TEST CODE 02125020

FORM TP 2012193 MAY/JUNE 2012

CARIBBEAN E XAM I NAT I O N S COUNCIL

ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION

GEOGRAPHY

POPULATION GEOGRAPHY, GEOMORPHIC

PROCESSES AND HAZARDS

UNIT 1 ‒ Paper 02

3 hours

15 MAY 2012 (p.m.)

READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY.

1. This paper consists of SEVEN questions. Answer FOUR questions as

indicated below.

2. Section A consists of ONE question testing practical skills. This is

compulsory.

3. Section B consists of SIX questions. Answer THREE questions, ONE

from EACH Module.

4. Answers must be written in the answer booklet provided.

5. A map extract is provided for Question 1.

6. All diagrams must be well labelled.

7. The use of silent, non-programmable calculators is permitted.

8. The use of geometrical instruments is permitted.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

Copyright © 2010 Caribbean Examinations Council

All rights reserved.

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SECTION A

Answer this compulsory question.

1. Study the map extract of Basseterre, St. Christopher (provided as an insert) which is on a scale
of 1:25 000 and answer the following questions.

(a) (i) Describe the form and functions of the city of Basseterre. [6 marks]

(ii) Describe THREE ways in which relief has influenced the distribution and pattern
of the villages shown on the map extract. [9 marks]

A grid (Figure 1) is provided as an insert for this question.

(b) (i) With the aid of a well-labelled sketch map of Basseterre, St Christopher (use the
grid provided in Figure 1) compare THREE main characteristics of the southern
and eastern coastlines of the map extract. [11 marks]

(ii) Suggest TWO factors which may explain the characteristics shown in (b) (i) above.
[4 marks]

(c) Study Photograph A (Figure 2), provided as an insert, which shows Gleebruk Village
before the tsunami of 2004, and Photograph B (Figure 3), also provided as an insert,
which shows the village after the tsunami, and answer the following questions:

(i) Describe the effect of the tsunami on Gleebruk Village. [5 marks]

(ii) Define the term ‘tsunami’. [2 marks]

(iii) Suggest TWO possible causes of tsunamis. [2 marks]

(d) You are coordinator of disaster management for the part of St. Christopher shown on the
map extract. You are required to:

(i) Name and locate ONE area where a tsunami would pose a hazard. [2 marks]

(ii) Outline TWO different strategies that could mitigate the effects of the occurrence
of a tsunami in the area identified in (d) (i). [4 marks]

Total 45 marks

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SECTION B

Answer THREE questions from this section, ONE question from EACH Module.

MODULE 1

Answer ONE question.

2. (a) Study the two pyramids in Figure 4 showing the population structure for Japan in 1950
and 2008, and answer the questions that follow.

1950 2008
Male Female Male Female
90
80 1 4.9% 1 21.5%

II6500
g 70

1 59.7% 1 65.0%
£a 3400
< 20
10 I 35.4% 13.5%
0
6 44 22 00 2 2 4 4 6 6 66 4 22 00 22 4 4 6 6
Millions Millions Millions
Figure 4. Changes in the population structure of Japan

(Source: Waugh David, Geography, an Integrated Approach,

4th edition, Nelson Thornes, p. 360 adapted)

(i) State the term that BEST describes the population structure shown in

a) 1950
b) 2008. [2 marks]

(ii) Is between
Suggest TWO reasons for the change in the shape o f the pyramids between 1950
1950
and 2008. [4[4marks]
marks]

(b) With
With reference
reference to
to aa named
named country,
country,

(i) population
describe the policy implemented to deal with its rapidly growing population
[4 marks]

(ii) outline TWO benefits and TWO problems

probler resulting from the policy
icy described
described in
in
(b) (i). [4[4marks]
marks]

(c) Discuss
Discuss THREE
THREE causes
causes and
and THREE
THREE consequer
consequences o f gentrification in more
more developed
developed
countries (MDCs). [16
[16marks]
marks]

Total 30 marks

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3. (a) Study the map in Figure 5 which shows the population density in Brazil and answer the
questions that follow.

3
Densely
populated

2 Moderately
populated

1 Sparsely
populated

Figure 5. Population density in Brazil

(Source: Waugh David, Geography, an Integrated Approach,

4th edition, Nelson Thornes, p. 347 adapted)

(i) Namethe
Name themethod
methodused
usedon
onthe
themap
maptoto depict
depictpopulation
population density.
density. [1[1mark]
mark]

(ii) State ONE advantage and TWO disadvantages o f the method as used on the map
in Figure 5. [3[3marks]
marks]

(b) Describe
Describe

(i) the rank-size rule [5

[5 marks]
marks]

(ii) urban primacy. [3

[3 marks]
marks]

(c) Writean
Write anessay
essaytotoassess
assessthe
theeconomic
economicimpact
impactandandsocial
socialimpact
impactooffinternational
internationalmigration
migration
on the area o f origin and the area o f destination. Include at least THREE points for each
impact on each area. [18
[18 marks]
marks]

Total 30 marks

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MODULE 2

Answer ONE question.

4. (a) Study Figure 6 which shows the profile o f a beach and breaking wave, and answer the
questions that follow.

B
A Sandy beach

Figure 6. Profile of a beach and breaking wave

Identify the

(i) type o f wave depicted in Figure 6 [1 mark]

(ii) feature labelled A [1 mark]

(iii) processes labelled B and C. [2 marks]

(b) With reference to the hydrological cycle, define EACH o f the following terms:

(i) Infiltration capacity [2 marks]

(ii) Interception storage [2 marks]

(iii) Potential evapotranspiration [2 marks]

(iv) Water table [2 marks]

(c) With the aid o f well-labelled diagrams, explain THREE ways in which the channel shape
affects the efficiency o f the stream. [18 marks]

Total 30 marks

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5. Study Figure 7 which illustrates Darwin’s theory o f coral reef formation and answer the questions
that follow.

Feature B
Present sea level

Process C ^

Past sea level

Process D

Feature A

Figure 7. Illustrating coral island formation

(a) Identify the following:

(i) Feature
Feature AA and
and Feature
Feature BB [2 marks]

(ii) ProcessCCand
Process andProcess
ProcessDD [2 marks]

(b) Explain how limestone solution is influenced by

(i) climate
climate [4 marks]

(ii) joints and bedding planes. [4 marks]

(c) Explain how EACH o f the following threatens coral reefs.

(i) Climate change [6 marks]

(ii) Extraction o f reef fish [6 marks]

iii)
(iii) Nearby
Nearby built
builtdevelopments
developments [6 marks]

Total 30 marks

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MODULE 3

Answer ONE question.

6. (a) Describe TWO types o f flooding. [6 marks]

(b) Explain the concept o f a ‘seismic gap’. [3 marks]

(c) Using examples, and with the aid o f diagrams, explain the formation o f THREE types of
landforms that are associated with the convergence o f TWO oceanic plates. [21 marks]

Total 30 marks

7. Study Figure 8 which shows the Disaster Management Cycle and answer the questions that follow.

PREVENTION OR MITIGATION OR
MITIGATION PREVENTION

DISASTER MANAGEMENT
N

DISASTER

Figure 8. Disaster Management Cycle

(a) (i) There are FOUR key phases o f the Disaster Management Cycle. One o f the phases,
prevention or mitigation, is named in the diagram. Name the TWO phases labelled
M and N. [2 marks]

(ii) List TWO activities that would be undertaken in Phase N. [2 marks]

(b) Citing specific examples, describe TWO secondary effects o f volcanic eruptions.
[8 marks]

(c) Write an essay explaining how the eruptive style ofvolcanoes is affected by the characteristics
o f the magma. [18 marks]

Total 30 marks
END OF TEST

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.

02125020/CAPE 2012
 TEST CODE 02125020
FORM TP 2012193 MAY/JUNE 2012

CARIBBEAN E XAM I NAT I O N S COUNCIL

ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION
GEOGRAPHY

UNIT 1 – Paper 02

Grid for Question 1 (b) (i) Centre Number .............................................

Candidate’s Number ....................................

Figure 1. Sketch of Basseterre, St Christopher

TO BE ATTACHED TO YOUR ANSWER BOOKLET

02125020/CAPE 2012
 TEST CODE 02125020
FORM TP 2012193 MAY/JUNE 2012

CARIBBEAN E XAM I NAT I O N S COUNCIL

ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION
GEOGRAPHY

UNIT 1 – Paper 02

Photograph A for Question 1 (c)

Figure 2. Photograph A – before Tsunami at Gleebruk Village (Banda Aceh South)

Source – http://homepage.mac.com/demark/tsunami/14.html

02125020/CAPE 2012
 TEST CODE 02125020
FORM TP 2012193 MAY/JUNE 2012

CARIBBEAN E XAM I NAT I O N S COUNCIL

ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION
GEOGRAPHY

UNIT 1 – Paper 02
Photograph B for Question 1 (c)

Figure 3. Photograph B – after Tsunami at Gleebruk Village (Banda Aceh South)

Source – http://homepage.mac.com/demark/tsunami/14.html

02125020/CAPE 2012