om CBATOUNEM W MACIERWHBOE CHEX . CBATOUHELE CMEX Cpephenexossie UpasqHmaK fypakos (c HX yBeHYaHMAMM Me pas- BeHYaHVAMM, OCMeAHMCM BBICOKOLO, BOSBeAMYCHMeEM HUBKOFO) clIpas- NANMCL B ONPeseseUnELt Nepwos: B ReHb cw. Gredbana (27 pexadpa), B AeHb (HEBMHEBIX MaageHnes» (29 qeKaOpa), na Hossrit rox (1 an- Bapa), B AeHb SorosBienua (6 aHBapa), B Meanos yep (24 mons).! Bee orm AH, 3a MCKMOUeHMeM MocMeAHero, UPUXOATCA Ha Tak Ha- BBIBACMOe FBeHAAMATHHeBbe Mery pomyectBom mu GoroxBAeHMeM (25 yexa6pa—6 supapa). Ha Pyon, Tak ke Kak HW na Bamaye, BpeMA MexKLy posecTBoM HM GOrOABAeHHeEM MpoXoNMIO B HAapOLABIX NpasiwecrBax, compoRox- WaBUXcA Mepeosesanuamu, Mackuposanuem, OyiinbiMa urpamM. IToT Hepwoy, HasEBatca cBaTKamu. Ipeqcrapuaetca wechyyaiinnim mpH- YpoumBanne ero K pomfecTBeHCKOMY WMKIy. Tipasyunn pomyecrsa Sr BoNAoMeHUeM used AByMupHocTH. Bor come: Ha semmo, «ipersonus ueGecar. Hacboc mpasquosanma ga- KUlO4acA B TOM, ITO coelMUMOCh GomecKoe u MeMOBeIecKoe, Boue- uosernsmuch, Mucye Xpucroc tem campim HHapen Gora Yo wenoReKa, a weroReka nogums 40 Sora. Poatyectso Kak Om ympasyimn0 roms- Tue Bepxa H HH3sa—He6o crazo semucii, a 3emMxa HeOoM,—m oTMe- uMN0 BeAYeCKyI0 Mepapxmo: Gor «B pabex KecapeRbim moBencumem HallucaTuca WoKopen WM Hac, padel CyMIIA, Bpata HM rpexa cBodonmt ecu».2 Tema ne6a, craBmero semueli, mu semi, npespatuBmeiica B nebo, Onia Bexyuei pompectBencKoi Temoii: «Hedo nm seman Wuech copokyuuca, poxypmyca Xpucry, quecp Gor wa semao upu- ue, W Yesonek ua HeGeca Babige».> B Sorocayenm nenocs: Xpu- cToc porkfacres, (fa HWKMAH ¢ BEIMTAMMA coBoKynuT».* Jauarpnii Pocronckmit nonTopHa sty MBIcIn, Korga BR cRoeit PompecrsencKoit npame puomna p ycta He6a cxexylomue cxopa o Xpucre: 1 Baxrun_M. M. Tsopyectso Mpancya PaGbze u wapoxmad KyaBtypa cper- Hesexospa u Peneccanca. M., 1965, c. 83. 2 Munes caysednas. M., 1768, 29 nexadpa, x. 354 06. 3 Munea cayxeOuan, 25 nexadpa, at. 302, ‘Munes cayxeOnaa, 2 ansapa, a. 21 06. 154Toit ws, neGo, Mperaonmn, ma TH, seme, crite: Youower Ooietn, veTOReR ja a HeG0 BAIT. Byyemm sue, nerinromy. ney, upuoduenna, Ag — seman, ‘Tot 7Ke HeOoM OyjeMls Hapesemna, fIxo ake Gor Hapeven m ecth YesOReKoM, Cmepren vexoner — Gorom stimpnnt no nex neKOM.® B POR PECTRE WPOTHBOTOTOAHOCTH Whpash W MeHAIHCh MecTaMH: «Besniornnit — ponuwonjaercs, coBo — oedenmBaer, HeBHHMBLt — BUTCH, m Meoctsaembii — ocasaercH, u Gesnavarpubtit — uaima- eres, cbin Somumit — crim 4enoBex SpiBaet».© Boecuupuntit Gor u ne- MODIUBt Malenen CoeAMAAINCh B O{HOM IMC, OjUNX oTa MBICID K nocranonsenmo Crormazoro co6opa u Kk mapexoit rpamore 1648 r., nocnannoit 8 bearopogz, momno upnOaBnrh yka3 naTpwapxa @uxapeta or 24 nexaGpa 1627 v., «mamarb» 1649 r. BepxorypcKoro Boesonnt Paha Bcesonzoxcnoro upukasuuky Vp6urcKoit caobopnt Tpuropmio Bapwduny.!® Canyetemscrna TlosyeMuyeCKOro XApakTepa O CBATOUHBIX urpuigax YrasEBalor wa cToliKocTh sToro ansenua. Cyzs mo maTpmapmemy yrasy 1684 r., Malo 410 usMeHMZOcD co Bpemen Crormasoro coGopa: 38 Cnerropcnuit EB, TpoSsemst commaasnoit dhuanen » XVII cronernm, 7. 2. Kuer, 1917, c. 393. 4 Groraan. CI6., 1863, c. 141, 261. agi Heanoe Hl. Ormeante rocyxapetnennoro apxmsa crapsx Fez. M. 1850, a . © Axrst mcropmueckue, coGpaumie 1 maqanuste Apxeorpadmueckoit xKo- amecneii, 7. TIT. CHG. 1844, N92; 7. TV, CHG, 1802, Ne 35. 156«Befomo Benmkomy rocuojuny cBareiimemy Woakumy marpnapxy | Mockoscxomy u neces Poccuu yunuuuoch, vro Ha Mockse we xpana- gye sakona Oovtua ... B 24 umcue, B HaBewepum pomectBa Muncy Xpuctowa, HenakasanHMM My%KecKaro Nowy m *KeHCKAa COOpaBcA MHO- THM “4HCIOM OT CTAPHIX H MOJOMLIX, MyKH OC WCHAMM MU CBR, XOMAT mo yiulamM u WepeyaKam, K GecuoBaunsIM m GeconckuM necHAM, CHO- #KCHHEIM UMM, MHOTHA CKBEPHOCHOBMA WPHCOBOKYMAAIOT HW WiACanMA TBOPAT Ha pasxKenue OLyAHLIX HeyMCTOT H UpowwX Trpexomajennit. WI upeobpaxatomecn B nenoyoGusia or Gora cosjanun, oOpas uen0- pevecknii Upemenaionye, GecopcKoe HM KyMMpCKoe amar, KocMaTBIE _H WHIM Geconckumn yxXMIIpeHbMn cojeanHDIe OOpasbl Ha ceba Ha- FeBaloule, WincaMbMM M UpOwWMM yUMXpeHDMU UpaBocmaBnDix xpu- cTHAH UpeILUlaioT, OTBpalMalouje oT CBATLIAN GomeCTREHHBIA WepKBU HM OT UpasjiwecTBa TOpAKeCTBeEHHAarO poxtecTBa Cnacutena natiero Gora, upusogir B fyuienaryOuntit rpex. Taxom mu mo pomecrze VMucyc Xpuctoze, Bo Bo uageceTh ANex FO Kpemenua rocnoya namero Vucyc Xpucra, Takopan u Oecosckaa urpaluma Hu 1030- pula cogesalor wa Mperecrh um cosas MpaRocxaBnnm xpucTH- anom».!7 . Hak 6yqro 6st Bce upuBexeuuEIe foKYMeHTH roBopaAT oO mOmHOIt H30UMpoBanHOCTH CBATOUHLIX Urpuil oT opunmarLnoit KYUbTypbt. Mi rpamyauckue snactu, m Wepkosp ocyatjaior ux Kak «GecoBcKney: Ho ectb cpujeTembcrBa, yKasbiBaiomue Ha To, 4T0 oduuarpnan, cepbesiad KyMbTypa He BCera MpoTMBOcTOANA yaMXHOMy UpasyHe- crpy. Bp MoMeHTHI, Korya Hocre_uce ABAAOCh KaK OBI Upopos- *EHMCM TepBoit M CCIM He UPAMO caNKiMOHMpoBaTOCh, TO BO BCAKOM caytae MomTaIMBO TOsBOTATOCL cBbIie. YOMALY cBUseTeNDCTBO aKH- tua Voanna Ileponona. B monojoctu Moann Heponos, 6yyam pes- HuTereM Oxarouectun, ObIn ofMarKLI aKeCTOKO usbOMT pPrIKCHBIMM, He ToKeraBWuMA cxymaTE ero o6uuuenus. J7o Oa0 B Bouorge na CBATKAX, (KOTa HepasyMHMM JOM OOMKOMAa coOMpaTucA Ha GecoB- cka UIpwUla Mare MpoOuMx jell, HaNaraIoMe Ha WHA CBOA AMINE pasHEIA crpamiubia Mo Mo_odm AemoncKux spaxon».'® MH ormx pa- wmenix Moann yaujex Baxoqamunn us apxuepeiicKoro joMa. Apxm- epelicnuit yom —upudexmme caarounnx urpuny. SHauuT, mommMo HeUpuATuA, BbIpAKeHHOTO sBallpeTMTeMDHMIMM yKa3zamMu, OBO 1 Upusitue, Specs crezyer oOparurpca K oOpay memumoro pelicrBa. «Ba He- Jemo fo porkjecrBa conepmaerca ene oOpag ...: Kamei enuckom B cBoeii coOopHoit WepKBM WoKasbIBacT Tpex OTPOKoB, ropanux B elu, Kyla anrem cieraer ¢ TepROBHON Kpblild, K Beamyaiiiiemy YauBIenMIo spuTeuei, Upu MHOAKECTBe DEIMIaloMMxX Orne, BpomsBo- AUMELX WOCpeyCTBOM TlopOXa Tak HasbIBaeMBIMH XadjeiillaMM, KOTOpBIE B DpofomKenne Bcex ABeHaqNaru uel AouAHEI OeraTh MO roposy, 7 Tlomnoe coGpanne saxonos Poccuiicxoit ummepnm, 1. Il (1676—1698). CII6., 1830, N 1104, c. 647. 18 Marepmamsl [IA MCTOpUM pacKoNa 3a WepBoe BpeMs ero cymyecTRORA- nus, 7. I. Hoy peg. H. Cy66ormua, [M., 1875], c. 246—247. 457TlepeofeTHe B MIyYTOBCKOe MiaTbe WH [ewan pasHble CMeIIHBIC MIYTKu, UTOOLI OKUBUTL OOpA, coBepmiaemBlit eumcKonom. B Mockse napp M Mapua Bera OnBaior upu vToM TopaxecrRe»,|? — nucam MOOEI- Basi B Mockse B 1588 r. Dueryep. «Xarqeiinsy — 9T0 yuacTHUKM unHA MemHoro jelicrBa, MCHOUHM- Team pone Myyuveseii rpex orpoxos, boro obbiKuoBeHMe paspe~ maT um Gerarb PHKCHLIMH HO Tropojly B Tevennme BCerO BpeMeHT craton. Ilo caujerenpersy Ajjama Oneapnsa, «xanjeiinpm nonywann or TlarpHapxa jlosBosenite Gerarh 110 ropojly B TeTeHHe 8 Telit To poapectaa u 8 jueii—nocie, BUAOTh [lO KpellleHmA, C MoTenHEIM orHeM B pyKax, WoyKUTaTh BosbI cena, OopopE. Ofersr «xasjem» Hpi 9TOM OBI KaK MaCICHMUNbIe MYTH, Ha rOuOBAaX HOCH jepe- BAMHBIe packpallenuble MANET u Gopossr OOMaspBanH MejjoM.?° Csarounsie pamenbie, CTaso Onrrh, BHIXOMIH Ha YTHObI WpAMOo u3 xpamos, Unn nenguoro jeiicrsa®! copepmianca upuMepHo 3a He- femio Wo pow ecTBa: mud0 B Heed CBATHIX WpaoTel, ec poxtjie- CTBO TIPHXOMILOCh Ha MOHCCIbHNK Wi BTOPHIK, mm60 B Hejlestio CBATHIX OTE, ECM PO*KECTBO TOMa_alo Ha pyrue UATS jel. On 6nim yacrbio crymOnr yrpenu. B jenp jeiicrsa upu neHuM Kanona YIPeHH cejbMad u BOCbMaA ero Mech (TeMa KOTOPbIX — My¥eHTe TpeX OTPOKOB, HE LOACMABINUX NOKMOHUTbCA BETXOZABETHOMY HyRouLy ) COUPOBOAKLaIMch CBAMECHHOeHCTRUAMH, COCTABIABINUMH Tenynoe ReitcrBo. Hocpezune xpama ycranaBamgaiach nemb. Orpoxm uw «xai- Hew» B OCOOBIX Hapaax BXOAMIM B WepkoBb BMecTe GC TaTpwapxom Wm apxuepeem (jelicTBo Mormo ycrpauBarbca He TOMbKO B Mpucyt- CTBUH UaTpapxa, HO U B COOOPHEIX IepKBaX pH MUTpOMOMMTe WAM apxmenuckone). dareM OTPOKM BBOUTNCh B auTapb, a Wepey| HayaoM THA UX BEBOLMT OTTY[a HACTARHUK CBAZANHBIMM 3a UTM AMHHBIM TOWOTEHIEM Tak, YTO OH KOHEM CFO HaxojMICH ChepesM, a Bropoii c3ayu. Hacrapuuk Bpyyal OTpokos O*KMaBINUM 1X «XameAM>, I Te BBOAUIN Ux B Hemp. B To BpeMA Kak OTpOKM pacneBaun B LeU KaHou, «Xaupen» pasrynuBann BOKpyr Teng c¢ ocoGoro pofla «xam- HelicKHMM cBeIaMM), TabMaMm WU TpyOKaMuM, HalomHeHABIMM rop10- © @aeruep Joe. O rocynaperne Pyccnom. CHI6., 4914, ©. 164. 2 Adan Oacapwit. Ouucame nyremectsun » Mocxosmo u uepes MocKo- mo 8 Tepemto 1 oOparno. CI6., 1906, c. 301, 2 Sror wun Guim nanecten ua Pycm mo xpi Mopo ¢ mauasa XVI xp. (raK faTupyetca nanGones patuan pyKonuch, ero cofepmaniaa). Kocnenune cBEeTesbeTna oO cymecrRoBanua y Hac oOpaa uemnoro peiicrga B XIV B. naxofatcr B Xonjenmm Vrnarna Caoannanmma (1389—1405 rr.), Mccmeno- BATeN YRABEIBAIOT Ha MpoMcxoente OSpata us Busawran, Ca: Hunoav- crud K. O enyw6ax pyccxoit wepxsn, Ouuinvx » upesuMx mexatHEIx Gor0- cayaeOunix KHUrax, CLG, 1885, c, 169—190; Kpacnoceasyee Hf. ©, O uemuom jelicrse. 3amevanua mu nonpankm x craTse M. Capnnona.— Pyecemit duxos0- ruyeckuii Bectaux, 1891, 7. XXVI, c. 117-122; Jurpueccnui A. Unn nent Horo Jjelicrpa, Weropmxo-apxeonoruaeckuit 91107. — Busanrniicknit Bpemenanr, 194, ‘vr. I, sem. 3—4, c, 553-600; Cnuyen A. Hemnoe meiicrso m xamjeticnart Tenth. — 3anmcku umm. Pycckoro apxeomormueckoro obmectsa. Orf-ame cma- BAHCKOi Mu pyccKoit apxeororms, 1901, 7. XII, Bou. 1—2, c. 95—186; Velimi- rovié M. Liturgical drama in Byzantium and Russia. — Dumbarton Oaks Papers, 1962, N46, Harvard University, Cambridge, p. 351—385. 158Tpm orpoxa 8 nema ornenHoit. Mxona XV B. (Hosropoycknii ucropuKo-xyjo- axecTBeHHbtit myseil). yelo TpaBoio, U pasrKkuraiu oromb. Kora Bo Bpema TeHuA UpoTo- WMakon Bosruamad , HM © HMMM MpoTosmakon Hu UpoTonon, unrasmuit Exanrenne.? Tleiicrno uMexo HemocpeACTReHHOe OTHOMeHNe K PORMecTBy, Tak Kak CUMBomMsupoBano ero. Uyyo o Tpex orpoxax, Ananun, Asapaa u Mucanne, sBepruy1bix B ropAyio Memb HeyecTHBLIM Wapem Hapy- XoJOHOCOpoM, HO He OMANMDIINXcA TeMMEIM orneM, mpooOpascBano uynecnoe poxenne Mucyca Xpnera, xorja GomectBennait orony, Beennpmmica 6 qeny Mapmo, ne onan ee ecrecrsa. «Aya mpe- ecrecTBeHHaro pocofaremad us06pasu Menyb o6pas, He Go me UpmAT IOHBIA, AKO HHA OTOHb GorkecTBA jleBBI, B HI0 Ke BHMe yrpoby»,”> — Tenoch B porsecrRencKom upmoce.24 Uro memHoe AeiicTso ABAANOch MpesMpasqHbCTBOM porKyectsa, OTKpHIBano coGoit poxecTBeHcKnil NuKT Mm OnI10 CombMe, YeM TONLKO - WaMATHIO TPeX OTPOKOB, roBopuT ero conepmieHue He B eHub 17 je- KaOpa (enh Tpex oTpoKos, Kora conepmiatach oGsunad cayna UM), a OTJCHLHO, B MejeMo cBATHX oTeN Mam mpaoten. Korga nar- puapx Ipuxo_uT sBaTb Napa K WemHomy jeltcTRy, On OOpaman Ban- Mane Wa CHMBOMHMMeCKMI cMEICH ero, OTMOcAMMiIcCH K poxtiectBy, rosopa: «IIpasqnyem mpoodpasonanne Opipmen wemm xamzettckuay.” -Tema Tpex OTPoKoB B eM MpoxozMAa Yepes BCe porecTREHCKOe SorocayRenne B BIe OT/ENLHBIX NecHolennit, WocTenenHo Hapactat ot 17-ro x 25 nexa6pa u cruxaa x 6 sBBapa (IpexUpasqHECTBO Hm moupasquBcrso). Mrak, memnoe felicrso uMei0 UpAMoe oTHOMeHHe K pouyectny. VY oro 65110 spenume, marnynmee B yauun0e DpaszuectBo. Ceasp ocyijecrBusach Onarofapa «xamjenm>, IpPMHayTexammm na mpora- HeHUM CBATOIHOTO HepMoa OMHOBpeMenHO MH XpaMy m yaume. «Xan- Tem» BMecTe C OTPOKAMM, NOMMMO McHoOaHeHMA caMoro jelicTBa, y4a- cTBORaIM ¢ MPHYTOM BO BCex SorocmymeHMAX [MA, B KOTOpsIit coBep- Imazoch jeicrso, a Take B SorocmymennAx LHA pompecrBa. B anne, oTmocamemca K tataty XVI B., wraem: «A na DpasqHMK porye- crsa XpucToRa mporokalor MATpOTOMMTAa 10 TOMY *K YMAY OTporEt H Xaifzew W TOWPAKM K BeyepHu NM OT BCYePLHH, K 3ayTpeAM A OT sayTpenu m felicrsyioT nea onpnub nemnoso AeficrBay.26 WU napay 2 Ce: Huxoasscxut K. O exy6ax pyccnoit nepxen, Onremmx B mpemnnx nevarmpx Gorocrymebunx Kumrax. CII6., 1885, c. 170—172. 23 Mune cryxeOnas, 25 mexadpa, x. 308 06. - “4 Paq necnonennit, coermumomux mus Boropomunpt c mpercrasnennem © nanmmoncxot nom, npnnogut HK. Hixosnoxuit: «Te6e ymnyto, Boropogune, Memb pascMoTpaeM BepHUuH: Ako xe Go oTpoKM ciace TpH MmpeRosHocuMErit, Mup OOHOBH BO Upene THOeM BCeNeT XBATBHLI OTHeS Oor m Mpenpocuasneny; aponncyior repo anpaamcrun TpHe OTport TROe GescemeHHoe poatyecrEo. Borkecraon Gut esti neonmannnoe cioBo Wa TeGe uTOTLIO XOTeUMEM OMMCyeTCH, Boropozune sp Budbaceme parkmaciis na cmaceHiie 4enoBeKoM»; «AKO nem pene UpweMMan oTpoKu Ho Ona, TAKO HW jena, saTeHMM amxKaurens, He onadncst yTpobow»; (BaBuToncKad Lely OTpOKM He onan, HAE SomecTBAa Orth yeBy pacTam; «Yipoby ne omanpno obpasyioT OTpOKORMMEI, WKe B RET- ceM OManAeMHM IHOMIN, UpeecrecTBenno portAalomyi sanevarnenny» (Hu- roavcrut KH. O cnymbax pycctoit nepxsr..., c. 170). 2 Huxoancnud K. O enym6ax pycckoit moprom..., c. 184. % [[murpuecckui A, Una nemnoro peiicrsa. — Busanruiicnnit spemenHuK, 4894, 7. I, perm. 3—4, c. 595. Tommmo memuoro feiicrna «xaryen» BLIcTynaan 160© STHM «xasjem) Geran mo ymHHaM B CBOeCM IYTOBCKoM Hapaye ¢ IOTeIHEIM OrHeM B&B PYyKaX, WoywKMTAH BCTpeveHHBIe Bosbl cena, SopomEt upoxomux, Jro Onin cearounne pamensie. Ho m ogempa MH MOTCMHBIt OOH, DTUX PAKCHEIX ABMAMMCh aTpudyTamMM WepKos- noro jleiicrra. [uanst, 0 KoToprrx ynomunaer Oneapmit, Osram, ove- BHHO, PACKPALIeHMBLe “MONOMEI, KOTOPEIe WajleBamMch Wa ToMOBEI «xamjlees) BO BpeMa memguoro jieiicrga. A noremmoertit oronb tem CaMBIM OersbIM OrHeM M3 IayH-TpaBsl, KOTOPBIM «Xamem) mopaRH- Tam BO BpeMA [elicTBa BABMNONCKyIO Memb ¢ OTpoKamn. Ira ropw- wat Tpaza, Koropyio Durervep fake MpuAAN 3a ToOpox, clenmabHo BaroTOBIALAch K nenyuomy umnAy.7” Tlosnommrenbno nocrapmrn crarounpre sadaBb «xamjeen» B OME ee B ofHOM WME pyccKoi NepKeM, a MMeHNO B ¥EHE eIMcKOMcKOrO MoOcraD- menna. [Ipanya, rex Iu, B OKPYKCHUM KOTOPHIX HOBOTOCTARMAeMBIL WOUKeI Gum Maxo_NTscH B NepKNM mw ToRasuMaTLeN Ma YaMMAX ropoya, «xaxqeam HagpiBaeT TONbKO Tanex Auenncrmit. Ho 10, ¥T0 OM TOROpUT 06 oTHX «xan- Tenx», BrouMe conmagacT ¢ cOOSIMeHMAMT UaBeCTADIX YHNOBR TocTaBrennA 06 m KpAcHBIX Kadranax WM BBICORHX Kpac- HBIX MalKAX COMM MPI MOCHATICHNMT BOKpyr aMBoua M UTO BaTeM ApxHenHe- KO est, CouPORONaeMEIit Gompammn m «XalenM, TO YAM Mm Kpori erent ropoya (ram 2Ke, KH. XII, ¢. 472—173). Pyccknit wm noctanremist MHtTporoanra ruacit: [|xa rpexosnoro, BeTxoro yeNOReKA oronb Oyler yOuBaiompm, ap- CKUM, [If YXOBHOTO, HoBOrO — OUNNTAIONUM nH BospomyaionjaM. Ta- kOe aMOuBaeHTHOe OCOBHANMe CHMBOJMK Orns WarniAfHo WpecTras- exo B counHeHMM Cumeona Ionouxoro «Cruxu Kpaecorsacubia Ha poaxyecrBo Xpucrowo». dfecb 3a BUpIAaMH: Orpoxu B cparoii sepe vocnurautt, Or mysureas p ori nesmtii nocsamt, Jhko wouy HoKTOHA He Raxy, Ho cbinom GoxkmuMm opomentt Gaxy ~ caejlylor cTpoKn: Mar ae, rpelmast cymu, KaKo upudmmKUMes K ceMy orHenn, jja He Onanumcal * Oronb, 0 Koropom Ty? ujeT peub,—»dtTo cpasy u aycKuit oronn um GomecrBeHHEtit. On OomKectBeHHEIi, MOTOMY UTO He OAM OTPOKOB, HO OH *Ke MOET OKasATLCA aNCKUM — [WIM TeX, KTO «rpemNEI cy». B unue nemoro jleitcrsa oronb, pasowvKeHEBIit (xamjeAamm», OKasbi- Basta yOuiCTBeHHBIM JIA HX CaMMX: NOCie NOABMeHMA aHresa yxe He (Xaljleu) pasKuraiM OroHb, Lopall{ue TpyOKM mepexopmim B pyKu AbAKOHA, UPMHUMABIUErOCA «llaJIMTb»> «xXaJijjeeB». «Most yaa Bac COMIN, a MEI CAMM cropesM, —roBopus OAM m3 «xameeBy BEIXO- Jamum us nena orpoxam.®® Tloremusrit oronb, c KoTopsIM Geranu uo yaunam «xamgem», Osim O(HOBpeMcHHO UH yOuBaION{uM, u Bosporaiomum. He cmy4aiino yxa- 3aHO Ha TO, UTO, 3adaBIAAch, «xaiflen»> LolvRurain monasiine HM Hapcrpeiy Bosbt cena. B cpeqHesexosoli cumBowuKe ceo, comzoma ABIAIOTCA OOpasoM rpexoBHoro, BeTxoro, 3emHoro. B necnonenuax Upequpasnbcrsa Kpemjenua Voann IIpenresa, oOpaujanch x Xpu- CTY, HasbIBaeT ero orHeM, a ceOa ceHOM ((OrHD CBIii, BUALIKO, Jla He ® BMY, gexapn, mum 25—31, M., 1912, cr6, 2275. gh Maainwn HA, Uapesta Hata Anexceenna m reanp eo npexconm, C j—44,, % TTB, F.XVII. 83, 1. 79—79 06. % Huxoavcnut K. O exymOax pyccxoit neprem..., ¢, 194, 204. i 163onammmn MeHs, ceo cynja»),°° rem caMBIM roRopsa oO CBO Holl, semMHoli cynynocTu. B sxusonucu Meponuma bocxa, sroro, no ompesenenmio ucKyc- CTBOBeOB, XpaHUTeIA XPUCTHAHCKOM OPTOLOKCaIbHOCTH, TBOPYeCTBO KOTOporo He MOZKET OnITh NoHATO GOe8 BHAHUA CUMBONMUCCKOLO ABEIKA Cpe HEBeKOBbA, Cpe MHOKECTBA MCHOUMbSYeMbIX CHMBOJOB HaXxo- qutca u ceuo. Ero tpuurmx, nocanquii naspanue «Bos cena»,°” mpep- CTABIACT BZEMBYIO WUBHE WoOeli B oOpase orpomMHoro Boga ceHa, © BSTPOMOsUBIIUMCA Ha Hem OeccyeTHBIM YHCTOM rpemmuMKoB (yOu, BOpOB, Upemobogzecs ut. ji.). B uesoit vacra rpuntaxa us00pamen paii B MOMeHT rpexonajenua Ayjama u Epp, B npaBoit — oOpaTEIii umaMenem ay. Bos jBwxerca or paa K apy. Cumpommueckuit sank XYHORHHKA BUOMHE ACCH: rpexolajeHue — UpHunna semHoit rpewi- Hoi #ku3HH HOromKoR Ajjama u Espt, o6pas rpexosnocru — ceno, u emMy Hajiieatur 6nITL ucleneseHubIM oruem Goxtbero cy7a. B napogusrx o6sruaax, sacpuKeupowauunix oruorpaamu m oubK- axopuctamMu, Guim pacupocrpanen oOpaq BosaenmA como, yeroii- 4NBO UpHypovenuslit Ko BpeMenu cBaToK. Ormeyanacn cBasb oOpaga ¢ WoMMHanuem mMepTssix.®® AL qymaio, uro ycroitumpoe upmypounBanue comvKenua comOMBI K CBATOWHOMY WMKIy cBAsaHO C AMOMBATCHTHBIM CMBICIOM poatye- CTBeHCKOrO ornA. Comzenne CHUMBOJH3UpOBato Wpeosouenue BeTXOrO Mupa mM BMecTe C HUM Upeofosenue cmepru. To, 410 oOpay moBTo- payed, Kak cBugerenbersyet Crormap, B BeluKUit YeTBepr Ha CTpacT- HO Hegene («B BeauKuii yeTBeproK HOpaHy coMOMy WadaT u Kan- uy? MepTBEx»),°° B KanyH UpasquMka BOcKpecenuA, JoMuBUpylonleli TeMoi KoToporo Oblla TeMa UpeofomeHuA cMepru, MO_TBepA_aeT CBASb OFHA WH BOSANCHHA CONOMEL C MBICAbIO O NpeosoueHaM BeTxXoro wenoBerka. Tlpeofoxeune cmepru Gni0 ojmoi us BeAyuX Tem poatecrBa. Bouzomenue Xpucra TONKOBAIOCL Kak Upeokouwenue BeTXOTO, CMepT- noro Agama. «Buaropomm ecu ... poluruca wac pagu, Ja upextze- Majmaro ciacemim Upaorya wamero ... u, pacroprays cMeprabia YsH, COBOSCTABMINM BCA HIKE OT BeKa CyMIbIA B MeprTBBIXy,"° — sBy- Yao B HefeTI0 cBaTBIX mpaorer. «Ipecra robo10, feBo, cmepTh, wun 60, Xpucra, pomuta ecu, Fapyloujaro Yecrm BepyIOMUM B OH'D GescmeptHo u OoxtecrBeHO pagoBanne»,—exoch B SoropoquHOM cruxe. «Cuye nacuionaomua yeloBpeyecKomy ecrecTBy cmepTh mpu- rpexon- %© Munea cayxeOnas, 2 aupapa, a. 23. 87 Opurmmax naxojurcn B Magpuye (Ipayo). Bocupoussejenue cm. 8 ast6ome: Meponum Bocx. M., 1974, raGa. 42—14. 38 Cm.: Maxcumoe C. B. Heancras, ueseyomaa m Kpecruaa cuma. CII6., 1903, c. 315; Bozarapee I. T. Bompocs veopum napoguoro ucxyccrsa. M., 1971, c. 242-213; Yuvepoe B. H. 3umunii nepuoy pyccnoro semaeqembueckoro Kanenjapa XVI—XIX nexos. M., 1957, c. 51; eaenun J. K. Hapogasit oOur- uait TpeTs noxoiimuxon.—B xn: COopuux Xapsxoucxoro meropuno-dus0m0- rmyecKoro oGmecrsa, T. XVIII. Xapsxop, 1909, ¢. 257—261. 8 Crorman, c. 142. 40 Munea ciyxe6uan, pexaOpb, uexeia cnariix upaoten, a. 140. 164