Script in Filtration

What’s up, STEM Students! I will be your teacher for a moment as we explore the
process of FILTRATION, one of the simplest techniques in separation method
under General Chemistry. All you need to do is sit back, observe, and enjoy
watching!

So at the end of our discussion, you are expected to

1. Understand the concept of filtration.
2. Differentiate filter, filtrate, and residue in demonstrating filtration experiments.
3. Appreciate the importance of filtration method in daily life.

I know most of you are already familiar with the term filtration and I am here to
deepen your understanding about its concept.

Filtration is the process of separating solid from liquid or gas using a filtering
membrane. Filtration occurs with the use of both machines and handy items like
paper and cloth.

The first type of filtration to be used were Ceramic filters dating back to 2000
BCE. Humans have always had a deep-rooted desire for clean water. For thousands
of years, plant materials and rushes were used as basic filters. The first ceramic
filters were made out of porous clay jars and were utilized by the ancient
Egyptians. This exposure leads to several innovation and development of filters
with different uses up to this day.

Filtration happens every day around the world. A common example of this is
cooking spaghetti noodles. It shows filtration when we pour the spaghetti noodles
with water in a strainer or colander which serves as a filter. Waste water runs
through the holes and the noodles are captured in the colander.
On the other hand, do you know the simplest form of filtration in chemistry and is
used widely in chemical laboratories? Let’s talk about gravity filtration. In gravity
filtration, the solid is trapped by the filter and the filtrate is collected through the
funnel into the flask. Are you wondering how it works? Come on, lets try it. Let
the battle between solid and liquid begin! But wait, I need to transform myself into,
a scientist!

Today, I will show you how to do gravity filtration, but this time, I will use cloth
as a filter instead of paper. So I have here a beaker containing warm water, a piece
of cloth, ground coffee, and another empty beaker. To start with, get the piece of
cloth. Make two folds and place it on the mouth of the empty beaker. Place the
ground coffee on the piece of cloth. After this, pour the warm water on the filter
with ground coffee. Watch it drip through the cloth, then observe what will happen
next.

Look, the warm water transforms into a brewed coffee when it passes through a
piece of cloth. The ground coffee cannot pass through the piece of cloth and left on
the filter. This is because the holes in the piece of cloth are smaller than the
particles of the ground coffee. The ground coffee is the residue, and brewed coffee
is the filtrate.

That’s it. I hope this simple experiment has made you clearly understand how
filtration works as a separation method. In this experiment, we determine which
one is the filter, filtrate, and residue. Filter serves as the barrier used to separate
solid from liquid. The liquid that passes through the filter is called filtrate while the
insoluble solid or particles that left on the filter is called residue. Try this activity
to enhance more your learning. You must identify the filter, filtrate, and residue
from the given filtration method.
1. Wheat flour and water were separated using filter paper.
2. Extraction of blended apples and grapes using a cloth and the resulting juice will
be used in wine making.
3. Polluted air passes through the high-efficiency particulate arrestor (HEPA) to
remove air pollutants such as dust and pollen.
Now, let me assess what have you learn from this lesson by answering the
following questions. Write the letter of the correct answer.
1. It is the process of separating solids from liquids or gases.
A. Decantation
B. Filteration
C. Magnetic Separation
D. Filtration

2. The fluid that passes through a filtering membrane is what we

called__________.
A. Residue
B. Liquid
C. Filtrate
D. Impurities
3. This type of filtration is practiced by the ancient Egyptians way back 2000
B.C.E?
A. Ceramic filters
B. Gravel and sand filters
C. HEPA filters
D. Crossflow filters
4. The following are examples of filtration, except______________.
A. Juice straining
B. Preparation of infusions
C. Flour sieving
D. None of the above
5. It is the simplest form of filtration which traps the solid using filter and the
filtrate is collected.
A. Cloth filtration
B. Gravity Filtration
C. Force Filtration
D. Plastic filtration

All right, well done! Knowing that filtration is applied and widely used in different
aspects of living, this method provides a safer place to humans as it filters the air
we breathe and the water we consume. It also creates a sense of practicality as
people creates or innovates something that can be used as filters on the mixture
that we want to separate without the use of machines. I hope your knowledge is
now fully equipped for you to demonstrate your own filtration method. I am now
closing this topic and be ready for your next lesson. Bye bye!