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How to Pivot a Transportation Problem Based on the transportation tableau, the following steps
should be performed. Step 1. Determine (by a criterion to be developed shortly, for example
northwest corner method) the variable that should enter the basis. Step 2. Find the loop (it can be
shown that there is only one loop) involving the entering variable and some of the basic variables.
Step 3. Counting the cells in the loop, label them as even cells or odd cells. Description A
transportation problem basically deals with the problem, which aims to find the best way to fulfill the
demand of n demand points using the capacities of m supply points. While trying to find the best
way, generally a variable cost of shipping the product from one supply point to a demand point or a
similar constraint should be taken into consideration. Transportation and Assignment Problems.
Applications of Network Optimization. Applications. Physical analog of nodes. Physical analog of
arcs. Flow. Communication systems. phone exchanges, computers, transmission facilities, satellites.
Cables, fiber optic links, microwave 23. Assignment Problem • Special case of transportation
problem • Here each source can supply to only one destination – Number of sources equal to number
of destinations – Only one unit supplied from source to destination • Assigning jobs to workers •
Assigning teachers to classes • Can be solved using simple enumeration of combinations, regular
transportation method or simplex method 0% Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided
to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other
websites without getting consent from its author. 3. What is a transportation problem? Assignment
Problems Example: Machineco has four jobs to be completed. Each machine must be assigned to
complete one job. The time required to setup each machine for completing each job is shown in the
table below. Machinco wants to minimize the total setup time needed to complete the four jobs.
Introduction to Management Science 8th Edition by Bernard W. Taylor III. Chapter 6 Transportation,
Transshipment, and Assignment Problems. Chapter Topics. The Transportation Model Computer
Solution of a Transportation Problem The Assignment Model Computer Solution of the Assignment
Model. The Unbalanced Transportation Model(2 of 2) - When supply exceeds demand, a dummy
column is added to the tableau. - The dummy column (or dummy row) has no effect on the initial
solution methods or the optimal solution methods. An Unbalanced Model (Supply . Demand)
PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS 12th Business Maths and
Statistics : Chapter 10 : Operations Research : Exercise 10.1: Transportation Problem | Problem
Questions with Answer, Solution | Operations Research Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM)(1 of
5) - Method is based on the concept of penalty cost or regret. - A penalty cost is the difference
between the largest and the next largest cell cost in a row (or column). - In VAM the first step is to
develop a penalty cost for each source and destination. - Penalty cost is calculated by subtracting the
minimum cell cost from the next higher cell cost in each row and column. The VAM Penalty Costs
PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS In this paper, we investigate
an assignment problem in which cost coefficients are triangular intuitionistic fuzzy numbers. In
conventional assignment problem, cost is always certain. This paper develops an approach to solve
an intuitionistic fuzzy assignment problem where cost is not deterministic numbers but imprecise
ones. Here, the elements of the costs (profits) matrix of the assignment ... [Show full abstract]
operation at any given moment. There are such a large number of down to earth circumstances in
which issue moves toward becoming to 17. Now solve using regular approach machines 2) assistants
to different checkout counters 3) business people to various deals zones 4) classes to different
checkout counters 5) 3. 1.1 THE NORTH-WEST CORNER RULE Step (1). The first assignment is
made in the cell occupying the upper left-hand (North West) corner of the transportation table. The
maximum feasible amount is allocated there, i.e; x11 = min( a1, b1 ) . Step (2). If b1 > a1, the
capacity of origin O 1 is exhausted but the requirement at D 1 is not satisfied. So move downs to the
second row, and make the second allocation: x21 = min ( a2 , b1 – x11 ) in the cell ( 2,1 ). If a1 > b1
, allocate x12 = min ( a1 - x11 , b2 ) in the cell ( 1,2) . Continue this until all the requirements and
supplies are satisfied. EXAMPL 1.1.1 Determine an initial basic feasible solution to the following
transportation problem using the North-West corner rule: D1 D2 D3 D4 Availability O1 6 4 1 5 14
O2 8 9 2 7 16 O3 4 3 6 2 5 Requirement 6 10 15 4 Solution to the above problem is: 6 8 6 4 1 5 2 14
8 9 2 7 1 4 4 3 6 2 Now all requirements have been satisfied and hence an initial basic feasible
solution to the transportation problem has been obtained. Since the allocated cells do not form a
loop, the feasible solution is non-degenerate. Total transportation cost with this allocation is: 3
Introduction to Management Science 8th Edition by Bernard W. Taylor III. Chapter 6 Transportation,
Transshipment, and Assignment Problems. Chapter Topics. The Transportation Model Computer
Solution of a Transportation Problem The Assignment Model Computer Solution of the Assignment
Model. Algorithm for Transportation Simplex Method • Construct initial basic feasible solution •
Optimality Test • Derive a set of ui and vj by setting the ui corresponding to the row that has the
most amount of allocations to zero and solving the leftover set of equations for cij = ui + vj • If all
cij – ui– vj ≥ 0 for every (i,j) such that xij is nonbasic, then stop. Otherwise do an iteration.
Transshipment Problem • Transshipment problems are transportation problems in which a shipment
may move through intermediate nodes (transshipment nodes) before reaching a particular destination
node. • Transshipment problems can be converted to larger transportation problems and solved by a
special transportation program. • Transshipment problems can also be solved by general purpose
linear programming codes. • The network representation for a transshipment problem with two
sources, three intermediate nodes, and two destinations is shown below. c36 3 c13 c37 1 6 s1 d1 c14
c46 c15 4 Demand c47 Supply c23 c56 c24 7 2 d2 s2 c25 5 c57 Destinations Sources Intermediate
Nodes MNGT 379 Operations Research 2. Objective function Since we want to minimize the total
cost of shipping from plants to cities; Minimize Z = 8X11+6X12+10X13+9X14
+9X21+12X22+13X23+7X24 +14X31+9X32+16X33+5X34 (x 2)d^2y/dx^2-(2x 5)dy/dx 2y=(x
1)e^x ​ Transportation Problems. Dr. Ron Lembke. Transportation Problems. Linear programming is
good at solving problems with zillions of options, and finding the optimal solution. Could it work for
transportation problems? Costs are linear, and shipment quantities are linear, so maybe so. Chapter 7
Transportation, Assignment and Transshipment Problems. Applications of Network Optimization.
Applications. Physical analog of nodes. Physical analog of arcs. Flow. Communication systems.
phone exchanges, computers, transmission facilities, satellites. Cables, fiber optic For the model on
the previous page note that: Xij=1 if machine i is assigned to meet the demands of job j Xij=0 if
machine i is not assigned to meet the demands of job j In general an assignment problem is balanced
transportation problem in which all supplies and demands are equal to 1. Transportation problem by
lowest cost method​
© 2013 - 2024 studylib.net all other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective
owners Assignment of Variables • xij • i = 1 for Ann, 2 for Ian, 3 for Joan, 4 for Sean • j = 1 for
Processing, 2 for Graphics, 3 for Packets, 4 for Registration 3. Vogel’s Method Begin with
computing each row and column a penalty. The penalty will be equal to the difference between the
two smallest shipping costs in the row or column. Identify the row or column with the largest
penalty. Find the first basic variable which has the smallest shipping cost in that row or column. Then
assign the highest possible value to that variable, and cross-out the row or column as in the previous
methods. Compute new penalties and use the same procedure. Download Now © 2024 SlideServe.
All rights reserved the presentation - Tri-Community Recycling and Sanitary Transportation,
Assignment, and Transshipment. Professor Ahmadi. Chapter 7 Transportation, Assignment, and
Transshipment Problems. The Transportation Problem: The Network Model and a Linear
Programming Formulation The Assignment Problem: The Network Model and a Linear Programming
Formulation Transportation, Assignment, and Transshipment Problems • A network model is one
which can be represented by a set of nodes, a set of arcs, and functions (e.g. costs, supplies,
demands, etc.) associated with the arcs and/or nodes. • Transportation, assignment, and
transshipment problems of this chapter as well as the PERT/CPM problems (in another chapter) are
all examples of network problems. • Each of the three models of this chapter can be formulated as
linear programs and solved by general purpose linear programming codes. • For each of the three
models, if the right-hand side of the linear programming formulations are all integers, the optimal
solution will be in terms of integer values for the decision variables. • However, there are many
computer packages (including The Management Scientist) that contain separate computer codes for
these models which take advantage of their network structure. MNGT 379 Operations Research
Prohibited Routes - A prohibited route is assigned a large cost such as M. - When the prohibited cell
is evaluated, it will always contain the cost M, which will keep it from being selected as an entering
variable. PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS The Assignment
Problem In general the LP formulation is given as Minimize Each supply is 1 Each demand is 1 4.
Demand Constraints Since each supply point has a limited production capacity; X11+X21+X31 >=
45 X12+X22+X32 >= 20 X13+X23+X33 >= 30 X14+X24+X34 >= 30 Download to read offline
Difference between assignment problem and transportation problem Introduction to Management
Science 8th Edition by Bernard W. Taylor III. Chapter 6 Transportation, Transshipment, and
Assignment Problems. Chapter Topics. The Transportation Model Computer Solution of a
Transportation Problem The Assignment Model Computer Solution of the Assignment Model.
Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM)(3 of 5) - After each VAM cell allocation, all row and column
penalty costs are recomputed. The Second VAM Allocation PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND
ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS Chapter 6: Transportation, Assignment, and Transshipment Problems.
A network model is one which can be represented by a set of nodes, a set of arcs, and functions (e.g.
costs, supplies, demands, etc.) associated with the arcs and/or nodes. Transportation and Assignment
Models. Learning Objectives. Structure special LP problems using the transportation and assignment
models. Use the N.W. corner, VAM, MODI, and stepping-stone method. Solve facility location and
other application problems with transportation methods. Assignment Problem • Network
Representation c11 1 1 c12 c13 c21 c22 2 2 c23 c31 c32 3 3 c33 WORKERS JOBS Balanced
Transportation Problem If Total supply equals to total demand, the problem is said to be a balanced
transportation problem: 27. Draw minimum number of lines to cover all zeros. Product VS Period
Costs – Answer Key Is the category for this document correct? Handling Destinations that Cannot
Be Delivered To • There are two ways to handle the issue when a source cannot supply a particular
destination • The first way is to put a constraint that does not allow the value to be anything but zero
• The second way of handling this issue is to put an extremely large number into the cost of shipping
that will force the value to equal zero - In a transportation tableau with m rows and n columns, there
must be m + n - 1 cells with allocations; if not, it is degenerate. - The tableau in the figure does not
meet the condition since 3 + 3 -1 = 5 cells and there are only 4 cells with allocations. Degeneracy(1
of 3) The Minimum Cell Cost Initial Solution PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT
PROBLEMS The Modified Distribution Method (MODI)(3 of 6) - Each MODI allocation replicates
the stepping-stone allocation. - Use following to evaluate all empty cells: cij - ui - vj = kij where kij
equals the cost increase or decrease that would occur by allocating to a cell. - For the empty cells in
Table 26: x1A: k1A = c1A - u1 - vA = 6 - 0 - 7 = -1 x2A: k2A = c2A - u2 - vA = 7 - 1 - 7 = -1 x2B:
k2B = c2B - u2 - vB = 11- 1 - 8 = +2 x3C: k3C = c3C - u3 -vC = 12 - (-3) - 10 = +5 PN5033 -
TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS Transportation Problem • Network
Representation of BBC-1 Northwood 1 25 24 Plant 1 50 30 Westwood 2 45 40 30 Plant 2 40 30 42
Eastwood 3 10 DESTINATIONS SOURCES Transportation Problems. Joko Waluyo , Ir., MT., PhD
Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering. Outline. Introduction. Solution Procedure for
Transportation Problem. Finding an Initial Feasible Solution. Finding the Optimal Solution.
Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to
download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. Modeling
Variants of Transportation Problems • In many transportation models, you are not going to always see
supply equals demand • With small problems, this is not an issue because the simplex method can
solve the problem relatively efficiently • With large transportation problems it may be helpful to
transform the model to fit the transportation simplex model Chapter 6: Transportation, Assignment,
and Transshipment Problems. A network model is one which can be represented by a set of nodes, a
set of arcs, and functions (e.g. costs, supplies, demands, etc.) associated with the arcs and/or nodes.
Slides from 11/5 (Transportation Simplex) 2. THEOREM 1.1 A necessary and sufficient condition
for the existence of a feasible solution to the transportation problem is that m n ∑a = ∑b i =1 i j =1 j
Remark. The set of constraints m n ∑ x = b and ∑ x = a ij j ij i i =1 j =1 Represents m+n equations
in mn non-negative variables. Each variable xij appears in exactly two constraints, one is associated
with the origin and the other is associated with the destination. Note. If we are putting in the matrix
from, the elements of A are either 0 or 1. THE TRANSPORTATYION TABLE: D1 D2 …… Dn
supply O1 c11 c12 ….. c1n a1 O2 c21 c22 ….. …. c2n a2 … …… ….. ….. ….. ….. : Om cm1 cm2
…. … cmn am Requirement b1 b2 … …. bn Definition. (Loop). In a transportation table, an ordered
set of four or more cells is said to form a loop if : (I) Any two adjacent cells in the ordered set lie in
the same row or in the same column. (II) Any three or more adjacent cells in the ordered set do not
lie in the same row or in the same column. RESULT: A feasible solution to a transportation problem
is basic if and only if the corresponding cells in the transportation table do not contain a loop. To find
an initial basic feasible solution we apply: (1) The North-West corner rule (2) Vogel`s Approximation
method. 2 1. GYAN GANGA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT, BHOPAL
GROUP NAME:- ELITE Guided by: Prof. Lokesh Payasi Presented by: Krati Barman Poonam Patel
Nisha Johari Tikaram Sahu Ankit Jain Prathrna Yadav TRANSPORTATION MODEL &
ASSIGNMENT MODEL Assignment Problem • LP Formulation Min cijxij i j s.t. xij = 1 for
each agent i j xij = 1 for each task j i xij = 0 or 1 for all i and j • Note: A modification to the right-
hand side of the first constraint set can be made if a worker is permitted to work more than 1 job. •
Special Cases • Number of agents exceeds the number of tasks: xij< 1 for each agent i j • Number
of tasks exceeds the number of agents: Add enough dummy agents to equalize the number of agents
and the number of tasks. The objective function coefficients for these new variable would be zero.
MNGT 379 Operations Research Introduction to Management Science 8th Edition by Bernard W.
Taylor III. Chapter 6 Transportation, Transshipment, and Assignment Problems. Chapter Topics. The
Transportation Model Computer Solution of a Transportation Problem The Assignment Model
Computer Solution of the Assignment Model. 3. What is a transportation problem? Transportation,
Assignment, and Transshipment. Professor Ahmadi. Chapter 7 Transportation, Assignment, and
Transshipment Problems. The Transportation Problem: The Network Model and a Linear
Programming Formulation The Assignment Problem: The Network Model and a Linear Programming
Formulation Introduction to Management Science 8th Edition by Bernard W. Taylor III. Chapter 6
Transportation, Transshipment, and Assignment Problems. Chapter Topics. The Transportation Model
Computer Solution of a Transportation Problem The Assignment Model Computer Solution of the
Assignment Model. Book back answers and solution for Exercise questions - Operations Research:
Transportation Problem: Methods of finding initial Basic Feasible Solutions Example: Who Does
What? • Linear Programming Formulation Min 50x11+36x12+16x13+28x21+30x22+18x23
+35x31+32x32+20x33+25x41+25x42+14x43 s.t. x11+x12+x13 < 1 x21+x22+x23 < 1 x31+x32+x33
< 1 x41+x42+x43 < 1 x11+x21+x31+x41 = 1 x12+x22+x32+x42 = 1 x13+x23+x33+x43 = 1 xij = 0
or 1 for all i and j • The optimal assignment is: SubcontractorProjectDistance Westside C 16
Federated A 28 Goliath (unassigned) Universal B 25 Total Distance = 69 miles MNGT 379
Operations Research Assignment Problem • Network Representation c11 1 1 c12 c13 c21 c22 2 2
c23 c31 c32 3 3 c33 WORKERS JOBS Network Presentation of P&T Co. Problem 464 C1 W1 75 -
80 513 867 654 W2 -65 352 C1 416 125 690 W3 791 -70 995 682 C1 W4 388 100 -85 685
Transportation and Assignment Problems. Applications of Network Optimization. Applications.
Physical analog of nodes. Physical analog of arcs. Flow. Communication systems. phone exchanges,
computers, transmission facilities, satellites. Cables, fiber optic links, microwave The optimality test
is given by drawing a minimum number of horizontal and vertical lines to cover all the zeros in the
matrix. 4. Transportation as a Linear Programming Problem Assignment Problem • Linear
Programming Formulation Min SScijxij i j s.t. Sxij = 1 for each worker i j Sxij = 1 for each job j i xij
= 0 or 1 for all i and j. • Note: A modification to the right-hand side of the first constraint set can be
made if a worker is permitted to work more than one job. Assignment Spreadsheet Models from
Textbook • Job Shop Company • Better Products Company • We will examine these spreadsheets in
class and derive mathematical models from the spreadsheets 0 ratings 26. Identify rows with exactly
one zero. Draw a square on that zero. Cross out all other zeros in that column. If all zeros have either
been marked Identify columns with exactly one with square or crossed out – zero. Draw a square on
that zero. Cross out all other zeros in that row. If there is at least one and only one square in each
row, problem has been solved. General Description of a Transportation Problem A set of m supply
points from which a good is shipped. Supply point i can supply at most si units. A set of n demand
points to which the good is shipped. Demand point j must receive at least di units of the shipped
good. Each unit produced at supply point i and shipped to demand point j incurs a variable cost of
cij. 9. Methods for finding initial solution • North West Corner Method • Minimum Matrix Method •
Vogel’s Corner Method × Is the category for this document correct? Transportation Problems. Joko
Waluyo , Ir., MT., PhD Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering. Outline. Introduction.
Solution Procedure for Transportation Problem. Finding an Initial Feasible Solution. Finding the
Optimal Solution. Method for Handling Supply Not Equal to Demand • When supply does not equal
demand, you can use the idea of a slack variable to handle the excess • A slack variable is a variable
that can be incorporated into the model to allow inequality constraints to become equality
constraints • If supply is greater than demand, then you need a slack variable known as a dummy
destination • If demand is greater than supply, then you need a slack variable known as a dummy
source Transportation Problems. Joko Waluyo , Ir., MT., PhD Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial
Engineering. Outline. Introduction. Solution Procedure for Transportation Problem. Finding an Initial
Feasible Solution. Finding the Optimal Solution. Example: Assignment • Network Representation 50
West. A 36 16 28 Fed. B 30 18 32 35 Gol. C 20 25 25 Univ. 14 Study Material, Lecturing Notes,
Assignment, Reference, Wiki description explanation, brief detail
13. Stepping Stones Method To evaluate each empty cell, draw a closed path starting at empty cell
and returning to empty cell through at least 3 occupied cells. Add +1 (one unit) to the empty cell.
Correspondingly subtract/ add one unit to each occupied cell on the closed path so that row and
column sums remain balanced. Increase in transportation cost = +4-6+5-3 = 0. There is no benefit to
be gained by shifting units to route AD. Chapter 7 Transportation, Assignment and Transshipment
Problems. Applications of Network Optimization. Applications. Physical analog of nodes. Physical
analog of arcs. Flow. Communication systems. phone exchanges, computers, transmission facilities,
satellites. Cables, fiber optic According to the explanations in the previous slide we can set x11=3
(meaning demand of demand point 1 is satisfied by supply point 1). I hope this helped you so plz
rate the answer.. Terms to Know • Sources, Destinations, Supply, Demand, The Requirements
Assumption, The Feasible Solutions Property, The Cost Assumption, Dummy Destination, Dummy
Source, Transportation Simplex Method, Northwest Corner Rule, Vogel’s Approximation Method,
Russell’s Approximation Method, Recipient Cells, Donor Cells, Assignment Problems, Assignees,
Tasks, Hungarian Algorithm The Transportation Simplex Method • While the normal simplex method
can solve transportation type problems, it does not necessarily do it in the most efficient fashion,
especially for large problems. • The transportation simplex is meant to solve the problems much more
quickly. × Hungarian Algorithm for Solving Assignment Problems Cont. • Step 4: Modify the table
by using the following: • Subtract the smallest uncovered number from every uncovered number in
the table • Add the smallest uncovered number to the numbers of intersected lines • All other
numbers stay unchanged • Step 5: Repeat steps 3 and four until you have the optimal set The
Stepping-Stone Solution Method(9 of 12) - Check to see if the solution is optimal. The Stepping-
Stone Path for Cell 2A The Stepping-Stone Path for Cell 1B PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND
ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS Transportation and Assignment Models. Chapter 10. To accompany
Quantitative Analysis for Management , Tenth Edition , by Render, Stair, and Hanna Power Point
slides created by Jeff Heyl. © 2009 Prentice-Hall, Inc. . Learning Objectives. Modeling Variants of
the Assignment Problem • Issues that arise: • Certain assignees are unable to perform certain tasks. •
There are more task than there are assignees, implying some tasks will not be completed. • There are
more assignees than there are tasks, implying some assignees will not be given a task. • Each
assignee can be given multiple tasks simultaneously. • Each task can be performed jointly by more
than one assignee. © 2013 - 2024 studylib.net all other trademarks and copyrights are the property
of their respective owners 8. Jobs Person 1 2 3 4 5 A 8 4 2 6 1 B 0 9 5 5 4 C 3 8 9 2 6 D 4 3 1 0 3 E 9
5 8 9 5 1.4.4.UNBALANCEED ASSIGNMENT PROBLEM When the cost matrix of an
assignment problem is not a square matrix, i.e; number of sources is not equal to the number of
destinations, the assignment problem is called an unbalanced assignment problem. In such problems,
dummy rows or columns are added in the matrix so as to complete it to form a square matrix. 8
Chapter 7 Transportation, Assignment and Transshipment Problems. Applications of Network
Optimization. Applications. Physical analog of nodes. Physical analog of arcs. Flow. Communication
systems. phone exchanges, computers, transmission facilities, satellites. Cables, fiber optic tackling
Assignment Problems. It has been demonstrated that the line duals are non-expanding and the
segment duals non-diminishing. Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM)(4 of 5) - Recomputed
penalty costs after the third allocation. The Third VAM Allocation PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION
AND ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS Introduction to Management Science 8th Edition by Bernard
W. Taylor III. Chapter 10 Transportation, Transshipment, and Assignment Problems. Chapter Topics.
The Transportation Model Computer Solution of a Transportation Problem The Assignment Model
26. Identify rows with exactly one zero. Draw a square on that zero. Cross out all other zeros in that
column. If all zeros have either been marked Identify columns with exactly one with square or
crossed out – zero. Draw a square on that zero. Cross out all other zeros in that row. If there is at
least one and only one square in each row, problem has been solved. What Connect Means to You! -
McGraw Hill Higher Education Method. So far in the literature, there are four techniques as:
Enumeration method, Simplex method, Transportation method and Hungarian Management Science
Chapter 5 Transportation, Assignment, and Transshipment Problems. Transportation, Assignment,
and Transshipment Problems. Visualizing the Transportation Model • When trying to model a
transportation model, it is usually useful to draw a network diagram of the problem you are
examining • A network diagram shows all the sources, destinations, and unit cost for each source to
each destination in a simple visual format like the example on the next slide Transportation Problems.
Dr. Ron Tibben-Lembke. Transportation Problems. Linear programming is good at solving problems
with zillions of options, and finding the optimal solution. Could it work for transportation problems?
Costs are linear, and shipment quantities are linear, so maybe so. 0% Transportation Problem •
Network Representation 1 d1 c11 1 c12 s1 c13 2 d2 c21 c22 2 s2 c23 3 d3 SOURCES
DESTINATIONS Vogel’s Approximation Method (VAM)(2 of 5) - VAM allocates as much as
possible to the minimum cost cell in the row or column with the largest penalty cost. The Initial VAM
Allocation PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS Download
presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a
presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server.
Transshipment Problem • Transshipment problems are transportation problems in which a shipment
may move through intermediate nodes (transshipment nodes) before reaching a particular destination
node. • Transshipment problems can be converted to larger transportation problems and solved by a
special transportation program. • Transshipment problems can also be solved by general purpose
linear programming codes. • The network representation for a transshipment problem with two
sources, three intermediate nodes, and two destinations is shown below. c36 3 c13 c37 1 6 s1 d1 c14
c46 c15 4 Demand c47 Supply c23 c56 c24 7 2 d2 s2 c25 5 c57 Destinations Sources Intermediate
Nodes MNGT 379 Operations Research The Transportation and Assignment Problems. Chapter 9:
Hillier and Lieberman Chapter 7: Decision Tools for Agribusiness Dr. Hurley’s AGB 328 Course.
Terms to Know. Hungarian Algorithm for Solving Assignment Problems • Step 1: Find the minimum
from each row and subtract from every number in the corresponding row making a new table • Step
2: Find the minimum from each column and subtract from every number in the corresponding
column making a new table • Step 3: Test to see whether an optimal assignment can be made by
examining the minimum number of lines needed to cover all the zeros • If the number of lines
corresponds to the number of rows, you have the optimal and you should go to step 6 • If the number
of lines does not correspond to the number of rows, go to step 4 Example: BBC-1 • LP Formulation
• Decision Variables Defined xij = amount shipped from plant i to suburb j where i = 1 (Plant 1) and
2 (Plant 2) j = 1 (Northwood), 2 (Westwood), and 3 (Eastwood) Transportation Model ExampleQM
for Windows Solution (continued) PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT
PROBLEMS Transportation and Assignment Problems. The Transportation Model Solution of a
Transportation Problem The Assignment Model Solution of the Assignment Model. Transportation
and Assignment Problems Overview. Chapter 7 Transportation, Assignment and Transshipment
Problems. Applications of Network Optimization. Applications. Physical analog of nodes. Physical
analog of arcs. Flow. Communication systems. phone exchanges, computers, transmission facilities,
satellites. Cables, fiber optic Example: Who Does What? Network Representation 50 West. A 36 16
Subcontractors Projects 28 30 Fed. B 18 32 35 Gol. C 20 25 25 Univ. 14 MNGT 379 Operations
Research James Munkers (1957) surveyed the calculation and watched that it is (unequivocally)
polynomial. From that point forward the 6. Transportation Problem - Matrix Transportation Cost of
route AB (from Factory A to Store B) Is Total Supply = Total Demand? Assignment assume a vital
part when relegating employments to the specialists. It is exceptionally vital target in mathematics
and is additionally discussed in genuine physical world. In this paper, we examine another method
for solving an assignment problem. Additionally, the numerical illustrations has been given to
comprehend the procedure of proposed algorithm. KEY WORDS: Assignment problem, ... [Show
full abstract] Visualizing the Transportation Model • When trying to model a transportation model, it
is usually useful to draw a network diagram of the problem you are examining • A network diagram
shows all the sources, destinations, and unit cost for each source to each destination in a simple
visual format like the example on the next slide Chapter 7 Transportation, Assignment and
Transshipment Problems. Applications of Network Optimization. Applications. Physical analog of
nodes. Physical analog of arcs. Flow. Communication systems. phone exchanges, computers,
transmission facilities, satellites. Cables, fiber optic which number of offices are to be doled out to
an equivalent number of employments, where every administrator can do just a single Did you find
mistakes in interface or texts? Or do you know how to improve StudyLib UI? Feel free to send
suggestions. Its very important for us! Content uploaded by Dr. Bhavin S Patel © 2013 - 2024
studylib.net all other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners 3. What
is a transportation problem? Product VS Period Costs – Answer Key 15. Special Cases • Multiple
optimum solution – A scenario where multiple routes have same overall cost. • Unbalanced
transportation problem - If total supply not equal to total demand • Degeneracy – number of positive
allocations < (number of rows + number of columns -1) • Maximization Algorithm for Transportation
Simplex Method Cont. • An Iteration • Determine the entering basic variable by selecting the
nonbasic variable having the largest negative value for cij– ui– vj • Determine the leaving basic
variable by identifying the chain of swaps required to maintain feasibility • Select the basic variable
having the smallest variable from the donor cells • Determine the new basic feasible solution by
adding the value of the leaving basic variable to the allocation for each recipient cell. • Subtract this
value from the allocation of each donor cell © 2013 - 2024 studylib.net all other trademarks and
copyrights are the property of their respective owners The Minimum Cell Cost Method(1 of 3) - In
the minimum cell cost method as much as possible is allocated to the cell with the minimum cost
followed by allocation to the feasible cell with minimum cost. The Initial Minimum Cell Cost
Allocation The Second Minimum Cell Cost Allocation PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND
ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS Characteristics of Assignment Problems • The number of assignees
and the number of task are the same • Each assignee is to be assigned exactly one task • Each task is
to be assigned by exactly one assignee • There is a cost associated with each combination of an
assignee performing a task • The objective is to determine how all of the assignments should be made
to minimize the total cost The Stepping-Stone Solution Method(9 of 12) - Check to see if the
solution is optimal. The Stepping-Stone Path for Cell 2A The Stepping-Stone Path for Cell 1B
PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS 8. Explain Vogel’s
approximation method by obtaining initial feasible solution of the following transportation problem
The Stepping-Stone Solution Method(11 of 12) - The stepping-stone process is repeated until none
of the empty cells will reduce costs (i.e., an optimal solution). - In example, evaluation of four paths
indicates no cost reductions, therefore Table 19 solution is optimal. - Solution and total minimum
cost : x1A = 25 tons, x2C = 175 tons, x3A = 175 tons, x1C = 125 tons, x3B = 100 tons Z = $6(25) +
8(0) + 10(125) + 7(0) + 11(0) + 11(175) + 4(175) + 5(100) + 12(0) = $4,525 PN5033 -
TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS
Transportation, Assignment, and Transshipment. Professor Ahmadi. Chapter 7 Transportation,
Assignment, and Transshipment Problems. The Transportation Problem: The Network Model and a
Linear Programming Formulation The Assignment Problem: The Network Model and a Linear
Programming Formulation The Modified Distribution Method (MODI)(6 of 6) - Cost changes for
the empty cells, cij - ui - vj = kij; x1B: k1B = c1B - u1 - vB = 8 - 0 - 7 = +1 x2A: k2A = c2A - u2 -
vA = 7 - 1 - 6 = 0 x2B: k2B = c2B - u2 - vB = 11 - 1 -7 = +3 x3C: k2B = c2B - u3 - vC = 12 - (-2) -
10 = +4 - Since none of the values are negative, solution obtained is optimal. - Cell 2A with a zero
cost change indicates a multiple optimal solution. PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND
ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS - Recomputing ui and vj values: x1A: u1 + vA = 6, vA = 6 x1C: u1 +
vC = 10, vC = 10 x2C: u2 + vC = 11, u2 = 1 x3A: u3 + vA = 4, u3 = -2 x3B: u3 + vB = 5, vB = 7
The Modified Distribution Method (MODI)(5 of 6) The New ui and vj Values for the Second
Iteration PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS Chapter 7
Transportation, Assignment and Transshipment Problems. Applications of Network Optimization.
Applications. Physical analog of nodes. Physical analog of arcs. Flow. Communication systems.
phone exchanges, computers, transmission facilities, satellites. Cables, fiber optic Save The problem
may have a rectangular matrix or a square matrix. Transportation Problems • Transportation problems
are characterized by problems that are trying to distribute commodities from any supply center,
known as sources, to any group of receiving centers, known as destinations • Two major assumptions
are needed in these types of problems: • The Requirements Assumption • The Cost Assumption
Transportation and Assignment Problems • The Transportation Model • Solution of a Transportation
Problem • The Assignment Model • Solution of the Assignment Model PN5033 -
TRANSPORTATION AND ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS Example: Zeron Shelving • Linear
Programming Formulation • Decision Variables Defined xij = amount shipped from manufacturer i to
supplier j xjk = amount shipped from supplier j to customer k where i = 1 (Arnold), 2 (Supershelf) j =
3 (Zeron N), 4 (Zeron S) k = 5 (Zrox), 6 (Hewes), 7 (Rockrite) • Objective Function Defined
Minimize Overall Shipping Costs: Min 5x13 + 8x14 + 7x23 + 4x24 + 1x35 + 5x36 + 8x37 + 3x45 +
4x46 + 4x47 • Constraints Defined Amount Out of Arnold: x13 + x14< 75 Amount Out of
Supershelf: x23 + x24< 75 Amount Through Zeron N: x13 + x23 - x35 - x36 - x37 = 0 Amount
Through Zeron S: x14 + x24 - x45 - x46 - x47 = 0 Amount Into Zrox: x35 + x45 = 50 Amount Into
Hewes: x36 + x46 = 60 Amount Into Rockrite: x37 + x47 = 40 Non-negativity of Variables: xij> 0,
for all i and j. MNGT 379 Operations Research Transportation Problem • Network Representation 1
d1 c11 1 c12 s1 c13 2 d2 c21 c22 2 s2 c23 3 d3 SOURCES DESTINATIONS Chapter 7
Transportation, Assignment, and Transshipment Problems. Math 305 2008. Special Types of LPs.
Have used linear programming to formulate and solve two types of problem: © 2024 SlideServe. All
rights reserved Chapter 7: Transportation, assignment and transshipment problems. Consists of nodes
representing a set of origins and a set of destinations . An arc is used to represent the route from each
origins to each destinations. Each origin has a supply and each destination has a demand. Business
The Stepping-Stone Solution Method(3 of 12) - Must subtract one ton from another allocation along
that row. The Subtraction of One Ton from Cell 1B PN5033 - TRANSPORTATION AND
ASSIGNMENT PROBLEMS Balanced Transportation Problem If Total supply equals to total
demand, the problem is said to be a balanced transportation problem: Transportation Problems. Joko
Waluyo , Ir., MT., PhD Dept. of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering. Outline. Introduction.
Solution Procedure for Transportation Problem. Finding an Initial Feasible Solution. Finding the
Optimal Solution. Transportation, Assignment, and Transshipment. Professor Ahmadi. Chapter 7
Transportation, Assignment, and Transshipment Problems. The Transportation Problem: The Network
Model and a Linear Programming Formulation The Assignment Problem: The Network Model and a
Linear Programming Formulation Learning Objectives. Structure special LP problems using the
transportation and assignment modelsUse the northwest corner, VAM, MODI, and stepping-stone
methodsSolve facility location and other application problems with transportation modelsSolve
assignment problems with the Hungarian (matrix red Economics Transportation Models - Business
Management Courses James Munkers (1957) surveyed the calculation and watched that it is
(unequivocally) polynomial. From that point forward the dole out or allot every asset to just a single
action (occupation) and the other way around with the end goal that the powerful estimation has
Example: Zeron Shelving The Northside and Southside facilities of Zeron Industries supply three
firms (Zrox, Hewes, Rockrite) with customized shelving for its offices. They both order shelving
from the same two manufacturers, Arnold Manufacturers and Supershelf, Inc. Currently weekly
demands by the users are 50 for Zrox, 60 for Hewes, and 40 for Rockrite. Both Arnold and
Supershelf can supply at most 75 units to its customers. Because of long standing contracts based on
past orders, unit costs from the manufacturers to the suppliers are: Zeron NZeron S Arnold 5 8
Supershelf 7 4 The costs to install the shelving at the various locations are: ZroxHewesRockrite
Thomas 1 5 8 Washburn 3 4 4 MNGT 379 Operations Research Book back answers and solution for
Exercise questions - Operations Research: Transportation Problem: Methods of finding initial Basic
Feasible Solutions Introduction to Management Science 8th Edition by Bernard W. Taylor III.
Chapter 6 Transportation, Transshipment, and Assignment Problems. Chapter Topics. The
Transportation Model Computer Solution of a Transportation Problem The Assignment Model
Computer Solution of the Assignment Model. 3. Vogel’s Method Begin with computing each row
and column a penalty. The penalty will be equal to the difference between the two smallest shipping
costs in the row or column. Identify the row or column with the largest penalty. Find the first basic
variable which has the smallest shipping cost in that row or column. Then assign the highest possible
value to that variable, and cross-out the row or column as in the previous methods. Compute new
penalties and use the same procedure. Introduction to Management Science 8th Edition by Bernard
W. Taylor III. Chapter 10 Transportation, Transshipment, and Assignment Problems. Chapter Topics.
The Transportation Model Computer Solution of a Transportation Problem The Assignment Model