Pulmonary Diseases

The Cambridge's definition of "disease" is: "illness of people,

animals, plants, etc., caused by infection or a failure of health
rather than by an accident"

Participants: Justo Manjon, Lucio Venier, Juan Filloy y Valentino

Paolucci.
COPD
COPD is a common, preventable and treatable chronic
lung disease that affects men and women around the
world, damage the bronchioles and prevent gas
exchange, this causes narrowing of the airways, and
could even rupture parts of the lung. This is caused by
exposure at tobacco, dust, fumes, chemicals, in too
much cases by the indoor air pollution. The symptoms
that have are principally the shortness of breath or
dyspnea, chronic cough, often with sputum and fatigue.
This disease do not has a cure so there are only ways to
reduce it, are stop smoking, exercise with more
regularity, get vaccinated. And for understand the
magnitude of the disease in 2019 it caused 3.23 million
deaths.
 Asthma
Asthma is a long-term condition.
The air passages in the lung become narrow, because of
inflamation and tightening of the muscles around them.
It causes cough, wheeze, shortness of breath and chest
tightness.
Is more found in people who had cases in the family or who
has other allergic conditions.
People can suffer sleep disturbance, tiredness during the day,
and poor concentration. If symptoms are severe, people with
asthma may need to receive emergency health care and they
may be admitted to hospital for treatment and monitoring.
Also can lead to death. Inhaled medications can control the
disease and enable people with asthma to enjoy a normal,
active life.
Asthma affected an estimated 262 million people in 2019 and
caused 455 000 deaths.
 Lung Cancer
Is a disease where cells start reproducing at an
anormal level in the lungs.
The symptoms are a lot of cough, cough blood,
breathless moments and more.
Smoking, passive smoking and constant exposure to
pollution are some of the causes of lung cancer.
It affects the lungs because the tumor doesn't leave
space for the lungs to expand fully therefore, each
breath is less efficent.
It can be diagnosted by several ways, including the
use of a spirometer or an x-ray of the chest.
It can be prevented by not smoking, regular aerobic
exercise and a good diet.
It can be treated with surgeries to reduce or take
out the tumor or Chemotherapy, inmunotherapy or
radiotherapy
 Pneumonia
Is an infection that occurs in the lungs that causes inflammation and
damage to the lung tissue.
Is caused by viruses and bacteria that reach our lungs. Between the
symptoms are malaise, lack of appetite, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
There are different ways of diagnosing this disease, for example blood
tests to look for signs of a bacterial infection or a chest X-ray to find the
infection in your lungs and how far it’s spread,between others.
The chosen treatment depends on several factors, like the severity of t
he microorganism that causes pneumonia.
Antibiotic treatment's purpose is to kill the bacteria or stop them from
multiplying.
Is treated with different types of antibiotics depending on the patient
situation.
The pneumococcal vaccine, the flu vaccine, stop smoking, reducing alcohol
consumption, ensuring adequate nutritional status, avoiding contact with
sick children and maintaining adequate oral hygiene, help prevent this
disease.
Thanks for watching!!