1)Basic principles pavement-A layered structure supported by the sub-grade soil to form the

carriageway of the road is called a road pavement or pavement of road.

Purpose of a Road Pavement

The main purpose is to carry heavy wheel loads of vehicular traffic.

To distribute the vehicular load over a large area of the underlying sub-grade soil.

Generally to provide a smooth road pavement surface.

Requirements of a Good Road Pavement

Generally road pavement should be suitable to all type of traffic.

They should be easy to construct and cheap in budget.

It should be durable and strong.

They should not develop corrugation.

*Types of Road Pavement

Flexible Pavement-The pavement which can change their shape to some extent without rupture
are known as flexible pavement.

(a) It is cheap and easy in construction

(b) Locally available material can be easily used for the construction of road pavement

(c) Require less supervision.

Rigid Pavement-The pavement which cannot change their shape without rupture are known as
rigid pavement.

In case of depression in subgrade Occurring to Settlement a rigid Pasement act as a beam or

cantile.

cement concrete pavement or White Surface Pavement.

*Component Parts of Pavement Structure.*

Subgrade-The finished and compacted surface of earthwork on which a road pavement rests is
called subgrade or formation.

Sub-base-A layer of granular material provided in between the subgrade and the base course in
a road pavement is known as a sub-base

Base course-A layer of boulders or bricks provided over the subbase or immediately over the
subgrade in the absence of sub-base in a road pavement is called base course or soling or
foundation course

Surface course or wearing course-The topmost layer of the road pavement directly exposed to
traffic is called wearing course or surfacing. It may consist of one or more layers in case of
flexible pavements.

*Factors affecting design and Performance of Flexible pavement*

1)Design wheel load-The thickness design of Pavement mainly depends on design wheel load

higher the wheel load, need thicker Pavement and other design factors Same.

2)Subgrade soil-The properties of Subgrade Soil Plays important role in de deciding the
thickness of pavement.

A subgrade with lowest stability requires thicker pavement to protect it From the traffic load,

3)Climatic Factor-Among the climatic Factors the rainfo - affects the moisture in subgrade and
Pavement layer.

a daily and Seasonal variation in temprefurre has important in design and Performance of
Flexible and rigid pavement