DEVELOPMENTAL MILESTONES 4 MONTHS

- disappearance of STEP Reflex

PERIOD OF INFANCY - head control complete
- bubbling sounds
A. PLAY
- solitary play 5 MONTHS
- non-interactive - turns from front to back
- priority is safety - handles rattle well
- age who appreciate teddy bears - moro reflex disappear by 4- 5 months
- Attitude: proper hygiene
6 MONTHS
B. FEAR - roll over
- stranger anxiety - reaches outs in anticipation of being
- begin at 6 – 7 months picked up
- peak at 8 months - handles bottle well
- diminish by 9 months - sits with support
- uses palmar grasp by 6 months
C. MILESTONES
7 MONTHS
NEONATE - transferring objects hand to hand
- largely reflexes - beginning fear of stranger (stranger
- complete head lag anxiety)
- hands fisted - likes objects that are good sized
- cry without tears (due to immature
lacrimal duct) 8 MONTHS
- visual fixation of human face - sits without support
- peak of stranger anxiety
1 MONTH - plantar reflex disappears
- midline vision
- looks at mobile objects 9 MONTHS
- creeps/ crawls
2 MONTHS - needs space for creeping
- social smile - combine two syllables, “Dada,
- baby “coos” Mama”
- closure of posterior fontanel by 2-3 - Priority: Safety
months
- head lag when pulled to a sitting 10 MONTHS
position - Pull self to stand
- Understand word “No”
3 MONTHS - Pincer grasp reflex
- laugh aloud - Respond to own name
- holds head and chest when in prone - Peak – a – boo
- follow object past midline - Stand with support
- grasp and tonic reflex are fading
11 MONTHS - Walk up and down stairs holding on
- Cruises (typically places both feet on one step
- Walks with support before advancing)
- Able to name body part
12 MONTHS - Speaks 7 – 20 words
- Stand alone
- Take first step 24 MONTHS
- Drink from a cup - Can open doors by turning doorknobs
- Learns Nursery rhymes - Unscrew lids
- Toys: Pots and pans, Push and Pull - Walk upstairs alone by still using
toy both feet on the same step at a time
TODDLER - Daytime bladder control
- Speak 50- 200 words
A. PLAY
- Parallel (2 toddlers playing 30 MONTHS
separately) - 3 year old do tooth brushing with
- Provide two similar toys (squawky little supervision
squeeze toy) - 2- 3 year old is the right time to bring
- Building blocks to the dentist
- Pounding Peg - Temporary teeth complete and last
- Pull trucks temporary teeth to appear is the
posterior molars
B. FEAR - 20 deciduous teeth by age 2 ½ years
- Separation Anxiety - Can make simple lines or stroke for
- Do not prolong goodbye, say goodbye crosses with a pencil
firmly - Can jump down from the stairs
- Knows full name
C. MILESTONES - Copy a circle
- Holds up fingers
15 months
- Plateau Stage 36 MONTHS
- Walks alone (delay in walking - Trusting three
maybe a sign of mental retardation) - Able to unbutton
- Puts small pellets into small bottle - Draw a cross
- Scribbles voluntarily with pencil - Learns how to share
- Holds a spoon well - Full name and sex
- Seat self on chair - Speak fluently
- Creep upstairs - Right time for bladder control (night
- Speaks 4- 6 words time control)
- Able to ride a tricycle
18 months - Speak 300 – 400 words
- Hide of possessiveness - Cues for toilet training
- Bowel control achieved a. Can stand, squat and walk alone
- No longer routes a spoon b. Can communicate toilet needs
- Run and jump in place c. Can maintain himself dry with
interval of 2 hours
D. CHARACTER TRAITS E. BEHAVIOR PROBLEMS
- Negativistic – likes to say NO (it is - Telling tall tales (over imagination)
their way to search independence) - Imaginary friends (Purpose: Release
- Limit questions and offer options their anxiety and tension)
- Temper tantrums (stomping feet and - Sibling rivalry (Jealously to a newly
screaming) delivered baby)
- Ignore the behavior - Bed wetting
- Rigid ritualistic: Stereotype - Baby talk
- Cause: Mastering - Fetal Position
- Protruded abdomen - Masturbation is a sign of boredom
-Cause: and should divert attention
- Under development of abdomen
- Unsteady guilt SCHOOL AGE
- Physiologic Anorexia ( give foods
that last a short period of time) A. PLAY
- Competitive Play
PRE-SCHOOL
B. FEAR
A. PLAY - School Phobia
- Associative Play, Cooperative Play - To prevent phobia orient child to
new environment
B. FEAR - Significant person is the teacher and
- Body mutilation or castration fear peer of the same sex
- Dark places and witches - Fear of death
- Thunder and lightning
C. SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENT
C. MILESTONES - Prone to bone fracture (green stick
fracture)
4 YEARS - Mature Vision
- Copy a square
- Lace shoes
- Know the 3 basic colors
- Vocabulary of 1500 words

5 YEARS
- Frustrating five
- Copy a triangle
- Imaginary playmates
- 2100 words

D. CHARACTER TRAITS
- Creative
- Imaginative
- Imitative
- Why and How