Prelims & Mains

Daily Live @ 8 Am By Rahul Bhardwaj

Rahul Bhardwaj Official

https://t.me/upsc_rahulbhardwaj
Revised Estimates (RE) 2023-24
● RE of the total receipts other than borrowings is Rs.27.56 lakh crore, of which
the tax receipts are Rs.23.24 lakh crore.
● RE of the total expenditure is Rs.44.90 lakh crore.
● Revenue receipts at Rs.30.03 lakh crore are expected to be higher than the
Budget Estimate, reflecting strong growth momentum and formalization in the
economy.
● RE of the fiscal deficit is 5.8 per cent of GDP for 2023-24.
Budget Estimates 2024-25
● Total receipts other than borrowings and the total expenditure are estimated at
Rs.30.80 and Rs.47.66 lakh crore respectively.
● Tax receipts are estimated at Rs.26.02 lakh crore.
● Fiscal deficit in 2024-25 is estimated to be 5.1 per cent of GDP
● Gross and net market borrowings through dated securities during 2024-25 are
estimated at Rs.14.13 and Rs.11.75 lakh crore respectively.
●
● Focused on four major castes:, ‘Garib’ (Poor),
‘Mahilayen’ (Women), ‘Yuva’ (Youth) and
‘Annadata’(Farmer).
●
● An approach to development that is all-round,
all-pervasive and all-inclusive. It covers all castes
and people at all levels.
●
● Development programmes, in the last ten years, have
targeted each and every household and individual,
through ‘housing for all’, ‘hargharjal’, electricity
for all, cooking gas for all, bank accounts and
financial services for all, in record time
●
● “We are working to make India a ‘Viksit Bharat’ by
2047. For achieving that goal, we need to improve
people’s capability and empower them”.
● The capital expenditure outlay for the next
year is being increased by 11.1 per cent to
Rs 11,11,111 crore, which would be 3.4% of
the GDP.
●
● The massive tripling of the capital
expenditure outlay in the past 4 years
resulting in huge multiplier impact on
economic growth and employment creation.
●
● The scheme of fifty-year interest free loan
for capital expenditure to states will be
continued this year with total outlay of Rs1.3
lakh crore.
For promoting climate
resilient activities for
blue economy 2.0, a
scheme for restoration
and adaptation measures,
and coastal aquaculture
and mariculture with
integrated and
multi-sectoral approach
will be launched
● Blue economy can simply refer to economic activities related to the sea
and the coasts, with an element of sustainability in it.
●
● World Bank says blue economy is the “sustainable use of ocean
resources for economic growth, improved livelihoods, and jobs while
preserving the health of ocean ecosystem.”
●
● For a country like India, with a long coastline, diversity in terms of fish and
other ocean produce, and multiple tourism opportunities, blue economy is
highly significant.
●
● Restoration and adaptation will ensure the health of the oceans is not
harmed while carrying out economic activities.
● While aquaculture is a broad term that refers to the farming of aquatic
plants and animals, mariculture refers to rearing and harvesting marine
creatures in salt water.
●
● The setting up of 5 integrated aquaparks, and said the Pradhan
Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) would be stepped up
to “enhance aquaculture productivity from the existing three to
five tonnes per hectare; double exports to Rs 1 lakh crore; and
generate 55 lakh employment opportunities in the near future.”
●
● The Budget document refers to blue economy 2.0. A draft
policy framework on India’s Blue Economy was first released
in July 2022. According to PIB, the policy document contained
“key recommendations on National Accounting Framework
for Blue Economy and Ocean Governance, Coastal Marine
Spatial Planning and Tourism Priority, Marine Fisheries,
Aquaculture and Fish Processing. Manufacturing,
Emerging Industries, Trade, Technology, Services and Skill
Development, Logistics, Infrastructure and Shipping,
Coastal and Deep-Sea Mining and Offshore Energy and
Security, Strategic Dimensions and International
Engagement.”
●
● Through rooftop solarization, one crore households will be enabled to obtain up to 300
units free electricity every month.
●
● To promote green growth, a new scheme of bio-manufacturing and
bio-foundry will be launched. This, Sitharaman said "will provide environment
friendly alternatives such as biodegradable polymers, bio-plastics,
bio-pharmaceuticals and bio-agri-inputs."
● Phased mandatory blending of compressed biogas (CBG) in compressed natural gas (CNG)
for transport and piped natural gas (PNG) for domestic purposes to be mandated.
Railways
● 3 major economic railway corridor programmes identified under the PM Gati Shakti to be
implemented to improve logistics efficiency and reduce cost
○ Energy, mineral and cement corridors
○ Port connectivity corridors
○ High traffic density corridors
● Forty thousand normal rail bogies to be converted to Vande Bharat standards.
Aviation Sector
● Number of airports in the country doubled to 149.
● Five hundred and seventeen new routes are carrying 1.3 crore passengers.
● Indian carriers have placed orders for over 1000 new aircrafts.
●
● The death of the last male in 2018 made the extinction of the northern
white rhino an inevitability. But already in 2015, a group of 20 scientists
from five continents had launched an audacious and expensive
project to rebuild the subspecies through in vitro fertilisation (IVF).
●
● Last week, the scientists announced the first-ever rhino pregnancy
achieved by transferring a lab-made rhino embryo into a surrogate mother
●
● The international consortium of scientists, named BioRescue, is
confident that the success can be replicated with 30 embryos of the
northern white stored in liquid nitrogen. However, rebuilding a species is
easier said than done.
●
● In this case, since the embryos are all from eggs harvested from two
females and sperm taken from a few deceased zoo males, even multiple
successes with IVF and surrogacy cannot build a gene pool large enough
for a viable northern white population.
●
● One solution is to broaden the breeding pool by creating sperm and eggs
from stem cells extracted from preserved tissue samples stored in zoos.
The science has worked in lab mice, but it may not be easily replicable in
rhinos.
● The white rhinoceros, white rhino or
square-lipped rhinoceros (Ceratotherium
simum) is the largest extant species of rhinoceros.
● It has a wide mouth used for grazing and is the
most social of all rhino species.
●
● The white rhinoceros consists of two subspecies:
the southern white rhinoceros, with an estimated
16,803 wild-living animals, and the much rarer
northern white rhinoceros.
●
● The northern subspecies has very few remaining
individuals, with only two confirmed left in 2018
(two females: Fatu, 18 and Najin, 29), both in
captivity. Sudan, the world's last known male
Northern white rhinoceros, died in Kenya on 19
March 2018 at age 45.
 ANWI- Answer Writing Initiative for IAS Mains:
Investments in infrastructure and Productive capacity have a
large multiplier impact on growth and employment. Discuss

बु नयादी ढांचे और उत्पादक क्षमता में नवेश का वकास और रोजगार पर कई

गुना प्रभाव पड़ता है । चचार्चा करें

Word Limit: 150 Words

Marks: 10 Marks
Rahul Bhardwaj Official

https://t.me/upsc_rahulbhardwaj