PROJECT

on
CARDIAC SPECIALTY HOSPITAL DESIGN

A Report submitted in partial fulfilment for the Degree of

Post Graduate Diploma in Infrastructure Management

Submitted By,

SHERWIN JIGESH
Reg No: K18IM018

Under the Guidance of:

Ar. JAYALAXMI S BARAKER

Head of Department
Interior Design

Dr Kariappa School of Arts and Design

Plot no: 45-48, 2nd Phase, Apparel Park, Doddaballapur – 561203

Approved by AICTE

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 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the Integrated Report entitled ‘CARDIAC SPECIALTY

HOSPITAL DESIGN’ submitted to AICTE in partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the award of degree of Post Graduate Diploma in Infrastructure Management by
MR. SHERWIN JIGESH Reg No. K18IM018
*This design thesis report in full or in part has not formed the basis for the award of
any degree or diploma to any other University or Institute*

Ar. Jayalaxmi S. Baraker Dr. Girish N.C. & Director

H.O.D-Interior Design Department Principle,
Vogue Institute of Art and Design, Vogue Institute of Art and Design,
Doddaballapur-561203 Doddaballapur-561203

Examiner:
Name Signature

1.

2.

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 DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Design Thesis titled ‘CARDIAC SPECIALTY HOSPITAL
DESIGN’ submitted to AICTE for partial fulfilment of requirement for Post Graduate
Diploma in Infrastructure Management course was conducted by me at Dr.
Kariappa School of Art and Design, Doddaballapur under the guidance of Ar.
Jayalaxmi S Baraker. The report has not been previously submitted for any other
degree of any university.

Place: Bangalore Name & Signature: SHERWIN JIGESH

Date: Reg. No. K18IM018

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 ABSTRACT
Cardiology is a branch of medicine that deals with the disorders of the heart as well as
some parts of the circulatory system. The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment
of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease
and radiology. This project describes the design of a Cardiac Speciality Hospital in
India. The design is able to create a hospital that maximized patient dignity and privacy
on one hand, and the ability of staff to observe all patient activity on the other. An
indoor-outdoor dayroom allows patients to go outside whenever they choose, while
allowing staff to continue observing them. The hospital is designed to foster the
acquisition of social, emotional, cognitive, and behavioural skills that will help patients
to safely return to their communities.

AIM
The aim of this thesis is to understand the method and steps that need to be followed
while designing a cardiac speciality hospital. It also gives knowledge on the basic
requirements and standards of a hospital design.

OBJECTIVE
The objective of this thesis is better understanding of how a hospital should be designed,
along with a look into its standards and requirements. The thesis provides a clearer
vision of a cardiac speciality hospital in India.

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 INTRODUCTION

A hospital is a health care institution providing patient treatment with specialized

medical and nursing staff and medical equipment. The best-known type of hospital is
the general hospital, which typically has an emergency department to treat urgent health
problems ranging from fire and accident victims to a sudden illness. A district hospital
typically is the major health care facility in its region, with many beds for intensive
care and additional beds for patients who need long-term care. Specialized hospitals
include trauma centers, rehabilitation hospitals, children's hospitals, and hospitals
for dealing with specific medical needs such as psychiatric treatment and
certain disease categories. Specialized hospitals can help reduce health care costs
compared to general hospitals. Hospitals are classified as general, specialty, or
government depending on the sources of income received.

A teaching hospital combines assistance to people with teaching to medical students

and nurses. A medical facility smaller than a hospital is generally called a clinic.
Hospitals have a range of departments (e.g. surgery and urgent care) and specialist units
such as cardiology. Some hospitals have outpatient departments and some have chronic
treatment units. Common support units include a pharmacy, pathology, and
radiology.

Hospitals are usually funded by the public sector, health organisations (for profit
or non-profit, health insurance companies, or charities, including direct charitable
donations. Historically, hospitals were often founded and funded by religious
orders, or by charitable individuals and leaders.

Currently, hospitals are largely staffed by professional physicians, surgeons, nurses,

and allied health practitioners, whereas in the past, this work was usually performed by
the members of founding religious orders or by volunteers. However, there are various
Catholic religious orders, such as the Alexians and the Bon Secours Sisters that still
focus on hospital ministry in the late 1990s, as well as several other Christian
denominations, including the Methodists and Lutherans, which run hospitals. In
accordance with the original meaning of the word, hospitals were originally "places of
hospitality", and this meaning is still preserved in the names of some institutions such
as the Royal Hospital Chelsea, established in 1681 as a retirement and nursing home
for veteran soldiers.

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 CARDIAC SPECIALTY HOSPITAL

Specialist Cardiac Hospital has highly experienced and renowned team of Cardiologists
and cardiac Surgeons who practice with compassion to cater to the needs of a growing
population with Heart ailments.

They are at the forefront of their respective areas of clinical practice and work with a
team of professionals that include specialist cardiac nurses, cardiac physiologists and
cardiac radiographers. Specialist Cardiac Centre provides access to a team of vascular
surgeons with expertise in the management of vascular disease. Together, they provide
experience and skills across every aspect of cardiovascular disease management, from
outpatient consultation, diagnosis and screening, through to performing complex
vascular and cardiology procedures.

Specialised hospitals can help reduce health care costs compared to general hospitals.
For example, Narayana Health’s Bangalore cardiac unit, which is specialised in cardiac
surgery, allows for significantly greater number of patients. It has 3000 beds (more than
20 times the average American hospital) and in paediatric heart surgery alone, it
performs 3000 heart operations annually, making it by far the largest such facility in
the world. Surgeons are paid on a fixed salary instead of per operation; thus, the costs
to the hospital drops when the number of procedures increases, taking advantage of
economies of scale. Additionally, it is argued that costs go down as all its specialists
become efficient by working on one "production line" procedure.

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 ELEMENTS AND DIVISIONS OF THE HOSPITAL

1. Administration division.

2. Outpatient’s division, includes;

• Outpatient clinics
• Pharmacy
• Emergency reception
3. Diagnostic services division, includes;
• Laboratories
• Radiology (diagnostic)
4. Therapeutic services division, includes;
• Physical Therapy
• Radiology (therapeutic)
5. Internal medical treatment division, includes;
• Operation Theatres
• Intensive Care Unit
6. Inpatient division, includes;
• Patient wards
• Nurses wards
• Inpatient services
7. General service division, includes;
• Kitchen
• Laundry
• Storages
• Mechanical services
• Mortuary
• Security
• Parking
• Landscaping

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 DESIGN APPROACH

GENERAL DESIGN BASIS ILLUSTRATED WITH BUBBLE DIAGRAM

1. Administration division
• Very close to main entrance of the hospital
• Entrance area, registration, accounts should face the entrance, while
the manager should be back for privacy.

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 2. Outpatient’s division

• Very close to the main entrance of the hospital.

• Close to the diagnostic services (labs and x-rays).
• Close to the pharmacy.

3. Diagnostic services division

• Very close to emergency department and external clinics.
• Easily accessible from internal division.

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 • Easily accessible from surgery departments.
• Accessibility from central storages.

4. Therapeutic services division

• Close to the main entrance of the hospital
• Easily accessible from external clinics
• Easily accessible from internal divisions
• Must be in ground floor

5. Internal medical treatment division

• Very close to intensive care division and should be touchable to both of them.
• Very close to centralization division of the hospital
• Close to inpatient wards
• Can be easily accessible from the emergency division.

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 CONCEPT BOARD

My concept for the design project is ‘Natural Aesthetics In Patient Healing’

"Nature images result in less pain and lower diastolic blood pressure. And if people
feel better, they may heal faster."
The beneficial impact of nature as a healing element is well-documented. Spending
time in the great outdoors tends to reduce stress and anxiety, leading to a soothed
mind that creates a better foundation for physical and mental healing. In a study that
compared patients while walking through forested areas versus urban areas, the
patients showed lower blood pressure, lower pulse rates and lower cortisol levels after
spending time in more natural surroundings.

Employees of medical organizations also can benefit from access to nature. Simple as
it may seem — especially when compared with the remarkable inventions of modern
medicine — many organizations are still demonstrating nature’s power to help heal
patients.

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 Studies show nature is a therapeutic distraction, and even short-term exposure to it
can reduce stress. Research shows the stress of an unpleasant hospital or healthcare
environment can cause a patient to feel anxious, sad, or helpless. A pleasing
environment, including scenes of nature, is associated with more positive feelings.
Research shows trees, plants, water, and other natural elements can soothe a patient’s
discomfort and stress. Furniture design of a tree canopy with pretty dappled light and
made of real wood can have a huge impact on the healing process.

The idea of using nature is also supported by the Centre for Health Design. It
identifies the beauty of the outdoors, brought indoors, as one of the key factors that
can reduce patient and staff stress, leading to higher levels of satisfaction.

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 MOOD BOARD

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 HOSPITAL DESIGN

REQUIREMENTS FOR THE PROJECT :

1. Waiting And Reception Area

2. Meeting Room
3. Physiotherapy Room
4. Consultation Room
5. Emergency Ward
6. Semi Special Ward
7. Common Restroom Male
Common Restroom Female
8. Operation Theatre

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 GROUND FLOOR PLAN AND FURNITURE LAYOUT

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 FIRST FLOOR PLAN AND FURNITURE LAYOUT

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 1. WAITING AND RECEPTION AREA

1. WAITING AND RECEPTION AREA

The reception carries a major

outlook in the whole aspect of the
hospital standards.
Patients, along with their by-
standees wait for their slot in the
waiting area.
The design concentrates more on
spacing, lighting and colour
balancing.
Wooden floor, along with a tint
of green, white curtains and
marble countertop brings warmth
TOP VIEW
in the room.
Top View

Veneer
cladding

Brick
cladding
Chairs
with
arms
attached
to each
ELEVATION 1 other ELEVATION 2

Transparent
white curtains

Transparent glass

Chair
ELEVATION 3

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 Proposed Render View 1

Proposed Render View 2

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 2. DOCTOR’S MEETING ROOM

This is a private space of

13X17 feet for the
doctors to conduct
meetings and
discussions.
The design is chosen in
such a way that the
room gives more of a
classy touch. The
combination of veneer
along with laminate
boards and mirror brings
Chair balance in the design.
The room is air-
conditioned and sound
proofed.
TOP VIEW
Wooden table of
width 4’ and
countertop height of
75cm

Mirror

Laminate
TV board
(black) Door
towards
corridor

ELEVATION 1 ELEVATION 2
Chief
Door towards Doctor’s
Director’s cabin seat

ELEVATION 3 ELEVATION 4

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 Proposed Render View

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
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 3. PHYSIOTHERAPY ROOM

Physiotherapy room is meant for

post-surgery exercises and
activities that improve blood flow
in the patient’s body.
LHS The room is provided with greater
Space for movement space for exercises and
Physiotherapy Room equipments physiotherapy equipments.
25’ X 17’
The open window towards the
Consultation Bed courtyard provides proper
ventilation. The design
concentrates more on
monochromatic colour balancing
and a cosy feel.
A low-height seater (LHS) is also
provided at the middle-end of the
room for their by standees or
TOP VIEW another patient in line.
Wall
mounted
medicine
holder
Consultation table
(multiwood white) Low
height Bed
seater (laminate
(laminate finish)
finish)

ELEVATION 1 ELEVATION 2
Wooden
blinds for
window

Wooden
stand
(laminate
finish)

ELEVATION 3

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 Door
towards
corridor

Consultation

ELEVATION 4

Proposed Render View

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 4. CONSULTATION ROOM

All the consultation rooms in this hospital have

been provided with identical design structure for
uniformity.
The small space of 10’X17’ constitutes a
Examination
area consultation area, an examination area and a
wash area.
The design concentrates on colour balancing and
positioning of the furniture, whereby giving a
neat and warm look. The wooden flooring
nullifies the brightness of the wallpaper.
Bookshelves are also provided on both the walls
at a height of approximately 6 feet.

Consultation
area

Wash area

3’

TOP VIEW
Table
(black
steel) with
glass
countertop
Bookshelf of width
18 cm.

Transparent
curtain
(white)

Wash basin

Storage

Dustbin

ELEVATION 1 ELEVATION 2

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 Proposed Render View 1

Proposed Render View 2

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 5. EMERGENCY WARD

An emergency
department,
Nurse’s also known as
station casualty
department, is a
medical
treatment
facility
specializing
in the acute care
of patients who
are present
without prior
appointment.
The room has
been provided
with 6 beds, the
nurse’s station,
a wash area and
a washroom.

TOP VIEW

Switch
board
Entrance

Nurses’ Curtains
station for
separation

Bed

ELEVATION 1

Storage

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 ELEVATION 2

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 Vertical wall
with mosses

Table (combination
of laminate wood
finish with
multiwood white)

ELEVATION 3

ELEVATION 4

Proposed Render View 1

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 Proposed Render View 2

Proposed Render View 3

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
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 6. SEMI SPECIAL WARD

A two sharing semi-private room separated by

curtains with an attached washroom, seats for
attendees, fully equipped nursing station nearby
and qualified dietician for diet advice and diet
service.
The design is similar to that of the emergency
ward.
The room space of 17X10 feet has been utilized
without bringing a crowded appearance.
The wooden flooring and the wall colour
balances well with the furniture.

TOP VIEW

Storage

Bed

ELEVATION 1 ELEVATION 2

Switch
board

ELEVATION 3

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 Proposed Render View 1

Proposed Render View 2

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 7. COMMON RESTROOM MALE and COMMON RESTROOM FEMALE

The ground floor

restroom (total area of 17’
X 28’4”) comprises of a
wash area (for both male
and female washrooms), 4
toilets (2 Indian and 2
Common Common
European) for women and
restroom restroom 3 toilets and 2 urinals for
Male Female men.
17’X14’2” 17’X14’2”
The design concentrates
more on monochromatic
theme rather than
involving different
colours. The quality of the
design is carried mainly
by the wash area which is
provided with a large
TOP VIEW sized mirror as well.

Mirror

Wash area

ELEVATION 1 (WOMEN) ELEVATION 2 (WOMEN)

Mirror

Wash area

ELEVATION 3 (MEN) ELEVATION 4 (MEN)

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 Proposed Render View 1

Proposed Render View 2

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 Proposed Render View 3

Proposed Render View 4

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 8. OPERATION THEATRE

Wash
Anaesthesia
The hospital comprises of 2
operation theatres (25’ X 17’2”),
situated in the first floor corners.
The room has an operating zone,
which is the main area, anaesthesia
Storage zone, wash area, sterilization area
Sterilization and storage.
Operating zone
zone
The design focuses mainly on the
arrangement of the equipments for
ease of functioning. Since an
operation theatre requires a
minimalistic design, no particular
TOP VIEW theme has been chosen.

Ceiling mounted
surgical light
Anaesthesia machine

ECG machine
Sterilization
equipments

ELEVATION 1

ELEVATION 2

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 Storage (metal)

ELEVATION 3

ELEVATION 4

Proposed Render View

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN
 CONCLUSION

When people need medical treatment, the design of the hospital is probably not among
their most pressing concerns. They want to feel better as quickly as possible. However,
the design of a healthcare facility matters more than many people think. One of the
primary goals at a hospital is for patients and their loved ones to feel they are in a place
that provides the best possible quality of care. Bright lighting, well-utilized spaces and
modern furniture can increase confidence about the facility’s adequacy and the
competence of staff members. Hospital design can incorporate that element too, and
increase staff productivity and happiness. The newly designed hospitals also prioritize
using natural materials like wood and stone within interior design, making the
surroundings seem warmer and more inviting. Thus, a well planned design contributes
to the better running of a hospital as well as patients healing time.

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DR.KARIAPPA SCHOOL OF ART AND
DESIGN