Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
POPULATION
Total population as of 1 July (million) 77.63 78.62 79.54 80.47 81.44 82.39 83.31 84.22 85.12 86.02 87.07 88.15 89.20 90.19 91.20 92.23 93.25 94.29 95.39 96.48 97.58 98.51 99.46
Population density (persons/km²) 236 239 242 244 246 249 252 254 257 260 263 266 270 273 276 278 282 285 288 291 295 297 299
Population (% annual change) 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0
Urban population (% of total population) 24.1 24.5 25.0 25.8 26.5 27.1 27.7 28.2 29.0 29.7 30.4 31.4 31.7 32.0 33.2 33.5 33.7 33.9 34.2 35.0 36.8 37.1 37.3
LABOR FORCEa as of 1 July (million) 38.5 39.6 40.4 41.5 42.5 44.9 46.2 47.2 48.2 49.3 50.5 51.6 52.6 53.5 54.0 54.3 54.5 54.8 55.4 55.8 54.8 | 50.5 51.7
Employedb 37.6 38.6 39.5 40.6 41.6 42.8 44.0 45.2 46.5 47.7 49.1 50.5 51.7 52.5 53.0 53.1 53.3 53.7 54.3 54.7 53.6 | 49.0 50.6
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.4 24.4 23.6 24.4 23.9 24.3 24.6 23.9 24.5 24.6 24.6 24.5 23.1 22.2 21.5 20.4 18.8 17.7 | 14.2 13.9
Mining and quarrying 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 | 0.2 0.2
Manufacturingc 3.9 4.3 4.6 4.6 4.8 5.0 6.1 5.7 6.0 6.4 7.1 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.7 8.5 9.0 9.5 10.0 11.3 11.3 | 11.2 11.9
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply; water supply;
sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 | 0.3 0.3
Construction 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.6 4.7 | 4.5 4.6
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 3.9 4.1 4.3 4.5 4.8 4.6 4.8 4.9 5.1 5.2 5.7 5.8 6.3 6.6 6.6 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.3 7.3 7.3 | 7.2 7.9
Transportation and storaged 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.3 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.0 | 1.9 1.9
Accommodation and food service activities 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.7 1.1 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.7 2.7 2.7 | 2.5 2.7
Information and Communicationd … … … … … 0.2 … 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 | 0.3 0.3
Financial and insurance activities … … … 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.5 | 0.5 0.5
Real estate activities … … … 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 | 0.3 0.4
Others 2.4 2.6 2.8 2.8 3.0 4.6 3.6 4.9 4.9 4.9 5.0 5.3 5.5 5.7 5.8 6.0 6.0 6.1 6.3 6.2 6.3 | 6.0 6.1
Underemployed … … … … … … … … … … 1.7 1.4 1.3 1.4 1.2 1.2 0.9 1.0 0.8 0.8 1.3 | 1.4 1.1
Unemployed 0.9 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 2.1 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.0 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 | 1.5 1.1
Unemployment rate (%)e 2.3 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 4.7 4.9 4.1 3.6 3.2 2.7 2.0 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.1 2.1 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.2 | 3.0 2.1
Labor force (% annual change)a 2.2 2.8 2.1 2.7 2.4 5.7 3.0 2.0 2.2 2.3 2.0 2.2 2.0 1.8 0.9 0.4 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.7 -1.7 | … 2.3
Labor force participation rate (%) … … … … … … … 74.7 … 76.5 76.7 76.6 76.8 77.6 77.5 77.4 77.3 76.9 77.0 76.8 74.4 | 67.7 68.0
Male … … … … … … … 78.8 … 81.0 81.3 81.2 81.2 82.1 82.1 82.4 82.4 82.0 82.4 81.9 79.9 | 74.2 74.2
Female … … … … … … … 70.9 … 72.3 72.4 72.1 72.6 73.3 73.2 72.6 72.5 72.0 71.8 71.8 69.0 | 61.5 62.2
Expenditure on GDP at current market prices 441,646 481,295 535,762 613,443 715,307 914,001 1,061,565 1,246,769 1,616,047 1,809,149 | 2,739,843 3,539,881 4,073,762 4,473,656 4,937,032 5,191,324 5,639,401 6,293,905 7,009,042 7,707,200 8,044,386 8,479,667 9,513,327
Final consumption expenditure 321,853 342,607 382,137 445,221 511,221 648,519 749,688 918,388 1,236,265 1,343,691 | 1,885,502 2,352,797 2,694,746 3,033,144 3,324,329 3,633,280 3,898,821 4,288,217 4,683,637 5,118,113 5,264,720 5,515,651 6,081,072
Household final consumption 293,507 312,144 348,747 406,451 465,506 598,567 690,954 849,141 1,145,361 1,239,151 | 1,601,016 1,999,484 2,269,234 2,544,792 2,814,953 3,080,149 3,312,415 3,650,335 4,000,543 4,379,853 4,502,207 4,700,634 5,226,419
NPISHs final consumption … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Government final consumption 28,346 30,463 33,390 38,770 45,715 49,952 58,734 69,247 90,904 104,540 | 284,486 353,313 425,512 488,352 509,376 553,131 586,406 637,883 683,093 738,260 762,512 815,016 854,654
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VIET NAM
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Gross capital formation 130,771 150,033 177,983 217,434 253,686 308,543 366,629 493,300 589,746 672,326 | 1,016,457 1,145,900 1,244,913 1,351,621 1,495,379 1,666,878 1,789,074 2,033,265 2,244,260 2,464,760 2,567,421 2,837,931 3,178,082
Gross fixed capital formation 122,101 140,301 166,828 204,608 237,868 285,841 332,949 437,702 513,987 612,526 | 963,320 1,082,121 1,167,244 1,266,169 1,402,349 1,566,572 1,685,835 1,922,458 2,126,648 2,340,104 2,435,664 2,686,169 3,014,478
Public … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Private … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Changes in inventories 8,670 9,732 11,155 12,826 15,818 22,702 33,680 55,598 75,759 59,800 | 53,136 63,779 77,669 85,452 93,030 100,306 103,239 110,806 117,612 124,656 131,757 151,763 163,604
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Exports of goods and services 243,049 262,846 304,262 363,735 470,216 582,214 719,928 886,395 1,155,688 1,139,253 | 1,484,333 2,165,705 2,585,777 2,988,422 3,436,104 3,785,661 4,179,207 5,146,055 5,917,276 6,563,266 6,787,981 7,910,821 8,953,864
Exports of goods … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Exports of services … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Less: Imports of goods and services 253,927 273,828 331,946 415,023 524,216 612,521 750,800 1,055,577 1,376,183 1,326,810 | 1,638,477 2,268,371 2,434,081 2,865,193 3,249,157 3,737,305 4,021,018 4,985,878 5,624,089 6,130,818 6,344,146 7,901,060 8,675,622
Imports of goods … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Imports of services … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Statistical discrepancy -100 -363 3,326 2,076 4,400 -12,755 -23,880 4,263 10,531 -19,310 | -7,972 143,850 -17,593 -34,338 -69,623 -157,190 -206,683 -187,755 -212,042 -308,121 -231,591 116,323 (24,069)
At Constant Pricesl
GDP by industrial origin at 1994 | 2010 market prices 273,666 292,535 313,247 336,243 362,435 | 1,588,646 1,699,501 1,820,667 1,923,749 2,027,591 | 2,739,843 2,915,554 3,076,042 3,246,870 3,455,392 3,696,826 3,944,144 4,217,875 4,532,739 4,866,316 5,005,756 5,133,981 5,545,716
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing 63,717 65,618 68,352 70,828 73,917 | 342,811 355,831 369,905 387,262 394,658 | 421,253 439,124 451,733 463,168 478,005 489,989 498,092 513,874 535,022 549,292 565,987 584,486 604,112
Mining and quarrying 18,430 19,185 19,396 20,611 22,437 | 212,381 208,134 203,555 195,756 210,666 | 186,199 185,605 194,884 193,135 197,754 211,057 195,201 178,822 174,241 172,939 161,404 148,854 156,572
Manufacturing 51,492 57,335 63,983 71,363 79,116 | 248,709 281,925 316,812 347,808 357,415 | 469,351 528,448 572,742 609,971 649,609 709,281 788,296 883,885 985,359 1,079,902 1,133,812 1,202,446 1,299,866
Electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply g 6,337 7,173 7,992 8,944 10,015 | 44,794 49,232 53,707 59,112 64,446 | 65,594 72,271 80,850 87,835 97,672 108,209 120,653 131,874 141,930 154,452 165,041 174,426 186,732
Water supply; sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities 8,108 8,736 9,446 10,108 10,765 | 11,797 13,548 14,735 15,322 16,528 18,347 19,833 21,504 23,921 26,010 27,107 28,065 30,155
Construction 20,654 23,293 25,755 28,481 31,053 | 91,523 101,632 113,979 113,546 126,441 | 171,834 171,381 177,660 187,936 200,904 222,441 244,685 265,972 289,820 314,571 337,050 335,901 363,330
Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 44,644 47,779 51,245 54,747 59,027 | 193,430 209,969 228,477 243,955 262,686 | 202,874 222,614 242,697 260,047 279,602 302,026 326,128 352,414 381,685 419,206 443,630 445,853 491,128
Transportation and storageh 10,729 11,441 12,252 12,925 13,975 | 40,322 44,406 49,468 55,360 60,056 | 129,255 138,794 148,134 158,549 177,306 192,249 211,222 227,811 248,680 273,069 275,968 267,374 299,265
Accommodation and food service activities 8,863 9,458 10,125 10,646 11,511 | 52,688 59,231 66,822 72,661 74,328 | 77,427 82,114 87,904 96,010 101,370 105,731 112,383 122,385 131,241 143,000 112,770 89,979 126,524
Information and communicationh 14,624 16,039 17,745 19,608 21,014 | 120,252 134,707 150,332 162,690 178,650 195,621 212,680 227,631 245,560 266,045 283,316 297,704 320,935
Financial and insurance activities 5,650 6,005 6,424 6,935 7,495 | 77,704 84,058 91,490 100,780 109,545 | 123,052 132,826 139,925 149,030 157,761 169,613 182,952 197,476 213,693 232,841 250,243 274,006 298,741
Real estate activitiesi 105,410 112,776 118,561 124,925 130,333 | 140,926 145,944 147,691 150,821 155,011 159,596 165,919 172,562 180,753 188,867 190,637 190,859 202,113
Professional, scientific, and technical activities i 22,630 23,725 25,061 26,096 27,217 | 65,338 69,721 75,073 80,548 86,159 92,099 98,628 105,756 112,950 120,530 128,074 134,986 143,366
Administrative and support service activities i 6,480 6,816 7,256 7,670 8,031 | 44,172 47,126 50,410 53,945 57,988 61,975 66,552 71,281 77,513 83,898 70,516 59,684 77,827
Public administration and defense; compulsory social security j 24,301 25,674 27,322 29,242 31,325 | 38,666 41,593 44,973 47,883 51,365 | 60,011 64,012 68,372 73,053 77,880 82,459 87,226 91,319 95,154 99,103 101,957 107,147 111,068
Education 34,805 37,735 41,037 44,306 47,215 | 79,926 85,627 91,951 99,121 106,264 113,851 121,968 130,128 139,080 148,873 157,984 163,422 172,737
Human health and social work activities 16,422 17,709 19,135 20,620 22,008 | 28,217 30,249 32,458 34,979 37,419 40,116 43,063 45,958 49,166 52,397 57,825 81,541 75,342
Arts, entertainment, and recreation 10,169 10,972 11,898 12,907 13,925 | 19,409 20,834 22,374 24,039 25,854 27,793 29,855 32,062 34,378 37,098 36,541 33,279 38,840
Other service activitiesk 18,849 19,574 20,402 21,521 22,565 | 24,597 26,436 28,573 30,408 32,312 | 19,316 20,527 21,750 23,419 24,938 26,403 28,130 30,016 31,725 33,662 31,151 28,299 33,729
Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and
services-producing activities of households for own use … … … … …| 2,374 2,549 2,765 2,977 3,164 | 2,951 3,164 3,413 3,639 3,857 4,107 4,400 4,726 5,049 5,368 5,539 5,677 5,905
Activities of extraterritorial organizations and bodies … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Less: Financial intermediation services indirectly measured … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Gross value added at basic prices … … … … … … … … … …| 2,439,155 2,608,636 2,775,089 2,927,258 3,110,530 3,332,962 3,557,866 3,807,455 4,096,920 4,401,121 4,536,553 4,653,987 5,038,286
Plus: Taxes less subsidies on production and imports … … … … … … … … … …| 300,688 306,918 300,953 319,612 344,862 363,864 386,278 410,420 435,820 465,195 469,203 479,994 507,430
Net factor income from abroad … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
GNI … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Expenditure on GDP at 1994 | 2010 market prices 273,666 292,535 313,247 336,243 362,435 | 1,588,646 1,699,501 1,820,667 1,923,749 2,027,591 | 2,739,843 2,915,554 3,076,042 3,246,870 3,455,392 3,696,826 3,944,144 4,217,875 4,532,739 4,866,316 5,005,756 5,133,981 5,545,716
Final consumption expenditure 200,665 210,027 225,609 243,515 260,940 | 1,106,408 1,189,879 1,305,445 1,405,404 1,442,775 | 1,885,502 1,982,891 2,090,565 2,206,099 2,330,719 2,532,216 2,685,583 2,872,656 3,061,596 3,269,611 3,286,000 3,362,727 3,604,312
Household final consumption 182,420 190,577 205,113 221,545 237,262 | 1,022,157 1,098,469 1,205,895 1,298,368 1,327,608 | 1,601,016 1,686,190 1,768,645 1,860,614 1,977,461 2,151,280 2,290,037 2,454,920 2,624,309 2,808,536 2,819,208 2,874,183 3,098,082
NPISHs final consumption … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Government final consumption 18,245 19,450 20,496 21,970 23,678 | 84,251 91,410 99,549 107,036 115,168 | 284,486 296,701 321,920 345,485 353,258 380,936 395,546 417,736 437,286 461,075 466,792 488,545 506,230
Gross capital formation 83,496 92,487 104,256 116,623 128,916 | 443,761 496,274 629,267 668,774 697,614 | 1,016,457 972,410 998,061 1,057,070 1,152,974 1,263,995 1,388,647 1,530,910 1,653,605 1,777,370 1,850,454 1,923,696 2,034,380
Gross fixed capital formation 78,552 86,972 98,160 109,843 121,312 | 412,327 453,157 562,627 584,225 635,201 | 963,320 917,334 938,800 993,720 1,085,937 1,192,359 1,311,595 1,449,312 1,568,735 1,689,199 1,758,456 1,824,201 1,933,288
Public … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Private … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Changes in inventories 4,944 5,515 6,096 6,780 7,604 | 31,434 43,116 66,640 84,549 62,413 | 53,136 55,076 59,261 63,351 67,038 71,636 77,052 81,598 84,870 88,172 91,998 99,495 101,092
Acquisitions less disposals of valuables … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
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VIET NAM
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Exports of goods and servicesm -10,085 165,292 183,533 220,047 -30,123 | 913,341 1,043,134 1,160,960 1,219,803 1,355,225 | 1,484,333 1,641,583 1,888,500 2,225,003 2,504,913 2,852,242 3,166,102 3,712,366 4,167,255 4,427,126 4,606,983 5,245,107 5,493,826
Exports of goods … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Exports of services … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Less: Imports of goods and services 176,987 204,926 251,495 902,088 1,038,899 1,325,880 1,426,886 1,521,982 | 1,638,477 1,715,938 1,907,910 2,287,942 2,595,318 3,003,390 3,342,662 3,951,330 4,329,537 4,539,710 4,688,784 5,430,799 5,544,883
Imports of goods … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Imports of services … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Statistical discrepancy -410 1,716 4,775 7,553 2,702 | 27,224 9,114 50,875 56,654 53,959 | -7,972 34,608 6,826 46,640 62,103 51,763 46,474 53,273 -20,179 -68,081 -48,898 33,339 -41,918
Coal (t ’000)
Production 11,609 13,397 16,409 19,300 27,349 34,093 38,778 42,483 39,777 44,078 44,835 46,611 42,083 41,064 41,086 41,664 38,735 38,409 42,384 47,158 44,598 52,459 54,431
Exports 3,251 4,292 6,047 7,262 11,636 17,988 29,308 32,072 19,358 24,992 19,876 17,163 15,219 12,802 7,265 1,748 1,243 2,229 2,388 1,143 910 1,812 1,199
Imports … … … … … 57 64 375 385 448 … … 1,876 2,271 3,096 6,927 13,199 14,677 22,856 43,770 54,812 36,291 31,974
Consumption … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
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VIET NAM
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Furnishings, household equipment, and routine household maintenance 101.8 101.7 100.8 101.2 103.0 104.4 105.6 106.2 109.1 108.5 105.4 108.8 107.6 105.0 103.0 102.0 101.1 101.0 101.2 101.4 | 101.1 100.7 102.0
Health 102.9 100.7 99.8 113.2 113.8 105.3 104.9 105.1 108.9 106.1 103.4 105.7 116.3 145.6 105.4 102.1 128.5 142.3 110.8 103.8 | 102.2 100.2 100.4
Transport 101.8 99.2 97.1 102.0 99.8 108.3 107.1 103.6 116.0 98.8 112.0 116.0 108.2 104.5 101.6 88.1 92.7 106.8 106.4 99.0 | 88.8 110.5 111.3
Communication … … … … … … … 97.2 88.2 90.4 95.4 95.9 98.9 99.5 99.6 100.3 99.3 99.4 99.3 99.3 | 99.4 99.2 99.6
Recreation and cultureq 101.1 100.2 99.4 99.1 101.5 101.6 103.0 103.2 105.9 105.7 103.6 107.6 105.6 103.9 102.4 101.6 101.5 100.9 101.3 101.8 | 98.8 99.1 103.1
Education 103.2 103.2 102.9 104.7 100.9 101.9 104.4 103.3 104.2 105.7 110.4 123.2 117.1 114.2 110.2 106.5 106.3 109.1 106.3 105.7 | 104.1 101.9 101.7
Restaurants and hotelsr … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Miscellaneous goods and services 102.6 102.5 101.9 102.9 105.1 105.8 106.1 107.7 113.2 111.3 111.7 112.0 110.7 107.0 104.0 102.9 102.2 102.1 102.4 102.7 | 102.9 101.5 102.4
Consumer (capital city)p 99.7 100.7 105.4 104.3 106.3 107.5 108.8 108.4 122.9 108.3 109.6 118.0 108.6 106.4 104.7 100.7 103.0 103.0 104.2 103.8 | 102.7 101.8 103.4
Food and nonalcoholic beverages 98.9 100.7 111.7 104.3 110.3 109.9 111.8 111.9 138.1 111.7 113.1 131.3 109.3 103.8 103.4 101.1 102.7 98.9 104.1 104.8 | 109.4 100.2 103.7
Alcoholic beverages, tobacco, and narcotics 101.9 102.4 102.6 105.4 107.5 104.5 104.5 104.7 115.9 106.8 108.7 113.0 107.7 104.1 104.5 102.5 102.4 102.2 101.9 102.3 | 101.8 101.7 102.4
Clothing and footwear 100.0 100.5 100.2 105.2 103.9 102.5 104.7 104.0 109.6 109.5 104.6 108.9 110.7 107.5 105.0 104.0 102.0 101.1 102.7 103.0 | 99.8 100.6 101.2
Housing, water, electricity, gas, and other fuels 101.8 101.6 104.5 109.0 103.1 107.5 110.9 111.6 117.3 102.9 115.3 119.3 110.5 106.8 103.8 98.4 101.5 103.3 105.1 104.5 | 102.4 103.7 103.3
Furnishings, household equipment, and routine household maintenance 101.3 101.4 100.4 101.2 103.6 103.3 104.4 104.8 108.4 109.2 107.0 106.6 107.0 104.3 103.3 103.3 101.9 101.3 102.4 102.2 | 101.5 100.6 100.9
Health 101.3 102.6 100.4 115.7 105.7 102.6 102.2 107.0 114.9 108.6 102.6 102.8 103.3 125.2 135.4 100.6 127.5 132.7 104.1 104.1 | 102.2 100.2 100.4
Transport 99.3 99.1 98.2 100.5 100.0 107.2 104.9 103.1 113.7 98.3 113.0 114.8 107.0 103.5 101.4 89.2 94.0 106.9 105.0 99.0 | 89.3 109.9 111.0
Communication … … … … … … … … … … 96.1 96.2 99.4 99.8 99.9 100.4 99.7 99.9 98.2 97.1 | 98.3 99.0 99.7
Recreation and cultureq 100.3 102.1 104.7 105.5 101.1 105.6 106.0 104.7 104.0 107.3 104.2 105.5 106.8 103.7 103.8 102.7 102.6 101.5 103.6 103.8 | 96.9 97.6 106.2
Education 101.8 102.2 102.6 101.0 101.9 103.7 104.8 103.2 105.6 107.1 106.6 106.5 112.5 123.2 104.4 107.5 111.2 108.8 107.7 109.4 | 102.6 100.8 99.9
Restaurants and hotelsr … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Miscellaneous goods and services 101.2 101.7 102.4 101.3 101.3 105.6 107.3 110.6 116.5 111.7 107.8 108.9 109.2 105.4 103.2 103.5 102.6 102.1 102.6 102.5 | 101.8 100.5 102.2
Producer (national); 2010 = 100 51.0 52.1 53.0 54.9 58.4 61.0 63.5 67.9 82.7 88.8 100.0 118.4 122.5 128.9 133.1 132.4 131.5 135.2 139.4 141.2 140.3 144.4 150.5
Implicit GDP deflator; 1994 | 2010 = 100 161.4 164.5 171.0 182.4 197.4 57.5 62.5 68.5 84.0 89.2 100.0 121.4 132.4 137.8 142.9 140.4 143.0 149.2 154.6 158.4 160.7 165.2 171.5
Money Supply (M2) (% annual change) 56.2 25.5 17.6 24.9 29.5 29.7 33.6 46.1 20.3 29.0 33.3 12.1 18.5 18.8 17.7 16.2 18.4 15.0 12.4 14.8 14.5 10.7 6.2
M2 (% of GDP at current market prices) 50.5 58.1 61.4 67.0 74.4 75.6 86.9 108.1 100.4 115.7 101.8 88.3 90.9 98.4 104.9 116.0 126.4 130.2 131.4 137.2 150.5 158.0 149.5
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VIET NAM
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Expense … … … 106,776.0 124,268.6 154,967.0 185,339.0 235,132.6 300,464.0 337,100.1 411,770.0 508,544.0 657,491.9 771,829.3 802,204.8 893,481.0 938,429.0 980,037.0 1,039,504.0 1,101,338.0 … … …
Compensation of employees … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Use of goods and services … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Consumption of fixed capital … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Interest … … … 6,395.0 7,217.0 6,621.0 7,965.0 12,660.0 16,730.0 20,490.0 25,400.0 29,786.0 39,884.0 54,084.0 66,738.0 82,022.0 86,783.0 97,728.0 106,584.0 107,065.0 … … …
Subsidies … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Grants … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Social benefits … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Other expense … … … 99,265.0 115,713.6 147,063.0 175,381.0 219,984.6 282,447.0 314,717.1 384,174.0 476,357.0 615,870.9 716,708.3 733,512.8 809,476.0 849,513.0 880,104.0 930,293.0 990,563.0 … … …
Net operating balance … … … 44,380.0 65,322.4 72,037.0 92,140.0 96,433.2 136,740.3 123,512.9 184,117.1 222,049.0 87,813.7 68,669.7 91,225.8 122,292.0 160,941.0 251,385.0 324,364.0 394,977.0 … … …
Gross operating balance … … … 44,380.0 65,322.4 72,037.0 92,140.0 96,433.2 136,740.3 123,512.9 184,117.1 222,049.0 87,813.7 68,669.7 91,225.8 122,292.0 160,941.0 251,385.0 324,364.0 394,977.0 … … …
Transactions in Nonfinancial Assets
Net/gross investment in nonfinancial assets … … … 53,314.0 64,229.0 81,831.0 87,448.0 119,000.8 143,627.0 230,553.0 241,420.0 249,162.0 304,475.0 333,429.0 336,947.0 379,004.0 355,595.0 370,587.0 390,677.0 418,135.0 … … …
Fixed assets … … … 53,314.0 64,229.0 81,831.0 87,448.0 119,000.8 143,627.0 230,553.0 241,420.0 249,162.0 304,475.0 333,429.0 336,947.0 379,004.0 355,595.0 370,587.0 390,677.0 418,135.0 … … …
Inventories … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Valuables … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Nonproduced assets … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Expenditure … … … 160,090.0 188,497.6 236,798.0 272,787.0 354,133.4 444,091.0 567,653.1 653,190.0 757,706.0 961,966.9 1,105,258.3 1,139,151.8 1,272,485.0 1,294,024.0 1,350,624.0 1,430,181.0 1,519,473.0 … … …
Net lending/Net borrowing … … … -8,934.0 1,093.4 -9,794.0 4,692.0 -22,567.6 -6,886.7 -107,040.1 -57,302.9 -27,113.0 -216,661.3 -264,759.3 -245,721.2 -256,712.0 -194,654.0 -119,202.0 -66,313.0 -23,158.0 … … …
Primary balance … … … -2,539.0 8,310.4 -3,173.0 12,657.0 -9,907.6 9,843.3 -86,550.1 -31,902.9 2,673.0 -176,777.3 -210,675.3 -178,983.2 -174,690.0 -107,871.0 -21,474.0 40,271.0 83,907.0 … … …
Transactions in Financial Assets and Liabilities (Financing)
Net acquisition of financial assets … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Domestic … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
External … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Net incurrence of liabilities … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Domestic … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
External … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Expenditure by Function
Total expenditure … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
General public services … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Defense … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Public order and safety … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Economic affairs … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Environmental protection … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Housing and community amenities … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Health … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Recreation, culture, and religion … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Education … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Social protection … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
Others … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … … …
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VIET NAM
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
4. Japan 2,575 2,510 2,437 2,909 3,542 4,340 5,240 6,090 8,468 6,292 7,728 10,781 13,060 13,651 14,704 14,100 14,671 16,792 18,844 20,334 19,268 20,108 24,070
5. Hong Kong, China 316 317 340 369 380 353 453 583 877 1,034 1,464 2,206 3,706 4,107 5,203 6,959 6,088 7,574 7,977 7,154 10,448 11,990 10,753
6. Netherlands 391 365 404 493 582 659 857 1,182 1,577 1,335 1,688 2,148 2,476 2,937 3,769 4,760 6,012 7,099 7,086 6,879 7,006 7,674 10,443
7. Germany 730 722 729 855 1,065 1,086 1,445 1,855 2,073 1,885 2,373 3,367 4,095 4,730 5,185 5,707 5,961 6,354 6,875 6,551 6,645 7,295 9,050
8. India 47 45 52 32 79 98 138 180 389 420 992 1,554 1,782 2,354 2,461 2,470 2,687 3,756 6,545 6,673 5,238 6,275 7,807
9. Thailand 372 323 227 335 518 863 930 1,030 1,289 1,266 1,183 1,792 2,832 3,104 3,476 3,178 3,691 4,801 5,454 5,304 4,859 5,984 6,956
10 United Kingdom 479 512 572 755 1,010 1,016 1,180 1,431 1,581 1,329 1,682 2,398 3,034 3,699 3,652 4,645 4,898 5,415 5,780 5,757 4,957 5,738 6,108
Imports, total 15,646 16,218 19,746 25,261 31,969 36,761 44,891 62,764 80,713 69,949 83,365 104,419 111,640 129,258 142,071 174,966 184,679 225,031 232,542 249,013 258,784 324,833 350,811
1. China, People's Republic of 1,401 1,606 2,159 3,139 4,595 5,900 7,391 12,710 15,974 16,441 20,019 24,594 28,786 36,954 43,868 49,441 50,038 58,533 65,516 75,472 84,374 109,825 118,482
2. Korea, Republic of 1,754 1,887 2,280 2,625 3,359 3,594 3,908 5,340 7,255 6,976 9,761 13,176 15,536 20,698 21,736 27,579 32,193 46,943 47,582 47,021 46,873 56,076 61,977
3. Japan 2,301 2,183 2,505 2,982 3,553 4,074 4,702 6,189 8,240 7,468 9,016 10,400 11,603 11,612 12,909 14,182 15,098 16,917 19,041 19,540 20,345 22,565 23,164
4. Taipei,China 1,880 2,009 2,525 2,916 3,698 4,304 4,825 6,947 8,363 6,253 6,977 8,557 8,534 9,424 8,378 9,190 9,701 11,816 13,231 15,152 16,695 20,760 22,546
5. United States 364 411 458 1,143 1,134 863 987 1,700 2,647 3,009 3,767 4,529 4,827 5,232 6,284 7,793 8,712 9,343 12,747 14,434 13,758 15,021 14,487
6. Thailand 811 792 955 1,282 1,859 2,374 3,034 3,744 4,906 4,514 5,602 6,384 5,792 6,311 7,119 8,270 8,855 10,702 12,043 11,663 10,966 12,561 13,930
7. Malaysia 389 464 683 925 1,215 1,257 1,482 2,290 2,596 2,505 3,413 3,920 3,412 4,104 4,193 4,185 5,174 5,945 7,450 7,334 6,604 8,125 9,168
8. Indonesia 345 289 363 552 663 700 1,013 1,354 1,729 1,546 1,909 2,248 2,248 2,375 2,497 2,738 2,992 3,656 4,937 5,720 5,433 7,531 9,411
9. Australia 293 266 286 278 459 499 1,100 1,059 1,358 1,050 1,444 2,123 1,772 1,587 2,058 2,022 2,442 3,200 3,751 4,456 4,670 7,887 10,286
10. India 178 228 325 457 594 596 880 1,357 2,094 1,635 1,762 2,346 2,161 2,883 3,132 2,655 2,746 3,955 4,147 4,528 4,488 6,961 6,863
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VIET NAM
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Private nonguaranteed – – – – – – – – – – 4,680 5,862 8,806 9,861 13,559 19,039 24,484 29,954 34,717 40,723 45,808 52,457 …
Short-term debt 823 719 679 822 1,688 2,040 2,443 4,395 4,204 4,783 6,932 10,781 12,350 12,169 13,604 11,991 12,720 21,898 19,585 24,397 26,604 33,233 …
Use of IMF credit 378 426 446 409 351 272 252 239 195 578 529 496 484 485 456 436 423 448 438 435 453 1,987 …
External debt (% of GNI) 41.8 39.2 38.7 40.1 39.6 32.9 28.9 30.7 27.5 32.3 31.5 32.3 32.5 31.7 32.3 34.3 35.3 39.4 36.5 37.4 38.2 39.3 …
Total long-term debt (% of total debt) 90.6 90.9 91.6 92.1 88.4 87.6 85.6 80.0 83.4 83.6 83.4 79.1 79.2 80.7 80.6 84.0 84.7 78.5 81.3 78.8 78.4 74.1 …
Short-term debt (% of total debt) 6.4 5.7 5.1 5.3 9.6 11.0 13.0 19.0 15.9 14.6 15.4 20.0 20.0 18.6 18.8 15.4 14.8 21.0 18.3 20.8 21.3 24.4 …
Debt service (% of exports of goods and services) 7.5 6.7 6.1 3.6 2.7 2.6 2.1 2.2 2.0 2.3 2.3 3.9 3.6 3.2 4.2 3.8 3.9 5.9 7.0 5.8 5.6 5.9 …
… = data not available; | = marks break in series; (-/+) 0 or (-/+) 0.0 = magnitude is less than half of unit employed; * = provisional, preliminary, estimate, budget figure; – = magnitude equals zero; $ = United States dollars; cif = cost,
insurance, and freight; D = dong; fob = free on board; GDP = gross domestic product; GNI = gross national income; IMF = International Monetary Fund; km² = square kilometer; kWh = kilowatt-hour; L = liter; NPISHs = nonprofit institutions
serving households; SDRs = special drawing rights; t = metric ton.
a For 2000–2020, data are based on the International Conference of Labor Statistics (ICLS 13) standards. For 2021 onward, data are calculated based on ICLS19.
b Refers to total number of persons engaged in any activity regardless of age.
c For 2000–2002, includes mining and quarrying; and electricity, gas, steam, and air-conditioning supply.
d For 2000–2004, data on transportation and storage and information and communication are consolidated under the indicator transportation and communication.
e For 2010–2018, data on labor force have been adjusted for the 2019 Population and Housing Census. Unemployment rate is population at 15 years of age and above.
f For 2000–2009, the GDP data series is based on unreassessed/unreevaluated scale. Starting 2010, the GDP data are based on the reevaluated scale.
g For 2000–2004, includes water supply; and sewerage, waste management, and remediation activities.
h For 2000–2004, data on transportation and storage and information and communication are consolidated under transportation and communication.
i For 2000–2004, included in other services.
j For 2000-2004, includes education, human health and social work activities, and arts, entertainment, and recreation.
k For 2005, components for other services were disaggregated into separate indicators.
l For 2005 onward, methodology was revised and 2010 base year was used.
m For 2000 and 2004, data refer to exports less imports of goods and services. Annual growth rate cannot be calculated separately for exports and imports for 2000, 2001, and 2004.
n Derived from data on balance of secondary income of balance of payments.
o Refers to imports of refined petroleum products.
p For 2000–2019, figures are based on Classification of Individual Consumption According to Purpose (COICOP) 1999. For 2020 onward, figures are based on COICOP 2018.
q Includes restaurants and hotels.
r Data on restaurants and hotels are consolidated under recreation and culture.
s Based on an expanded monetary survey that includes 4 government and 24 nongovernment commercial banks.
t Includes time and savings deposits and deposit substitutes.
u Refers to foreign currency deposits.
v Includes cooperatives.
w For 2000–2010, data were estimated based on the annual nonweighted average of the monthly deposit rates provided by the Ho Chi Minh City Securities Company. Starting 2011, data were provided by the State Bank of Viet Nam.
x For 2000–2010, refers to maximum interest per annum for state enterprise deposits.
y Until the 53rd edition of the Key Indicators of Asia and the Pacific, Viet Nam’s data on government finance from the Ministry of Finance (MOF), was presented using the GFS1986 standard. Starting in the 54th edition of the Key
Indicators of Asia and the Pacific, with the support of the World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF), the MOF submitted its 2003-2019 government finance data following GFS2014 standard. The MOF is currently working with
IMF to convert its 2020-onward government finance data.
z Includes foreign aid in goods.
aa Prior to 2014, data are based on the IMF's Balance of Payments Manual (fifth edition). For 2014 onward, data are based on the IMF's Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual (sixth edition).
ab For 2022, data on balance of payments are for the first nine months only.
Sources:
Population Government of Viet Nam, General Statistics Office (GSO). Official communication, 05 May 2023.
Production Indexes
Agriculture; Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. FAOSTAT Database. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data (accessed 30 June 2023).
Money and Interest Rates State Bank of Viet Nam. Official communication, 03 April 2023.
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VIET NAM
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
Government Finance Government of Viet Nam, Ministry of Finance. Official communication, 06 April 2023.
Government Finance (% of GDP at current market prices) Asian Development Bank estimates using economy source.
Expenditure by Function (% of GDP at current market prices)
Direction of Trade International Monetary Fund (IMF). Direction of Trade Statistics. https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2023).
Balance of Payments State Bank of Viet Nam. Official communication, 03 April 2023.
International Reserves IMF. International Financial Statistics. https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2023).
Exchange Rates IMF. International Financial Statistics. https://data.imf.org/ (accessed 30 June 2023).
External Indebtedness World Bank. International Debt Statistics. https://databank.worldbank.org/source/international-debt-statistics# (accessed 30 June 2023).
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