Synchondrosis

Neven mortaga mohamed mostafa 4/4/24 Growth (CFG)

Neven Mortaga-Assignment 2

Introduction

A synchondrosis is type of joint in which the connecting material between the

bones is hyaline cartilage. It is considered a temporary joint because it typically
ossifies (turns into bone) with age. Synchondroses are classified as primary
cartilaginous joints. Unlike other joints, synchondrosis allows limited or no
movement, serving primarily as a site for bone growth and development. An example
for synchondrosis the epiphyseal plate which is found in the long bones of children
and adolescents and allows for bone growth.

Synchondrosis
Synchondrosis is specialized type consists of band of immature proliferating
cartilage cells is located at the center and maturing cartilage cells extends in both
directions. Endochondral ossification occurs at both margins.
➢ Components:
a. Hyaline Cartilage: This type of cartilage is found at the articulating
surfaces of the bones in a synchondrosis. It provides a smooth surface
for movement and absorbs shock.
b. Perichondrium: This is a layer of dense connective tissue that surrounds
the hyaline cartilage, providing it with nutrients and support.
➢ Location:
a. Synchondroses are commonly found in the developing skeleton,
especially in areas where bones are still growing and have not yet fused.
➢ Function:
a. Synchondroses provide a site for bone growth and development during
childhood and adolescence plus maintaining skeletal integrity.
b. They allow for slight movement between bones, facilitating growth and
adaptation.

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Neven Mortaga-Assignment 2

➢ Examples:
i. Spheno-ethmoidal synchondrosis:
a. It exists between the sphenoid bone and the ethmoid bone
b. It closes at about 5-7years 2
ii. Intersphenoidal synchondrosis:
a. It is present in the middle cranial base between the anterior and
posterior parts of the body of the sphenoid.
b. It closes just before birth.
iii. Spheno-occipital synchondrosis:
a. It exists in the middle cranial base between the occipital and sphenoid
bones.
b. It persists to 18-20 years of age closing a few years earlier in girls than
in boys.
iv. Intra-occipital synchondrosis:
a. It is present inside the occipital bone.
b. It closes at 3-5 years.
v. Joint between the first rib and the sternum (costal cartilage).
vi. Growth plates (epiphyseal plates): Found at the ends of long bones, such as
the femur and humerus, where they allow for longitudinal growth during
childhood and adolescence.
Development of Synchondrosis
The embryonic development of synchondrosis involves processes of cartilage
formation and ossification.

Factors Affecting Synchondrosis Growth

Several factors influence the growth and development of synchondrosis, including
genetic predispositions, hormonal regulation, environmental factors, and mechanical
stimuli.

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Neven Mortaga-Assignment 2

Clinical Significance
1. Disorders and Conditions Related to Synchondrosis
Disorders affecting synchondrosis can have profound clinical implications such as
growth plate injuries, osteochondritis dissecans, and developmental abnormalities.
2. Diagnosis and Treatment of Synchondrosis Issues
Accurate diagnosis and effective treatment of synchondrosis issues are paramount
in managing skeletal disorders. This section examines diagnostic techniques, such
as imaging modalities and clinical assessments, and explores therapeutic
interventions aimed at mitigating synchondrosis-related complications.
3. Importance of Synchondrosis in Growth and Development
Synchondrosis serves as the key regulator of skeletal growth and development,
shaping the overall structure and functionality of the human body.

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