This graph (Brown, 2002) shows that bentonite slurry has lowest while liquid polymer

slurry & cased ahead of boring method have high f5u . How bentonite slurry can reduce
fsu ? f5u is significantly reduced (15 to 40%) if bentonite is used when compared with that
usingbiodegradable polymer.
When bentonite slurry is applicable? How f5u is affected by bentonite slurry? How
bentonite can contaminate concrete? Mitigations & QC?

'°
c
�
80
70
60
50
-- -· - - - - - ----
-
"'::. ........ - _
-
•
-
- - - --
_,.,_ - - - - - -..
•
Liquid polymer
Cased ahead method
- - - - "11 Dry polymer
/1- CFA
(I)

(J) 40
-- ..----• Bentonlte
30 .,....----�-- ·
·-=
(J)

::> 20
0,
10
�
0
0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05
Displacement (m)
e - CAD e - Bentonite - - CFA • - DP A - LP

CAD = Cased ahead method, CFA = Auger cast pile, DP= Dry polymer, LP = Liquid polymer

Average Load Transfer in Side Shear for Different Construction Methods (Brown.2002)

Definition of vertical & horizontal effective stress.

Unit skin friction, fsu= µ x normal stress= µ ah '= µ� crv '

Ground
Surface

Elevation to which
Elevation at which water eventually rises
water is first (plezometric surface)
encountered
\
o'v
Waterbearing
Geomaterlal CS=a·h = Ko o'v
Soil Element

Unit weight of soil =y Unit weight of water= Yw

CJ" v = Y Z - Yw Zw