Research methodology

Computer programming
 University of Ziane Achour (Djelfa) Faculty of Arts &
Languages - English Department

G1: Ben Mohamed safia

  Abstract_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 01
 Intoduction_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _02
 Chapter:01
How to build career as a programmer without college degree ? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _03
a. There are steps to bcoming a programmer:
b. Self-learning
c. Online certifications

 Chapter:02
Fields of Programming_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _04
a. Open source software development
b. Web developer
c. Application developer
d. Machine learning
e. Data science
 Chapter:03
Languages of programming_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ __ _ _05
a. HTML and CSS
b. Python
c. Java
d. JavaScript
e. Swift
f. C++
g. C#
 Chapter:04
Why Is it Important to Know About Computer Programming?_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 06
Chapter:05
Coding and programming careers have great earning potential _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 07
 Chapter:06
What Is the Future Impact of Computer Programming? _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___08
 Chapter:07
Some programmers_ _ _ _ _ _ ___ __ I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ __ _ _ 09

 Conclusion_ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ 10

 Sources:___ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ 11
Abstract:
The most wanted and shortage field
In the world .it wasn’t long ago that programming was seen
by many as an odd hobby for geeks tinkering with computers
in their basements. But over the past several years, coding has
progressed from a hobby to a critical career skill. Even better
for those hobbyists? Employers have shown a willingness to
pay a premium for the work of employees with coding and
programming ability. No previous programming experience
required. You will need to be comfortable with your primary

computer
Skills, such as managing files, running programs, and using a
web browser to navigate the internet
 That is, the topic is linked to skill and experience, meaning
your degree is your competence without the need for an
institute or college because educational content is widely
available on the internet in addition to the availability of work
as a freelancer.
introduction

. At its most basic, computer programming is little more than

a set of instructions to facilitate specific actions Based on the

requirements or purposes of these instructions, computer

programming can be as simple as adding two numbers. It can
also be as complex as reading data from temperature sensors
to adjust a thermostat, sorting data to complete intricate
scheduling or critical reports or taking players through multi-
layered worlds and challenges in games . The hope is that the
computer program will become such a widely adopted system
that it needs long-term support, particularly to extend its
current functionality," Frederick said. "The terms computer

Chapter:01
How to build career as a programmer
without college degree ?
There are steps to bcoming a programmer:
 Choose one of the branches of programming that you
want to learn and find your passion in
 Determine the programming languages that serve this
field
 If you do not have and knowledge on the computer,
then you should take a ICDL course
 Learn basics of programming
Self-learning
The first step to become a programmer without any
college degree is by acquiring new skills on your own.
There are a number of online courses and platforms that
teach you how to code. You can read books, create
personal projects, or watch YouTube videos. Choose
a programming language that you are comfortable with
and start educating yourself.
Online certifications
While a college degree looks good on a resume, if you
don't have one, you can opt for earning online
certifications. There are plenty of options to choose
from. You should opt for an online program that comes
with a certification exam. Here are top platforms that
offer online courses and certifications:
-MIT OpenCourseWare: This platform offers a
comprehensive selection of entry level programming
courses. You can kick off your training with introduction
to computer science and programming.
-EdEx: The online platform is supported by MIT and
Harvard University. You can find a lot of certification
courses that are delivered by the top faculties of these
prestigious universities.
-Codeacademy: This e-learning platform is known for the
quality of its content. Codeacademy has courses for
some of the most common programming languages as
well.
-freeCodeCamp: This platform offers multiple online
certifications. The certification courses on web
technologies are well-researched and detailed.
Chapter:02
Fields of Programming
 Open source software development
You can try looking for appropriate open source projects
listed in

Github
Bitbucket
SourceForge
OpenHatch
Google Open Source
Open source collaboration experience enhances your resume.
It’s a great platform to get connected with established
programmers and developers all round the world. You would
definitely pride on working with a team of developers who
fixed issues and built a tool that’s being used by thousands of
people daily.

 Google Summer of Code(GSoC)

 Web development

Web development is developing a website for the internet,

mostly by writing markup and coding. One must have a good
command over HTML, CSS, JavaScript, web 2.0 skills (e.g. Ajax)
and server –side technologies (e.g. PHP, Ruby on Rails).
 Application development
It refers to creation of computer applications for use on
mobile devices such as tablets, smart phones and smart
watches.
Java, python, objective c, swift, HTML5 are the most popular
programming languages used by app-developers today.

Developer.android.com and video lectures (e.g. like the

complete android bootcamp course) at udemy, udacity, etc.
are reliable training resources. Simultaneously, try for some
mini projects.
The demand for mobile-app development has tremendously
increased in today’s IT sector. Worry not if you excel in this
field because there’s a whole bunch of recruiters waiting out
there for you!
  Machine learning

Machine learning is an application of artificial intelligence (AI)

that provides systems the ability to automatically learn and
improve from experience without being explicitly
programmed. It focuses on the development of computer

programs that can access data and use it to learn for

themselves.

Knowing SQL, statistics and python is a must. Explore python

data manipulation libraries (e.g. ‘numpy’ and ‘pandas’), data
visualization libraries (e.g. ‘Matpotlib’ and ‘seaborn’) and new
complex algorithms. Follow blogs and articles on ML to stay
updated.
 Data science
Data science is a multidisciplinary blend of data
inference, algorithm development and
technology in order to solve analytically complex
 problems.

Data scientists are much in demand by each industry-

business, e-commerce, finance, government, social
networking, healthcare and telecommunications. Other job
titles related to data science and the average salary for each
position is as follows:

Chapter: 03
Languages of programming
Computer programming languages allow us to give instructions
to a computer in a language the computer understands. Just as
many human-based languages exist, there are an array of
computer programming languages that programmers can use to
communicate with a computer. The portion of the language that a
computer can understand is called a “binary.” Translating
programming language into binary is known as “compiling.” Each
language, from C Language to Python, has its own distinct
features, though many times there are commonalities between
programming languages.
 HTML and CSS
 Python
 Java
 JavaScript
 Swift
 C++
 C#
HTML and CSS

Yes, we’re beginning this list by combining two

different programming languages under a single header.
That’s because while HTML and CSS certainly aren’t the
same thing, they are complementary languages that
function best when used in tandem — so learning them
both is a great place to start. HTML and CSS are
commonly used in web development. HTML (HyperText
Markup Language) dictates the content and structure of a
webpage, while CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) modifies the
overall visual design and aesthetic of the HTML elements.
Both are extremely useful when creating webpages and
both make a great introduction to coding.

Python

Python is one of the most widely used programming

languages in the world. This is, in part, thanks to its
versatility. Python is considered a multi-paradigm coding
language, which means that it allows programmers to
take different approaches to achieve their goals, including
procedural, functional, and object-oriented programming.
One thing that really adds to Python’s popularity is its
readability.
Java

From server-side applications to Android mobile

games, Java is a powerful code that any programmer
would benefit from learning. Java’s motto is “write once;
run anywhere.” What does that mean? It means that
Java is a useful option for cross-platform coding. Java is
supported by a robust community and set of tools. If you
want to focus on design and structure but don’t want to
spend as much time on memory management or system
details, then Java may be the right language for you.

JavaScript

In terms of popularity, you really can’t do better than

JavaScript. Outpacing even HTML among professional
developers, JavaScript is useful for both frontend and
backend development. Additionally, JavaScript is also
becoming a go-to language for Internet of Things (IoT)
development. Along with HTML and CSS, JavaScript is
considered a core technology that powers the World Wide
Web.
Swift

Want to program for Macs? Then Swift is an

absolute must. Swift was developed by Apple specifically
for use with macOS, iOS, watchOS, and tvOS. And because
Apple is such a big player in the mobile device arena,
Switch has also become an essential part of the IoT stack.

C++

Designed to function as a more powerful version of the

original C language, C++ (computer programming names
are just like that) takes the advantages of C and adds
classes. This multi-paradigm language supports
procedural, generic, and object-oriented programming,
along with data abstraction. C++ is extremely fast and has
become a popular choice in applications, gaming, and
animation software development.
C#

Made to resemble Java in many respects, C#

(pronounced C sharp) is a language designed for
developing apps on the Microsoft platform. C# is part of
the .Net framework on Windows and is a general-purpose
language that is flexible, powerful, and easy to learn.

Chapter:04
Why Is it Important
to Know About
Computer
Programming?
If you are thinking
about earning your
computer
programming degree,
you will need to know about programming languages,
classes, functions and commands. You will create
applications, software or different programs. In addition,
you may create programs that need to work on various
operating systems such as iOS or Android. Those programs
have different functions and classes, which means they rely
on different programming languages.
All applications on the web are created using computer
programming. The languages used in each application you
have range from similar to vastly different. Additionally,
some languages create things that are running in the
background, so you do not even know they are there.
Learning computer programming languages allows you to be
a versatile computer programmer.

Chapter:05
Coding and programming careers have great earning
potential

One of the strongest and most obvious draws of learning to

code is the earning potential for coding and programming
professionals. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) tracks salary
and other important workforce information for a variety of
careers.

Take a look at the BLS’ 2019 median annual salary information

for these coding and programming-related professions:1

 Web developers: $73,760

 Network and computer systems administrators: $83,510
 Computer programmers: $86,550
 Database administrators: $93,750
 Software developers: $107,510

To put it into perspective, the national average for all

occupations in 2019 was $39,810.1 As you can see, careers
that involve some programming, coding or scripting skills tend
to come with above-average salaries.
Chapter:06
What Is the Future Impact of Computer
Programming?
Technology production is an essential part of an evolving
world. This means that computer programming is
exceptionally important for our future as a global society.
Computer programming degree graduates can help create
this future by automating processes, collecting data,
analyzing information and sharing knowledge to
continuously innovate and improve upon existing processes.

This means that, while computer programming is extremely

important today, it may be even more impactful in the
future. As computer programmers across the world work to
learn new ways of communicating with machines and
computers, the field will continue to grow. Earning your
computer programming degree now means you can be part
of that research and testing to develop functions that can
help society.

Chapter:07
Some programmers
We see that the businessmen, the richest in the world, who
have helped change the lives we live now, were programmers
  Bill Gates (Microsoft co-founder)
 James Gosling (Java Creator)
 Richard Stallman (GNU Project Creator)
 Bjarne Stroustrup (C++ Creator)
 Tim Berners-Lee (HTML and WWW inventor)
 Ken Thompson (UNIX Co-Creator)
 Linus Torvalds (Linux Kernel Creator)
 Dennis Ritchie (C Programming language creator)
 Jack Dorsey (Twitter Creator)
 Ruchi Sanghvi (FB’s first female engineer)
 Drew Houston (Dropbox Creator)
 Mark Zuckerberg (FB Creator)

conclusion
Computer programming is important today because so
much of our world is automated. Humans need to be able to
control the interaction between people and machines. Since
computers and machines are able to do things so efficiently
and accurately, we use computer programming to harness
that computing power. For example, when we go to will
robots take my job.com
website and write taxi driver the result is 89%, which is
normal because there are so-called self-driving cars, and
there is a lot of competition about it.
But when we write software developer the result is 13%.

This is because a robot cannot replace a human , and it is

the only one that can enter codes into a computer.
Sources:
https://www.snhu.edu/
https://www.usnews.com/
https://www.rasmussen.edu/
https://www.computerscience.org/
https://www.techgig.com/
https://devmountain.com/
https://www.indeed.com/career-advice/
https://www.clio.com/