RESEARCH 1

“Farm Machinery, Types, Uses and Importance”

BASIC FARM MACHINES TYPES USE IMPORTANCE

TRACTOR Two-wheel tractor A commonly It is a very
used farm important farm
Tracked tractor/ machinery. vehicle. It is a
Caterpillar tractor Used for must need in
pushing farm whether the
agricultural farm is for
machinery, for commercial or
plowing, subsistence use.
tilling, disking,
harrowing,
planting, and
other similar
tasks.

SPRAYER Agricultural air- This farm It is another

craft sprayer equipment is important farm
commonly machine. It is
Blower-sprayer used for common for
spraying most farms to
insecticides, have these
pesticides, machines.
herbicides,
fertilizers, and
other products
that are meant
to be sprayed
on the farm or
plants. It can
also be used
for watering
the farm.
FIELD CULTIVATOR This machine These machines
is particularly are very helpful
meant for in farming today
cultivating the especially when
farm or it comes to
making the soil saving time
softer for because the
planting. It hardened soils
may also be are easily
used to get rids penetrated by the
 of weeds or to machine .
aerate the soil.
SHREDDERS AND These
CUTTERS machines are
meant for
shredding and
cutting
unwanted
vegetative
growth and
weeds.

COTTON HARVESTER Pickers Primarily used It is a must have

for harvesting especially when
Strippers but it is only you are running a
meant for cotton farm but
cotton not needed and
recommended for
other usage.

SEEDERS AND PLANTERS After the land An important

has been farm machine
cultivated , especially when
seeders and you own a large
planters are farm, with this
used for machine planting
sowing or the seeds and crops
seeds and over a wide area
planting of the is made easier.
crops. With
this machine a
grouping of
seeds or crops
can be planted
within a little
amount of
time.
WHEEL TRACTOR- Specifically Another
SCRAPPER designed for important farm
earth moving machine which
and can also be can heavily
used for improve the farm
weeding performance.
purposes in a
crop row of 1.5
width and
above. Weed
are easily cut
into pieces by
 the pointed
blade of the
scrapper and
are buried deep
in the soil
which later
decays and
gets attached
to the green
manure
available in the
soil.
PLOUGH Particularly One of the most
meant for basic farm
plowing the equipment
soil before the needed in the
seeds are farm.
sowed or crops
are planted.

BALER It is used to cut One of the most

hay and straw. generally used
It is also farm machinery.
capable of
raking and
binding bales
with twine for
easy
transportation
and storage.
MACHINERY USED FOR TYPE USE IMPORTANCE
SOIL CULTIVATION
CULTIVATOR It is a farm
implement that
is used for
stirring and
pulverizing the
soil before
planting in order
to eliminate
weeds and to
aerate and
loosen the soil.
CULTIPACKER A piece of
agricultural tool
that crushes dirt
clods, removes
air pockets, and
presses down
small stones
which form a
smooth, firm
seedbed.
PLOUGH Used for initial
cultivation of
soil in
preparation for
sowing seed.

ROTARY TILLER This is a tool Commonly known

used to convert as “rotavator”.
hard dirt and soil Rotary tillers are
into usable either self-
seedbed by propelled or drawn
churning the as an addition
earth until the behind a tractor.
ground is fine
enough for
planting.

STRIP-TILL This machine

combines the
soil drying and
warming
advantages of
conventional
tillage with the
addition of the
soil-protecting
 advantages of
no-till by
disturbing only
the portion of the
soil that contains
the seed row.

HARROWS Spike harrows Harrow are

equipment that
Drag harrows are used for
cultivating the
Disk harrows surface of the
soil . Its effect is
different from
that of the
plough. It is
often carried out
on fields to
follow the rough
end left by
plowing
operations. Its
main purpose is
to break lumps
of soil and to
provide a finer
finish that is
suitable for
seeding and
planting
operations.

MACHINERY USED FOR TYPE USE IMPORTANCE

PLANTING
SEED DRILL This is a device
used for placing
the seeds in a
continuous flow
in furrows at a
uniform rate and
at controlled
controlled depth
with or without
the arrangement
of covering them
with soil. This
ensures that the
seeds will be
distributed
evenly and due
to its accurate
seeding rate and
depth which
 ensures that
seeds are
perfectly covered
by soil, the seeds
are saved from
being eaten by
animals or being
dried up due to
exposure to the
sun.
BROADCAST SEEDER A broadcast
seeder or
spreader is a
tractor
implement
generally used
for spreading
seed, lime or
fertilizers.
SEED CUM FERILIZER Bullock drawn Seed drills are
DRILL fitted with
Tractor drawn fertilizer
dropping
attachment in
order to
distribute the
fertilizers
uniformly on the
ground.
MACHINERY USED FOR TYPE USE IMPORTANCE
FERTILIZING & PEST
CONTROL
MANURE SPREADER Tractor based It is an It has been
agricultural observed that
Ground based machine used to manure spreader
distribute of correct type
manure over a should be used to
field as a get higher yield in
fertilizer. A an agricultural
typical manure farm.
spreader consists
of a trailer
towed behind a
tractor with a
rotating
mechanism.
SLURRY TANK A trailer with a
tank and pump
which can be
used for
slurry(combinati
on of manure
and water) to
fertilize the
fields.

SPRAYER Backpacks with A sprayer is a

spray guns piece of tool that
applies
Self-propelled units herbicides,
pesticides, and
fertilizers to
agricultural
crops.

FARM MACHINERY TYPES TYPE USE IMPORTANCE

USED FOR IRRIGATION
IRRIGATION EQUIPMENT The primary It is one of the
purpose of most important
irrigation is to equipment in the
distribute water farm. Through
evenly irrigation
throughout the equipment farmers
farm. are able to secure
the required
moisture content
of soil for the
growth of seeds
and crops which
 leads to high yield
in most farms
compared to those
farms that depend
on rainfall alone.
FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM It is an active
fire protection
method
consisting of
water system
which provides
adequate
pressure and
flow rate to the
distribution
piping structure,
onto which fire
sprinklers are
connected.
CENTRE IRRIGATION Centre-pivot Compared to other
irrigation, also irrigation systems,
called water the center pivot is
wheel, is a one of the best
method of crop options for
irrigation in watering your crop
which equipment field effectively
rotates around and efficiently.
pivot and the
crops are
watered with
sprinklers.

HARVESTING AND TYPE USE IMPORTANCE

THRESHING EQUIPMENT
COMBINE HARVESTER It basically
combines the
tasks of
harvesting,
threshing, and
cleaning grain
crops.

SICKLE A hand-held
agricultural tool
normally used
for harvesting
grain crop or
cutting grass for
hay.
MOWER It is a machine
used to cut
herbage crop or
grasses. It can be
power operated ,
manual operated
or animal drawn.

REAPER A machine used

to cereal crops at
ground level.
These are either
power tiller
operated or
tractor operated.

CONVEYOR BELT It is a carrying

medium of a
belt conveyor.
Primarily used to
transport
materials easily
especially when
harvesting.

CROP HARVESTING A mechanical

MACHINE device which
harvests forage
crops cultivated
in upland or
paddy field. It is
used for
traveling,
reaping and a
baler part.

GRAIN HARVESTING A farm machine

MACHINE primarily used
for separating
grain crops from
their straw.

ROOT HARVESTING These are

MACHINE machines that
are used to
harvest root
crops easily.

THRESHERS A farm machine

for separating
wheat, peas,
soybeans, and
other small grain
crops from their
chaff and straw.

VEGETABLE HARVESTING A mechanized

MACHINE implement used
for harvesting
vegetables.