“Año de la unidad, la paz y el desarrollo”

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL MAYOR DE SAN MARCOS

Universidad del Perú. Decana de América
Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica

drugs
over the counter
Group: 7

Members:
Rivera Jimenez Marycyelo
Malave Perez Nicole
Ramirez Robinson Terrius
Huamani Malca Farid
Macetas Cordova Herson
Calderon Julca Jose Michael
 What are they? The most common medications are:
Analgesics such as paracetamol
Phenylephrine nasal decongestants
Medicines for cough or cold
Antacids such as magnesium hydroxide
Over-the-counter (OTC) medications are
those that can be purchased without a
prescription. These medications are
typically used to treat minor ailments and
common symptoms.
 Which are?
Analgesics and antipyretics: These medicines help relieve pain and reduce fever. Examples
include acetaminophen (paracetamol) and ibuprofen.

Antihistamines: Used to relieve allergy symptoms such as itching, sneezing, and watery
eyes. Examples include loratadine and cetirizine.

Nasal decongestants: These medicines relieve nasal congestion and blocked sinuses. They
can be in the form of nasal sprays or lozenges. Examples include pseudoephedrine and
phenylephrine.

Cough and cold medicines: Help relieve symptoms of the common cold, such as cough,
congestion, and runny nose. They may contain a combination of ingredients, such as
cough suppressants, decongestants, and pain relievers.

Antacids: Used to relieve heartburn, indigestion, and upset stomach. Examples include
medicines that contain aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, or sodium
bicarbonate.

It's important to note that while OTC medications are safe for most people when used as
directed, it's a good idea to read and follow the manufacturer's instructions, as well as
consult a pharmacist if you have any questions or are taking other medications.
 Damage caused by over-
the-counter medication

Allergic Reactions: Side effects may Misuse: Misuse of Risk in Sensitive Populations:
Some people may be include upset over-the-counter Some groups of people, such as
allergic to certain stomach, dizziness, medications, such as pregnant women, children, the
ingredients in over- drowsiness, among taking incorrect elderly, or those with chronic
the-counter medicines, others. doses or mixing illnesses, may be more
which can cause different products susceptible to adverse effects
severe allergic without medical from the use of over-the-
reactions. supervision, can counter medications.
cause harm or
aggravate
symptoms.
 Uses of Over the
Counter Medications
The use of these medications are varied, they can be:
Pain relief: OTC medications such as acetaminophene
Treatment of fever: Paracetamol and ibuprofen are also used to
reduce fever.
Allergy relief: Antihistamines, such as loratadine, are used to
relieve the symptoms of allergies
Treatment of coughs and colds: Cough suppressants and
expectorants, such as dextromethorphan are used to relieve a dry
cough.
 Appropriate use of over-the-counter
medicines
How to use OTC medicines safely.
Over-the-counter (OTC) medicines are drugs that you can buy without a prescription. They treat a variety of
minor conditions. Most OTC medicines are not as strong as the ones you get with a prescription. But that
doesn't mean they are risk-free. In fact, not using OTC medicines safely can lead to serious health
problems.
Here's what you need to know about OTC drugs.

1. The expiry date, where applicable (date after which the product should not be used).
2. Batch or lot code (manufacturer's information to help identify the product).
3. Name and address of the manufacturer, packer or distributor.
4. Net quantity of contents (how much of the product is in each package).
5. What to do if an overdose occurs.

Referencias
Dinulos JGH. Atopic dermatitis. In: Dinulos JGH, ed. Habif's Clinical Dermatology: A Color Guide in Diagnosis and Therapy. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021:chap 5.

Garza I, Robertson CE, Smith JH, Whealy MA. Headache and other craniofacial pain. In: Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, Newman NJ, eds. Bradley and Daroff's Neurology in Clinical
Practice. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2022:chap 102.

Mazer-Amirshahi M, Wilson MD. Drug therapy for the pediatric patient. In: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Rosen's Emergency Medicine: Concepts and Clinical Practice. 9th
ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018:chap 176.

Semrad CE. Approach to the patient with diarrhea and malabsorption. In: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Goldman-Cecil Medicine. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 131.
 The most purchased and consumed over-the-counter
drugs in the world
Over-the-counter drugs are those that do not need a prescription or prescription for purchase. They are produced, distributed, and dispensed for use by consumers on their own initiative.

According to statistical data, the number of over-the-counter specialties has increased in recent years, reaching approximately 6,000 products.

What characteristics do over-the-counter medicines have?

-Patients can use them for problems they can recognize themselves.
-The indicated doses, the interval between them and the days of treatment must be met.
-According to the regulatory agency, they must give information on their cases or on the prospectus.
-The intervention of a doctor is not necessary for its use
-safe and effective, but the advice of the pharmacist is.-No medicine is harmless.

Comparison in units of the 12 most dispensed products

From the graph we can infer the increase in the

dispensation in units in most products in the first
four months of 2022, in some cases very marked.
Three products decreased and they are ibuprofen, 0.5
units

aspirin and 0.100 aspirin, all from the Bayer

laboratory. The product containing the association of
paracetamol with diclofenac considerably increased
the units dispensed (+20.91%). It was launched on the
market in mid-2018 and climbed to occupy the first
sales position in units in the first quarter of 2022.

Most of the specialties included in this ranking have

paracetamol, ibuprofen and aspirin as active
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