1.

The Child's Dilemma

Stage of the Agent: Childhood
Case Description: A 10-year-old child witnesses a classmate stealing a toy from another student's
bag. The child is torn between telling the teacher about the theft and keeping quiet to avoid getting
involved or risking the thief's anger.
Justification: At this stage, the child is developing their understanding of right and wrong. Their
moral reasoning may be based on simple rules and authority figures. The child may feel a sense of
duty to report the theft to uphold fairness but may also fear consequences for themselves or the
thief. Guidance from trusted adults can help shape the child's moral development in this situation.

2. The Teenager's Decision

Stage of the Agent: Adolescence
Case Description: A 16-year-old teenager is offered drugs by a peer at a party. The teenager knows
that drug use is harmful but is tempted by the desire to fit in with the group and avoid social
rejection.
Justification: During adolescence, individuals begin to develop a more complex understanding of
morality, including considering the consequences of their actions and weighing social pressures
against personal values. The teenager in this case may grapple with peer influence, desire for
acceptance, and the need to make independent choices aligned with their beliefs. This stage presents
opportunities for moral growth through self-reflection and guidance from mentors.

3. The Adult's Ethical Dilemma

Stage of the Agent: Adulthood
Case Description: A 30-year-old professional discovers a colleague engaging in fraudulent behavior
to secure a promotion. The adult must decide whether to report the misconduct, risking professional
relationships and potential retaliation, or to remain silent to avoid conflict and protect their career.
Justification: In adulthood, individuals typically have a well-developed sense of morality shaped by
experiences, values, and social norms. They may prioritize principles such as honesty, integrity, and
justice in decision-making, while also considering practical concerns and personal consequences. This
stage often involves navigating complex ethical dilemmas where moral choices intersect with
professional responsibilities and interpersonal dynamics.

In each case, the moral agent faces unique challenges and considerations based on their stage of
development. Understanding the stages of moral development helps contextualize their decisions and
guide interventions to support ethical growth and decision-making.