JABATAN PEMBANGUNAN KEMAHIRAN

KEMENTERIAN SUMBER MANUSIA

ARAS 7 & 8 BLOK D4, KOMPLEKS D
PUSAT PENTADBIRAN KERAJAAN PERSEKUTUAN
62502 PUTRAJAYA

KERTAS PENERANGAN
( INFORMATION SHEET )
KOD DAN NAMA
PROGRAM / I-031-3 : 2014
PROGRAM’S CODE & VOCATIONAL TRAINING OPERATION
NAME
TAHAP / LEVEL THREE (3)

NO. DAN TAJUK UNIT

KOMPETENSI / C01
COMPETENCY UNIT NO. TEACHING AND LEARNING IMPLEMENTATION
AND TITLE

1. DETERMINE TRAINING REQUIREMENTS

NO. DAN PENYATAAN
AKTIVITI KERJA / WORK
ACTIVITIES NO. AND
STATEMENT
2. FACILITATE TRAINING SESSION
3. MENTOR TRAINEE
4. COACH TRAINEE
5. SUPERVISE TRAINEE
6. GUIDE (COUNSEL) TRAINEE

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TAJUK/TITLE:

THE IMPLEMENTION OF COMPETENCY BASED TRAINING (CBT)

TUJUAN/PURPOSE:
This Information Sheet is intended to describe the concept and the implementation of
Competency Based Training (CBT) including the differences between CBT Training
and Conventional Training.
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PENERANGAN/INFORMATION:

1. CONCEPT OF COMPETENCY BASED TRAINING

Competency Based Training is a change in the culture of Teaching and Learning from
Teacher Centered Approach to Student Centred Approach. Trainees are given the
opportunity to learn according to their own learning content as well as explore new fields
of interest on his own. With this, trainees will be able to maximize their potential to the
next level.

CBT implementation in the context of Teaching and Learning in training agencies can be
seen from the aspect of the trainer’s role, whereby the trainer does not only teach but
also acts as a facilitator, motivator and sometimes as an innovator as listed below:-

a) Serve as a mentor and motívate trainees to independently acquire knowledge

and skills in using information technology facilities.
b) Provide a similar teaching for all trainees but will try to provide a different learning
experience for each trainee based on their abilities and interests.
c) Determine trainee learning by making the activity interesting. Spend some time
with trainees to identify their problems and find solutions.

1.1 Main Elements of CBT

The main elements of CBT are as follows:-

i) skills identified and announced
ii) assessments’ criteria and condition stated and communicated
iii) rating reflects the knowledge and attitute but requires performance as the
primary evidence
iv) each skill in training can be developed and assessed separately
v) trainees can progress on their own merit by demonstrating the skills that
have been achieved
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1.2 The Differences of CBT and Conventional Approach

a) In Teaching & Learning Aspect

ITEM CONVENTIONAL CBT

TEACHING a. Supply information a. Providing a challenging

b. More answers from task and requires
questioning investigation and analysis
c. Asking questions of low b. More questioning
level c. Asking questions
d. Using resources in elevation
printed media d. Using multimedia
resources, especially
computer

LEARNING a. Depending on the a. Depending on the trainee

instructor - Self-directed
b. Provide low-level b. To respond to high levels
responses (global context)
c. Working alone c. Working as a team
d. Passive interaction d. Active interaction

b) In Training Aspect

Training Aspect Conventional Training Competency Based

Program TrainingProgram

1. Approach to
Central to the instructor Converged to trainees
Training

2. The Role of the Conduct Act as a facilitator of

Instructor lectures/demonstration learning

3. The Process of Controlled by the Learning controlled by the

Teaching instructor trainee

4. Teaching Determined by the Trainees are also involved in

Topics instructor determining topics
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Training Aspect Conventional Training Competency Based

Program TrainingProgram

5. Exit / Entry Trainees entering/exiting at Trainees entering/exiting

Training the same time separately (free entry/exit)

Trainees are assesed at Trainees are assessed when

6. Time Ratings
the same time they are ready to be evaluated

Trainees are assessed on an

7. Draft Final exam (Summative
ongoing basis (Formative
Evaluation Evaluation)
Evaluation)

2. IMPLEMENTATION OF CBT

2.1 Changes in Management System

Change from conventional management system that is based on the workings of

the manual to Competency Based Training Management System which is an
electronic management system that is designed carefully.

Therefore, all aspects of management training can be controlled by:-

a) Appointment of Team Work

• Determine the old hardware that can still be used
• Prepare a plan to restructure the use of old hardware
• Procurement of hardware through sponsorship or rent
• Determine the number of computers to be obtained

b) Procurement of Computer
• Planning for room renovation for the placement of the computer
• Make sure the type and specifications of the computer
• Confirm and book the suppliers
• Set up computer lab scheduling
• Set up procedures for using computers among instructors

c) Staff Development Plan

• Provides annual instructor program, ensuring that instructors need to be
trained gradually and continuously, i.e. for career advancement.
Furthermore, the need for enhanced efficiency of Information Technology
(Information Technology) for all teachers
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• Determine local resources and staff development program implemented
on an ongoing basis, where the teaching is among the expert instructors,
parents or community members.
• Develop teaching materials and learning based on:-
i. The use of multimedia technology
ii. Related materials available on the market
iii. Learning package
iv. Education delivery methods such as simulations, practical and so on.

2.2 Objective of Selecting Techniques forTeaching and Learning

Selecting techniques forteaching and learning is essential to ensure the

effectiveness of an educational presentation that can meet the objectives set.

The purpose of choosing these techniques are:-

• To encourage the transfer of learning

• To create motivation
• To maintain memory
• To encourage think actively
• To foster positive values and attitudes
• To establish two-way interactive communication

However, it should be emphasized that :-

• There is no single teaching method or technique that is best

• Training requires a combination of several techniques for teaching and
learning
• The combination of these techniques will produce a variety of activities to
satisfy the training success

2.3 Facilities Planning On Multimedia Technology

Plans should be made to acquire and improve the facility of multimedia

technology in training agencies to meet the needs of current technology. Facility
of multimedia technology equipment must be sufficient and the training agencies
is proposed to enhance this facility as follows by:-

• Providing multiple computers for teachers

• Providing multiple computers to trainees in the Resource Centre
• Providing multiple computers for management
• Providing a computer lab
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2.4 Teaching and Learning Techniques without Multimedia Technology

Techniques for Teaching and Learning

Without Multimedia Technology

Trainee/Instructor Material Trainee

Approach Approach Approach

- Demonstration - Audio Visual - Project

- Lecture - Text Books - Discussion
- Teaching Group - Learning Guide - Questioning
- Story Telling - Learning Module - Simulation
- Overall Grading - Reference Books - Problem Solving
- Brainstorm
- Group

2.5 Material Development of Teaching and Learning

Teaching materials and learning is a major problem in ensuring that trainees

acquire knowledge and skills throughout the training process.Plan to develop
teaching materials and learning is important because:-
a) It is the attractive point
b) It eliminates the boredom
c) It creates a fun atmosphere
d) It helps establish a clear conceptIt produces effective learning
e) It encourages the transfer of learning
f) It saves time
g) It fosters creative thinking and pro-activeness

Some material support and material resources available are:-

a) Teaching Aids
i. Electronic Type
 Television
 Telephone
 Tape Recorder
 Radio
 Overhead Projector
 Slides
 Video Tape
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ii. Non-Electronic Type

 Sheets
 Magazine
 Charts
 Drawing
 Newspaper Cutting
 Reference Books
 Model Materials
 Pictures
 Forms

b) Source of Resources
 School Library
 Curriculum Development Centre
 Radio & Television Malaysia
 Government Departments
 Tourism Agency
 National Museum
 The National Archives
 Embassy
 Private Bodies
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SOALAN/QUESTION :

1. What is the definition of Competency Based Training?

2. Explain the main elements of CBT.

3. List down (3) types of domain Learning and Teaching.

4. Affective Domain is the domain that is involved in feeling, emotion, value and
attitude of trainees. Please explain the levels of the domain.

5. Explain the six (6)purposes of choosing Learning and Teaching technique.

6. Implementation of CBT resulted in the restructuring of the functions and

responsibilities of management training. Discuss the differences between
conventional change management training to CBT program.

RUJUKAN/REFERENCE :

1. JPK Putrajaya (2006), Nota Kursus Induksi Sistem Pentauliahan Persijilan

Kemahiran Malaysia PP/PPD/PPB.

2. Gary Kroehnert (2000), Basic Training For Trainers (third Edition), McGraw Hill Book
Company Australia, Pg No. 220-224