eee aa You won't have to lak far for such tral near your own ome, no matter where “Tres no beter wa, ny opinion to experience history tan ta roa the words tt those whe wont before as you retrace ‘hair sts by tke Luly, though, you won' have share all their experiences. Local tates and grocery stores, for txample, vl spare you from the kas of what Lis and Clark had We purchased fish and dogs ined and proceeded on” ‘The Lewis and Clark Tail Today ‘There are five ferent types of trans. cane can choose fam to follow the Levis an onda Nationa istri Tral today. Some parts of Lows ad re ates onthe formation int Clerk's overland route have been developed for awl Ore ve te tie headings, ond foot bieyl, horseback, boat, and automobile. main idees in your own words. ‘The Katy Tal State Parkin Missouri is open and biycle tava. «Porton oft val ove the Biteroxt Mon ue eae troopan erate ia ano a ake noes on this rile and Porton of Levis and is ater xt ce Cat aaa Reesou and Columba vers an te tite ‘and Clark's expedition. Then use the as bn rezoned by beet information fom your nots to make 9 + Mos pnw prensa en, je a eer ccs eee Novorl itor aby weil, Motor eee ee ee ee Mat on low eu Ne canes zs eco ae marked with 3s fetus La cos, brary resources uch 3 su Cine These rghvys connect e era ‘encyclopedias, and the Internet mmomorls, museums, vitor cones, ire tis, and histori sts along the a L caPREPARING Le War Party by LOUIS AMOUR IConnect to Your Life forthe Goal Think back to an occasion when fr someone you know, showed ral ination to get something done. What was the What obstacles were in the way? Were you or person involved successful? Background Party’ takes place in the mid-19th century. was time when the West atracted sng numbers of settles, mast of them by the promise of land, is more and mare settlers moved wes, they [pptinced confit with Native American [ommuniies. Many Native Americans actively fested the invasion of settlers. However, Wester Fores and monies have probably exaggerated the Jumbo of deaths resulting from attacks on fle. For example, thas been estimated that of Focus Your Reading ETI isonet Fiction) “War Party" is a work of historical fition—that i, fiction set inthe past. ‘War Party" i st in the West during the 19th century, when the United States was expanding its ferritory. As you read the story, look for detals that help create a sense of life in the 19th century EGE Prcvicrins | Using your own knowledge to guess what may happen nest is called predicting. While reading stories, good readers gather information and Sri tiat |} 10000 deaths that occured on the Oregon combine it with prior knowledge to predict sre [ip elbeween 1835 and 1255, ony 4 percent upcoming events. sara [fw the result of atacks by Natve Amecons. flneanens noreooox As you red “War ote. Noo the deaths ested rom accidents and Paty use the chart below to note deals from ssopentatat Jf Honsich diseases os colere and smallpox the tex, nowiedge you already have about the infrmation, and your predictions sbout what x Mourains [IR sono: ro xxow might happen inte toy. Compare your wm Petia reson predictions withthe actual evens. Yu may smeonte [PS dapmagiey ince {sh to change your predicons es you uncover non [ eeenrt enon new dues eis dO a oe I Paes ee ar youre ane turing ews Sermon 2 series of ,inaprebv walVv { vue a ona side ot west oe hecovld look down the tral he'd planned We iled the grave high with rocks because sithe cayotes, and we dug the grave deep, and some of ie I dug myself, and Mr. Sampson. ped, and some others Folks in the wagon train figured ma would tum back, but they hadn't known ma so long Thad. Once she set her mind to something she wasn’ about to quit. She was a young woman and pretty, but here was strength in het. She was a lone roman with rwo children, but she was of no Bind co urn back. She'd come through the Little Crow massacee in Minnesota and she knew what eeouble was. Yer it was like her that she put it up co me, “ud,” she said, when we were alone, “we can tum back, but we've nobody there who cares about us, and it’s of you and Jeanie that Pm thinking, IF we go west you will have to be the man of the house, and you'll have hard to make up for pa “Well go west,” I said. A boy those days took it for granted that he had work to do and the men couldn't doit all. No boy ever thought of himself as only twelve or thirteen for whatever he was, being anxious to prove himself a man, and take a man’s place and responsibilities,Ryerson and his wife were going back, She was a complaining woman and he was a man who was always ailing when there was work to be done. Four or five wagons were turing back, folks with thei tails berwixt their legs running for the shelter of towns where their ‘own litdeness woulda’ stand out so plain hen a body crossed the Mississippi and left the settlements behind, something happened to him. The world seemed co bust wide open, and suddenly the horizons spread out and a man wasn’t cramped any more. The pinched-up villages and the narrowness of towns, all that was gone. The horizons simply exploded and rolled back into enormous distance, with nothing around but prairie and sky Some folks couldn't stand it. They'd cringe into themselves and start hunting excuses 10 g0 back where chey came from. This was a big country needing big men and women to live in it, and there was no place our here for the frightened or che mean, The prairie and sky had a way of trimming folks down to size, or changing them to giants to whom nothing seemed impossible, Men who had eut a wide swath? back in the States found themselves nothing out here. They were folks who were used to doing a lot of talking who suddenly found that no one was listening any more, and things tha seemed mighty important back home, like family and money, they amounted to nothing alongside character and courage, There was John Sampson from our town, He was a man used to being told to do things, used to looking up to wealth and power, but when he crossed che Mississippi he began to lift his head and look around. He squared his shoulders, pur more crack to his whip and eee Pile ian protested, “I thought home was going now, oueselves She had a way of saying “home” so it sounded like a rare and wonderful place and kept Jeanie and me looking always atthe horizon, just knowing i was over thee, waiting for us to see it. She had given us the dream, and even Jeanie, who was only six, she had it too, She might tell us that home was where we ‘were going, but I knew home was where ma was, a warm and friendly place with biscuits ‘on the table and fresh-made butter. We ‘wouldn't have a real home until ma was chert and we had a fire going. Only I'd build che ftte —_— } | he land Mic Bachanan, who was captain ofthe “Pd ike ro sy you soul coms,” Me dertinay [wag tan, came tous with Tryon Burt, who Buchanan sad, ~bue the hoy couln' stand up ‘of the foge yas guide. “We'll help you,” Mr. Buchanan ro a man’s work upon BET now youl Be wanting 0 g0 Ma sled a im, chin wp, the way she had shoring fe bck 22¢—" “Ido not believe in gambling, Mr: Buchanan, natch my Jor we are not going back” Ma smiled at but Til wager a good Ballard rifle there isn't @ stron shen, “And don't be afraid we'll be a burden. man in camp who could follow a child all day, with Fipow you have troubles of your own, and we running when tron, squatting when i che died fl manage very well.” squats, bending when icbends and wrestling thee! ang ff" Me Buchanan looked uncomfortable, ike he when it wrestles and not be played out long . as tying ro think ofthe right thing co say. befor che chil is.” nians aoe J Now sce here,” he protested, “we stared this "You may be right, ma'am, but rules Fof ma, tip wiiva rule There has 0 bes man with a rule." se Na putherandon Ma put ker hand on my shanlder, “I have my man. Ame cll J tise ad ase Bud is almort thirteen and accepts responsibility. ssh at J woporsiliy 1 could Y Aaemoncameup ite Teaxld ark for no better man.” sas thin, stooped in the he home was v3" ma sai shoulder, and whenever Now that J be looked at ma there was a greasy look to his “We are in Indian country, Mr. Buchanan, home fyes thar didn’ like, He was amin who If you ae killed a week fom now, Tooked direy even when he'd just washed in the your wife must return to the State * soit reek, “You come along with me, ma'am,” he “Thats different! Nobody could turn back |place and sai. °T'll take good care of you.” from there! sat the “Mc, Ryerson”—ma looked him right in the “Then,” ma said sweety, “it seems a rule is there, tye—"you have a wife who ean use better care only a rule within certain limits, and if recall ven us the J than she’ getting, and I have my son.” correctly no such limit was designated in the only six,she “He's nothin’ but a boy.” articles of travel! Whatever limits there were, You are turning back, are you not? My son Mr. Buchanan, must have been passed where we | going on, I believe that should indicate who sometime before the Indian attack that killed wherema J} Smore the man. Ie is neither size nor age that__my husband.” th biscuits J tukes a man, Me. Ryerson, but something he “I can drive the wagon, and so can ma.” ‘We has inside. My son has i.” I said, “For the past two days I've been driving, a was there Ryerson might have said something and nobody said anything until pa died.” build the fs J snpleasane only Tryon Burt was standing there ishing he would, so he just looked ugly and oe hustled of * een betseantagone wansanry 764Mr. Buchanan dida’t know what co say, but a body could see he didn’ like it. Nor did he Tike a woman who ralled up to him the way ma did Tryon Burt spoke up. I've watched this youngster, and hell do, He Let the boy drive has better judgment chan most men in the outfit, and he stands wp to his work. If need be, I'l help.” ‘Mr, Buchanan turned around and walked off swith his back stiff the way itis when he's mad, Ma looked at Burt, and she said, “Thank you, Mr, Burt, That was nice of you.” “Tey Burt, he got all red around the gills’ and took off like somebody had pur a bur tunder his saddle ‘Come morning our wagon was the second ‘one ready to take its place inline with both horses saddled and tied behind the wagon, and me standing beside the off ox ‘Any direction a man wanted to look there was nothing but grass and sky, only sometimes there'd be a buffalo wallow or a gopher hole ‘We made cleven miles the first day after pa vas buried, sixteen the next, then nineteen, thirveen and twenty-one. Arno time did che country change, On the sixth day a lied I killed a buffalo, was a young bull, but a big one, and I spotted him coming up out of a draw and ‘Was off my horse and bellied down in the geass before Try Burt realized there was game in sight. That bull ame up from the draw and stopped there, staring at the wagon train, which was a half-mile off. Seting a behind his lfe shoulder I took a long breath, took in the trigger slack, then squeezed off my shot so gentl-like the gun jumped in my hands before I was ready fori “The bull took a step back like something had surprised him, and I jacked another shell 2 UIT AVE rar RELBING A NATION into the chamber and was sighting om him again when he went down on his knees and rolled over on his side. “You got him, Bud!” Burt was more excing than me. “That was shootin'™" Try got down and showed me how to skig the bull, and lent me a hand. Thea we cut of fresh meat and toted it back to the wagons, ‘Ma was at the fire when we came of brown hair lonsie er cheek ad her lag Tshed from the hea ofthe Bie, looking ay “Bud killed hss blfal” Bure ld het looking a ma like he could eat he i "hy, Bad! Tha them. and she sid, “Bud wy don you al wonderfull” Here a piece of that meat along to Mr. Buchanan and the others? With Bure to help, we cur the meat inco eighteen pieces and distributed it around the wagons. Ie wasn’t much, but it was che fs fresh meat ia couple of weeks. John Sampson squeezed my shoulder and said, “Seems to me you and your ma are fos to travel with. This outfit needs some hunters. Each night I staked out that buffalo hide, and each day I worked at curing it before rolling it up to pack on the wagon. Belive ow ime, I was some proud of that buffalo hide. Biggest thing dl shor until then was cottontail rabbit back in llinois, where we lived when I was born. Tey Burt cold folks about that shot. “Two hundr say, “right through the heart ‘Only it wasn’t more than a hundred and fifty yards the way I figured, and pa used ©zon him knees and) more exci pow to shin ir back to me uP, 8 wip k and her fag looking 2s burt told at her with ” Her eves ischef in on’e you tke Buchanan around the the first joulder and ma ace folks uffalo hide, i before on, Belive ya fal hide where we cold folks yards,” he'd undred and d pa used 10 jake me pace ff dances, 0 Pl learn 29 a But Twas nobody co agi with Feeling a wory—besds, wo hundred Decks an awl lo beter sound than ended and By fs spper the menflks would gather to te making the sine we ought if we hoped Tat rhe snow trough the passes ofthe ee en they tle Twas there esse Se man of my wagon, but nobody paid To nd, Bahanaa, he ated ke be Git see me, bur John Sampson would not, ind Tey Bure always smiled at me Several spoke up for turning back, but Mr. Buchanan said he knew of an outfic that made iEthrough later than this. One thing was sure. (Our wagon wasn’t rarning back. Like ma said, hone was somewhere ahead of us, and back in the States we'd have no money and nobody to was the fara to, nor any relatives, anywhere. thee of us “We're going on,” I said at one of these alk. "We don’ figure ro turn back for saying,” Weblr gave me a glance full of contempt. You'll go where the rest of us go. You an? your ma would play hobt gettin’ by on Next day it rained, dawn to dark it faiely poured, and we were lucky to make six miles. Dy after that, with the wagon wheels sinking igo the prairie and the rain sil falling, we amped just two miles from where we started inthe morning. Nobody talked much around the fies, and wha was said was apr to be short and iitable. Most of these folks had put all they bed into che outs they had, and if they fumed back now they'd have nothing to live enand nothing left ro make a fresh start. “To cmap an simge a a tue Except a few like Me, Buchanan, who was wel of “It doesn't have to be California,” ma said once, "What most of us want is land, not gold.” This hece is Indian country,” John Sampson said, “and a sight too open for me Pa like a valley in the bills, with running water close by.” “There will be valleys and meadows,” ma replied, string the stew she was making, “and tall tees near cunning streams, and tall sass growing in the meadows, and there will bye game in the forest and on the grassy plains, and places for hom “And where will we find all thae?™ Webb's tone was slighting, “West,” ma said, “0 1 suppose you've been there?” Webb scoffed. “No, Mr, Webb, I haven't been there, but ve heen told of it, The land is there, and we will have some of it, my children and I, and wwe will stay through the winter and in the spring we will plane our crops.” Easy 10 529." “This is Sioux country to the north,” Burt said. *We'll be lucky to get through without 3 fight. There was a war patty of thiry or ciety five passed this way a couple of days ago.” Sioux?” ‘Uh-huh—no women o¢ children along, and | found where some war paint rubbed off on the brush, “Maybe,” Mr, Buchanan suggested, “we'd better turn south mite “itis late in the seasor \" ma replied, “and the straightest way isthe best way now._ ee s the Je to No ose co worry” White interupeds sis Indians went on by. They won't kel MeTyy ete riding southeast,” ma sad dg tht home isin the north so when they Fe thy 'l be ciding northwest. There is m0 Pen we'd hes tar hack,” White sid owe Took ike we'd make hi yea, forrsing back and some wasted to push 0, fa aly White sad they should push on, far ravel fast Spat)” Webb asked disparagingly. “An Join can ride in one day the divance we'd travel in four.” “That started the wrangling again and ma oorinved with her cooking. Sitting there tatching her I figured I never did see anybody fo graceful or quick on her feet as ma, and tnhen sve used to walk in the woods back ome I never knew her o stumble or step on aiallen twig or branch The en fires with nothing setled, only there at the end Mr. Buchanan looked to Burt. “Do yo know the Sioux? Only the Ures and Shoshonis, and I spent ‘winter on the Snake with the Nez Perces one time, But Pve had no truck’ with the Sioux. Only they tell me they're bad medicine. soup lnuke up and returned to their Fighia’ men from way back and they don’t cotton to" white folks in their country. If we fun into Sioux, we're in trouble.” Aer Mr, Buchanan had gone Tryon Burt ‘xcept a plate and cup from ma and setled own to eating, After a while he looked up at her and said, Beggin’ your pardon, ma'am, but {struck me you knew a sight about track’ for sm Eastern woman, You'd spotted those Sioux your own self an’ you figured i ight that they'd pick up our talon the way back.” She smiled at him. “It was simply an “observation, Me. Burt. I would believe anyone would notice it.I simply pur it into words.” ‘Bure went on eating, but he was mighty thoughtful, and it didnt seem co me he was satisfied with ma’s answer. Ma said finaly, “Ie seems to be raining west of here, Isnt i likely to be snowing in the mountains? Bare looked up uneasily. "Nor necessarily so, ma‘am. Iecould be raining here and not sno there, but P' say there was a chance of snow. He got up and came around the fie o the coffeepot. “What are you getin’ at, ma'am?” “Some of them are ready to turn back or change heir plans. What will you do then?’ He frowned, placing his cup om the grass “No idea—might head south for Santa Fe. Why do you ask? “Because we' ‘going to che mountains, and Lam hoping some going on,” ma said. “We're of the others decide to come with us.” He was amazed “You'd go alone sf necenary.” We started on at daybreak, but folks were more scary than before, and they kept looking at the great distances stretching away on either side, and muttering. There was an autumn, coolness in the at, and we were still short of South Pass by several days with the memory of the Donner party” being talked up around ws There was another kind of talkin the wagons, and some of it I heard. The nightly 745tatherings around ma’s fire had started talk, and some of it pointed to Tryon Burt, and some were saying other things. We made seventeen miles that day, and at night Mr, Buchanan didn’t come to ou fre; and when White stopped by, his wife came and igot him. Ma looked at her and smiled, and Mrs. White sniffed and went away beside her husband, Me. Bure"—ma wasn't one to beat around a bush—is there talk about me’ Try Burt got red around ehe ears and he opened his mouth, but couldn’e find the words he wanted, “Maybe—well, maybe I shouldn't eat heee al the time. Only—well, ms you're the best cook in camp.” Ma smiled at him. “I hope thar isn't the ‘only reason you come to see us, Mr. Burt.” He got redder chan ever then and gulped his coffee and took off in a hurry Ts to time the men had stopped by to help a little, but next morning nobody came by. We got lined out about as soon as fever, and ma said t0 me as we sat on the wagon seat, “Pay no attention, Bud. You've no call ro take up anything if you don't notice it, There will always be folks who will alk, and the better you do in the world the more bad things they will say of you. Back there in the settlement you remember how the dogs used to run out and bark at our wagons?” “Yes, ma, “Did the wagons stop?” “No, ma." “Remember that, son. The dogs bark, but the wagons go on their way, and if you're going some place you haven’ time to bother with barking dogs.” ‘We made eighteen miles that day, and the grass was better, but there was a rumble of distant thunder, whimpering and muttering in the canyons, promising rain. Webb stopped by, dropped an arméul of ‘wood beside the fire, then started o “Thank you, Me. Webb,” ma said, “hue aren't you afraid you'll be talked about He looked angry and started to reply something angry, and then he said, “I reckon I'd be flatered, Mes, Miles* ‘Ma said, “No matter what is decided by eh rest of them, Mr. Webb, we are going on, but ined and there is no need to go to California for whae ‘Webb had a dark fa of Mr. Webb. We want land,” ma said, “and ther island around us. In che mountains ahead there will sh and game, logs for houses and meadows for 5 him. Twas af bbe streams and forests, there will be ‘Mt. Buchanan had joined us. “Thats fol talk,” he declared. "What could anyone doin these hills? You'd be cue off from the worl Left out oft.” "A man wouldnt be so crowded as in T¥e seen so many go that I've been wondering what they all do there.” “For a woman,” Webb replied, ignoring the others, “you've a head on you, ma’am “What about the Sioux?” Mr. Buchanan asked deyly. “We'd not he encroaching on their land “They live to the north,” ma said, She gestural toward the mountains. “There is land to be had just a few days farther on, and that is where our wagon will stop. A few days! Everybody looked ar everybadl else, Not months, bur days only. Those who California,” John Sampson remarked. stopped then would have enough of their supplies lef to help them through the wintexl muttering gf yg ith what game they could killand me spoke, and hey all tuned chee eyes toward eyeing wood and even building cabins the wagons. m armful of J fre the cold st in There was a rider coming, and it was a ed off (Oh, there was an argument, such argument woman. It was ma N said, “bur f ggoe've never heard, and the upshot of She rode right up beside us, and when she about?” PSU jacall agreed it was fool talk and the drew up she started to talk, and she was ro reply | Mugg ro do was Keep going, And there was speaking their language. She was talking finned and Syptovetheard about ma being no berer Sioux, We both knew what it was because Mrs. Miles” J Stn she should be, and why was chat guide chose Indians sat up and paid attention : decided by faye hanging around her? And all those Suddenly she directed a question atthe chi going on, buf ge No decent woman—I hurried ave. “Red Horse,” he sad, in English ria for what J ag becak of day our wagons colled down Ma shifted to English. "My husband was slong valley with a small stream alongside the blood brother ro Gall, che greatest wartior of n. Iwas aad land the Indians came over the ridge tothe Sioux nation. It was my husband who Hout of us and started our way—tallyine- found Gall dying in the brush with a bayonet who took Gall his home and ther is anf king men with feathers in thie hai. wound in his read there will | There was barely time fora circle, ut I was and treated the wound unc it was well. il be fish and. J sng off in font dows for with Tryon Burt, and “Tn the mountains aktead there will be streams and fesaid, “A man can “That's fool J iyays ery totale een ees foretts, there mill be Fisk and game, legs Far hencer om the world, plavor® You get back vdedasin J "Oat fade atong 4nd meadows For grazing,” narked. “I've laside him, my rifle ‘wondering | rer my saddle and ready to hand. My mouth “Your husband was a medicine man?” Red as dry and my heart was beating so's I Horse asked ed, ignoring Try could hear ity I was that seared. “My husband was a warrior,” ma replied ma'am.” Tr behind us the wagons were making their proudly, “but he made war only against strong, iz Buchanan cil, and every second was important. men, not women or children or the wounded.” Theie chief was a big man with splendid ‘he put her hand on my shoulder. “This is j their land. J muscles, and there was a scalp not many days my son, As my husband was blood brother to id She gestured fold hanging from his lance. It looked like Gall, his son is by blood brotherhood the son island to be on’s hair, but Ryesson’s wagons should of Gall, also.” ‘and that is | have been miles away’ tothe east by now. Red Horse stared at ma fora long time, and Burt eied ehem in Shoshoni, but it was the I was getting even more scared. I could feel a at my collar and cravl ed at everybod) | Lnguage of their enemies and they merely drop of sweat st iy. Those who} sated at him, understanding well enough, but _ slowly down my spine. Red Horse looked at gh of their of no mind to ealk, One young buck kept ime, “Is this one a fe son for Gall? agh the winter, string ae Burt with a taunt in his eye, daring Bact to make a move; then sueldenly che chief 8 pvr i> vwaneanry 747“He isa fit son. He has killed his frst buffalo. Red Horse turned his mount and spoke to the others. One of the young braves shouted angrily at him, and Red Horse replied sharp Reluctantly, the warriors trailed off after their chief “Ma’am,” Bure said, “you just about saved ‘our bacon, They were just spoiin’ for a fight.” “We should he moving ‘Mt. Buchanan was waiting for us. “What happened out there? I tried to Keep her back, but she's difficult woman.” “She's worth any three men in the outfit Bute replied. T at day we made eighteen miles, and by the time the wagons circled there was talk, The fact that ma had saved them was less importane now than other things. Ie didn't seem right that a decent woman could talk Sioux or mixin the affaies of men. Nobody came to our fire, but while picketing the saddle horses 1 heard someone Says "Must be part Indian, Else why would they pay attention to a woman Maybe she's pare Injun and leadin’ us into trap.” Hiadn’r been for hes” Burt said, “you'd all be dead now.” “How do you know shat she said to "em? Who savvies that lingo? “I never did trust that woman,” Mes. White ids “too high and mighty, Nor that husband ‘of hers either, comes to that. Kepe co himself too much.” The air was cool after a brief shower when wwe started in the morning, and no Indians in sight. All day long we moved over grass made fresh by new rain, and al the ridges were pineclad now, and the growth along the streams heavier. Short of sundown I killed an antelope with a running shot, dropped him 748 mighty neat—and looked up to see an Indigg watching from a hill At che distance | could tell, bu it could have been Red Hors “Time to time Fd passed along the tain, bye nobody waved or said anything. Webb watch ‘me go by, his face stolid as one of the Siow yp Teould see there was a deal of talk going 0, “Why are they mad at us?" [asked Bun Folks hate something they don't understand, ot anything seems different. You ma goes her own way, speaks her mind, andgf an evening she doesn't set by and gossip He topped out on a rise and drew up to study the country, and me beside him. "You gor to figure most of these folks come fram small towns where they never knew much aside from their families, their gossip and their church. Ie doesnt seem right to chem that a decent woman would find time 9 learn Sioux.” Burt studied the country. “Time was, ay stranger was an enemy, and if anybody came ou killed him, T've seen wolves jump on a wolf that wa white or different somehow—seems lke folks around who wasn’t one of yours, and animals feae anything tha's unusual ‘We circled, and I staked out my horses and took the oxen to the herd. By the time ma had het grub-box lid down, I was fixing ata fre when here come Me. Buchanan, Mr. and Mrs. White and some other folks, including that Webb, Ma'am" abrupt—"we figure we ought to know what ya said to those Sioux. We want to know why ty Me. Buchanan was mighty turned off just because you went out ther.” “Does it matter? Mr. Buchanan's face stiffened up. “We shi it does, There's some think you might bean “Indian your own self.”an Indian ce I could bb watched he Sioux, ked Bur. ferent. Your mind, and of ew up to him. *You 0 them nybody came you killed wolf thar was Tike folks ny horses and wing a a fre -Mr. and ks, includ } know what Knows why the tout there dup. “We thi u might be an And if Lam? ou have in mind, Mr, Buchanan?” Ma was amused. “Just what ‘We don't wane no Indian in this outfit!” Mc. White shouted. “How does it come you ean talk that language?” Mes. White demanded. “Even Tryon Burt can’t tlk i.” "figure maybe you want us to keep goin’ because there's a trap up ahead!” White declared Tnever realized folks could be so mean, but there chey were facing ma like they hated her. Iedida't seem right that ma, who they didn't ike, had saved them from an Indian attack and the fact that she talked Sioux like any ladian bothered them. “As it happens,” ma said, “Lam not an ladian, although I should not be ashamed of it ifl were, They have many admirable qualities. However, you need wurty yourselves no longer as we part company in the morning. Thave no desire to travel further with you gentlemen.” Mr. Buchanan's face got all angry, and he started up to say something mean. Nobody was about to speak rough to ma with me standing by, so I just picked up that of rifle and jacked a shell into the chambet. “Mr. Buchanan, this here's my ma, and she's a lady, 50 you just be careful what words you use.” “Put down that rifle, you young fool” he shouted at me. “Mr, Buchanan, I may be litle and may be fool, but this here rile doesn’t care who pulls its trigger He looked like he was going to have a stroke, but he just turned sharp around and walked away, all stiff in the back, vwaneanry 749“Ma'am,” Webb said, like me much, but you've shown more brains than that pastel o fools. If you'll beso kind, me and my boy would like to tal along with you." like a man who speaks his mind, Mr ‘Webb. I would consider it an honor to have your company.” Tryon Burt looked quizzically at ma Why, his isa time for a man to make up his mind, and Md like to be included along with Webb. “Mr. Burt,” ma said, “for your own information, I grew up in Minnesota. They were my playmates.” n pulled off Come daylight our w 0 one side, pointing northwest at the mountains, and Me Buchanan led off to the west. Webb followed ma’s wagon, and I sat warching Mt Buchanan's eyes get angriet as John Sampson, [Neely Seuart, the two Shafter wagons and Tom Croft all fell in behind us Tryon Bure had been talking to Mr Buchanan, but he lft off and trotted his horse cover to where I sat my horse. Mr. Buchangy looked mighty sullen when he saw hall hy wagon train gone and with ita lot of his mportance as captain, Two days and nearly forty miles further ap wwe topped out on a rise and paused tole the and tall gay nda flat bench” on oxen take a blows. A Tong valley lay route, with mountains beyond wet with rain, mountainside seen through a gray veil of « ight shower falling. There was that bench, with the white tranks of aspen on the mountainside beyond it looking like ranks of slim soldiers guarding the bench agains the storms, “M: “All right, Bud,” she said quietly T said come home . AndI started up the oxen and dr into the valley where I was to becomeBuchanag half hig of his ss further and drove down The Other Pioneers by Roberto Félix Salazar Now I must write OF those of mine who rode these plains Long years before the Saxon! and che Irish came Of those who plowed the land and built the towns And gave the towns sofe-woven Spanish Of those who moved across the R Toward the hiss of Texas snake and Indian yell (Of men who from the earth made thick-walled homes And from the earth raised churches to theit God. And of the wives who bore them sons And smiled with knowing joy. necmua notes 754They saw the Texas sun rise golden-red with promised wealth And saw the Texas sun sink golden yet, with wealth unspent, “Here,” they said. "Here to live and here to love.” “Here is the land for our sons and the sons of our sons. ‘And they sang the songs of ancient Spain ‘And they made new songs to fir new needs. They cleared che brush and planted the corn And saw green stalks tuen black fom lack of rain, They roamed the plains behind the herds And stood the Indian's cruel attacks. There was dust and there was sweat. And there were tears and the women prayed. And the years moved on. Those who were frst placed in graves Beside the broad mesquite and the cll nopal. Gentle mothers left theie graces and their arts And stalwart fathers pride and manly strength Salinas, de la Garza, Sénchez, Garcia, Uribe, Gonzilaz, Martine, de Leén: Such were the names of the fathers. Salinas, de la Garza, Sénchez, Garcia, Uribe, Gonzlaz, Martinez, de Ledn: Such are the names of the sons.THINKING ute Connect to the Literature 1. What Do You Thnk? Comprohension Check Would you have + Why do some members of stayed with Mr the wagon train want Bud's Buchanan or family to turn back? joined the group + How does Bud's mother save that followed the wagon train from attack? uals family? Why?» What does Bue's family do at the end ofthe stay? Think Critically Pa oc exon REN ak at the predictions tht you made in your Gisescenaerenocee ‘Which of your pedicions Were accurate Which ones did you revise when YoU Uncovered new cles inthe stor? Share your responses wih your dassmotes 2. What is your impression of Bud's mothe? Think About at She calls “home” + the tude she displays tomard Bud 4 Bud's mother tells Mr. Ryerson that “itis neither Literary Analysis EESEMGIO Ficion tat takes place inthe pasts called historical fiction. Sornetmes characters in historical ton are actual historical fgures, and the events ae ftionalized accounts of real evens. In other cases, 25 in Lamour’ sty, the main characters and evens are fiional but the deta ofthe setting are hstoally accurate, Paired Activity Go back though the selection and look for deta that make "War Paya work of historia icton. Record his infermation in a chart ike the fone shown. ter completing the chat, discuss with a partner how efecively you think the author re-ceated lie on a wagon tin inthe mid-1800s. size nor age that makes a man, ... but re Something he has inside. My son has i oe a What do you think she means by "it? (raid | hela 9 ‘waveingins | people dscuss | “Ths hore is Extend Interpretations ‘roger tan” | vt happened | Ion 5. Crt’ Comnar While critics agree that UAmour vvas a natural storyteller, some criticize his “cardboard, simplistic characters” Do you think that this erticism applies tothe characters in "War Party”? Why or why not? 6 Read the poem "The Other Pioneers” by Roberto Felix Salazar on page 751. In this poem, what is the relationship between Native Americans and Spanish settlers? How does this ‘elationship compare withthe one that LAmour describes in "War Panty"? 1. Connect to Life Mr. Gurt tells Bud that “Folks hate something they don't understand, or anything seems different" Do you agree with this observation? Explain. {wine omer | county party fda si A confit ‘be exer extemal or intemal. in an external conflict, 3 charecterstuggles against a force of nature, 2 physical object, o another character ‘an internal conflict is 2 struggle within the character's ‘vm mind. I Buds conflict primarly extemal or intemal? wannanry 758errs and CHALLENGES Include relevant dialogue, specific action, and physical voting a esearch report on 4#3¢ptions westward expansion, how would you narrow the topic? Using library resources and the internet, compose alist of possible thesis statements— Statements that define the main idea or overall purpose ‘of your research report. Place the entries in your Working Portfolio. 3 Wing Handiook Seep. RSE Wrting 2 Theie Statement 2. Westward Journal Choose one of the characters in the story other than Bud. Write several journal entries in which that character describes the events of the wagon tain. Speal Listening for your class. Vocabulary EXERCISE: MEANING CLUES For each blank, ‘tte the Word to Know that has a meaning similar tothe other words in the group. il sickly, tule, standard scom, disdain, rudely, distespectuly, intrude, invade, VOCABULARY STRATEGY: THE SCHWWA SOUND ‘The schwa (a) isa common vowel sound in tnstressed syllables, but it can represent several different vowels of vowel combinations. contempt dspaaingy 54 (SITE Rr RULING ANATION Wing Handbook See p. BA: Narative Wing. 1g & Radio Dramatization Adapt all (oF part of this story into 2 radio drama. You might want to include appropriate music {and sound effects in your recording. Use precise language, action verbs, and sensory details when vwting the script. Perform the play Research & Technology Historical Detain this the author refers to over ‘actual historical incident Choose one ofthe fllonng topics to research + the 1862 uprising led Uti row n ins + the Donner party tragedy 1946-1647 + the Salem witch tials oft Tate 1600s Prepare a speech outine based on a patter of organization, Seep RIOK Weng Yo ‘Speaking and Listening Hondbook ‘Seep. R107 Oramate Resding. | esr Soar wemmeteaitecon Examine the words lsted below and find ‘examples ofthe schwa sound, Use a dictionary to check the pronunciation if necessary. Then identify the letters responsble for the sound, contempt iar Look for more words withthe schua sound ‘and record them in your notebook. Vocabulary Handbook Seep. RO: Synonyms and Antonyms. principle lemon encroach principleony writers use a variety of sentence structures (inake thei writing more interesting, Look at fe fllowing passage from Louis L'Amour sir Party this a 510 several» indent he flloving i on og wes ene. Our wives tring tke mes bome me sng led by omewhere ahead of, and back in the Minnesota Sines we'd have no money and obody to ty tragedy fen to, a any eatives anywhere wat the tre of ws. ch trials ofthe the words in red form a compound sentence, a h outline {ertence that is created by joining two or more em of Simple sentences. The other sentences inthe ge ate dnp sentences Notice how the Basten ofa compound sentence crests tee of setence structures that hele make Seiwing more interesting cing Henbae na Your Speech cloud ond I think of myself rs respond fn that oral tration” Louis LAmour 1906-1988 mA ) ir “1 write my books tobe read IN “Yondering Years” The frst half of Louis Lxmouts Ie sounds like an adventure story isell Born in Jamestonn, Nath Dakota, Lamour lefthome at 15 and held a wide ‘riety of jobs including ranch hand, lumbejack, schwa sound i longsnoreman, and elephant handlec. He later toned the term “yonderng’ to describe ths s. Period of his ife~years in which he ‘wandered |AWiostom Writer Aer serving overseas in the jim, Amour began to wrte Wester fiion for rarreltesy PuERonE Nees) Grammar in Context: Using Compound Sentences for Sentence Variety WRITING EXERCISE The following paragraph consists of a series of simple sentences. Rewrite the paragraph, creating compound sentences to create sentence variety, ‘We buried ny father high upon al. Some ‘mothers would not have continued My smother dd ot give up. She was alone ‘roman with two children She refed 0 tun back. People were amazed by hee. Sometins they were frightened of her. 1 ‘aimired her immensely. She always stood by ‘me iherted her strength. Ata ery eal ‘age H became the man ofthe fai Seep. RS rag Complete Sentences. rmagatines inthe lte 1940s. By the ime his novel Hondo was pubished in 1953, LAmour had established his reputation, The books that fallowed were hugely successful. He wrote ‘more milion copy bestsellers than any other American author. For more than 30 years he produced three novels a year, and wen he diet in 1988, he let 50 autines fr future novel Aurion Activity {Change of Subject L'Amour is famous as 2 wnter of stories and novels about the West However, in 1964 he published a nove, The Walking Oram, that i et in a very different historical period, Find 3 copy of ths book in the Vary. What is the setting ofthe book? What ‘might his book have in cornmon with ‘Amour's Wester stories?