FACTS ABOUT VULTURE

A. Reasons vulture is seen differently from other birds that scavenge are;
(I) Rummaging through refuse dump sites
(II) Doing Justice to dead materials
B. Environmental and economic importance of vulture
(I) Specially designed to;
(a) dispose animal and human waste
(b) prevent spread of diseases
(II) Equipped with digestive system that contains special acid to dissolve;
(a) Anthrax
(b) Botulism
(c) Rabies
(d) cholera bacteria
C. Challenges vulture faces;
……….

TYPES OF EGGS
1. Fertile eggs
-incubated and developed into chicks
(I). Advantages;
a. Nutritious
b. Equally good in cholesterol
(II). Disadvantages;
a. Do not keep long
b. Cost more
2. Organic eggs
-produced by hens fed with organic feeds
(I). Advantages;
a. Raised without medication
b. Nutritionally good
(II). Disadvantages;
-more expensive because of higher production costs
3. True free-range eggs
-produced by hens raised outdoor and possible only on seasonal basis
(I). Advantages;
a. Nutritionally good
b. Same in cholesterol level as others
(II). Disadvantages;
-very expensive
4. Attraction in egg’s shell
(I). Shell color is determined by breed of hen;
a. White eggs by Leghorn hens
b. Brown eggs by Rhode Island Red
 - brown eggs cost more than white eggs since they are laid by birds that are large and
consume more food
(II). Shell color does not affect:
a. Quality
b. Flavor
c. Nutritional content
5. Nutritional value of eggs;
(I). Eggs are great source of protein
a. An egg has six grams of protein
b. Half of it found in the egg white
-contain all the amino acid
(II). They are important source of:
a. Iron
b. Riboflavin
c. Folate
d. Vitamin B12, D and E
6. Other desirable properties of eggs are:
(I). Inexpensive
(II). Convenient
(III). Easy to chew
(IV). Used in variety of recipes
- homemade ice creams
7. Measures to avoid to prevent getting bacteria in eggs
(I). Raw eggs should not be consumed
(II). Dirty, cracked or outdated eggs should not be bought
(III). Eggs should be well cooked
(IV). Pasteurized eggs should be used in recipes that require raw eggs
(V). Eggs should be stored in the refrigerator
-not allowed to drip to contaminate other foods
(VI). Handlling, preparing and serving of eggs must be clean

Answers for 2023 Academic Year End of Semester Examination

Section A

PHENOMENON OF MIGRATION
-Migration is the movement of people in order to live in a place other than where they are
A. Types of migration
1. Internal migration;
-migration within the borders of the country
2. Immigration;
-from abroad to that country or from that country to another
3. Regular migration;
-the short-term or long-term stay of individuals in any country or in different regions of their
own country
4. Irregular migration;
-illegally entering a country, staying in a country illegally or not leaving the country despite
entering legally, and the legal period expired
B. Causes of migration
1. Political factors;
a. Human rights violations
- due to political reasons, persecution, restriction of personal freedom, inequalities, lack of
judicial independence and military coups
b. Wars
-main reason for forced migration
2. Social factors;
a. Desire to be with families or relatives who have migrated before
b. Characteristics that they feel close to them culturally and socially
c. Desire to get a better education and freedom of belief
d. High fertility rates and the incidence of infectious diseases
e. High population
3. National factors;
-Changing climate conditions caused by global warming
a. Flood
b. Fires
c. Droughts
d. Earthquakes
e. Volcanic eruptions
f. Landslides
g. Tsunami
4. Solutions to problems caused by migration
a. Creating dynamic politics in terms of receiving and sending migrants from and to countries
b. A good understanding of the reasons that trigger migration

SECTION B
1. a. The day…advocate…
b. The day…advocates…

2. a. Down Syndrome (DS)… are…

b. Down Syndrome (DS)…is…

3. a. Chromosomes contains…
b. Chromosomes contain…

4. a. …the information…determine…
b. …the information…determines…
5. a. …the extra chromosome cause…
b. …the extra chromosome causes…

6. a. Statistics… shows…
b. Statistics…show…

7. a. The UN….call…
b. The UN…calls…

8. a. …the reason…are…
b. …the reason…is…

9. a. … the risk of having a child…increase…

b. …the risk of having child…increases…

10. a. Most individuals….has…

b. Most individuals…have…

SECTION C
Without a shadow of doubt, the all American sport is baseball, which is nicknamed “The National
Pastime.” It's a game that originated in the US and has now spread beyond its borders. For
example, the Japanese have enthusiastically embraced it. Baseball was probably invented by
Abner Doubleday (1819-1893). During the rest of the 1800s, the sport underwent changes and
the addition of well-defined rules. The equipment requirements of baseball during the Civil War.
Who can forget the Yankees' spectacular victory over the Dodgers? High drama created a tense
stadium surrounding the deciding game. Professional baseball is serious business; however,
anyone can play the game, a coach remarked. Baseball heroes are honored in the Baseball Hall of
Fame in Cooperstown, New York. Most baseball captains encouraged their teammates with
words from the baseball handbook, 'The American Favorite Game.' How exciting is the game of
baseball?

ANSWERS FOR 2017/18 and 2019/20 END OF SEMESTER EXAMINATION ON OUTLINE

FACTS ABOUT OCCUPATION THERAPY

A. Definition of Occupation
1. An activity an individual engages in which;
a. Is meaningful
b. Is purposeful
c. Contribute to one’s identity
2. Includes roles like being a;
 a. Parent
b. Friend
c. Spouse
d. Tennis player
e. Cook
f. Musician
- To avoid running into daily occupational troubles is by using occupational therapy
B. Occupational therapy
1. Is about;
a. Health
b. Rehabilitation
2. Is a client-centered health profession concerned with promoting;
a. Health
b. Well-being
3. Is practice in wide range of;
a. Public sector
b. Private sector
c. Voluntary sector
-Examples are Home,Environment, School, Workplaces, Health centers, Rehabilitation centers
and Hospitals
4. Focused on enabling individuals to change aspects of;
a. Person
b. Occupation
c. Environment
5. Enhances occupational participation
C. Role of Occupational therapists
1. Work with people of all ages;
a. Who need specialized assistance to live
I. Independent productive lives
II. Satisfying lives
b. Due to problems of;
I. Physical
II. Developmental
III. Social
IV. Mental
2. Have broad education in;
a. Medical
b. Social behavior
c. Psychological
d. Psychosocial
e. Occupational science
-which equip them with the attitudes, skills and knowledge to work collaboratively with people
3. Work with all people including those who have impairment of;
a. Body structure
 b. Function owning to a health condition
c. Restricted in their participation
d. Socially excluded owing to their membership of social groups
4. Help clients to perform all daily activities by improving;
a. Muscle strength and endurance
b. Balance and coordination
c. Motor skills including
- the environment and modification of the task
D. People who benefit from services of an OT
1. Includes patients who suffer from
a. Orthopedic such as;
I. Amputation
II. Bone replacement
III. Fracture
b. Neurological conditions such as;
I. Stroke
II. Parkinson
III. Spinal cord injuries
c. Children with developmental and learning disabilities such as;
I. Autism
II. Cerebral palsy
III. Down syndrome
IV. Muscular dystrophy
V. Osteogenesis
d. Imperfecta such as;
-Psychiatry patients
e. Aged conditions such as;
- Arthritis
f. Other degenerative conditions
E. Advantages of OTs over hospital or rehabilitation facility
a. Provide comprehensive assessment such as;
I. Pre-admission
II. Post-discharge
III. Home care
- to assist with the discharge planning
b. Plan return to work programs to ;
-enable client get back to the occupation they were engaged in even before the disability or
illness
ANSWERS FOR 2017/18 and 2019/20 END OF SEMESTER EXAMINATION ON OUTLINE

OBESITY
1. Definition of obesity
a. A condition that results from excessive storage of fat in the body
b. Weight(in kilograms) divided by height (in meters) squared
- It has been established that roughly two thirds of American adults are overweight
2. Reasons obesity is a major public concerns
a. It predisposed the individual to many disorders such as;
I. Non-insulin dependent diabetes
II. Hypertension
III. Stroke
IV. Coronary diseases
b. It has been associated with an increased incidence of certain cancers such as;
I. Cancers of the colon
II. Cancers of the rectum
III. Cancers of the prostrate
IV. Cancers of the breast
V. Cancers of the uterus
VI. Cancers of the cervix
c. Obese people are often ostracized and discriminated against
3. Causes of Obesity
a. Ingestion of more calories than are required for energy
b. Inactivity and insufficient exercise
- the less active the person, the few calories are needed
c. Unhealthy patterns of eating established by the family and cultural
I. Overeating
II. Psychological distress
III. Emotional dependence
IV. Omnipresence of high calorie food
d. Eating disorder
e. Alcoholism
f. Woman and childhood sexual abuse
g. Genetics and physiology
- 8 to 30 genes may influence obesity
4. Treatment for obesity
a. Wiring shut the jaw
- operations that reduce the size of the stomach and intestinal bypass operations
circumventing a large area of the small intestine
b. Drugs;
- Orlistat (Xenical)
- acts to block absorption of dietary fat I
c. Diet and exercise
d. Emotional and behavioral support