THE

PERIOD
by TEAM 2
Are they in the same period?
1564-1616 449-1100

Thousand-year gap
To be, or not to be: that is the question.

Is this a dagger which I see before me?

To be, or not to be: that is the question.

Tō bēonne oþþe ne tõ bëonne: pæt is

þæt frægn.

Is this a dagger which I see before me?

Is þis seax, þe ic ætforan më sēo?

 THE

(449-1100)
HISTORY OF THE
RELIGION LAWS

ROMAN REMAINS

WRITTEN LANGAUGE GOVERNMENT

Fate of the britons
Hengest and Horsa
Anglo-saxons Heptarchy
 Most important event in the
History of Anglo-Saxons culture
Introduction of Christianity
Venerable bede
SOME KEY EVENTS IN THE OLD
ENGLISH PERIOD

Historical event 2 Historical event 4

Historical event 1 Historical event 3
ǣ
•
•
•
•
• In Old English pronunciation, vowel length played a significant role.

• The Old English vowel letters were a, æ, e, i, o, u, and y,

- representing both long and short sounds.

• The Old English long vowels has a macron and the short vowels does not
have any.
• Ex. gōd ‘good’ versus god ‘god.
Short Vowels:

æ: Pronounced like the "a" in the modern English word

"cat."
a: Similar to the "a" in the modern English word
"father."
e: Similar to the "e" in the modern English word "bed."
i: Similar to the "i" in the modern English word "bit."
o: Similar to the "o" in the modern English word "cot."
u: Similar to the "u" in the modern English word "put."
Long Vowels:

ǣ: Pronounced like the long "a" in the modern English word

"cake."
ā: Similar to the long "a" in the modern English word "father."
ē: Similar to the long "a" in the modern English word "cake."
ī: Similar to the long "ee" in the modern English word "feet."
ō: Similar to the long "o" in the modern English word "bone."
ū: Similar to the long "u" in the modern English word "mule."
• Consonant letters in Old English included b, c, d, f, g, h, k, l, m, n, p, r, s,
t, b (thorn), w, x, and z.

• The symbols b, d, k (rarely used), l, m, n, p, t, w (which had a much

different shape, namely, p), and x had the values these letters typically
represent in Modern English.
 You'll notice in the examples that some letters can represent multiple
sounds. There are specific rules governing when to change the sound of a
consonant

ex. •C is pronounced like 'ct' when before a front vowel are pronounced
'child', ', and 'chester. If comes before a back vowel (a, o, u) of a
consonant, pronounced “k” for example, creed, crepe

•F is pronounced the same as the modern English when at the start or

end of a word, or when it is beside an unvoiced consonant. However, it is
pronounced like [V] it it comes between two vowels. (heofan, seofan).
 • Mutation
- refers to a change in a vowel sound due to a sound in the
following syllable.

ex. mouse/mice, man/men, woman/women

• the most significant form of mutation in the history of English

was the i-mutation (also known as front mutation).

• Early in the history of English a rule called i-Mutation (or i-

Umlaut) existed that turned back vowels into front vowels when
an /i/ or /j/ followed in the next syllable.
• Anglo-Saxon writing, also known as the Insular hand,
differed significantly from modern writing.

• The Anglo-Saxons adopted this writing style from the Irish

• The following sample of that handwriting consists of the

first three lines of the epic Beowulf as an Anglo-Saxon
scribe might have the old english period (449–1100) 89
written it.
• Stress in Old English Words: In Old English, words with
more than one syllable were typically stressed on their
first syllable. This was a common feature in Germanic
languages.

• Old English had a simpler stress system compared to

Modern English, which has been influenced by
loanwords from non-Germanic languages.
 • Words with a single long vowel or diphthong often had
stress on the long vowel or diphthong itself.
Example: "ēare" (ear) - Stress on "ēa."

For words with short vowels, the stress usually fell on the first
syllable. Example: "hūs" (house) - Stress on "hū."

Compound words generally had stress on the first element.

Example: "sūnscīne" (sunshine) - Stress on "sūn."
GAME
• ē
• ē
• ō
•
• ī
•
•
• ī
• ā
•
•
•
• ā
• ō
• ǣ
• ē
•
•
• ǣ
• ī
• ī
•
• ī
•
•
• ē ē
• ū
•
•
• ē
•
ī
• ī
ē ā
 ӯ

• ӯ
ӯ

•
ū
ō ǣ
 ō ǣ ō

• ō

• ō
ō
• •
• •
• •
• •
ō
• •
• ē • ē
• •
ō
ī
ī
 ā

ī
ī
ī
 •

•
 ē
ē ū
ī ū

ū ē
ē ē
ī ē
ē ē ī
ī ī
 ā

ǣ ā ǣ ā
ǣ ā ӯ
• •

•
ē ē ē
•
 ā
ē ē

ǣ
ǣ
ō ō
ā ē ē ā
 •
•
•
• •

• •
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ī
ī ī
ī ǣ
ā
01 Old English Definition

02 Origins of Old English

03 The Book of Algeo

04 Pronouns Definition

05
Interrogative and Relative Pronouns
Definition

06 Seven Strong Classes