SNCID Ecosystems Pra‘ Name: True/False: 1. Life on Earth relies on the Sun for energy. E__ 2. Photosynthesis produces carbon dioxide and is responsible for climate change, _E__ 3. Biological oxygen demand measures the level of oxygen present in water. —E__ 4. Secondary consumers do not eat plants. (They eat primary consumers, but may also eat plants: ) _T__ 5. The populations of cougars, rabbits, squirrels, birch trees, and ferns in a temperate deciduous forest represent an ecosystem. _1__. 6. Biodiversity refers to the number of different types of organisms in an area. __E___ 7. The atmosphere is made up of mostly carbon dioxide. ‘T__ 8. Cellular respiration and the burning of coal are two processes that cause carbon to enter the atmosphere. ‘T__ 9. Approximately 10% of the energy that an animal eats is available to pass on to an animal that eats it. F__ 10. The strategy which helps a species on the verge of extinction without removing the population from their natural habitat is ex-situ conservation. Multiple Choice: 1. Which term best describes a group of organisms of a single species that live in the same place at the same time and can reproduce? a) community (population c) producer ) parasite 2. The term producer is used to define an organism that a) eats only plants _c) may eat plants or animals b) eats only animals @))makes its own food 3. Which of the following shows the correct order of biological organization from smallest to largest? a) biome, habitat, ecosystem, biosphere ») biosphere, habitat, ecosystem, biome @abitat, ecosystem, biome, biosphere 4) ecosystem, habitat, biosphere, biome 4, Calculate the amount of energy that reaches the SNAKE if the plant contains about 4237 units of energy. plant > > snake > (4237 units of energy) a) 423.7 units (©) 42.37 units ¢) 4.237 units 4) 0.4237 units 5. Which of the following best defines an ecosystem? 8) a group of organisms that can interbreed ») smaller organisms that get eaten by larger organisms ¢) the feeding level of an organism in a food chain Il of the interactions between living things and their environment6. Which of the following is NOT a type of bacteria involved in the nitrogen cycle? a) nitrifying bacteria ) denitrifying bacteria @)oxygenating bacteria 4) nitrogen-fixing bacteria 7. Which of the following terms refers to organisms that feed only on producers? a) detritivores (®) primary consumers c) decomposers d) secondary consumers 8. Which of the following lists includes only biotic factors? a) annual rainfall, availability of nutrients, mineral deposits compost, insects, trees ©) salt concentration, rocks, temperature d) growth of birch trees, reproductive rate of salmon, mating rituals of birds 9. What does an aquarium consisting of snails, aquatic plants, gravel, and water represent? a) apopulation b) a community ©) anecosystem 4) biotic factors 10, Several different species of birds inhabit an island, but competition between these birds rarely occurs. ‘Which of the following best explains why there is a lack of competition between the different species of birds? a) The birds have limited resources. The birds live in different ecological niches. %) The birds share food sources with one another. 4) The birds have the same shelter requirements. Matching: Carefully read each question and complete each blank with the appropriate capital letter. 1. Classify each of the following as either a producer (P) or consumer (C) or neither (N) i)apolarbear_C. il) maple tree_P the sun_N_ iv)algae_P _ v)aweasel__C. 2. Classify each of the following as biotic (B), or abiotic (A). i) air_A fi)tree_B if) temperature__A iv) clouds__A v) bacteria__ ‘Match the type of interaction with the appropriate example. Each type of interaction may be used as often as necessary, ) parasitism b) mutualism ©) predator-prey d) commensalism C3. Acougar stalks a deer and kills it. D_ 4. A bamacle attaches itself to a whale and gets food from the water, while the whale remains unharmed, _A_ 5. Athlete’s foot fungus deprives nutrients from a person’s skin, and the person can suffer from an infection when the skin is opened. _B_ 6 A plover gets its food by eating the leeches attached to the gums of a crocodile, while the crocodile is relieved from the irritation of the leeches.Completion: Use the words provided to complete each sentence. Words may be used more than once, and possibly not at all. atmosphere, biome, biosphere, carrying capacity, commensalism, cellular respiration, community, ‘consumers, decomposers, ecosystem, habitat, hydrosphere, limiting factor, lithosphere, mimicry, mutualism, niche, parasitism, photosynthesis, population, primary, secondary 1. The role of __ decomposers is to break down organic matter and release the nutrients in the organic matter back into the ecosystem. 2. The physical environment of an organism is its habitat : 3. Humans release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere through cellular yespiration. : 4. A tertiary consumer eats secondary consumers. 5. Cellular respiration is the process in which glucose is combined with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide. 6. The viceroy butterfly looks so similar to the monarch butterfly that predators cannot tell them apart. This is an example of _ mimicry : i is the maximum number of individuals that an ecosystem can a areying oni support without reducing its ability to support future generations of the same species. 8A limiting factor ______ prevents overpopulation from happening. Short Answer: 1. Identify the primary consumer in the following food chain. ccpnken (Gul > Inge fh tl al 2. What are three components that make up the biosphere? ~ atmosphere. - lithosphere ~ hydrosphere 3. How do marine biomes differ from freshwater biomes? Marine biomes have a much higher concentration of salt.4, Use the food web shown here to answer the following questions. ‘mountain lion shrew Lise grass, shrub, insect. (————|__Wild berries a) Name one organism that is a primary consumer. insect mouse, rabbit, deer b) Name an organism that is an omnivore. bear c) Name an organism that is a producer. rub, wild berries 4) Name an organism that is a secondary consumer. _Sinalee. €) Write the members of a food chain ending with a tertiary consumer. gmss - insect * Shrew * mountain [on 5. Explain why aquatic ecosystems can be threatened by the presence of nitrogen and phosphorous. Nitrogen and phosphorous are nutvients which will cause algae to grow rapidly. This will deplete the amount of oxygen in the water, causing aquatic organisms to become sick or die. 6. Explain the difference between bioaccumulation and biomagnification. Bioaccumulation is the build-up of chemicals in an organism, These chemicals become more concentrated through the food chain ~ this process is called biomagnification.