www.shsph blogspot.com ‘Computer Systems Servicing NC II- Grade 11 ‘Quarter 1 Installing and Configuring Computer Systems (ICCS) ‘Module 1: Types and Parts of Computers, Operating Systems and Peripheral Devices Canton To be well acquainted with computer it is important to know its basics such as the parts, its classifications, the devices that add functionalities and the set of programs that manages computer hardware resources. This module will give an explanation about the computer's types, peripherals, parts and operating system, Wecsanes tthe end ofthe lesson you are expected to: Identify the different types, parts and peripheral devices of a computer. + Define Computer Operating systems ‘© Enumerate the types, parts, peripheral devices and operating systems of a computer. * Recognize the basic computer operating systems, ‘State the function of types, parts and peripheral devices of a computer. + Appreciate the importance of types, parts, peripheral ang operating system of a ‘computer, For your better understanding of the lesson, here is the list of words and their meanings ‘Read and understand them carefully Peripheral Devices also known as computer peripheral, input-output device, or inputioutput device, any of various devices used to enter information and instructions into a computer for storage or processing and to deliver the processed data 4 Input’ Output Devices ‘An input device sends information to a computer system for processing, and an output device reproduces or displays the results of that processing,‘www shsph blogspot.com 4 4 (VES. Operating Systems a set of programs that manage computer hardware resourees and provide common services for application software. MAC ‘The computer operating system for Apple Computer's MacIntosh and workstations ne of personal computers Linux A Unix-like, open source and community-developed operating system for computers, servers, mainframes ‘Windows A series of operating systems developed by Microsoft GUI Stands for "Graphical User Interface" and is pronounced "gooey.” It is a user interface that includes graphical elements, such as windows, icons and buttons. Solid State Drive (SSD) A solid-state drive (SSD) is a new generation of storage device used in computers. SSDs replace traditional mechanical hard disks by using flash-based memory, which is significantly faster. Storage Device ‘The storage device usually enables a user to store large amounts of data in a relatively small physical space, and makes sharing that information with others easy Volatile It comes from the Latin “volatilis" meaning "to fly*, In computers, volatile is used to describe ‘memory content that is lost when the power is interrupted or switched off. Software Software is a set of programs, which is designed to perform a well-defined function. Hardware Hardware represents the physical and tangible components of a computer, ic. the components that can be seen and touched such as the system unit, mouse and others. Cortanawww.shsph.blogspot.com Direction: Read the sentence carefully. Encircle the leter of the correct answer from the given ‘choices. Write your answer in your data notebook, 1. Itmanages the computer's memory and processes, as well as all of its software and hardware, A. Application software C. Graphical User Interface B. Computer Operating System D. Micro Computer 2. Iisa type of computer that features both analogue and digital computer? A. Analogue Computer C. Hybrid Computer B. Digital Computer D, Micro Computer 3. It is a general-purpose computer that is designed for individual use. It is also known as personal computer A. Mainframe C. Minicomputer B. Microcomputer D. Workstation 4, It is a part of computer performs the calculations needed by a system and can vary in speed? They are referred to as computer's brain ‘A. Central processing Unit C. Random Access Memory B. Hard Disk Drive D. Video Card 5. Itisa part of a computer is also called the display card, graphics card or graphies adapter? A. Central processing Unit C. Random Access Memory B. Hard Disk Drive D. Video Card < ACTIVITY 1 In this activity, your task isto look for and encircle the words that belong to the types and parts of a computer. You Can find 4 types and 6 parts of Compuicr in this puzzle. After encircling the words, classify it by filling inthe table entitled Parts of Computer and Types of Computer ERT Y ep EPH Pay Parts of Computer BUY[B/R[E DIC OTM|F UT ELR IT (a THE(RIF[e [Ae [2p PIR IeL [aD] 12 T/[E[B[A|R | [D|T IS [EDR IE IV IE] (3. E[SP [MO | [AIE[R [Blo |Aa[R|D]O) | 4 G[A[R[FIC|E|E|O|P [K|D|R | [|e] [5 A[S[A[E POTS TCE TR [OTF IE [RIVA] [6 STR[ME[ME|C [CTF [US (ETF IEE FLFP [BP ED |F Ie lolP 3 [FF > iypesorcomaaT TIS[C PPPOE [RD [e [Q(x [ay [KA] [a Dire [F [Ae elo [Mr wT le |e] b> DIATE [SIE UW [ale TYRE [U [3] FLOTWELR |S [OPP LY |AALW|C] [awww.shsph blogspot.com In the first activity, you are given the chance to identify the types and parts of computer, In thi activity, your task is to complete the open-ended statement below with your perception, opinion or prior knowledge about Computer Operating systems, Peripheral Devices are Parts and peripheral devices are not sufficient to make a computer functioning. Operating systems are the most important software that runs in your computer. For this activity your task is to arrange the Operating systems from Past to present versions then answer the process questions below. Process Questions: 1. What Operating system mentioned above is the oldest OS? Newest? 2. What are the 3 biggest developer companies of Computer Operating Systems? 3. Who are the key persons of these companies? 4, Which of the 3 is commonly used/installed Operating System? Why? S. Why is it important to have an Operating system? 6. How will you know if your computer has an operating system? DOS: WINDOWS 8 DOS WITH WINDOWS 3. WINDOWS 9X | WINDOWS 10 ‘WINDOWS NT | WINDOWS 2000, WINDOWS VISTA ‘WINDOWS 7 [WINDOWS XP WINDOWS ME\www.shsph blogspot.com GY Let's Explore! Did you know ‘There are lots of terms used to deseribe different types computers. Mast of these words indicate the size, expected use or capability of the computer. Let's learn the types of computers according to the basis of handling capabilities and on the basis of size, A. Types of Computer Types of Computers based on data handling capabilities: 1. Analogue Computer- Analogue computers are designed toprocess analogue data, Analogue data is continuous data that changes continuously and cannot have discrete values. We can say that analogue computers are used where we donit need exact values always such as speed, temperature, pressure and current, Speedometer and mercury thermometer are examples of analogue computers. Aro Caner 2070 ge enema coir 2. Digital computer - designed to perform calculations ‘and logical operations at high speed. It accepts the raw data as input in the form of digits or binary numbers (0 and 1) and processes it with programs stored in its memory to produce the output, All moder computers like laptops, desktops including smartphones that we use at home or office are Hanson 0 RE: 6.0.R.¥ 820 Wi Sb snag comalico 3. Hybrid Computer - features of both analogue and digital computer, Itis fast like an analogue computer and has memory and accuracy like digital computers. It can process both continuous and diserete data, It accepts analogue signals and convert them into digital form before se processing. So, it is widely used in specialized applications where both analogue and digital data is processed, ‘Morton mageas ina anes WAT 1019 ‘Types of Computer based on its Size 1. Supercomputer - the biggest and fastest computers. They are designed to process huge amount of data, A supercomputer can process trillions of instructions in a second, It has thousands of interconnected processors. Supercomputers are particularly used in scientific and engineering Meare emt ,‘www shsph blogspot.com applications such as weather forecasting, scientific simulations and nuclear nergy research, The first supercomputer was developed by Roger Cray in 1976. 2. Mainframe computer - designed to support hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously. They can support multiple programs at the same time, It ‘means they can execute different processes simultaneously. These features of ‘mainframe computers make them ideal for big organizations like banking and Testem cumin telecom sectors, which need to manage and process high volume of data. ERRSBANGER (00 Fata 19 Manan Corp Dton a Ret Exam, pus, ed soso ‘santero contantan conpam costars nar umes onc! 3. Miniframe or Minicomputer — a midsize multiprocessing computer. It consists of two or more processors and can support 4 to 200 users at one time. Miniframe computers are used in institutes and departments for tasks such as billing, accounting and inventory management. A minicomputer lies between the mainframe and microcomputer as it is smaller than mainframe but larger than a MALCOLMTATUM (070 Yates iti? pj Mphwm aged amma senonase i 4, Workstation - refers to an individual computer, or group of computers, used by a single user to perform work. It has a faster microprocessor, a large amount of RAM and high speed graphic adapters. It generally performs a specific jab with great expertise and is, also intended for serious academic or professional computation, 4168.07 Noe 1) Hon SoU an ER Camp Wain ae Mp nn ay aang ati 5. Microcomputer - also known as a personal computer. It is a general-purpose computer that is designed for individual use. It has a microprocessor as a central processing unit, memory, storage area, input unit and output unit, Laptops and. desktop. computers are-examples of microcomputers. They are suitable for personal work that may, be making an assignment, watching a movie, or at office for office work ‘Types of Micro computers: % Desktop Computer or _—_—Personal ‘Computer(PC) - A desktop computer is a personal computer designed for regular use at a single location on or near a desk or table due to its size and power requirements, It is not very expensive and is suited t the needs of a single user at home, small business units, and organization, B. Notebook Computer or Laptop is @ small, portable computer and have all the features of a desktop computer. The advantage of the laptop is that ook amp 0220) See] Moe ones oma iwww.shsph blogspot.com it is small in size, so it can be carried anywhere, Notebook computers use a variety of techniques, known as flat-panel technologies, to produce a lightweight and non-bulky display screen, Laptops Computers are higher in cost than the desktop computers . Netbook. These are smaller notebooks optimized for low weight and low cost, and are designed for accessing web-based applications. Netbooks deliver the performance needed to enjoy popular activities like streaming videos ort music, e-mailing, web surfing or instant messaging. st Constr 220 rege psn sreuonsecominoninrctcokin D. Tablet A tablet is a wireless, portable personal computer with a touchscreen interface, The tablet form factor is typically ‘smaller than a notebook computer, but larger than a smartphone, bere oman ang pam e moanmaneseart rose E, Handheld Computer or Personal Digital Assistant(PDA) It is a small computer that can be held on the top of the palm. It is small in size. PDA uses a pen or a stylus for input, instead of the keyboard. They have a limited memory and are less powerful, PDAs can be connected to the internet via F. Smart Phones are mobile phone swith highly, advanced features: Atypical smartphone has a high- resolution touch screen display, WiFi connectivity, Web browsing capabilities, and the ability to accept sophisticated applications. The majority of these devices run on any of these popular mobile operating systems: Android, Symbian, iOS, BlackBerry OS and Sug Sar (018,28) 1b ti nap 8 ge, ‘tga ciniteanees aetaepemuirsmarines 2050 ht D different types of computer has different functions too which makes each computer unique. Knowing the Types of computers gave us idea about what computer is used for a specific purpose. Les us now jump to and learn the parts and peripheral devices of computer the different B. PARTS OF COMPUTER and ITS PERIPHERALS\www.shsph blogspot.com Parts of computer can be classified whether internal or external, The external parts of a computer are those that can be observed with the naked eye without having to open or disarm the device. While the internal is a term used to describe a device or part that is installed inside the computer INTERNAL PARTS OF COMPUTER Motherboard or Mobo is a printed circuit board and foundation of a computer that is the biggest board in a computer chassis. It allocates power and allows communication to and between the CPU, RAM, and all other computer hardware components.is the main printed circuit board in a computer. ona 2% a9) pM. Conpahon Con ap wanscreape cena + Power Supply powers all other components of the ‘machine, It usually plugs into the motherboard to power the other parts. The power supply connects to either an internal battery (on a laptop) or a plug for aan outlet (on a desktop). ae: br Stn Capt Pane Sgn ares bck Fee pay son 4 Central Processing Unit (CPU) referred to as a computer's brain. I performs most of the processing inside a computer. It processes all instructions received by software running, on the PC and by other hardware ‘components, and acts a8 a powerful calculator. Source: Kerem cl Compute hip Free Royal wages. com STORAGE DEVICE referred to as digital storage, storage media, or storage medium. It is any hardware that is capable of holding information either temporarily or permanently, ‘ Random Access Memory is a temporary form of ‘memory. When you open an application in our computer, the computer will, place that application and all its data in the RAM: Hard Disk Drive. Since RAM is temporary, your —— computer needs a place to store data permanently. That's where the hard rive comes in. The traditional hard drive consists of several spinning platters with an arm that physically writes data to the disk. However, these Sewn omowovewrn drives are slow and are starting to be replaced by the faster solid-state drives. 4 Solid State Drive is consist of flash memory, like your smartphone or flash drive. They are much faster than traditional hard disk drives, though cost more for the increased efficiency. Bath types rmaisassususe27e 820" of drives come in various sizes to suit different needs. % Video Card also called a display card, ‘graphics card, display adapter, or graphics adapter, It is used to enhance the quality of images showed on a display. It is attached to 10www.shsph blogspot.com the motherboard and controls and calculates an image's appearance on the sereen engineers, > + Optical Drives. Though less common than —— they used to be, many machines still have an optical drive for reading (CDs and DVDs. These can be used to listen to music or watch movies, place information onto a blank disc , or install software from a disc. Input and Output Devices Common input deviees include mice (‘ouchpads on laptops), keyboards, and webcams, while output devices consist of monitors, printers, and speakers. Removable media such as flash drives and SD cards can also be used to transfer data between computers External Part of Computer 4 A monitor is an output device that displays video images and text. A monitor is made up of circuitry, a screen, a power supply, buttons to adjust sercen settings, and casing that holds all of these components sent 2 fap] Mow omg monensin “System Unit also known as a "tower" or "chassis," is the main part of a desktop computer. It includes the motherboard, CPU, RAM, and other components. bs Conran Stun Unt iin hint. 19 ap) hecho banner + Keyboard A computer keyboard is one of the primary input devices used with a computer. Similar to an electric typewriter, a keyboard is composed of buttons that create letters, numbers, and Feo 229 sewn SYIbOIS, as well as perform other functions. C Mouse is a handheld hardware input device that é controls a cursor in a/ GUI (graphical user interface) and can move and select text, icons, files, and folders on your computer. Monitor, System unit, Keyboard and mouse are the basic external parts of computer. However, there are a lot more devices that we can attach to computer enhance its performance. Let us learn the peripheral devices that can be attached to a computer. PERIPHERAL DEVICES Peripherals are connected directly to a computer but it does not contribute to the computer's primary function, such as computing. It helps end users access and use the functionalities of a computer. It is commonly divided into three kinds: input devices, auiput devices, and storage devices. uwww.shsph blogspot.com Input Devices - An input device converts incoming data and instructions into a pattem of electrical signals in binary code that are comprehensible to a digital computer. It is also used to enter data to a computer. Input Devices includes: 4 Scanner works more like a photocopy machine. It is used when some information is available on paper and it is to be transferred to the hard disk of the computer for further manipulation. amo pl ous. (200, ge enn ae camcangAnsanatanpie enn ‘Digitizer is also known as Tablet or Graphics Tablet as it converts graphics and pictorial data into binary inputs. A graphic tablet as digitizer is used for fine works of drawing and image manipulation applications. Cort ein 0 htc emg nth © 4 Barcode deviee is used for reading bar coded data (data in the form of light and dark lines). Bar coded data is generally used in labelling goods, numbering the books, etc, It may be a handheld scanner or may be embedded ina stationary scanner. one tins 202 | pe apn emer cao ‘Joystick is also a pointing device, which is used to move the cursor position on ‘a monitor screen. It is a stick having a spherical ball at its both lower and ‘upper ends. The lower spherical ball moves in a socket. The joystick can be ‘moved in all four directions. amp ps Dons 252, nen amnesia ya etn ‘% The microphone is used for various applications such as =O adding sound to a multimedia presentation or for mixing music. amp Dee, mn ora cnanpt none pi sce + Mouse is the most popular pointing device. It is a very famous cursor-conirol device having @ small palm size box with a round ball at its base, which senses the movement of the mouse and sends corresponding signals to the CPU when the mouse buttons are pressed. nie etnies 22) es pe cand eden * Keyboard is the most common and very popular input device which helps to input data to the computer. ‘The layout of the keyboard is like that of traditional typewriter, although there are some additional keys provided for performing additional functions. report (2020) fae Mena ong congrondetoa nn Above devices are not the only examples of input devices. There are lots of input devices that is used along with the computer. These are only some of the input devices. Now, Lets take a look at the output devices that adds more functions to a computer 2www.shsph blogspot.com Output Devices are any peripheral that receives data from a computer, usually for display, projection, or physical reproduction. For example, the image shows an inkjet printer, an ouput device that can make a hard copy of anything shown on the monitor, Some of the output devices are as follows: ‘+ Headphones sometimes referred to as earphones, arc a hardware output device that either plugged into a computer line out or speakers. Headphones allow you to listen to audio or watch a movie without, disturbing people around you, © Hunton 209, ag ys campunaacmacentiin in + A projector is an output device that can take images generated by a computer or Blu-ray player and reproduce them by projection onto a screen, wall, or another surface. In most cases, the surface projected onto is large, flat, and lightly colored. q + A monitor is made up of circuitry, a sereen, a power supply, buttons to adjust sereen settings, and casing that holds all of these ‘components. my ont (220 rg Monte cmt cman + A printer is an external hardware output device that takes the electronic data stored on a computer or other device and generates, a hard copy of it. Types of printer includes 3D printer, AIO (all-in-one) printer, Dot matrix printer Inkjet printer, Laser printer, LED printer, MFP (multifunction printer) Plotter, Thermal printer Pete (013 gM et ar cb % Braille reader, also Galled a braille display, is an electronic device that allows a blind person to read the text displayed on a computer monitor. ‘The computer sends the text to the output device, where i's converted to Braille and "displayed" by raising rounded pins through a flat surface. ets nt 220 ge Mise camps cman x a Plotter is a computer hardware device much like @ printer that is used for printing vector graphics. Instead of toner, plotters use a pen, pencil, ‘marker, or another writing tool to draw multiple , continuous lines onto paper rather than a series of dots like a traditional printer. . li Another classification of Peripheral devices is the Storage. Storage devices are pieces of computer hardware that is used for saving, carrying and pulling out data, It can keep and retain information short-term or long-term, Here are the list of storage peripheral devices 1Bwww.shsph blogspot.com Storage Devices * ‘Ahard disk drive (also known as a hard drive, ae HD, or HDD) stores files for the operating system and software programs, © 3 ‘as well as user documents, such as photographs, text files, videos, and audio. The hard drive uses magnetic storage to record and retrieve digital information to and from one or more fast-spinning disks. ge Sut The Tee ly pram Fac 220 re ‘putin taba samongaonge st may ein ct 4 Floppy Disk Also know as a diskette, floppy, for FD, the floppy disk uses magnetic storage technology to store information. Floppy disks were once a common storage device for computers and lasted from the mid-1970's through to the start of the 21st century. The earliest floppies were 8-inch (203 mma) in size, but these were replaced by $ 14-inch (13 3 mm) disk drives, and finally a 3 12 inch (90 mm) version. do 2017 At Te Tc te Th ayy Ot roe. ‘Nbinacansn uaa opansngincs eo ay ee ek 0588 Y The compact dise, known for short as a CD, is a form of optical storage, a technology which employs lasers and lights to read and write data. Initially com pact dises were used purely for music, but in the late 1980's they began to be also used for computer data storage, ere Di (0, 2020, ge ‘ouitowchtonpe mee uence es 4 The DVD (digital versatile disc) and Blu-ray disc (BD) formats of digital optical disc data storage which have superseded compa ct discs, mainly because of their much greater storage capacity. A Blu-ray disc, for example, can store 25,GB (gigabytes) of data on a single-layer di and’50 GB on a dual-layer dise. In compatison, a standard CD is the same physical size, but only fiolds 700 MB (megabytes) of digital data 10.2 os onsen meso cA OXD * USB Flash Drive Also known as a thumb “tive, pen drive, ash-drive, memory stick, jump drive, and USB stick, the USB flash drive is @ flash memory data storage device that incorporates an integrated USB interface. Flash memory is generally more efficient and reliable than optical media, being smaller, faster, and possessing much ‘greater storage capacity, as well as being more durable due to a lack of ‘moving parts ‘ss a. 2020, mao spe compe SFM 2FOESE CPs fence 4 Secure Digital Card (SD Card) A common type of memory card, SD cards are used in multiple electronic devices, including digital cameras, and mobile phones. Although there are different sizes, classes, and capacities available, they all use a rectangular design with one side 4\www.shsph blogspot.com “chipped off” to prevent the card from being inserted into the camera or other device the wrong way. rv nino $2 Mi $0 ory a? Boge 4 Solid State Drive (SSD) A solid state drive uses flash memory to store data and is sometimes used in devices such as netbooks, laptop, and desktop computers instead of a traditional hard disk drive. The advantages of an SSD. over a HDD include a faster read/write speed, noiseless operation, greater reliability, and lower power consumption. The biggest downside is cost, with an SSD offering lower capacity than an equivalently priced HDD, (oa team nse co ra gn ators To make a computer fully functioning it has to have a software that can suppor a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks, executing applications, and controlling peripherals. At this section, we are going to learn more about Operating system, ts functions and the most ‘common used/ installed operating system. What is an Operating system? ranean to y An operating systom or OS isa software installed on a computer's hard | oeatmesrrew tive that enables the computer hareware wo communicate and parte OTS with the computer software. Without a computer operating system, a computer and software programs would be useless. Character User Interface or Command-Line User Interface, CUL windows Command emt Window ‘When computers were first introduced, the users interacted with them using ajcommand line interface, Short for character user interface ot command-line user interface, CUL is a way for users to interact with ‘computer programs! It works by allowing the user (client) to issue commands as one or more lines of text to a program. Good examples of CUls are MS-DOS and the Windows Command Prompt, Graphical User Interface, or GUI Modern operating systems use a graphical user interface, or GUL (pronounced gooey). It lets you use your mouse to click icons, buttons, and menus, and everything is clearly displayed on the sereen using ‘a combination of graphics and text. GUI overview Below isa picture of the Windows 7 desktop and an example of a GUI. Windows 7 Desktop ilo.ba (2 a) rg sin ap camfain‘www shsph blogspot.com Functions of an Operating System 10, I An operating system software performs each of the function: Memory Management - Keeps track of the primary peer part is not in use, etc. and allocates the memory when a processor program request it B= = Ea Processor Management ~ Allocates the processor (CPU) w sproces and datos the pocesor wien IRI zz om in iis no longer required. Device Management ~ Keeps track of all the devices. This is also called VO controller that decides which process gets the device, when, and for how much time, File Management ~ It manages all the file-related activities such as organization storage, retrieval, naming, sharing, and protection of files. Security ~ Prevents unauthorized access to programs and data by means of passwords and other similar techniques. Job Accounting ~ Keeping track of time & resource used by various job and users. Control Over System Performance ~ Records delays between the request for a service and from the system, Interaction with the Operators ~ Interaction may take place via the console of the computer in the form of instructions. The Operating System acknowledges the same, does the corresponding action, and informs the operation by a display sereen, Error-detecting Aids ~ Production of dumps, traces, error messages, and other debugging and error-detecting methods. Coordination Between Other Software and Users = Coordination and assignment of compilers, interpreters, assemblers, and other software to the various users of the computer systems. Networking - A distributed system is a group of processors which do not share memory, hardware devices, or a clock. The processors communicate with one another through the network. 3 Common Computer Operating Systems 1, MICROSOFT WINDOWS, also called Windows and Windows OS, computer operating system ‘was developed by Microsoft Corporation to run personal computers. Microsoft was founded by Bill Gates and Paul Allen on April 4, 1975. Windows comes pre-loaded on most new PCs, which helps to ‘make it the most popular operating system in the world, 16\www.shsph blogspot.com BS WINDGWS Winpows a i Windows Windows’? ios} ge lem penyan omiaionesiny Widows (nl. ape Mm canazn minder Evolution of Oper: ing Systems: DOS or Disk Operating System was the first operating system used by IBM-compatible computers. It was originally available in two versions that were essentially the same, but marketed under two different names. PC-DOS was the version developed by IBM and sold to the first IBM- compatible manufacturers throughout 1980s. MS-DOS was the version that Microsoft bought the rights to, and was bundled with the first versions of Windows, © Windows 1.0 was introduced in November 20, 1985. It was initially sold for $100. The use of Windows 1,0 as a GUI meant that MS-DOS users didn’t have to manually enter text commands just to complete basic tasks. Now, they could carry out tasks and browse their own files by just pointing and clicking on icons and menus. ‘= Iust_two years later, in 1987, the techiology ‘company feleased “Windows 2.0, This version of Windows included such notable features as overlapping windows, resizable windows, keyboard shortcuts, and support. for VGA graphics. The first Windows versions of Word and Excel also made their debut with Windows 2.0. rope! mos arergs emamergie Ny fa * Windows 3.0 came out in 1990 and offered 256 color support. It features multitasking DOS programs which may have contributed to Windows’ flow in populatity. Another notable feature of Windows 3.0 is that it’s the version that saw the first appearance of the classic desktop ‘game Solitaire. Semmens 7\www.shsph blogspot.com + In 1992, Windows 3.1 delivered quite few new and essential features, such as support for TrueType fonts, the ability to drag and drop icons, ‘lege ta et hy tte 8 ene © Windows 95 came out in 1995. It was the first 32-bit version of Windows (previous versions had been 16- bit) new features include the taskbar, the Start menu, long file names, and plug-and-play capabilities in which peripheral devices only nceded to be connected to a PC in order to work properly. Windows 95 also saw the introduction of Microsoft’s web browser, Internet = == Explorer. wena 58) Mei Fanon an © Windows 98 came out in 1998, It offers support for a number of new technologies. It’s most visible feature is the web browser's and other internet-based programs and tools, such as Outlook Express, Microsoft Chat, © Windows 2000 had a real focus on accessibility and introduced several features to the OS, including Sticky Keys, a high-contrast theme, Microsoft Magnifier, an on-screen keyboard, and a sereen reader known as Microsoft Narrator. It allows users to choose the language in which their display would be viewed. ‘The users could choose from a variety of languages, including Arabic, Japanese, and Greek, os 2004 rag ese Faroe + Windows ME stands for “Millennium Edition, Some of its Useful tool includes Sostem Restore, a recovery feature that, in the event your computer starts having problems due to a poorly executed installation of a program or update, updates can be remove and restore ‘your computer back to how it was before . ‘+ Windows XP was released in 2001 and is widely considered to be great among the versions of Windows that Microsoft had to offer. There were two main versions of the OS. Home was for personal use, and Professional was geared toward being used in work settings. Some features include plug and play and utilization of the 802.11x wireless security standard networks for connecting wireless LANS, 18\www.shsph blogspot.com + Vista was released in 2007. It introduced some helpful features, though, like Windows Defender, DirectX 10 (for PC gaming), speech recognition, and Windows DVD Maker. ‘Pn no ran Meet ere on + Windows 7 was launched on 2009. Enhancements and new features include multi-touch support, Internet Explorer &, improved performance and start-up time, Aero Snap, Acro Shake, support for virtual hard disks, a new and improved Windows Media Center, and improved security. es ed lees Yt pal ogee age Com * Windows 8 was released on 2012 and is a completely redesigned operating system. User interface primarily consists of @ Start sereen made up of Live Tiles, which links to applications and features that are dynamic and updated in real time, the ability to log in with a Microsoft account, support for USB 3.0 and an actual lock sereen. ‘ommgmencmns cara \dows 10 came out in 2015. Some features of Windows 10 included the introduction of Cortana, a native digital personal, assistant; the ability to, switch between tablet and desktop mode; and a new web browser called Microsoft Edge. ‘A acer 220 a 6 Te tr son a Sa ed ro tig phase coneenesig tr 2. MACOS ~ Macintosh OS previously called OS X, is a line of operating systems created by Apple. Tt comes preloaded on all Macintosh computers, or Macs. Some of the specific versions include Mojave (Geleased in 2018), High Sierra (2017), and Sierra (2016). Steve Jobs is the co-founder and chic executive officer of Apple Company. MacOS users account for less than 10% of global operating systems—much lower than the percentage of Windows users (more than 80%). One reason for this is that Apple computers tend to be more expensive. However, many people do prefer the look and feel of macOS over Windows. 19\www.shsph blogspot.com ans ae -nsrnySpanry Se fo ge Suind petit agurtonbacnoschoaansne ebgapanr 3. Linux- (pronounced LINN-s) is a family of open-source operating systems, which means they can ‘be modified and distributed by anyone around the world, This is different {rom proprietary software like Windows, which can only be modified by the company that owns it. The advantages of Linux are that i is free, and there are many different distributions or versions you can choose from. Linux users account for less than 2% of global operating systems. However, most servers run Linux because it's relatively easy to customize. Linus Torvalds, a software engineer is the creator and the principal developer of the Linux. Linux - x faa mand pan ng rae a tunitnaa ot ms unuransen ron sce Undostnsg Geary Sain. Spinnbonrer stoner? fee Mea elena aentanyetaacnaotng. ‘antes Elanees EW v PRACTICE TASK 1 A. Direction: Write in the table below the types of computers according to its size and data handling capabilities then answer the follow up questions, Write your answer in your data notebook. 20