Vocab

Meteorologica (a) thuôcj khí tượng học

Capillary (n) mao mạch
Ambient (a) thuộc về điều kiện môi trường
Quantify (v) định lượng
Calibrate (v) hiệu chuẩn
Range (n) phạm vi
Freezing (adj) cực kì lạnh
Expansion (n) sự giãn nở
Cubical (adj) thuộc về lập thể
Ignore (v) bỏ qua
Pyrex (n) loại thủy tinh chịu nhiệt tốt

Answer

1.It rises and falls of the liquid in a thermometer as temperatures increase and decrease.

2.Galileo invented the thermometer.

3.It relied on the expansion of air with an increase of heat.

4.Traditional liquid-in-glass thermometers were devised in the 1630s.

5.The thermometer are standard equipment today in research settings, medical practice, and
meteorological measurement.

6.Many common thermometers contain a liquid confined within a narrow capillary tube.

7.It is along the length of the narrow tube.

8.Most liquids expand in volume as their temperature increases.

9.Because the extent of expansion is generally constant over a range of temperatures.

10. Two liquids exhibit a consistent and measurable expansion at commonly measured temperatures -
liquid mercury and ethanol.

11.Because these liquids permit common temperatures to be readily measured, such as the boiling and
freezing of water. Mercury has a higher boiling point than water, and ethanol has a lower freezing point
than water.

12.Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686-1736), a German physicist and maker of scientific instruments, is
credited for inventing the alcohol thermometer in 1709 and the mercury thermometer in 1714 (as well
as developing the temperature scale that bears his name).

13.The name of the temperature scale is Fahrenheit.

14.Because the ethanol is colorless

15.The mercury and ethanol contained in the thermometer must be in liquid form

16.Because ethanol, with normal freezing and boiling points of - 114.1 and 78.3 °C, respectively, is
convenient as a thermometer liquid when temperatures below the freezing point of water are to be
measured.

17.Because liquids generally have a substantially larger coefficient of thermal expansion than do solids.

18.Pyrex glass contains borosilicate glass, a type of glass that is exceptionally resistant to heat,
expanding only about one-third as much as common silicate glass.

19.Pyrex is often used to make chemical apparatuses, including thermometers.