Upper Respiratory Tract Infections

•
The
upper respiratory tract ( VRT ) includes the nasal

cavity ,
para nasal
sinus .
pharynx ,
epiglottis .

and
larynx .

•
Common URTI &
pathogens are :

Pharyngitis & Tonsillitis

and
•

Refers to the
inflammation of the
pharynx
tonsils .

the most
•

Pharyngitis is one
of common URTI .
 Etiologic Agents:
be Bacterial
·

Pharyngitis can

or viral

Bacterial
Agents:
his Streptococcus pyogenes
iii)
Corynebacterium diphtheriae
iii) B-hemolytic Streptococcus
in Arcanobacterium
hemolyticum
Neisseria
ive
gonorrhoeas
(vi)
Mycoplasma pneumoniac

Viral Agents:

ii)
Influenza and Parainfluenza viruses

(ii) Coronaviruses

virus
viii Epstein. Barr

ive Interoviruses (Coxasackie A virus, echoxiruses

iv) Adenoxious

(vi) Rhinoxious.

Respiratory viruses
for majority of
account

pharyngitis cases.
 Clinical
Manifestations :

( i,
Thorat Pain ( earliest )

(in Red & Swollen

Pharynx
( iii.
Enlarged &
Inflammed
Tonsil

exudate ( Bacterial
( in
Inflammatory in
infection )
(v ) Vesicles ( blisters ) ( in
Herpes )
ulceration
(
vis Mucosal .
or
enlarged nasopharyngeal
nodes (
swollen
lymph in
infectious mononucleosis )

e-
c
MedNotes [ www.mednotes.in ]
Full MedNotes : mednotesebooks.company.site
App Available on PlayStore