A Project Report

On

“Disease Prediction and Medicine

Recommendation”

Submitted to the

Savitribai Phule Pune University

In Partial fulfillment for the award of the Degree of

Bachelor of Technology
in
Information Technology
By

Omkar Bate [BITB50]

Harish Khope [BITB52]
Nitish Bijamwar
[BITB53] Sanskar Jangam
[BITA36]

Under the guidance

of Prof. Poonam
Dhamal Assistant
Professor,
Department Of Information Technology,
GHRIET, Pune.

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

G. H. RAISONI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institute affiliated to SPPU)
WAGHOLI , PUNE – 412207
SAVITRIBAI PHULE PUNE UNIVERSITY
2023-24
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project-based seminar report entitled “Disease Prediction and
Medicine recommendation” being submitted by Omkar Bate, Harish Khope, Nitish
Bijamwar and Sanskar Jangam is a record of bonafide work carried out by him/her under
the supervision and guidance of Prof. Poonam Dhamal in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for B. Tech (Information Technology Engineering) – 2020 course of Savitribai
Phule Pune University, Pune in the academic year 2023-2024.
Date:

Place: Wagholi, Pune.

Prof. Poonam Dhamal Dr. Shaikh Abdul Waheed Dr. Poonam Gupta
(Guide Name) (Project Coordinator) (HOD)

External Name & Sign Dr. R. D. Kharadkar

(Director)
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We here by wish to take this opportunity to express our gratitude to our Project Guide
Prof. Poonam Dhamal, Project Review Committee Members, Project coordinator Dr. Shaikh
Abdul Waheed and the Head of the Department Dr. Poonam Gupta for their consistent guidance
and motivation toward the completion of our project. We take great honor in presenting this
Project Report to our Director, Dr. R. D. Kharadkar.

We are very grateful to our teaching staff for guiding us all over the duration of the
degree. They were very helpful to us as and when we required their help. We are also very
grateful to the non-teaching staff for helping us in the laboratory in various ways.

We would also like to extend our gratitude to those friends whose knowledge and time
helped us in many ways.

Name Roll No Sign

Omkar Bate BITB50

Harish Khope BITB52

Nitish Bijamwar BITB53

Sanskar Jangam BITA36

 ABSTRACT
This project focuses on developing an integrated framework for disease prediction and
personalized medicine recommendation. Leveraging machine learning algorithms and
bioinformatics, the system analyzes diverse datasets, including patient health records and genetic
information, to predict diseases accurately. The framework prioritizes transparency through
explainable AI techniques, providing insights into the factors influencing predictions and
medication recommendations. By incorporating genetic insights, the system tailors medicine
recommendations to individual health profiles, optimizing treatment plans. Continuous learning
from real-world patient outcomes ensures the framework stays updated with evolving medical
knowledge. This approach has the potential to revolutionize healthcare by enabling early disease
detection and delivering personalized, effective treatment strategies, ultimately contributing to
more patient- centric healthcare practices.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter
Title Page No.
No.

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

ABSTRACT

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF TABLES

1 Introduction 1

2 Literature Survey 3

3 Hardware and Software Requirements 4

4 System Design 13

5 System Implementation Plan 21

6 Project Work 22

7 Achievements 27

8 Conclusion and Future Scope 31

9 Reference 33
 List of Figures

Figure
Title Page No.
No.

4.1 System Architecture of Disease Prediction 13

4.2 Entity Relationship Diagram 15
4.3 Use Case Diagram 16
4.4 Activity Diagram 17
4.5 Deployment Diagram 18
4.6 Class Diagram 19
4.7 Dataset Flow Diagram 20
6.1 Home Page 22
6.2 Registration page 23
6.3 Login Page 24
6.4 Patient profile view 24
6.5 List of Symptom 25
6.6 Arrange Appointment by Doctor 26
6.7 List Of Disease Diagnosed 26
7.1 Copyright Document Submitted 27
7.2 Copyright Diary Number Slip 28
7.3 Sponsorship Letter from Digiventry 29
7.4 IEEE Research Paper Submitted 30
 LIST OF TABLES

Table No. Title Page No.

2.1 Literature Survey 3

3.1 System Implementation Plan 12

5.1 Project Plan 21

 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Machine learning is programming computers to optimize a performance using example data

or past data. Machine learning is the study of computer systems that learn from data and
experience. Machine learning algorithm has two tracks: Training, Testing. Prediction of a
disease by using patient's symptoms and history machine learning technology is striving from
past decades. Machine Learning technology gives an immeasurable platform in the medical
field so that healthcare issues can be resolved efficiently.

1.2 Motivation
The motivation behind this project stems from the pressing need to address the shortcomings
in traditional healthcare systems, particularly in disease prediction and personalized medicine.
Current often lack the integration of advanced technologies and comprehensive data analysis,
resulting in delayed disease diagnoses and suboptimal treatment outcomes. By developing an
integrated framework that combines machine learning, bioinformatics, and medical data
analytics, this project seeks to bridge these gaps.

The overarching goal is to enhance the accuracy of disease prediction, enabling early
intervention and preventive measures. Additionally, the project aims to revolutionize treatment
strategies by providing personalized medicine recommendations based on individual genetic
profiles and other relevant health data. The potential impact on patient outcomes and healthcare
efficiency is substantial, as this approach has the power to optimize treatment plans, reduce
adverse effects, and ultimately contribute to a more patient-centric and proactive healthcare
paradigm. The motivation lies in leveraging technological advancements to transform
healthcare practices, improving overall health management and fostering a shift towards more
precise and personalized medical care.

1
1.3 Problem Definition

The existing healthcare landscape faces significant challenges in terms of timely disease
detection and the personalization of treatment plans. Conventional approaches often lack the
integration of cutting-edge technologies and comprehensive data analysis, leading to delayed
diagnoses and suboptimal treatment outcomes. Additionally, the one-size-fits-all model for
medication often results in inefficiencies, as individual genetic variations and health data are
not adequately considered.

This project seeks to address these challenges by formulating a robust problem definition. The
key issues include the need for improved disease prediction accuracy, leveraging machine
learning and bioinformatics to analyze diverse datasets effectively. The absence of
personalized medicine recommendations based on individual genetic profiles is another critical
problem, hindering the optimization of treatment plans. Overall, the project aims to create an
integrated framework that overcomes these challenges, offering a data-driven, personalized
approach to disease prediction and medicine recommendation for more effective and patient-
centric healthcare practices.

2
 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE SURVEY

Sr no Published Year Research Paper Name Description

[References]

1 January 2020 A survey of data mining This paper provides an extensive

techniques for disease literature review of data mining
detection and diagnosis. techniques used for disease
detection and diagnosis. It covers
various algorithms and methods
employed in different medical
domains to predict and identify
diseases accurately.
2 October 2021 Predictive data mining in This survey paper focuses on the
clinical medicine: A focus on application of predictive data
selected methods and mining techniques in clinical
applications. medicine. It discusses specific
algorithms and their practical
implementations for disease
prediction and personalized
medicine recommendation.
3 June 2021 A survey of wearable This recent survey paper focuses
technology in medicine. on the use of wearable
technology for disease prediction
and management. It examines the
potential of wearable devices and
sensors in monitoring health
parameters.
4 January 2018 A survey on deep learning in This paper reviews the use of
medical image analysis. deep learning approaches in
medical image analysis. It
discusses how deep learning
algorithms have been applied to
detect and diagnose diseases
from medical images and how
these techniques complement
traditional methods for disease
prediction.

Table 2.1 Literature Survey

3
 CHAPTER 3 HARDWARE AND
SOFTWARE REQUIREMENT
SPECIFICATIONS

INTRODUCTION

3.1 Project Scope

The scope of this project encompasses the development and implementation of an integrated
framework for disease prediction and personalized medicine recommendation. The primary focus
will be on leveraging advanced technologies, including machine learning algorithms and
bioinformatics tools, to analyze diverse datasets such as patient health records and genetic
information. The project will cover the entire pipeline from data collection and preprocessing to
the deployment of a predictive model. The framework will be designed to address specific
diseases, with an emphasis on chronic conditions where early detection and personalized
treatment are particularly crucial. The inclusion of explainable AI techniques will ensure
transparency in the decision-making process, providing insights into the factors influencing
disease predictions and medication recommendations.

3.2 Objective

The primary objective of this project is to develop and implement an integrated framework for
disease prediction and personalized medicine recommendation. Leveraging advanced
technologies such as machine learning, bioinformatics, and medical data analytics, the framework
aims to significantly enhance the accuracy of disease prediction by analyzing diverse datasets,
including patient health records and genetic information. The project seeks to provide
personalized medicine recommendations by tailoring treatment plans based on individual genetic
profiles and relevant health data, thus optimizing efficacy and minimizing adverse effects.
Transparency and explain ability are prioritized through the incorporation of explainable AI
techniques, fostering understanding and trust among healthcare providers and patients.
Continuous learning mechanisms will be established to allow the framework to adapt and evolve
based on real-world patient outcomes and the latest medical knowledge. Additionally, the project
will address specific chronic diseases initially, with an eye towards scalability, integration into
existing healthcare systems, and adherence to ethical and regulatory standards, ultimately
contributing to a patient-centric healthcare paradigm.

4
3.3 Assumption and Dependencies

Data Quality:
The success of the project assumes the availability of high-quality and comprehensive datasets,
including accurate patient health records and genetic information. Any limitations or inaccuracies
in the data may impact the performance of the disease prediction and medicine recommendation
model.

Collaboration with Healthcare Providers:

The success of the project depends on the collaboration and cooperation of healthcare providers
for access to patient records and medical expertise. Establishing strong partnerships is essential
for obtaining relevant data and validating the model's predictions with clinical insights.

Access to Advanced Technologies:

The project is dependent on access to state-of- the-art technologies, including machine learning
frameworks, bioinformatics tools, and computing resources. The availability and compatibility of
these technologies will impact the development and implementation of the integrated framework.

5
3.4 FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

3.4.1 System Features 1

The system comprises several integral modules designed to create a comprehensive framework
for disease prediction and personalized medicine recommendation. Firstly, the Data Collection
and Preprocessing module ensures the acquisition of diverse datasets, encompassing patient
health records and genetic information, followed by rigorous preprocessing to ensure data quality
and consistency. Leveraging advanced machine learning algorithms, the Machine Learning for
Disease Prediction module analyzes the preprocessed data to predict specific diseases accurately.
The Bioinformatics Integration module enriches the system by interpreting genetic information
through bioinformatics tools, identifying biomarkers crucial for individual health profiles.
Subsequently, the Personalized Medicine Recommendation module utilizes genetic insights and
patient-specific data to generate tailored medication recommendations, optimizing treatment
plans for individual patients. The incorporation of Explainable AI Techniques provides
transparency into the factors influencing disease predictions and medication recommendations,
fostering understanding. The Continuous Learning Mechanism allows the system to adapt based
on real-world patient outcomes and evolving medical knowledge, enhancing predictive
capabilities over time. Initially focusing on specific chronic diseases, the system is designed for
seamless Integration with Healthcare Systems, ensuring practicality and scalability. Compliance
with ethical standards, including data privacy regulations such as HIPAA, is paramount.
Additionally, a User Interface tailored for healthcare providers facilitates easy interaction,
interpretation, and utilization of predictions and recommendations generated by the system.
Together, these modules form a robust and user-centric framework for advancing disease
prediction and personalized medicine recommendations in healthcare.

6
3.4.2 System features 2

Predictive Analytics Dashboard:

Develops an intuitive and informative predictive analytics dashboard that provides a visual
representation of disease predictions and medication recommendations. This user-friendly
interface facilitates easy interpretation and decision-making for healthcare providers.

Alerts and Notifications:

Implements an alert and notification system within the framework to promptly notify healthcare
providers of critical updates, such as new patient data, revised predictions, or recommended
changes to treatment plans, ensuring timely and proactive healthcare interventions.

Interoperability with Electronic Health Records (EHR):

Ensures interoperability with Electronic Health Records (EHR) systems, allowing seamless
integration and exchange of information between the developed framework and existing
healthcare databases. This integration enhances the completeness and accessibility of patient
data.

Patient Engagement Module:

Incorporates a patient engagement module that provides individuals with insights into their
health predictions and personalized medication recommendations. This feature encourages
patient participation in their healthcare journey, fostering a collaborative approach between
patients and healthcare providers.

Risk Stratification:
Develops a risk stratification module that categorizes patients based on their predicted disease
risks, allowing healthcare providers to prioritize interventions for high-risk individuals and
allocate resources efficiently

7
Outcome Monitoring and Reporting:

Establishes a module for monitoring real-world patient outcomes and generating comprehensive
reports. This feature enables healthcare providers to assess the effectiveness of interventions,
track patient progress, and refine the predictive model based on observed outcomes.

Scalability and Extensibility:

Designs the framework with scalability and extensibility in mind, allowing for the addition of
new diseases, integration of updated medical knowledge, and accommodation of evolving
technologies, ensuring the long-term relevance and adaptability of the system.

Security and Privacy Measures:

Implements robust security and privacy measures to safeguard patient data, incorporating
encryption, access controls, and audit trails to ensure compliance with healthcare data protection
regulations and standards.

User Training and Support:

Provides comprehensive user training materials and support mechanisms to ensure healthcare
providers can effectively utilize the system. This includes training sessions, documentation, and
a responsive support system to address any queries or issues that may arise during system use.

3.5 EXTERNAL INTERFACE

REQUIREMENTS 3.5.1User Interface

The user interface features an intuitive dashboard summarizing disease predictions and
medication recommendations. It provides interactive tools for exploring patient data,
personalized medicine insights, and timely alerts. Patient engagement, risk stratification, and
outcome monitoring interfaces enhance user experience for proactive healthcare interventions.

3.5.2 Hardware Interfaces:

The system interfaces seamlessly with existing hardware infrastructure, requiring standard
computing devices such as servers, workstations, and storage systems.

8
3.5.3 Software Interfaces

 Operating System: Windows 10 or Linux.

 Backend Database: MySQL.
 Web Browser: Chrome, Firefox, or Safari.
 Programming Language: Python for backend development.
 Machine Learning Libraries: TensorFlow, Scikit-Learn.
 Web Framework: Django.

3.5.4 Communication interface

The system requires internet access for real-time data updates and information retrieval.

9
 3.6 NON-FUNCTIONAL REQUIREMENTS

3.6.1 Performance Requirements

 Response Time: The system should provide quick responses to user actions.
 Accuracy: Disease predictions and medicine recommendations should be accurate.
 Scalability: The system should handle an increasing number of users and data.

3.6.2 Safety Requirements

 Regular monitoring of the system to ensure proper functionality.

 Staff training for handling error cases and emergencies.
.

3.6.3 Security Requirement

 Secure access to patient data and medical information.
 User passwords stored in encrypted form.
 Access control with username and passwords.

3.6.4 Software Quality Attributes

 Availability: The system should be available for use during operational hours.
 Modifiability: The system should allow easy addition and deletion of data.
 Reliability: Information integrity and system availability should be maintained.
 Testability: New modules should be thoroughly tested for compatibility.
 Usability: The system should be user-friendly, requiring basic computer knowledge.

10
3.7 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS
3.7.1 Database Requirements

Relational Database Management System (RDBMS):

Utilizes a robust RDBMS, such as MySQL or PostgreSQL, to manage structured data efficiently
ensuring integrity and consistency in storing patient health records, genetic information, and
system metadata.

Scalability and Performance:

The database system should support scalability to accommodate the growing volume of
healthcare data. Ensures high performance for complex queries and data retrieval processes.

Data Encryption and Security:

Implements encryption protocols for data at rest and in transit to ensure the security and privacy
of sensitive healthcare information. Compliance with data protection standards such as HIPAA is
paramount.

ANALYSIS OF MODELS: SDLC MODEL TO BE APPLIED

Waterfall Model:

Suitability: The Waterfall model is well-suited for projects with well-defined and stable
requirements. It follows a linear and sequential approach, where each phase must be completed
before moving to the next. This model is appropriate when the project scope is clear, and changes
are expected to be minimal during development.

Iterative Model:

Suitability: The Iterative model is beneficial for projects where requirements are expected to
volve or change over time. It involves cyclic iterations of development and testing, allowing for
flexibility and adaptation as the project progresses. This model is suitable when there is a need
for continuous refinement and improvement based on feedback.

11
Agile Model:

Suitability: The Agile model is ideal for projects characterized by dynamic and evolving
requirements. It emphasizes collaboration, adaptability, and the delivery of incremental, working
software. Agile is well-suited for projects where frequent feedback from stakeholders is crucial
and allows for continuous improvement throughout the development process.

3.8 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

The System Implementation plan table shows the overall schedule of tasks compilation and
time duration required for each task.

Sr. No. Name/Title Start Date End Date

1 Preliminary Survey 25/07/2023 05/08/2023

2 Introduction and Problem 06/08/2023 19/08/2023

Statement

3 Literature Survey 20/08/2023 01/09/2023

4 Project Statement 01/09/2023 03/09/2023

5 Software Requirement 04/09/2023 practices

and Specifications. 06/09/2023

6 System Design 07/09/2023 17/09/2023

7 Partial Report Submission 17/09/2023 19/09/2023

8 Architecture Design 20/09/2023 24/09/2023

9 Implementation 25/09/2023 21/10/2023

10 Deployment 22/10/2023 30/10/2023

11 Testing 31/10/2023 08/11/2023

12 Paper Publish 15/11/2023

13 Report Submission 16/11/2023 24/11/2023

Table 3.1 System Implementation Plan

12
 CHAPTER 4 SYSTEM DESIGN

4.1 SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

Figure 4.1 : System Architecture of Disease

Prediction

13
4.2 Module

The system architecture comprises essential modules that collectively form a robust framework
for disease prediction and personalized medicine recommendation. The Data Ingestion Module is
responsible for collecting and preprocessing diverse datasets, ensuring data quality before
analysis. The Machine Learning Module employs advanced algorithms for accurate disease
predictions, while the Bioinformatics Integration Module enhances personalized medicine
recommendations through the interpretation of genetic information. The Explainable AI Module
ensures transparency in decision-making, and the Continuous Learning Module allows the
system to adapt based on real-world outcomes and evolving medical knowledge. The User
Interface Module provides a user-friendly platform for healthcare providers to interact with the
system, while the Predictive Analytics Dashboard Module offers a comprehensive visual
representation of predictions. Additionally, the Alerts and Notifications Module ensures timely
responses to critical updates, and the Patient Engagement Module promotes transparency and
active patient involvement in healthcare.

14
4.2 ENTITY RELATIONSHIP DIAGRAM

Figure 4.2:Entity Relationship Diagram

15
4.3 Use case Diagram.

Figure 4.3: Use case Diagram.

16
4.4 Activity Diagram

Figure 4.4: Activity Diagram

17
4.5 Deployment Diagram

Doctor and
Patient

Fi Figure 4.5: Deployment Diagram

g

18
4.6 Class Diagrams

Figure 4.6: Class Diagram

19
4.7 Dataset Flow Diagrams

Figure 4.7: Dataset Flow Diagram

20
 CHAPTER 5 SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

The System Implementation plan table shows the overall schedule of tasks compilation and
time duration required for each task.

Table5.1 Project Plan

21
 CHAPTER 6 PROJECT WORK

Project Plan

6.1 Modules

 Home
 Login
 Signup
 Registration

Fig 6.1. Home Page

22
Fig 6.2 Registration Page

23
 Fig 6.3. Login a page

Fig 6.4. Patient Profile View

24
 Fig 6.5. List of Symptom

Fig 16. Doctor Profile View

Fig 6.5. Doctor medicine recommendation

25
Fig 6.6. Arrange Appointment By Doctor

Fig 6.7 List of Disease Diagnosed

26
 CHAPTER 7 ACHIEVEMENTS

7.1 Copyright Application

Fig 7.1. Copyright document submitted.

27
Fig 7.2. Copyright Diary Number Slip

28
7.2 Sponsorship Letter

Fig 7.3. Sponsorship Letter from Digiventry Technology.

29
7.3 Submission Summery

Fig 7.4 IEEE Research paper submitted

30
 CHAPTER 8 CONCLUSION

8.1 CONCLUSION

In this work a disease prediction and medicine recommendation system has been developed using
various machine learning algorithms like Naïve Bayes, Decision Tree and Random Forest. The system
has been trained by mapping the various symptoms of the diseases in the dataset.
Disease prediction level (High, Average and Low) has also been analyzed based on the classify by the
different classifiers. Moreover, our doctors can suggest the suitable medicine according to the predicted
diseases. This system can also analyses the mix of medicine for the predicted disease. Therefore, after
analyzing these various combinations of recommended medicines new and effective medicines can have
developed under the observations of drug experts.

8.2 FUTURE SCOPE

The future trajectory of the disease prediction and personalized medicine recommendation project holds
significant potential for advancement and impact. As technological landscapes evolve, the project is
poised to integrate with wearable devices and IoT, enabling real-time health monitoring and enhancing
the precision of disease predictions. Continued progress in genomic research may lead to more
sophisticated genetic interpretation tools, refining personalized medicine recommendations and
identifying novel biomarkers. The adoption of blockchain technology could bolster data security and
privacy, addressing concerns around the confidentiality of sensitive healthcare information. Moreover,
there is the prospect of expanding the project's scope to cover a broader spectrum of diseases, fostering
collaborations with diverse healthcare stakeholders. As regulatory compliance and standardization gain
prominence, the project is likely to navigate a path towards international acceptance and integration into
varied healthcare environments. The incorporation of patient-centric features, coupled with
advancements in artificial intelligence, will be pivotal in shaping the project's future as it strives to
contribute to proactive, personalized, and efficient healthcare practices.

31
 APPENDIX A

In the appendix, a comprehensive breakdown of each module within the system architecture is provided
to offer detailed insights into the development and implementation of the disease prediction and
personalized medicine recommendation framework. This includes specifications for the Data Ingestion
Module, outlining data collection and preprocessing procedures. The Machine Learning Module is
detailed with information on algorithms, parameters, and performance evaluation metrics used for
disease prediction. The Bioinformatics Integration Module is elucidated, specifying the tools and
methods employed for genetic interpretation and biomarker identification. Additionally, the Patient
Engagement Module is outlined, describing features and strategies to promote active patient
participation. These appendices serve as crucial reference materials, offering in-depth documentation on
the intricacies of each system module and contributing to the successful development, understanding,
and maintenance of the integrated healthcare solution.

32
 CHAPTER 9 REFERENCE

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