugs or ear muffs as required. Use re-usable ear plugs when the reduction
required (15-25 dB (A) is not excessive. Use ear muffs where a large attenuation of up to
40 dB (A) is demanded.
2) Do not use dry cotton wool for hearing protection because it cannot provide protection.
3) Provide disposable ear plugs for infrequent visitors and ensure that they are never re-
used.
4) Provide re-usable ear plugs for those who need to work continuously for a long period in
a high noise area.
5) Use ear muffs with replaceable ear cushions because they deteriorate with age or may
be damaged in use.
6) Avoid wearing spectacles with ear muffs.
7) Use soap and water or the recommended solvent for cleaning ear muffs.
8) Provide ear muffs for those who may need to get in and out of a high noise area
frequently.
RESPITATORY PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
1) Wear suitable respirable mask for protection against small particles entering the lungs,
e.g. while emptying of cement bags.
2) Provide training to all persons using the respirators for their correct fitting, use, limitations
and symptoms of exposure.
3) Clean and inspect all respirators before and after use.
4) Store respirators properly when it is not in use.
Safety Footwear
1) Wear suitable footwear while working.
2) Use safety footwear on site or in dangerous areas.
3) Wear suitable safety shoes or ankle boots when working where there is a high risk of foot
injuries from slippery or uneven ground, etc.
4) All Safety footwear including safety shoes, ankle boots and rubber boots should be fitted
with steel toecaps.
5) Avoid wearing flip flops, high heeled shoes, slippers, light sport shoes in situations where
there is a risk of foot injury.
6) Keep shoe lace knots tight.
Hand Protection
1) Wear suitable gloves for activities such as welding & cutting and manual handling of
materials & equipment.
2) Do not wear gloves where there is a risk of them becoming entangled in moving parts of
machinery.
3) Wash hands properly with disinfectant soap before eating & drinking. Wash hands
immediately after each operation on site & when the situation warrants.
FIRE PREVENTION, FIGHTING AND EQUIPMENT
Before fire breaks out
1) Store flammable material in proper areas having adequate fire protection systems.
2) Display sufficient warning signs.
3) Train selected personnel to use these fire extinguishers.
4) Inspect fire extinguishers regularly and replace as necessary.
5) Fire escape route should be kept clear at all times and clearly indicated.
6) Know the escape route and assembly point.
7) Display escape route maps prominently at prominent places.
8) Carryout fire drill regularly. Designate fire Officers.
26
Sl. Stage and Nature of construction Safety measures expected to be taken by the
no. Hazard contractors and site Engineers
opening the form – work accident due to be very careful while formwork is removed. Only
fall of materials during removing the trained carpenters should be deputed for the work.
forms. A safe resting place outside the area of slab as a
temporary measure should be constructed from
where the slab can be removed safely. Removal of
form-work during night should not be permitted
under any circumstances.
8 Scaffolding – Fall of work–man, This is a very common negligence on the part of
supervision staff, standing on challis not labour who do scaffolding work. The Challis on
tied properly or toed only at one end. which they work either span over its complete
(Challis mainly made of Bamboos) length or is tied loosely and many a times at one
end only. Hence, care must be taken that the
challis do not span over the full length but some
middle support should be provided and also the
same is tied properly on both ends.
9 Ladders - Balli or bamboo ladders – The The ladders should be strong enough to bear the
horizontal member breaks and the weight of a labour with materials on head. As for as
person falls. Some times the top face possible a hand rail should be provided at one end.
just rests on wall and the whole ladder The horizontal member should be preferably fixed
tilts causing an accident. with bolt & nuts or strong nails. When the ladder is
placed across a wall the top portion should be tied
firmly to a strong support so that the ladder does
not move laterally.
10 Dismantling – Dismantled materials may When work of demolition is to be taken up the area
fall on passer by or the person engaged should be closed for all outsiders. No one should
in dismantling work may fall due to be allowed up to 50m from the place of demolition.
slipping. The dismantled materials may The workers engaged in demolition should be
fall on persons working below. asked to wear safety belts. Helmets must be worn
by all the workers engaged in dismantling work.
The place should be strictly guarded at night with
red lights at prominent places, and watchman
should be posted.
11 Electrical connections/ cables etc., - HT The work in such places should not be allowed to
/ LT electric wire passing near the slab the workers themselves, but in such position the
structure – while bending, lifting or tying work must be executed under the strict supervision
reinforcements the bar benders may of a responsible Foreman or a Supervisor.
sustain the electric shock, causing fatal
injury.
12 Electric- connections/cables, etc., - Before taking up the work all available drawings
cables below ground may get punctured should be studied, local enquiry to be made to
during excavation & thus electrocute the know the position of cables and work in such area
labour working. Similarly when should be got executed under strict supervision of
connecting is in progress the punctured an experienced Foreman or a supervisor.
cable may prone to be fatal to the
labour.
13 Electric connections/cables etc.,- The Electric wires should be maintained by an
Temporary Electric lines near damp electrician who should regularly check up the
walls, near joinery stretched on a insulation of wires especially placed near steel
considerable length – There is every items & damp areas.
chance that the wire may get cut due to The temporary wiring should be supported properly.
usage and may develop short As far as possible a good quality wire should be
circuits/leakages etc., and may used which may not get damaged easily.
electrocute the person touching the
wire accidentally.
14 Electric and gas welding work – Drilling, All wiring works to be inspected by experienced
polishing work – Done by temporary electrician. All wires to be properly insulated and
cables used on a number of works – fixed at height on temporary poles. No welding
Due to the fact that the wires are old & work should be permitted near damp area. The
when they come in contact with water welders to be provided with welder’s goggles &
28
Sl. Stage and Nature of construction Safety measures expected to be taken by the
no. Hazard contractors and site Engineers
even in the process of curing the gloves. As far as possible machine in good
surrounding area may get affected due condition should be used.
to leakage in the electric current thus
causing damage to the workers &
supervision staff.
15 Construction machinery – Concrete The Mixers with hopper should be operated by an
mixers – Safety precautions. A mixer experienced mixer operator and such mixers
with hopper tried to be operated by an should not be allowed to be handled by a helper or
helper could not release brake in time a labour.
thus causing injury to the person near
hopper – some times fatal one.
16 Water storage Tank for general use & The water tanks constructed on site should be
curing - chances of children of workers protected by at least 1.0m high walls on four sides,
falling in the tank with fatal accident. so that the children do not fall.
17 Site cleaning – Cleaning top floors of This dangerous practice should not be allowed at
buildings – Upper portion of any all. The materials should be brought to the ground
structure – throwing waste materials with the help of lift or the use of rope over pulley
broken concrete pieces, brick bats, sand with a bucket, thus bringing down materials safely.
etc., straightway fro top to ground
injuring person below or even a
passerby.
18 Bar bending work – Helpers of bar This is a very bad practice. The helpers should
benders to follow short cut method, bring the rods to ground with help of lift or rope &
throw surplus steel pieces from top pulley.
floors to ground and may cause fatal
injuries.
29
Median Plantation:
No median plantation is proposed as there is no proposed cross section having median.
2. Purpose of tree plantation
The objectives of planting trees and shrubs at selected enhancement sites against the felled
trees are as follows.
To reduce the impacts of air and dust pollution and act as a natural filter to traffic
emissions
To provide shade for the traffic as well as the pedestrians
To reduce the impact of vehicular noise caused by vehicles
To arrest soil erosion on slopes
Beautification of sites by planting selective ornamental shrubs, landscaping and
turfing with grasses.
Planting trees on the roadsides is to produce a softer greener landscape.
To act as a natural filter to the traffic emissions
3. Impacted Trees
3.1 Public owned trees
These are trees within the legal ROW of project road within the control of PWD.
All these trees with in the forest reserves are also termed as public trees. However the
procedure for cutting of these trees is different from the normal trees within the PWD ROW.
3.2 Private owned trees
The number of private owned trees to be acquired outside the right of way will be high
compared to the public trees within the right of way. The private trees that will be affected
during widening and improvement will be subjected to compensation at the appropriate
market rates. In addition to this the project will plant two trees for every tree removed as a
compensatory tree planting measure irrespective of the size, species etc.
Number of impacted trees due to proposed road:
Link Girth (30cm Girth (>60cm Girth (>90cm Girth
Link Description Total
ID –60 cm) - 90cm) - 180cm) (>180cm)
30
The cost for the turfing along the bridge approaches and high embankments are part of the
civil construction contract.
Grass lines are used to provide a strong surface cover at the slope but it also needs a well –
prepared surface. If grass is to be effective, then it must be allowed to establish property on
a slope, which is not subject to undue stress from erosion and mass movement in its stages.
To ensure this the following measures are suggested for the grass turfing.
A cover of 25 grams of grass seeds per Sq. m of surface will be prepared.
Bed will be prepared in June. The seed sowing must be carried out before the onset
of monsoon so that they yield desired results. Till the onset of the monsoon, watering
of the surface to be done by tankers with controlled flow sprinklers.
After sowing, mulch of prepared and dried out herbs will be laid over the whole
seeded area in a thin layer so that the direct sunlight and transpiration loss may not
affect the grasses
The grass species recommended for median are khabbal, Dhaula, Palwan, Sariala
and Kahi.
Contractor will ensure that the condition of the site is good enough for the successful
establishment of grasses and quality of grass seeds used.
8 Tree plantation costs
The plantation cost has been included in the bill of quantity (BOQ) under the non-civil
contracts and provided in section EMP BoQ
A tree- planting strategy is being developed which will meet all compensatory tree planting
that will be cut during the improvement of the roads including private trees. The cost
provisions have been included in the EMP BOQ.
9 Maintenance of trees planted
The trees planted once will be maintained at least for a period of six years.
A programme of compensatory afforestation has been proposed, not only to replace the
trees, which are cut to accommodate road widening and improvements in geometric design,
but also to upgrade the condition of adjacent areas. Trees will be replanted at a rate of two
for each one removed depending upon the location.
Tree felling in other sites such as borrow areas – shall be accommodated by the contractor
in the borrow area management plan.
33
Camp - II
Crusher -I
Plant Site - I
Construction works
EMS 17: Identification of disposal site locations (To be filled by the contractor)
Name of Contractor:
Link No:
(Give chainages and nearest settlements from both ends)
Sl. Criteria on which information for each
Site 1 Site 2 Site 3 Site 4
No. site is to be collected
1 Existing Land use
2 Area covered (Sq. m)
3 Total Material that can be dumped within
the site (Cum)
4 Depth to which dumping is feasible (m)
5 Distance of nearest water course (m)
6 Nearest settlement (m)
7 Date/s of community consultation/s
8 Whether the community is agreeable to
siting of dumping site (Y/N)
9 Date of Permission from Village / Local
community
10 Proposed future use of the site
11 Selected Site (tick any one column only)
Signs, lights, barriers and other traffic control devices, as well as the riding surface of
diversion shall be maintained in a satisfactory condition till such time they are
required as directed by the SE. The temporary traveled way shall be kept free of dust
by frequent applications of water, if necessary.
Examples of some good practice in traffic control safety during construction
Figure : 2
51
Figure : 3
SIGN LAYOUT FOR LANE CLOSURE
(Drawn for Driving on Left)
52
Note:
Safety jackets and helmets should be provided to all the workers/ Engineers working
on the road.
Fixed mobile solid barricades must be placed between the workmen and traffic or
pedestrian and traffic.
All the safety signs should be according to IRC: 67 and IRC: SP: 55: 2001
53
x) Where the execution of the works requires single –lane operation on public road
the contractor will provide and maintain temporary traffic diversions subject to the
approval of the CSC.
xi) Where the execution of the works requires single-line operation on public road the
contractor will provide and maintain all necessary barriers, warning signs and traffic
control signals to the satisfaction of the CSC.
xii) Wherever traffic diversions, warning signs, traffic control signals and barriers are
required, the contractor will install them to the satisfaction of CSC prior to
commencing the work, in that area.
55
xiii) Contractor shall install asphalt plants and other machineries away from the
populated areas as per laid down regulations.
xiv) Permit for felling of trees will be obtained from the forest department before the
execution of any work.
xv) Trees and plants going to be uprooted will be duly compensated and maintained
up to 3 years.
xvi) Mist sprays should be provided at appropriate places for preventing dust
pollution during handling and stockpiling of stones and loose earth.
xvii) Overburden waste dumps shall be sprayed with water, as they are the major
source of air borne particulate matter.
xviii) Overburden waste dumps shall be reclaimed / afforested to bind the loose soil
and to prevent soil erosion. The frequency of sprinkling should be fixed as per the
seasonal requirement and in consultation with engineer.
xix) Regular water spraying on haulage roads during transportation of construction
materials by water sprinklers. The frequency of sprinkling should be fixed as per the
seasonal requirements in consultation with engineer.
xx) Transfer point for transporting construction material shall be provided with
appropriate hoods/ chutes to prevent dust emissions.
xxi) Dumping of construction material should be from an optimum height (preferably
not too high), So as to reduce the dust blow.
xxii) Innovative approaches of using improved machinery designs, with in-built
mechanism to operator’s cabin.
xxiii) Procurement of drillers, loaders, dumpers and other equipment with noise proof
system in operator’s cabin.
xxiv) Confining the equipment with heavy noise emissions in soundproof cabins, so
that noise is not transmitted to other areas.
xxv) Regular and proper maintenance of noise generating machinery including the
transport vehicles to maintain noise levels.
xxvi) Provisions should be made for noise absorbing pads at foundations of vibrating
equipments to reduce noise emissions.
QUARRY OPERATIONS
The Contractor shall obtain materials from quarries only after the consent of the Forest
Department or other concerned authorities and in consultation with the Engineer. The quarry
operations shall be undertaken within the purview of the rules and regulations in force.
During construction silt fencing (consists of geo-textile with extremely small size
supported by wire-mish mounted on a panel made up angle frame) could be used
along the road at all canals and rivers to prevent sediments from the construction
site to enter into the watercourses.
(xi) The execution of suitable arrangements for ensuring safety and absence of
risks to health in connection with the use, handling, storage, transport and
disposal of articles and substances,
(xii) The provision of lighting, including standby facilities in the event of failure that,
in the opinion of the Engineer, is adequate to ensure the safe execution of
any works that are to be carried out at right.
(xiii) The provision of protective clothing and safety equipment, with such
personnel and equipment and such information, instruction, training and
supervision as the necessary to ensure the health and safety at work of all
persons employed on or entering on the site in connection with the works,
including the Engineer’s supervisory staff, all in accordance with the laws.
(xiv) Near towns, villages and all frequented places, trenches and foundation pits
shall be securely fenced provided with proper caution signs and marked with
lights at night to avoid accidents. Contractor shall take adequate protective
measures to see that the excavation operations do no affect or damage
adjoining structures.
(xv) The Contractor shall not use or generate any materials in the works, which
are hazardous to the health of persons, animals or vegetation. Where it is
necessary to use some substances, which can cause injury to the health or
workers, the Contractor shall provide protective clothing or appliances to his
workers.
(xvi) The Contractor will take all measures necessary to safeguard the health;
safety and welfare of all persons entitled to be on site and will ensure that
works are carried out in a safe and efficient manner.
(xvii) The Contractor will provide, and ensure the utilization of appropriate safety
equipment for all workmen and staff employed directly or indirectly by the
57
Contractor. Such safety equipment will include but not be limited to the safety
harnesses, safety equipment for working over water, rescue equipment, fire
extinguishers and first-aid equipment. The personnel working at vulnerable
locations at site will wear safety helmets and strong footwear.
(xviii) The Contractor will provide an adequate number of latrines and other
arrangements at areas of the site where work is in progress and ensure that
they are regularly cleaned and maintained in a hygienic condition.
FIRST AID
(xix) The provision and maintenance of suitably equipped and staffed first aid
stations throughout the extent of the works to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
The Contractor shall allow in his prices and the responsible for the costs of all
such site welfare arrangements and requirements.
(xx) Injuries might occur during the construction period. It is therefore pertinent to
provide first aid facilities for all the construction workers. At construction
camps and at all workplaces first aid equipment and nursing staff must be
provided. Since many of the workplaces may be far away form regular
hospitals, an indoor health unit having one bed facility every 250 workers
needs to be provided.
(xxi) Adequate transport facilities for moving the injured persons to the nearest
hospital must also be provided in ready to move condition.
(xxii) The first-aid units apart form an adequate supply of sterilized dressing
material should contain other necessary appliances as per the factory rules.
MAINTENANCE
(xxiii) All buildings, rooms and equipment and the grounds surrounding them shall
be maintained in a clean and operable condition and be protected form
rubbish accumulation.
(xxiv) Each structure made available for occupancy shall be of sound construction,
shall assure adequate protection against weather, and shall include essential
facilities to permit maintenance in a clean and operable condition. Adequate
heating, lighting, ventilation or insulation when necessary to reduce excessive
heat shall provide for comfort and safety of occupants.
(xxv) Each structure made available for occupancy shall comply with the
requirements of the Uniform Building Code. This shall not apply to tent
campus.
58
The Contractor shall submit the following information to the Engineer for approval at least 7
working days before commencement of compaction
The values of maximum dry density and optimum moisture content obtained in
accordance with IS: 2720 (Part 7) or (Part 8), as the case may be, appropriate for
each of the fill materials he intends to use.
A graph of density plotted against content from which, each of the values in (i) above
of maximum dry density and optimum moisture content are determined.
The Dry density-moisture content – CBR relationships for light, intermediate and
heavy compactive efforts (light corresponding to IS: 2720 (Part-7), heavy
corresponding to IS: 2420 (Part-8) and intermediate in between the two) for each of
the fill material be intends to use in the sub-grade.
After identification of borrow areas based on guidelines. Contractor will fill reporting format
Annexure-III and submit the same for approval of the “Engineer”.
After receiving the approval Contractor will begin operations keeping in mind following;
1) Haulage of material to the areas of fill shall proceed only when sufficient spreading and
compaction plants is operating at the place of deposition.
59
4) The Contractor shall ensure that he does not adversely affect the stability of excavation
or fills by the methods of stockpiling materials, use of plants or siting of temporary
buildings or structures.
(ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in
stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not
steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal).
(iii) Borrowing of earth will be carried out up to a depth of 1.5m from the existing ground
level.
(iv) Borrowing of earth will not be done continuously through out the stretch.
(v) Ridges of not less than 8m widths will be left at intervals not exceeding 300m.
(vi) Small drains will be cut through the ridges, if necessary, to facilitate drainage.
(vii) The slope of the edges will be maintained not steeper then 1:4 (Vertical: Horizontal).
(ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in
stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not
steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal).
(iii) The depth of borrow pits will not be more than 30 cm after stripping the 15 cm topsoil
aside.
(ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in
stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not
steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal).
(iii) At location where private owners desire their fields to be leveled, the borrowing shall
be done to a depth of not more than 1.5m or up to the level of surrounding fields.
(ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in
stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not
steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal).
(iii) Borrow area near to any surface water body will be at least at a distance of 15m from
the toe of the bank or high flood level, whichever is maximum.
(ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in
stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not
steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal).
(iii) Borrow pit location will be located at least 0.75 km from villages and settlements. If
un-avoidable, the pit will not be dug for more then 30 cm and drains will be cut to
facilitate drainage.
(iv) Borrow pits located in such location will be re-developed immediately after borrowing
is completed. If spoils are dumped, that will be covered with a layers of stockpiled
topsoil in accordance with compliance requirements with respect MOEF/PPCB
guidelines.
(ii) A 15 cm topsoil will be stripped off from the borrow pit and this will be stored in
stockpiles in a designated area for height not exceeding 2m and side slopes not
steeper than 1:2 (Vertical: Horizontal).
(v) Ridges of not less than 8m widths should be left at intervals not exceeding 300m.
(vi) Small drains shall be cut through the ridges of facilitate drainage.
(vii) The depth of the pits shall be so regulated that there bottom does not cut an
imaginary line having a slope of 1 vertical to 4 horizontal projected from the edge of
the final section of bank, the maximum depth of any case being limited to 1.5m.
(viii) Also, no pit shall be dug within the offset width from the toe of the embankment
required as per the consideration of stability with a minimum width of 10m.
Sl. Chainage
Quarry No. Name of Quarries
No. (Km)
Road Side Moorum Borrow Pits on LHS is located
3 MII-1B-246 23+000
at a distance of 0.1 km from Project Road.
Road Side Moorum Borrow Pits on LHS is located
4 MII-1B-247 26+000
at a distance of 0.3 km from Project Road.
Re-development of Borrow Areas
The objective of the rehabilitation programme is to return the borrow pit sites to a safe and
secure area, which the general public should be able to safely enter and enjoy. Securing
borrow pits in a stable condition is fundamental requirement of the rehabilitation process.
This could be achieved by filling the borrow pit approximately to the road level.
Re-development plan will be prepared by the Contractor before the start of work inline with
the owner’s will and to the satisfaction of owner.
Borrow pits will be backfilled with rejected construction wastes (unserviceable materials)
compacted and will be given a turfing or vegetative cover on the surface. If this is not
possible, then excavation slope should be smoothened and depression is filled in such a
way that it looks more or less like the original ground surface.
Borrow areas might be used for aquaculture in case landowner wants such development.
In that case, such borrow area will be photographed after their post-use restoration and
Environment Expert of Supervision Consultant will certify the post-use redevelopment.
The Contractor will keep record of photographs of various stages i.e. before using materials
form the location (pre-project), for the period borrowing activities (Construction Phase) and
after rehabilitation (post development), to ascertain the pre and post borrowing status of the
area.
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grading, mulching, seedling and other such permanent erosion, sedimentation and pollution
control measures, in accordance with the accepted schedule.
Temporary erosion is sometimes caused due to the Contractor’s negligence, carelessness
or failure to install permanent controls. Sedimentation and pollution control measures then
become necessary as a part of the work as scheduled or ordered by the Engineer, and these
shall be carried out at the Contractor’s own expense. Temporary erosion, sedimentation and
pollution control work required, which is not attributed to the Contractor’s negligence,
carelessness or failure to install permanent controls, will be performed as ordered by the
Engineer.
Temporary erosion, sedimentation and pollution control may include construction work
outside the right of way where such work is necessary as a result of road construction such
as borrow pit operations, service roads and equipment storage sites.
The temporary erosion, sedimentation and pollution control features installed by the
Contractor shall be maintained by him till these are needed, unless otherwise agreed by the
Engineer.
The Contractor will finalize the locations in consultation with CSC and KSHIP. The
Contractor shall establish a new quarry with the prior consent of the CSC only in cases when
The Contractor shall prepare a redevelopment plan for the quarry site and get approved by
the CSC.
The construction schedule and operation plans to be submitted to the CSC prior to
commencement of work shall contain a detailed work plan for procuring materials that
includes procurement, transportation and storage of quarry materials.
Option-A: Revegetating the quarry to merge with surrounding landscape: This is done
by conserving and reapplying the topsoil for the vegetative growth.
Option-B: Developing exhausted quarries as water bodies: The pit shall be reshaped
and developed into pond, for harvesting rainwater. This option shall only be considered
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where the location of quarry is at the lowest point, i.e. surrounding areas/ natural drainage
slopes towards it.
Construction stage:
Development of site:
To minimize the adverse impact during excavation of material following measures are need
to be undertaken
ii) At the stockpiling locations, the Contractor shall construct sediment barriers to
prevent the erosion of excavated material due to runoff
iii) Construction of offices, laboratory, workshop and rest places shall be done in the
up-wind of the plant to minimize the adverse impact due to dust and noise.
iv) The access road to the plant shall be constructed taking into consideration
location of units and also slope of the ground to regulate the vehicle movement
within the plant.
v) In case of storage of blasting materials, all precautions shall be taken as per The
Explosive Rules, 1983.
ii) During excavation, slopes shall be flatter than 20 degrees to prevent their sliding.
In cases where quarry strata are good and where chances of sliding are less this
restriction can be ignored.
iii) In case of blasting, procedure and safety measures shall be taken as per The
Explosive Rules, 1983.
iv) The Contractor shall ensure that all workers related safety measures shall be
done as per guidelines for workers and Safety attached as Annexure-8
Topsoil will be excavated and preserved during transportation of the materials measures
shall be taken to minimize the generation of dust and prevent accidents.
The PIU and the CSC shall review the quarry site for the management measures during
quarry operation, including the compliance to pollution norms.
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The Contractor shall restore all haul roads constructed for transporting the material from the
quarries to construction site to their original state.
The PIU and the CSC shall be entrusted the responsibility of reviewing the quarry site for the
progress of implementation of Redevelopment plan. These shall include the following two
cases;
In the first case, the Contractor shall be responsible for the Redevelopment plan prior to
completion after five years, during the defect liability period. The CSC and PIU shall be
responsible for reviewing this case of redevelopment prior to the issuing the defect liability
certificate.
In the second case, the redevelopment of exhaust quarry shall be the responsibility of
the agency providing the permit to ensure the implementation of Redevelopment Plan.
POLICY GUIDELINES FOR CONTROL OF LOCATION, INSTALLATION, WORKING OF
STONE CRUSHERS AND THEIR REGISTRATION IN THE STATE OF KARNATAKA
Taking into consideration the overriding principle of protection of ecology and environment,
to ensure that not a single stone crushing unit in the state causes any pollution of any type
and in consonance with the River/Stream Bed Mining Policy Guidelines for the state of
Karnataka, the State Government hereby makes following Policy Guidelines for control of
location, installation, workings of stone crushers and their registration thereof.
Mining lease mandatory for running a stone crusher
1.1 In order to ensure legal and regular supply of minor minerals, every owner of stone
crusher, shall have a valid mining lease for this purpose.
1.2 In respect of River/Stream Bed Mining leases over larger area of ten hectare or above
shall be given priority for setting up of stone crushers.
For Hill Slope mining, lease area shall depend upon the size of crusher, availability of
mineral and annual requirement of mineral in relation to scientific mining.
The period of lease shall be determined, based on reserves calculated and annual
requirement as per the proposals given in the Working-Cum- Environmental Management
Plan, which every leaseholder shall have to prepare.
Provisional Registration of stone crusher
No person shall install or run any stone crusher in any area within the State of Karnataka
unless he obtains a provisional registration from the Geological Wing, Department of
Industries.
Based on the documents submitted ‘Provisional Registration’ shall be issued by the
Geological Wing, Department of Industries that shall form base for obtaining pre-production
clearance from other Government Departments.
After provisional registration and joint inspection, the consent to Establish from the
Karnataka State Environment Protection & pollution control Board should be obtained. The
unit shall submit the Working-cum-Environment Management Plan before the issuance of
consent for operate (CFO) by the State Board.
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Karnataka State Electricity Board shall give electric connection to the crusher owner only
after obtaining Provisional Registration from the Geological wing.
Already established stone crusher shall registered themselves within a period of 3months
from the date of issuance of these Policy Guidelines and for this registration they have to
produce consent issued by Karnataka State Environment Protection & Pollution control
Board.
Joint inspection of the areas applied for mining lease and for setting up of stone
crusher
a) Joint Inspection of crusher site.
The site for setting up the stone crusher shall be appraised and approved by a joint
Inspection committee, consisting of the following members
1. Sub- Divisional Officer (Civil) concerned Chairman.
2. Divisional Forest Officer or his representative Member
3. Representative of the State Environment protection and Pollution control Board.
Member.
4. Executive Engineer, PWD or his representative Member
5. Executive Engineer, I&PH or his representative Member
6. Representative of the Department of Tourism Member
7. Representative of KPTCL- Local SDO (E) Member
8. Geologist or Mining officer Member Secretary
b) Joint inspection shall be conducted at least by four member viz. Chairman,
representative of Karnataka State Environment protection & pollution control Board,
DCF or his representative and Geologist/ Mining Officer on a prescribed Checklist.
Other members may issue separate NOC’s as per the check list.
Joint Inspection of the area applied for mining lease.
a) The area applied for lease shall be inspected by a committee consisting of the
following members
Sub- Divisional Officer (Civil) concerned Chairman.
Assistant Conservator of Forest/Range officer Member
Representative of the State Environment protection and Pollution control Board.
Member.
Executive Engineer, PWD or his representative Member
Executive Engineer, I & PH or his representative Member
Representative of the Dep’t. of Tourism Member
Mining officer Member Secretary
c) In case the Geological Wing, Department of Industries is of the opinion that it is not
expedient to grant a permanent registration taking into consideration the various
factors as per the recommendations of the Joint Inspection Committee, Geological
Wing, Department of Industries may after giving an opportunity of being heard and
for reasons to be recorded in writing and communicated to the applicant, refuse to
grant the permanent registration.
d) In case of renewal of the registration, the owner of the stone crusher shall apply for
the renewal at least six month’s before the expiry of the registration.
e) In case, the application for renewal submitted is not disposed off before the expiry of
the period of registration, it shall be deemed to have been extended by a further
period till the Geological Wing,
f) Department of Industries passes order thereon.
2. Other conditions for running of stone Crushers.
a) The owner of the stone crusher shall observe the provision of;
i) The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and rules framed there
under.
ii) The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1974 and rules framed there
under.
iii) The Environment (Protection) 1986 and rules framed there under.
iv) The Noise Pollution (Regulation and control) rules 2000.
b) No consent for expansion to a crusher shall be given by pollution control board and
no electric connection by KPTCL without prior approval of Geological Wing,
Department of Industries.
c) Every stone crusher owner shall ensure that the crusher operates within emission
standards stipulated by KSPCB.
d) Every stone crusher owner shall adopt pollution control measures.
e) The Geological wing, Department of Industries may impose any such further
conditions as it may deem fit for the protection of Environment and Ecology.
f) The crusher owner shall submit a return by 10th of every month, giving details of total
quantity of minerals crushed, electricity consumed, power generated in case of
captive power generated run crusher, fuel consumption in case of diesel run crusher,
number of labour employed and wages paid etc.,
g) The crusher owner shall allow the inspecting staff, access to the crusher and
produce all records relating to operation of the crusher and verification of source of
legal supply of minor minerals and stocks.
iv) No mining shall be allowed where danger to site of culture, religions, historical,
archeological or scenic importance is likely.
v) No mining shall be allowed near habitation, where it is likely to cause noise and
vibration problems, due to blasting or operation of machinery.
vi) No mining shall be allowed where proper disposal of mine waste cannot be arranged.
vii) Conditions shall be imposed that the leaseholder will take adequate steps to control
and check soil erosion, debris flow etc., by raising various engineering structure.
II. Geological and Geomorphologic considerations:
i) No mining shall be allowed where the slope angles are more than 45 degree from
horizontal and in case of mid slope mining, the foot wall should be of hard strata.
ii) No mining lease shall be granted where the ore to overburden ratio is not economical
i.e. 1:0.2 that is the waste generation should not be more than 20%
iii) Proper appraisal of the deposit for its qualitative and quantitative assessment shall
be made in the form of Geological and topographical plans.
III. Technical consideration:
i) The area should not be highly jointed, fractured on consisting of weak planes.
ii) Relation of slope angle to angle of repose should be within mining parameters where 6x6
m benches by keeping overall angle of repose as 45degree can be made.
iii) No mining shall be allowed where subsidence of rocks is likely due to steep angle of
slope.
iv) No overhangs shall be allowed to be formed during the course of mining.
v) The gradient of approach roads shall be gentle with hill-ward slope, side drains and
parapet walls. Adequate number of waiting and crossing points shall be provided for safe
plying of vehicles.
vi) No blasting shall be resorted to without taking proper license under Explosive Act.
d) General conditions:
i) Mining site shall only be handed over to the leaseholder, after it is duly demarcated by
permanent boundary pillars and certified by concerned mining officer.
ii) Junction at take off point of approach road with main road shall be developed with proper
width and geometric required for safe movement of traffic by crusher owner at his own cost
in consultation with Executive Engineer, KPWD.
iii) No leaseholder shall store/ stack any material in the acquired width of PWD road without
the specific permission of the competent authority.
iv) In addition to above the mining operation shall be subjected to provisions of various Acts
and Rules in force.
v) Dumping of waste shall be done in earmarked places as per the working plans.
Truck or suitable containers will bring in all fuel and fluids. There will be no storage of
fuel, oil or fluids within 100M (or 50M) of the permanent water line.
Prior to re-fueling or maintenance, drip pans and containment pans will be placed
under the equipment. Absorbent blankets may also be required to be placed under
the equipment and hoses where there is a possibility of spillage to occur.
All used oils or fluids will be properly contained and transported to appropriately
licensed (authorized) disposal facilities;
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Following re-fueling and maintenance, the absorbent blankets (if any) and spill pans
will be picked up and the fuel truck or container moved outside of the 100m (or 50m)
wide area.
Should a spill occur, trough spillage or equipment failure, the applicable emergency spill
procedure outlined in sections A-2 to A-4 must follow.
In the case of a spill, overflow or release of fluid into the stream waterway (whether water is
flowing during the spill or not), do what is practical and safely possible to control the
situation, then get help.
o Shutdown equipment
o Plug hoses
Do not allow tiger torches, vehicles, smoking or other sources of ignition near
the area. Keep a fire extinguisher on hand but keep it a safe distance away
from the potential ignition source (if a fire starts, the extinguisher must be
easily accessible)
o Notify the site supervisor and the Contractor’s Environmental Officer as soon
as possible
o The Environmental Officer will review the situation and decide if Emergency
services like Fire Brigade are required
The Client
Emergency Services will be engaged for the containment, cleanup and disposal of
contamination release into the environment.
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Reporting
The Contractor’s Environmental Officer will document the event and submit repots to
the Engineer, the client and appropriate regulatory agencies like the Pollution Control
Board(s).
Procedure Review
The Engineer will review the report, determine if changes are required to procedures
and recommended implementation of all required changes …
In the case of a spill, overflow or release fluid onto land, do what is practical and safety
possible to control the situation and then get help.
Plug hoses
Do not allow tiger torches, vehicles, smoking or other sources of ignition near the
area. Keep a fire extinguisher on hand but keep it a safe distance away from the
potential ignition sources (if a fire starts the extinguisher must be easily accessible).
Notification
The Client
The Engineer’s Environmental officer will ensure that a proper cleanup and disposal
method is determined. Absorbent pads will soak up the spilled material. The pads will
be contained and removed from site for disposal at a licensed (authorized) facility.
Reporting
The Contractor’s Environmental Officer will document the event and submit reports to
the Engineer, the Client and appropriate regulatory agencies like the Pollution control
Board(s)
Procedure Review
The Engineer will review the report, determine if changes are required to procedures
and recommend implementation of all required changes.
If this is not possible the base camps should be located away from the settlements with the
following precautions
Base camp should be enclosed with boundary wall.
Movement of the workers should be registered during the nighttime.
There should not be any disturbance to the local community.
Operation of the plant and machinery should be restricted to 6 am to 10 am
Care should be taken while starting and moving the heavy vehicles, there is a
possibility that children of near settlement may be playing with machinery
parked outside the camps.
2. Facilities at workers camps
During the construction stage of the project, the construction contractor will construct and
maintain necessary (temporary) living accommodation and ancillary facilities for labour. It will
be ensured that all the temporary accommodation will be provided with uncontaminated
water for drinking, cooking and washing. Adequate washing and bathing places shall be
provided, and kept in clean and drained condition. Construction camps will be sited away
from vulnerable people and adequate health care will be provided for the work force.
General requirements include availability of:
Potable water supply in quantity and quality,
Requirement of power supply for heating as well as for cooking. Firewood shall
not be used for cooking and heating purposes. Contractor must provide LPG
gas / Kerosene for the construction camps.
Safe access road is required at camps
Waste (all kind of solid and liquid wastes) generated need to be disposed off
smoothly.
2.1 Sanitation Facilities:
Construction camps shall be provided with sanitary latrines and urinals. Closed drainage
systems and the proper treatment systems according to the local conditions should be
constructed for the proper flow and effective treatment. The sewage system built for the
camp will be operated properly to avoid health hazard, ground water and soil pollution.
Compost pits will be constructed for the disposal of the garbage and other biodegradable
wastes generated from the camps. Proper collection, transportation and disposal of the
wastes will be ensured.
3. Shelter at work place:
At such work places where the duration of the works will prevail for more than one month
some form of shelters will be provided for meals, resting, change of clothes and for keeping
the tools of the work and personal protective equipment. The height of shelter shall not less
than 3m from floor level to lowest part of the roof. Sheds shall be kept clean and the space
provided shall be on the basis of at least 1.0 Sq.m per head.
4. Canteen Facilities:
A cooked food canteen on a moderate scale shall be provided for the benefit of workers
wherever it is considered necessary. All the wastes generated from the canteen will be
treated / disposed of as detailed in the other sections of the waste disposal.
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No construction campsite areas also include settlement areas provided below. These are the
major settlements along the corridor. Campsites should be a minimum of 500m away from
settlements
Table: Major settlements along the project corridor
Name of village / Town Remarks
48A - Padubidri - Karkala
Padubidri Village
Padebettu Village
Nadsal Village
Palimar Village
Nandikur Village
Santhoor Village
Inna Village
Belman Village
Nandalike Village
Kedinje Village
Bola Village
Kallya Village
Nitte Village
Sanoor Village
Karkal (TMC) Town
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