DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATION

TECHNOLOGY

Micro-Project
Report
(Management)

Academic Year: 2023-24

Program Code: IF6I

Course: Management
Course Code: 22509
Subject Teacher: Mrs. Pratibha Lotlikar
Group No: 12

ZAGDU SINGH CHARITABLE TRUST (REGD.)

THAKUR POLYTECHNIC
(An ISO 9001:2015 Certified Institute)
Thakur Complex, West to W. E. Highway, Kandivali, (E), Mumbai – 400 101
(Accredited by: National Board Of Accreditation)

Department Of Information Technology, IF6I 1|Page

Department Of Information Technology, IF6I 2|Page
 MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF
TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Certificate
This is to certify that:
Shrinivas Jahagirdar - 03
Yash Teredesai - 12
Parth Joshi - 32
of 6th Semester of Diploma in Information Technology of Institute,
Thakur Polytechnic (Code:0522) have completed the Micro Project
satisfactorily in Subject – MAN for the academic year 2023-2024 as
prescribed in the curriculum.

Place: Mumbai Enrolment No.: 2105220098

2105220108

2105220132

Date: ………….. Seat No.: ……………….

Seal of Institute

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

This acknowledgment transcends the reality of formality when we would

like to express deep gratitude and respect to all those people behind the
screen who guided, inspired and helped me for the completion of our
project work.

This project would add as an asset to my academic profile. We express

our sincere gratitude to our respectful Principal Dr. S.M. Ganechari
for enabling us to make use of laboratory and library facilities liberally,
that helped us a long way in carrying out our project work successfully.

We consider ourselves lucky enough to get such a good project. This

project would add as an asset to my academic profile. We express our
gratitude to the help of the Head of the Department of Information
technology, Mrs. Suwarna Thakre, for her constant supervision,
guidance and co-operation throughout the project and we would like to
express our thankfulness to our project guide (subject teacher), Mrs.
Pratibha Lotlikar for her constant motivation and valuable help
through the project work. We extend our sincere gratitude to our
parents who have encouraged us with their blessings to do this project
successfully.

THANK YOU

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 PROPOSAL

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 MICROPROJECT PROPOSAL
(MANAGEMENT)

TITLE – PREPARE A REPORT ON DIRECTING AT SUPERVISORY

LEVEL

1) Aim / Benefits of the Projects: -

Directing at the supervisory level aims to achieve organizational goals, enhance
productivity, improve morale, adapt to change, resolve conflicts, and ensure
quality output. The benefits include increased efficiency, motivated teams,
adaptability, conflict resolution, high-quality results, and alignment with the
organizational vision.

2) Course Outcomes Addressed: -

• Use principles of directing & controlling for implementing the plans

3) Proposed Methodology: -
The proposed methodology for studying directing at the supervisory level
includes a literature review, case studies, surveys, interviews, observational
studies, training program analysis, performance metrics assessment, cross-
cultural analysis, benchmarking, and a continuous feedback mechanism.

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 4) Action Plan: -
SR DETAILS OF PLANNED PLANNED NAME OF
NO. ACTIVITY START FINISH DATE RESPONSIBLE
DATE TEAM
MEMBERS
1 Information 15/01/2024 20/01/2024 Shrinivas
Search
Jahagirdar
Yash Teredesai
2 Compilation of Data 21/01/2024 28/01/2024 Shrinivas
Jahagirdar
Yash Teredesai
Parth Joshi
3 Group Discussion 29/01/2024 05/02/2024 Shrinivas
Jahagirdar
Yash Teredesai
Parth Joshi
4 Taking reference 06/02/2024 10/02/2024 Parth Joshi
Shrinivas
Jahagirdar
5 Executions 11/02/2024 20/02/2024 Shrinivas
Jahagirdar
Yash Teredesai
6 Compilation of 21/02/2024 10/03/2024 Yash Teredesai
Reports Parth Joshi
7 Presentation 01/03/2024 10/03/2024 All Members

8 Report Submission 11/03/2024 15/03/2024 All Member

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 5) Resources Used: -
SR NAME OF SPECIFICATION REMARKS
NO. RESOURCES /
MATERIALS
1 INTERNET https://www.wikipedia.org AVAILABLE
2 BOOK NIRALI PRAKASHAN, AVAILABLE
TECHMAX
3 SOFTWARE NOTEPAD AVAILABLE

Name of Student Members:-

1. Shrinivas Jahagirdar - 03
2. Yash Teredesai - 12
3. Parth Joshi – 32

(Mrs. Pratibha Lotlikar)

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 REPORT

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1) Rationale: -
The examination of directing at the supervisory level is rooted in its fundamental
significance within the organizational framework. Supervisors, as frontline leaders,
are key drivers in translating high-level goals into actionable plans and ensuring
that these directives align with the broader strategic vision. By delving into the
intricacies of directing at this level, organizations gain insights into the dynamics
that shape employee productivity and morale. Effective communication, conflict
resolution, and the ability to navigate change are critical aspects studied,
recognizing their direct impact on maintaining a cohesive work environment.
Furthermore, the study contributes to leadership development, helping
organizations identify essential competencies for effective supervision and
fostering a culture of continuous improvement and innovation. The rationale thus
lies in the multifaceted impact that directing at the supervisory level has on
organizational success and growth.

2) Aims of Micro Project: -

Directing at the supervisory level aims to achieve organizational goals, enhance
productivity, improve morale, adapt to change, resolve conflicts, and ensure
quality output. The benefits include increased efficiency, motivated teams,
adaptability, conflict resolution, high-quality results, and alignment with the
organizational vision.

3) Course Outcomes Addressed: -

 Use principles of directing & controlling for implementing the plans

4) Actual Methodology Followed: -

The actual methodology for studying directing at the supervisory level includes a
literature review, case studies, surveys, interviews, observational studies, training
program analysis, performance metrics assessment, cross-cultural analysis,
benchmarking, and a continuous feedback mechanism.

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5) Resources Required: -
SR NAME OF SPECIFICATION REMARKS
NO. RESOURCES /
MATERIALS
1 INTERNET https://www.wikipedia.org AVAILABLE

2 BOOK NIRALI PRAKASHAN, AVAILABLE

TECHMAX
3 SOFTWARE NOTEPAD AVAILABLE

6) Literature Review: -
The literature review on supervisory directing explores foundational concepts
from early management theorists like Fayol and Taylor, incorporating insights
from contemporary behavioral and leadership theories. Examining communication
strategies, conflict resolution, and decision-making processes, the review
integrates organizational communication perspectives. Additionally, it delves into
employee development, training programs, and the use of performance metrics.
Cross-cultural influences are considered, providing a nuanced understanding of
directing's multifaceted nature. This synthesis offers valuable insights for effective
supervisory practices and leadership development within organizations.

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7) Output of the Micro Project: -
DIRECTING:-
Directing is an important managerial function that initiates action. As a function
of management, directing is concerned with instructing, guiding, supervising
and inspiring the employees to achieve the predetermined objectives.
Direction in this way is the heart of management in action. Direction is the
function of all managers and is an ongoing activity. Direction is called
management in action. Direction serves as link between planning and control.
Directing is one of the principal elements of management along with planning,
organising and controlling. Directing is a very essential function which helps
ensure that the employees perform to the best of their abilities and achieve the
organisational goals effectively.
The lack of a direction in an organisation will result in the employees being
clueless about what to do next and will increase inefficiency, thereby resulting in a
devastating impact on the business and revenue generation.

MEANING:-
Directing is defined as that management function that provides the guidance and
direction to the employees of the organisation that enables them to perform
effectively and efficiently for the development of the organisation.
Directing refers to the process of instructing, guiding, counselling, motivating
and leading people in the organisation to achieve its objectives.

CHARACTERISTICS OF DIRECTING:-
 Directing initiates action:-
 Directing is a key managerial function. While other functions prepare a
setting for action, directing initiates action in the organisation. All
organisational activities whether long term or short term gets initiated
through direction.

 Directing takes place at every level of management:-

 Every manager, from top executive to supervisor performs the function
of directing.Thus directing is required at all levels of management and
it takes place wherever superior-subordinate relations exist.

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 Directing is a continuous process:-
 Directing is a managerial process which takes place throughout the life
of an organisation. A manager has to continuously guide, supervise
and motivate his subordinates

 Directing flows from top to bottom:-

 Directing is first initiated at top level and flows to the bottom through
organisational hierarchy.Every manager can direct his immediate
subordinate and take instructions from his immediate boss.

IMPORTANCE OF DIRECTING:-
 Directing initiates action:-
 Directing consists of the life spark of an enterprise and set it into
action. It helps to initiate action by people in the organisation towards
attainment of desired objectives. It is the directing function which starts
actual work to convert plans into results.

 Directing integrates employees efforts:-

 Directing integrates employees efforts in the organisation in such a
way that every individual effort contributes to the organisational
performance. By giving effective and accurate instructions, guidance,
motivation etc the management can integrate the efforts of employees.

 Direction is a means of motivation:-

 Directing consists of motivating subordinates to work very well and to
contribute their maximum to the achievement of organisational objectives. It
helps to utilize employee’s abilities to the maximum and boost their morale
by properly motivating them.

 Directing facilitates changes in the organisation:-

 A business operates in changing environment. Every time new situations
develop, they need to be tackled. A proper direction will help to make
the organization dynamic and responsive to new environments.
Effective directing through motivation, leadership and communication
helps to reduce resistance from employees.

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ELEMENTS OF DIRECTION:-
The process of directing involves guiding, coaching, instructing, motivating,
leading the people in an organisation to achieve organisational objectives.
The elements of directing are:-
1.Supervision
2. Motivation
3. Leadership
4. Communication

1. Supervision: Supervision is the next step after information is conveyed by

the supervisor to the employees regarding the work that needs to be done. It is
that stage where the supervisor oversees if the subordinates are following what
has been instructed to them.
Managers act as supervisors and they ensure that the work is going as per their
instructions. It is the duty of a supervisor to make sure that all instructions are
properly followed and the subordinates are doing as they are instructed.
Supervisors act as problem solvers of the subordinates regarding any issues with
the instructions or the process.

2. Motivation: Motivation is one of the key elements of directing. Issuing of

order to the subordinates by the supervisor does not guarantee that it will be
followed exactly as was asked for.
For getting the desired outcome, the employees need to be motivated by the
managers which leads to the task being completed efficiently. Motivation is a force
that makes an individual perform to the best of his abilities in order to complete a
set of tasks or instructions.
Motivation can be in the form of monetary gains such as incentives or bonus, it can
be non-monetary such as appreciation or growth.

3. Leadership: Leadership is that element of directing that involves motivation

and persuasion in order to achieve the desired goals. A leader is defined as a
person who is able to influence other people and inspires them to follow the
instructions provided.
In other words, leadership is the act of leading, guiding and motivating the
subordinates to achieve the organisational goals.

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4. Communication: Communication is one of the most basic functions of
management, it is the process by which a piece of information is transferred from
one person to another in an organisation. The person who conveys the information
is known as the sender and the one to whom the information is conveyed is known
as the receiver.
The purpose of communication in an organisation is to send across any set of
instructions, orders or information related to the improvement of the operational
efficiency.
Communication is essential for conveying the state of performance of the
employees and ways to improve them. Proper communication occurs when
subordinates understand what was conveyed to them by the supervisor and act
accordingly, whereas miscommunication occurs when the information conveyed
is not clear and understandable, leading to misunderstanding and loss of
performance.
Communication can always be two sided, where the flow of information is from
supervisor to subordinates and vice versa.

8) Reference: -

Book – Nirali Prakashan.

9) Conclusion: -
In conclusion, the literature review on supervisory directing reveals a
comprehensive understanding of this managerial function. Integrating foundational
principles with contemporary insights, it emphasizes the crucial role of
communication, decision-making, employee development, and performance
metrics. The recognition of cross-cultural influences highlights the importance of
cultural sensitivity. This synthesis equips organizations to navigate dynamic
environments, fostering effective leadership and aligning actions with strategic
goals for sustained success in modern management.

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