Understanding Landslides and Mitigation
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kereysha daradalUnderstanding Landslides and Mitigation
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kereysha daradalOTHER
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GEOLOGICAL
HAZARDS:
LANDSLIDES
GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS
These are the natural phenomena that cause
major problems all over the world. In general,
most of the geological hazards are related to
natural conditions, although some may be due
to human activities.
RAINFALL-INDUCED
LANDSLIDE
A landslide is a massive outward and downward movement
of slope forming materials. The term “landslide” is restricted
to movements of rocks and soil masses. Landslide is
initiated when a section of hill slope or sloping section of a
seabed is rendered too weak to support its own weight.
Landslide is triggered by other natural hazards such as
prolonged, heavy rainfall or by other sources of water which
increase the water content of the slope materials. Landslide
as a geological hazard is caused by earthquake or volcanic
eruption. Susceptibility of hill slope to landslide is
developed as a result of denudation of mountainsides.
CAUSES OF LANDSLIDE
Landslides occur when the slope changes from a stable to an unstable
condition. A change in the stability of a slope can be caused by a
number of factors, acting together or alone.
NATURAL AGGRAVATED BY
CAUSES HUMAN ACTIVITIES
|
NATURAL CAUSES OF
LANDSLIDES INCLUDE:
Groundwater pressure acting to destabilize the slope
Loss or absence of vertical vegetative structure, soil
nutrients, and soil structure
Erosion of the toe of a slope by rivers or ocean waves
Weakening of a slope through saturation by snow melt,
glaciers melting, or heavy rains
|
NATURAL CAUSES OF
LANDSLIDES INCLUDE:
Earthquake adding loads to barely stable slopes
Earthquake-caused liquefaction destabilizing slopes
Volcanic eruptions
|
LANDSLIDES ARE ALSO AGGRAVATED
BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES, SUCH AS:
Earthwork which alters the shape of a slope, or which
imposes new loads on an existing slope
In shallow soils, the removal of deep-rooted vegetation
that binds colluvium to bedrock
Construction works, agricultural or forestry activities
which change the amount of water infiltrating the soil
|
LANDSLIDES ARE ALSO AGGRAVATED
BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES, SUCH AS:
Deforestation, cultivation and construction, which
destabilize the already fragile slopes
Vibrations from machinery or traffic
Blasting
EFFECTS OF
LANDSLIDES
Landslides cause property damage,
injury and death and adversely
affect a variety of resources
NEGATIVE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF
LANDSLIDES:
• Cost to repair structures
• Loss of property value
• Disruption of transportation routes
• Medical costs in the event of injury
• Indirect cost (such as lost timber and lost fish stocks)
• Water availability, quantity and quality can be affected
• Geotechnical studies and engineering projects to assess
and stabilize potentially dangerous site can be costly
NEGATIVE ECONOMIC EFFECTS
OF LANDSLIDES:
Landslides cause property damage, injury and
death and adversely affect a variety of
resources
Signs of Impending
Geological Hazards
LANDSLIDE WARNING SIGNS
Earlier Landslide
Things Moving
as an indicator Observable movement and
Multiple landslide events deformation of things
in the same place.
Water Doing
Tension Cracks Something Different
Tension cracks are created Changes in water flow.
by the stress of geological The sudden arrival of water in
material pulling apart. a spring, seep, or wet ground
somewhere that is usually dry
MITAGATION
STRATEGIES
|BEFORE LANDSLIDE:
It's good to secure clearance from the Mines and
Geosciences Bureau(MGB) on status of possible
landslides.
Help prepare the members of the family for evacuation
upon the direction of proper authorities.
Maintain a list of contact numbers during emergencies.
Participate in planting grasses to cover slopes or in
building riprap to prevent soil erosion.
|BEFORE LANDSLIDE:
Participate in regular drills on evacuation procedures.
Help promote public awareness and involvement on
landslide mitigation.
Help develop family preparedness and evacuation plan.
|DURING LANDSLIDE:
Evacuate immediately if warned of an impending
landslide or mudflow.
Stay away from the path of landslide debris or seek
refuge behind a sturdy tree or boulder.
Get out of house as soon as possible when rumbling
sounds are heard from upstream or the trembling of
the ground is felt indicating a possible mudflow.
Run across a slope, not downwards.
|AFTER LANDSLIDE:
Examine thoroughly the damaged parts and utilities of
the house before re-occupying it.
Stay away from the landslide area. There may be
danger of additional landslides.
Help check with caution injured and trapped persons
within the landslide area and direct rescuers to their
locations.
|AFTER LANDSLIDE:
Listen to local radio or television stations for the latest
emergency information.
Help in seeking the advice of a geotechnical expert to
evaluate landslide hazards or design corrective
measures to reduce landslide risk.
THANK
YOU!
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