Abdulrahman Motasem Alanani 20174911

Mobile computing Assignment 2

Q1. Describe the cellular network architecture.

 BTS connects subscribers using multiple antennas.
 BSC interfaces between BTSs and routes calls to the MSC.
 MSC coordinates the network and links to other networks like PSTN.

Q2. Describe breifly the cellular network generations.

 1G: Analog networks for voice calls.
 2G: Digital networks with improved voice quality and SMS.
 3G: Enhanced data services and multimedia support.
 4G: All-IP networks with high data rates and security.
 5G: Ultra-fast speeds, massive connectivity, and IoT/AI support.

Q3. What are the main cellular networks Geometries? Write a short notes
about each one of them.
 Hexagonal: Cells are typically represented as hexagons, but in reality, they
have irregular shapes.
 Circular: Cells are circular in shape and are used in some network designs.
 Sectorized: Cells are divided into sectors to improve capacity and coverage.
Grid: Cells are arranged in a grid pattern for efficient frequency reuse.

Q4. Write a short note about the cellular networks components.

Cellular Network Components:
o BTS, BSC, MSC, HLR, VLR, GMSC form the core network elements.
Q5. Write in steps the call setup process and call receive.
 User initiates call, BTS forwards to BSC, which connects to MSC for routing.
Abdulrahman Motasem Alanani 20174911
Mobile computing Assignment 2

 MSC establishes connection between subscribers for the call.

Q6. Menstion the main problems of cellular networks archeticture.

 Interference: Inter-cell and intra-cell interference due to the cellular
structure.
 Mobility handling: Managing handovers and mobility between cells. Radio
 resource scarcity: Allocating limited radio resources efficiently.
Q7. Write about the frequency reuse in cellular networks.
 Maximizes spectral efficiency by reusing frequencies in different cells.
 Cells are grouped into clusters with frequency reuse patterns to minimize
interference and increase network capacity.