INTRODUCTION

 What is the education topic/issue - Who, where and what? Who are you looking at, age?

Where are you looking, and in which country? What are you looking at?

 Why is this topic an important issue of global concern? What if this issue was not explored,

what would this mean? What does this tell us about education in the age of globalisation?

 What is the main argument of this essay? Please write it in one clear sentence.
 Are you using any theoretical framework/s, concept/s, or idea/s to explain this argument?

What theories are you going to use? Remember to refer to some readings from this module.

Use proper citations.

 What examples/cases are you going to use to illustrate the theoretical arguments?
 How is your essay structured? Provide a clear overview and order of the essay. Mention all

the key points that you are discussing in one sentence.

BACKGROUND/ CONTEXT

 Detailed discussion on the background/context. Explain the issue in a particular

context/country.
 Why is this important in this context as well as in the global context? Why is this relevant for
education in the age of globalisation? Remember to refer to some readings from this
module. Use proper citations.
 Working definitions of key concepts and their relevance to the topic of this essay.
 So what? Why should be concerned about it?

MAIN ARGUMENT PARAGRAPH (use clear subheadings that indicate the point you are
discussing)

 Clearly explain in a sentence what you are going to be talking about for each point
 Describe what you are going to say, what are you trying to put forward/explore
 Give concrete evidence/ examples/cases that support your point.
 How might the theoretical framework/s, concept/s, or idea/s (that you have already

mentioned in the INTRODUCTION) help to explain this point? Remember to refer to some

readings from this module. Use proper citations.

 Critically analyse your point – for/positive view and against/alternative view. Why is your

argument still important?

  Demonstrate that your point is complex.
 So what?
 Linking sentence to your next point – Why do you need to write more?

Repeat for all points you will make

Closing paragraph

 Everything else you need to add to your argument

 Look at your essay in a wider context
 Mention the points there was no space for

CONCLUSION

 Reiterate all key points explored in a sentence

 DO NOT add in any more theories or new points!
 Why are the points you mention important for education in the age of globalisation?
 Wider context, so what now? Where do we go from here?

REFERENCE

• Include a reference list for all the work cited in the essay.

Reference list:
Crystal, D. (1997). English as a global language. Cambridge University Press.

Crystal, D. (2003). English as a global language. Cambridge University Press.

https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/ucl/reader.action?docID=1864716

Graddol, D. (2010). English next India: The future of english in India. British Council.

Hamid, M. O. (2009). Sociology of language learning: Social biographies and school english
achievement in rural Bangladesh (dissertation). St. Lucia, Qld.

Hamid, M. O., & Baldauf, R. B. (2014). Public-private domain distinction as an aspect of LPP
frameworks: A case study of Bangladesh. Language Problems and Language
Planning, 38(2), 192–210. https://doi.org/10.1075/lplp.38.2.05ham

Islam, S. M. A. (2015). LANGUAGE POLICY AND PRACTICE IN SECONDARY SCHOOL

CONTEXTS IN BANGLADESH: Challenges to the Implementation of Language-in-
Education Policy. Aalborg Universitetsforlag. Ph.d.-serien for Det Humanistiske
Fakultet, Aalborg Universitet https://doi.org/10.5278/vbn.phd.hum.00006

Islam, M. N., & Hashim, A. (2019). Historical evolution of English in Bangladesh. Journal of
Language Teaching and Research, 10(2), 247. https://doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1002.05

Kachru, B. B. (1992). World englishes: Approaches, issues and resources. Language

Teaching, 25(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0261444800006583
Kumaravadivelu, B. (2006). Understanding language teaching: From method to postmethod.
Routledge.

Nunan, D. (2003). The Impact of English as a Global Language on Educational Policies and Practices
in the Asia-Pacific Region. TESOL Quarterly, 37(4), 589–613.
https://doi.org/10.2307/3588214
‌
Oxford Languages. (2023). Oxford Languages and Google - English. In Oxford Languages. Oxford
University Press. https://languages.oup.com/google-dictionary-en/

Pennycook, A. (2007). Global Englishes and Transcultural flows. Routledge.

Phillipson, R. (2003). English-only Europe?: Challenging language policy. Routledge.

Rahman, M. M. (2022). The changing role of English in Bangladesh. Training, Language and
Culture, 6(4), 20–30. https://doi.org/10.22363/2521-442x-2022-6-4-20-30

Rahman, M. M., Islam, M. S., Karim, A., Chowdhury, T. A., Rahman, M. M., Seraj, P. M. I., &
Singh, M. K. M. (2019). English language teaching in Bangladesh today: Issues,
outcomes and implications. Language Testing in Asia, 9(1).
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40468-019-0085-8
‌
Rahman, M. M., & Pandian, A. (2018). A Critical Investigation of English Language Teaching in
Bangladesh. English Today, 34(3), 43–49. https://doi.org/10.1017/s026607841700061x
‌
Rahman, T. (2010). A multilingual language-in-education policy for indigenous minorities in
Bangladesh: challenges and possibilities. Current Issues in Language Planning, 11(4),
341–359. https://doi.org/10.1080/14664208.2010.537816

Salomone, R. (2022). RISE OF ENGLISH: global politics and the power of language. Oxford Univ
Press Us. https://academic.oup.com/book/38789?login=true

Schwab, K. (2016). The Global Competitiveness Report 2016–2017. World Economic Forum.
https://www3.weforum.org/docs/GCR2016-2017/05FullReport/TheGlobalCompetitivenes
sReport2016-2017_FINAL.pdf.

Sultana, S. (2018). English Language in Bangladesh: Challenges and Prospects. Language in

India.http://www.languageinindia.com/march2018/shahinenglishbangladeshchallenges1.
pdf.

Bloomberg. (2001, August 13). The Great English Divide. Bloomberg.com.

https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2001-08-12/the-great-english-divide?
leadSource=uverify%20wall#xj4y7vzkg
‌
The World Bank Annual Report 2016. (2016). Www.worldbank.org.
https://thedocs.worldbank.org/en/doc/596391540568499043-0340022018/original/
worldbankannualreport2016

The World Bank. World Bank Open Data. (2021). https://data.worldbank.org/country/bangladesh