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2022, Vol. 6, No. 9, 2700-2715
1
PhD Scholar , GITAM deemed to be University, Hyderabad.
2
Assistant Professor at GITAM deemed to be University, Hyderabad.
ABSTRACT
The scope of Artificial intelligence is expanding with today's technology. Organizations collaborate with
holistic functions rather than isolated processes. As a result, AI can build teachable systems that can both
evaluate content and take action. AI also make it easier for systems to pair and collaborate with one
another. This is an excellent starting point for new and exciting opportunities. The present study focused
on the adoption of AI and influencing factors in the effective implementation. The study has considered
the convenient sampling method for the collection of primary data from the employees, who have gone
through the training with the AI in the organization. The study has considered the Technology adoption
model to understand the usability i.e. perceived ease of use and intention to adopt the AI with the support
of statistical method of SEM. The study applied the machine learning statistical method of Neural
network to identify the influencing factors for the effective implementation of AI in the IT companies for
the training and development. The study result indicate that AI will make an employee adopt the AI and
learn the usage, which will help them to take new decisions and plan for projects and will enrich the
employee’s development.
Key words: AI, Training and development, Machine learning, Neural networks.
generation of workers. (Eric Premnath and understand large data sets for classroom
Arun Antony Chully (2019)) activities. The teaching and learning
environment has evolved unintendedly in the
Despite the fact that technology innovations educational system, explained Nitin Borge
have changed organizational Training and (2016) about artificial intelligence management
development over the last decade, (AI). New technology can help students more
Organizational leaders still face several common efficiently achieve and maintain their
issues, one of which is the absence of educational goals. With AI, each student in a
individualized learning. When it comes to urgent class that is either a bad student or is too lazy to
skills training or staff training programs as a understand the subjects the teacher has discussed
whole, L&D experts are often accused of will be better examined. The analysis would
providing generic and non-customized learning provide a good understanding of each subject by
The time factor connected with content the student. If a pupil lags or cannot grasp
generation is one element that may be blamed certain topics in certain fields, this report will be
for this. Second, the majority of LMSs on the presented to Professors, Tutors or Parents by the
market have a complex user interface, making it AI review to allow appropriate measures to be
difficult for employees to browse and adapt in taken. The AI study can also propose topics for
the long term. As a consequence of the difficulty students with simple examples or in a way that is
in looking for and discovering appropriate easily understood to develop their skills in the
learning information, the User Experience field where they are not sure. In addition to
suffers. Richard D. Johnson, Hal G. Gueutal sparing resources, the author found that the
(2011),Sandeep Gandhi. (2017). ability of information systems to offer this
degree of perspective could provide the details
REVIEW OF LITERATURE that teachers might not have a real face value to
The review of literature collected various papers understand. Stefan (2017) explores the
and articles, which have focused on the usage of phenomenon of artificial intelligence
artificial intelligence on training and development and use in the field of higher
development for employees in organizations. education and learning. It examines new
technology's educational impact on how students
The artificial intelligence (AI) progress has been learn and how organizations train and develop.
made and continues to achieve long-term In a new environment where artificial
educational objectives. Beverly Park Wool intelligence is woven into university fabrics,
(2015). The article describes two educational recent technological advances as well as the
problems that require AI: customizing education growing pace at which emerging innovations in
and mastering skills from the 21st century. First, higher education are adopted are being
this paper discusses AI and some of its history examined. In implementing these teaching,
before arguing that AI is so important in the learning, student service and administration
development of educational systems. innovations and future directions, we identify
Instructional programmes which utilize AI several obstacles for higher educational
technologies, such as analytical resources to institutions and student learning. The digital
customize teaching, to improve student technology in education and related materials
experience and to support new educational were discussed by Maud Chassignol (2018).
theories, are listed. Moreover, several intelligent The aim of the present paper is to identify and
tutors offer academics new ways to study and learn about the potential impact of artificial
2703 Journal of Positive School Psychology
technology on the learning process. The current artificial intelligence framework. This paper
literature suggests that teaching approaches, discusses the consequences for business
technology assessment and student contact are awareness in B2B marketing of the different
all important. Artificial intelligence would building blocks and outlines the future directions
reshape the educational environment, according for studies. The paper describes AI by the input-
to the conclusions. process-output prism and describes the six basic
building blocks of every AI system. The
The objective of this research is to create an interaction of components transforms data into
innovative and accessible platform for adults to facts and understanding is discussed even. In
help scientist and researchers develop their own this article, the phenomenon of artificial
self-deployment or do-it-yourself DIY by means intelligence, the way it works and how it relates
of the virtual reality learning system. By the year to the knowledge marketing in B2bo companies
2030, it was most likely that self-exploration are discussed, aimed at general marketing
was only possible for extremely valuable usage leaders rather than IP experts. The paper focuses
cases, which affected the value proposition on the examples of how B2B marketing
against the provision of educational service, functions can be affected by IA.
improved stakeholder and value focused
proposals fostered through constant contacts In the teaching of increased reality courses,
with the Heutagogical strategy and stakeholders. Alexandra Klimova (2020) has conducted an
Silvia Pokrivcakova (2019) focuses on the use examination of the present trend. The objective
in foreign language learning and teaching of of the study is to assess students, scientists and
artificial intelligence (AI) that covers a variety policy makers to inform them on learning
of tools and approaches such as computer strategies, objectives, expertise and skills in the
learning, adaptive learning, natural language area of enhanced reality. Due to the rapid growth
processing, data analysis, crowd-sourcing, of Augmented Reality technology and the
neural networking and an algorithm. Firstly, the growing scope of its implementations, highly
paper deals with the development of foreign trained professionals in this industry are in
language education resulting from the use of IA- strong demand. Xieling Chen (2020) has been
powered technologies and addresses ICALL, as investigating influential AIED studies in an
a subset of CALL. Second, it sums up eight exhaustified and systematic way. The author has
forms of foreign language training IA-powered examined 45 publications, most commonly used
resources and limited relevant findings of the terms and theories and innovations, in terms of
current study. Thirdly, the framework for annual circulation, top papers, organizations,
effective teacher training in foreign languages is countries/regions. We compare and explain the
addressed, in order to make AI's resources more relationship between AIED, mining of
simple, time consuming and successful in their information, computer-based education, and
teaching. The author calls for the current teaching analytics in general and narrow
qualification framework for CALL teachers to definitions of ITED. The findings indicate that
be rethought. Paschal Jeannette (2019) Clarify AIED research has a greater interest in and
the technical phenomenon known as artificial impact; little has been done to incorporate deep
intelligence and how can it assist with business- learning technologies into educational contexts;
to-business knowledge-based marketing? In traditional AI technology, like natural language
particular, this article examines the fundamental processing, is commonly used in education
building blocks and inter-relationships of each
K. Sucharita 2704
contexts, although advanced technologies are Therefore, it is evident based on the above
seldom used; and studies are lacking. review of literature no study attempted by
considering the Artificial Intelligence role in
The study found that AI, especially by Training and development of employees. Thus,
educational institutions, is widely used and the present study attempted to fill the research
widely adopted in education. In order to fulfil gap with the proposed title “Artificial
trainers' tasks and functions individually or in intelligence in training and development for
colliance with instructors, AI initiated employees with reference to select IT
computation and technology, went to web based companies”. In this study adoption of AI for
and online intelligent learning, and subsequently employee training and development and the
to the use of integrate computer systems in factors which are influencing the AI
conjunction with other technologies. Through implementation in training and development.
the use of such platforms, educators have been
able to perform a variety of administrative tasks RESEARCH QUESTIONS
with greater precision and reliability, for Based on the research gap the following research
example, updating, evaluating and improving questions are framed
their teaching skills. 1. Will the employees adopt the Artificial
RESEARCH GAP Intelligence for the training and
development?
The present study based on the above review of 2. Does factors effecting the employee
literature it is clear that Artificial Intelligence training and development in implementing
plays the vital role in every area including the AI?
training and development. Many academicians
and scholars have done extensive research in this
aspect and few of them are in the following OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
directions. 1. To understand the adopting of AI
among the Employee for T& D of
• Few studies have discussed on the usage
select IT companies
of AI to test emerging design
2. To know the factors effecting the
approaches and techniques that can be
employee training and development in
used to advance AI research, education,
implementing the AI by using the
strategy, and practice in order to better
Neural Networking
the human condition.
• The study focuses on the AI in RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
management, teaching, and learning
Based on a narrative structure for The study has adopted the descriptive oriented
evaluating AI defined from preliminary research to examine the AI role in the training
research. and development of employees by the HR
• Papers discusses studies on the usage of department in IT companies. The study has
AI to test emerging design approaches considered the IT companies located in
and techniques that can be used to Hyderabad region, which are effectively
advance AI research, education, implementing for their employees training and
strategy, and practice in order to better development.
the human condition
Parameters Support
2705 Journal of Positive School Psychology
Research Framework
K. Sucharita 2706
HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY which the first available primary data source
used without any additional study criteria.
1st Hypothesis
Sample Units: The study has considered the
The study examines the influencing factors on respondents as those employees, who are under-
the employees training and development with gone the training and development with the AI
the implementation of Artificial intelligence. technology in recent past at their working place.
The study has considered the following factors, The study has considered the Deloitte and
which were found to be influencing the Amazon India organizations. These two
effective implementation of AI in the organizations are extensively utilizing the AI at
organizations (Bossam various stages under the human resources
management, such as, employees’ selection
H0: There is no significant difference between
process under the recruitment to training and
the factors influencing on the employees training
development for the intake employees.
and development with the effective
implementation of AI Sample Size: The questionnaire was distributed
H1: There is a significant difference between the to 150 - 200 employees of Deloitte and Amazon.
factors influencing on the employees training
and development with the effective Questionnaire: The study has framed the
implementation of AI questionnaire relating to two objectives. The
responses were collected in likert scale
2nd Hypothesis structured 1 to 5 points.
The study has considered the TAM in adoption Data Reliability: The study applied the
of AI in training and development of employees Cronbach’s alpha for the primary data reliability
in the organizations. The study has considered for the questions. The calculated value observed
the parameters based on the TAM model and to be 0.863, which greater than base value of
examines the impact on the intention to adopt 0.7. Therefore, the study can consider the
AI. The study has considered the TAM model primary data for the analysis.
variables to examine the employee intention to
adopt the AI such as Perceived ease of use, Statistical Tools
Employee Perception, Perceived Innovativeness.
The statistical tools used in the study were using
H0: There is no significant Impact of TAM SPSS Statistics software. The study applied the
parameters on the Intention to Adopt AI following statistical methods for the examination
H1: There is a significant Impact of TAM of framed objectives:
parameters on the Intention to Adopt AI
Structure Equation Model: The Structural
Source of Data: The study has considered the Equation Model (SEM) is a very general
primary data for the examination of proposed statistical modelling technique that is widely
objectives. used in the behavioral sciences. It can be viewed
as regression or path analysis. The interest in
Sampling method: The study has taken primary SEM is frequently focused on theoretical
data using Convenience Sampling method. constructs, which are represented by latent
Convenience sampling is a sampling method in factors. The relationships between the
theoretical constructs are represented by
2707 Journal of Positive School Psychology
The study has considered one hidden layer in it with adoption of artificial intelligence to prioritize the
influencing factors with the effective implementation in the organization from the perspective employees.
Independent Variable Importance
Normalized
Importance Importance
Machine learning through AI customized learning .171 80.0%
programs
The table represents the adoption of Artificial the IT sector. The highest importance level is
Intelligence in the training and development in seemed to be in “short and fastest learning
2709 Journal of Positive School Psychology
programs” with 100% meaning that these procedures for dealing with complex systems.
learning programs will increase the decision The current study focuses on how Artificial
making capacity in the employees. The next Intelligence will improve Training and
importance level is “Real time feedback Development with specific reference to IT
available”, seemed that this feedback will be companies. In this study, the model attempts to
able to improve the Artificial Intelligence consider the model-estimated goodness of
adoption in the IT sector. “Machine learning fitness index first, followed by model
through AI customized learning programs” is consistency, indicating that the model is
having the importance level as 80.0% through significant. Finally, the hypothesized model
these programs by AI will be able to understand (SEM model) has been framed to test the
the employees easily. “Training cost is low” as estimated results, and the results are presented in
the importance level as 71.4% meaning that this detail below. The Goodness of Fit is implied by
will reduce the cost of the organization expenses the table below, which includes Fit statistics,
also. The factor “uses statistical analytics in Recommended and Obtained values, and the
addressing employee’s efficiency”, this factor result is explained below.
will improve the employees’ efficiency through
these AI adoption. The least factor which effects
the adoption of AI is “leads in time savings”
with 53.3%. Hence, by improving the short and
fastest teach employees training will be certainly
developed as well, organization and employees
will improve the efficiency Farah Zahidi
(2020)2. Therefore, null hypothesis has been
rejected and accepted the alternative hypothesis.
Thus, it signifies that influencing factors are
having the significant difference between them
in implementing AI.
Obtained
Fit statistic Recommended Value Value
Df 4
Goodness of fit index indicates with respect to and Relative fit index is 0.813. Goodness index
the fitness of hypothesized model. The result like Comparative Fit index (0.961) and Tucker
indicates usage of Artificial Intelligence in Lewis Index (0.900) are observe to be above the
training and development for employees in IT cut-off level. Root mean Square is 0.000, which
sector. GFI (Goodness Fit Index) is 0.985 and implies that significant of the model. Therefore,
Adjusted Goodness of fit Index is 0.992 that are goodness of fit index concludes that the model is
observed to be above the recommended level. satisfactory.
Normed fit Index seems to be greater than 0.741
Figure-1 SEM model with respect to identify the Artificial Intelligence in Training and
Development with reference to TAM
2711 Journal of Positive School Psychology
Note: There are two basic requirements for the scale (metric).The below table examines
identification of any kind of SEM Model: (1) regarding the Artificial Intelligence adoption in
there must be at least as many observations as the IT sector by improving the employees
free model parameters (df ≥ 0), and (2) every training and development.
unobserved (latent) variable must be assigned a
The table attempts to describe how the use of training and development in IT companies.
artificial intelligence will affect employee According to the research results, the use of AI
K. Sucharita 2712
has a significant positive impact on the Training & Development. It also reveals that AI
Technological Acceptance Model scales. In in training and development programmes will
which, with 0.760 units, the Employee increase employee innovativeness, and that
Perception appears to be highly influenced, understanding capability has increased with the
implying a favorable impact of employees on the help of Artificial Intelligence.
adoption of Artificial Intelligence in their
Table illustrated that, majority of the suggesting Use of AI product will enhance the
respondents agreed that with the use of AI they work performance of employee and it is more
are able to understand clear and easily, but few beneficial for cost reduction. Innovativeness is
of them are states that AI product difficult to another step will lead to enhance the Employee
use. It reveals that use of AI has shown productivity as well as Organizational
significant impact on their perception level Effectiveness. From the p-value, the study
towards the use of AI in their training and signifies that reject the Null hypothesis and
development program. The study also accept the Alternative Hypothesis.
2713 Journal of Positive School Psychology
Table indicates that, three measuring items/ 3. The study examined the factors, which
scales are seeming to be significantly positively are influencing for the adoption of AI in
impact on the Intention to adopt of Artificial the IT organizations. The study applied
Intelligence. In which, Employee Perception is the Neural network methodology and
found to be highly impact with 0.632, followed prioritized the factors, which reveals the
by Perceived innovativeness and Perceived Ease factor of “short and fast learning
of Use. The study suggests that implementing programs” (0.213). Thus, it stated that
the AI in training and Development program in AI would framed the content in less time
their organization will improve Employees in as per the requirement of the employees.
taking decision making, Quick work and 4. The study found that in training and
eagerness to complete the work faster. development for the employees’
implementation of AI has given greater
FINDINGS OF THE STUDY: results. It indicates that “Real time
Feedback available” (0.210). Therefore,
1. The study implies the Artificial it indicates that real time based feedback
intelligence usage through the training to each and every employee is possible
and development for the employees is without the support of AI.
through the Employee perception, they 5. The study observed that lower training
by giving their word of mouth or cost factor (0.152) plays the vital role in
through any feedback will impact the AI adopting the AI in the organizations,
to adopt in the IT sector. where large pool of workforce involved
2. The result witnessed the adoption of AI for the training and development.
in IT sector is mostly due to the usage of 6. The study indicates the Artificial
technology, as the new generations are Intelligence adopted through the training
habituated to adopting new and development for employees in IT
technologies. It will make an employee sector by the shortest and the fast
adopt the AI and learn the usage, which learning programs effectively, as these
will help them to take new decisions and programs will create the awareness for
plan for projects, which will enrich the the employees to know the AI and its
employees' development and enhance usage. The study also found that through
the adoption of AI. The study result the feedback that has given genuinely is
validated with the author Nitin Borge an added advantage for the improvement
(2016) findings that training on AI of the adoption of AI for the Employees
developed the skill set of employees that in the IT sector.
supported to meet the project timelines.
K. Sucharita 2714