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ROBOTICS AUTOMATION
ROBOT

[ ROBOT
AND
ROBOTICS ]
 Who am I ?
A robot is a type of automated machine that
can do specific tasks with little or no human
requirement and with speed and precision.

According to Oxford English Dictionary,

“ A machine capable
of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically,
especially one programmable by a computer.”
What is robotics?
• It is a science, which deals with the issues related
to design, manufacturing, usages of robots.

• In Robotics, we use the fundamental of Physics,

Mathematics, Mechanical Engg, Electrical Engg,
Electronics Engg, Computer Science and other
branches of science.
History of robot and robotics

• The modern term robot derives from the Czech

word robota (“forced labour” or “serf”), used in Karel Čapek’s play
Rossum’s Universal Robot R.U.R. (1920).

• The first digitally operated and programmable robot was invented

by George Devol in 1954 and was ultimately called the “Unimate”.

• The word robotics first appeared in Isaac Asimov’s science-fiction

story Runaround (1942).
Purpose to build robots

To cope with increasing demands of dynamic and

competitive market, modern manufacturing methods
should be satisfy the following requirements:
• reduced production cost
• increased productivity
• improved product quality
Types of robots
From the 0.2 millimeter-long “RoboBee” to the 200 meter-long
robotic shipping vessel “Vindskip”

• Pre-programmed robots
• Humanoid robot
• Autonomous robot
• Tele-operated robots
• Augmenting robots
Pre-programmed robots
• Pre-programmed robots operate in
a controlled environment where
they do simple, monotonous tasks.
• They are programmed for only
specific task.
• An example of a pre-programmed
robot would be a mechanical arm
on an automotive assembly line.
Humanoid robots
Humanoid robots are robots that look like and/or mimic human
behavior. These robots usually perform human-like activities (like
running, jumping and carrying objects),
Autonomous robot
Autonomous robots operate independently of human operators.
These robots are usually designed to carry out tasks in open
environments that do not require human supervision.
Tele-operated robot
Tele-operated robots are mechanical bots controlled by humans.
These robots usually work in extreme geographical conditions,
weather, circumstances, etc
Augmenting robot
Augmenting robots either enhance current
human capabilities or replace the
capabilities a human may have lost.
Use of robots

Industries&
Factories
Home
Logistics
Medical
Defense
Robots can increase productivity, efficiency, quality and consistency of products:
• robots don’t get bored and they can do the same thing again and again
• They are very accurate (manufacturing of microelectronics)

• Robots can work in environments which are unsafe for humans – in the nuclear or
chemical industries
• Don’t need any environmental requirements like –lighting, air conditioning or
noise protection or entertainment.
• They have some sensors/actuators which are more capable than humans
• Robots can create economic problems if they replace human jobs.
• They can’t improve as they are programmed.
• They don’t have such powerful brains, and cannot compete with a
human’s ability.
• Robot don’t have feeling and emotionas.
• Robots are very costly – in terms of the initial cost, maintenance, the
need for extra components and the need to be programmed to do the
task.