Electricity is the accumulated cluster of physical phenomena that has a relation with the

movement and presence of matter that possesses electrical charge properties. Additionally, it is
also defined as the flow of electrical charge or power. Electricity is produced when an atom loses
electrons thus causing the free movement of these particles which produces an electric current.
This is then harnessed and utilized for several different applications that greatly aids mankind.
Electricity is an essential part of nature, and it is one of the energies we mainly utilize in our
everyday life.

Furthermore, electricity has three principal quantities. These are the current, voltage, and
resistance. Current is defined as the flow of electricity across an object, e.g., a wire, and is
measured in amperes or amps (A). While voltage, also known as the potential difference or
electromotive force, is the driving force or electrical pressure behind the flow of the current and
is measured in volts (V). Lastly, resistance is the quality of a material that inhibits current flow
and is measured in ohm (Ω). In 1826, Georg Simon Ohm, a German physicist, discovered that
the potential difference between the ends of a metallic conductor has a significant constant ratio.
Through this discovery, he then devised a law that defines the relationship of the three said
quantities. This law is called the Ohm’s law and it is one of the most fundamental laws for
electrical theory. Ohm’s law states that the flow of current across a conductor is directly
proportional to the voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance of a material. This law
helped us comprehend the concept and flow of electricity, and how it operates in a clearer and
more systematic way by using the relationship between these three elements and deriving a
working mathematical formula of V = IR.

Electricity is the fundamental element of several, if not all, modern technologies we have
today. It has become a crucial part of our lives as we have progressed to a more technology-
driven world. In connection with this, Ohm’s law has also become a key component in different
fields as it helped us grasp the relationship between the three principal quantities of electricity
namely the voltage, current, and resistance. In this experiment, we will further investigate the
validity and importance of Ohm’s law.

This experiment has two parts. Each part will have to be carried out using the Multisim
software. The experiments involve measurement of voltage and current in a dc circuit and
verification of Ohm’s law.